U.S. patent number 3,717,948 [Application Number 05/117,238] was granted by the patent office on 1973-02-27 for universal unit for toy blocks.
Invention is credited to Walter Schnabel.
United States Patent |
3,717,948 |
Schnabel |
February 27, 1973 |
UNIVERSAL UNIT FOR TOY BLOCKS
Abstract
A universal block unit for interengagement with conventional toy
blocks comprising a panel having normally offset rims along the
longitudinal edges. The rims are provided with elements conforming
to those of the toy blocks and interlocking therewith. The
universal block has a height equal to a multiple of the toy blocks
and a length equal to a multiple of the distance between the
centers of the interlocking elements.
Inventors: |
Schnabel; Walter (7141
Schwieberdingen, DT) |
Family
ID: |
5764934 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/117,238 |
Filed: |
February 22, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Mar 13, 1970 [DT] |
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P 20 11 878.9 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
446/128 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
33/088 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
33/08 (20060101); A63H 33/04 (20060101); A63h
033/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/23,24,25,26,30 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mancene; Louis G.
Assistant Examiner: Cutting; Robert F.
Claims
What is claimed:
1. A universal block unit for interengagement with three
dimensional structural toy blocks which have at least two rows of
correspondingly uniformly spaced first and second interlocking
elements on a pair of opposed surfaces respectively, said first
interlocking elements comprising receptacles and said second
interlocking elements comprising pins conforming to and axially
aligned with said receptacles, said universal block comprising, a
flat panel having a length equal to a multiple of the distance
between the centers of two adjacent interlocking elements and a
height equal to a multiple of the height of said toy blocks, said
panel having formed along each of its opposed longitudinal edges a
transverse integral surface extending perpendicular to one of the
frontal faces of said panel, each transverse surface having a width
equal to the distance between the centers of said interlocking
elements, and a single row of first interlocking elements formed on
one of said transverse surfaces and a single row of second
interlocking elements formed on the other of said transverse
surfaces, said interlocking elements on each of the transverse
surfaces being offset from the adjacent edges of said transverse
surfaces by one-half the distance between the centers of adjacent
elements to mate with the interlocking elements on said toy
block.
2. The universal block unit according to Claim 1, wherein the
frontal face of said panel is contoured.
3. The universal block unit according to claim 1 wherein the
transverse surface provided with the receptacles has a thickness at
least corresponding to the height of the pins.
4. The universal block unit according to claim 3, wherein the
receptacles are through-bores extending through the transverse
surface.
5. A toy comprising a plurality of three dimensional structural toy
blocks, each having at least two rows of uniformly spaced
interlocking elements on a pair of opposed surfaces, said
interlocking elements on one surface comprising receptacles and
said interlocking elements on the other surface comprising mating
pins, and a plurality of universal block units for interengagement
therewith, each of said universal block units comprising a flat
panel having integrally formed, along each its opposed longitudinal
edges, side walls perpendicular to one frontal face of said panel,
each of said sides having respectively a single row of interlocking
elements of one type adapted to conformingly mate with the
interlocking elements of said toy blocks, each of said universal
block units having a predetermined height and a length selectively
predetermined as a multiple of the distance between the centers of
the interlocking elements and the interlocking elements being
arranged offset from the peripheral edges of said surface by
one-half the distance between the centers of the interlocking
elements.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to toy blocks, and in particular to a
universal block unit for use in the interconnection of blocks which
are equipped on two opposite surfaces with at least two rows of
mating interlocking elements.
Many types of interlocking toy blocks are known. Such blocks differ
from each other by the kind of interlocking systems employed and
thus by the shape and arrangement of the interlocking elements on
each unit. In assembling a model structure of substantial size many
units of different lengths, widths and also color, may be required
and the assembly of any relatively large model requires
considerable time and effort to accomplish.
In an effort to simplify construction, it has been attempted to
match interlocking units of different size in such a manner that
they can be assembled with each other. Because such interlocking
units enlarge or diminish the structure in all three dimensions, no
model resembling a real structure can be arranged whose minimum
details are determined by the smallest type of units and which,
nevertheless, must use relatively large interlocking units. In such
structures the largest type of block used, determines the overall
appearance. Only small additions to the structure can be made by
means of smaller types of interlocking units.
This is a particular problem in those conventional toy block
systems in which two opposed surfaces are provided with two or more
rows of interengaging elements such as pins and sockets.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a universal
unit block for use with the described conventional interlocking toy
blocks which permits the rapid construction of forms having large
area and a large volume without changing the resolution of the
model built.
These objects as well as others will be observed from the following
description.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
According to the present invention a universal block unit is
provided comprising a flat planar panel characterized in that it
has a height which is a multiple of the height of the conventional
block to which it is to be attached and a length which is a
multiple of the distance between two interengaging elements of the
conventional block with which it interconnects. The universal block
unit is further provided with a pair of horizontally opposed
peripheral rims extending normally or perpendicularly to the edge
of the panel. The rims are provided with a single row of engaging
elements arranged and shaped to conform to the interengaging
elements on the conventional block to which it is attached. In such
a manner there is provided a universal structural element or block
unit which can be assembled in the normal manner with the
conventional interengaging blocks without changing the resolution
or stacking mosaic which is provided by the conventional blocks.
The new structural element is used to best advantage in
constructing walls having large areas because it permits the quick
assembly of flat portions having large areas.
Two identical structural unit block elements having differing
colored panels may be used facing each other and connected by a
bridging conventional engaging block to form a wall of uniform
thickness, having two desirable faces, each of which may be
provided with different colors or texture.
Corners are assembled with the new universal structural unit by
providing it with opposed vertical edges having smooth rim
surfaces. These rims will provide, furthermore, additional rigidity
to the structural unit elements.
The large front face of the panels of the new structural unit
blocks may be textured, roughened or contoured to simulate natural
brick or similar material. It may carry a recess or projecting
pattern in order to increase the number of variations
available.
The universal structural unit blocks of the present invention can
be assembled with particular ease with conventional interlocking
blocks when both the universal structural element and interlocking
blocks have conforming projecting pins and mating receptacles or
sockets.
To provide sufficient strength in the connection when only a single
row of interengaging elements is employed. The distribution of the
engaging elements in the universal unit is preferably the same as
in the conventional interengaging block to which it is
attached.
It is preferable that the universal block unit be large enough so
that the receptacles have a depth sufficient to correspond to and
to receive the engaging pins. The receptacles in the perpendicular
rim of the plate may therefore, be through-bores or holes into
which the pins from the conventional block extend. The engaging
pins projecting from the surface of the rim edges are preferably
hollow cylinders in order to facilitate manufacture.
The universal interengagability of the new structural unit with the
conventional interengaging blocks is achieved by locating the
engaging elements (receiptacles and pins) on the rim edges by
one-half the space between their centers from the adjacent
neighboring edges. Thus, each row is located along the longitudinal
center of the edge. The universal unit may then be assembled in
both directions flush with the outer surface of the conventional
interlocking blocks. Structures of any desired lengths can be
achieved by the use of structural units of different size; each
having equal height but different length and extending over a
different number of spaced interlocking element of the engaging
blocks. The uniform height of the new structural elements may be
made to fit, for example, the height of one floor or story, of a
model house.
Full details of the present invention follow.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in greater detail with
reference to the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 shows the universal structural element in front elevation,
the element being intended for assembly with conventional
interlocking blocks,
FIG. 2 shows the element according to FIG. 1, in the rear view,
FIG. 3 shows two smaller structural elements which face each other
and which are intended to be assembled with a conventional
interlocking block having two rows of interlocking elements,
and
FIG. 4 is top plan view of the interlocking rim edge of the new
structural unit block showing the distribution of the interlocking
elements.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 3, a conventional prior art toy block 22 is seen for
comparison and later for the purpose of indicating the function and
use of the universal block unit of this invention. The block 22 is
rectangular having a height h, a width B and a length determined by
the number of interlocking elements, such as receptacles 23 and
pins 24 in a single row. The interlocking elements are uniformly
spaced along their row with their centers uniformly spaced. The
receptacles 23 and the pins 24 are aligned, with respect to each
other, on opposite sides or faces of the toy blocks. When two or
more rows are employed each row is aligned in rank and file and
offset from its adjacent row by a distance equal to the distance
between the centers of the interlocking elements. Each element in
the end rank, or file or row is spaced from the edge of the block a
distance equal to half the distance between the centers of the
interlocking elements. Thus, each block and its interlocking
elements are symmetrical and capable of interlocking with each
other block similarly made, although not necessarily of the same
length or height.
The new universal structural unit for use with such interlocking
toy blocks, which themselves, have at least two rows of
interlocking elements, comprises, as is seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, an
upright flat planar panel 10. This panel 10 has a height H which is
x times the height h of a conventional interlocking block 22 and a
length L which is y times the spacing a between the centers of
adjacent interlocking elements on the conventional interlocking
block as is shown in FIG. 4. With this relationship of the height
and length dimensions, the universal structural element of the
present invention fits easily into the size resolution determined
by the conventional interlocking blocks. Care must only be taken
that these panel shaped units have interengaging elements which can
be assembled with the selected conventional interlocking
blocks.
The opposed longitudinal edges of the panel 10 which conform to the
size or division created by the interlocking blocks carry
perpendicularly extending or normally offset rims 11 and 13 which
have a width t corresponding to one-half of the width B of the
interlocking toy block 22 which carries two rows of interlocking
elements. This width t therefore, corresponds also to the spacing a
between each of the individual interlocking elements of the block.
The angularly offset rims 11 and 13 each carry a row of
interlocking elements which are adapted to mate with the elements
of the engaging block. Thus, a conventional interlocking block 22,
as shown in FIG. 3 has cylindrical receptacles 23 on one side and
conformingly shaped and arranged interlocking circular pins 24 on
the other side (which are, of course, not visible in the assembled
condition of the block). Analogously, the universal unit has a rim
11 which carries corresponding receptacles 12 and a rim 13 which
carries corresponding pins 14.
As is seen in FIG. 2, the receptacles 12 have a depth which is at
least the height of the interlocking pins 24 (of the block 22) of
of the corresponding interlocking pins 14 on the opposed rim 13. To
obtain this, it is preferable that the thickness d of the rim 11 be
at least equal to or greater than the length of the pines 24 or 14.
The receptacle 12 may also be a through-bore or hole and may even
pass entirely through the rim 11. The diameter of the receptacle 12
should, however, be at least such that the pins 24 or 14 are
received therein and held with adequate strength for an
interlocking connection.
The interlocking pins 14, which project from the rim 13 may be
solid, however, they are also preferably hollow cylinders. The
bores of the pins 14 may pass all the way through the rim 13 which
need not be as rim 11.
The vertical edges of the structural element 10 are bounded by
vertical perpendicular extending smooth rims 15 and 16 which tend,
also, to reinforce the blocks. Thus, rims 11, 13, 15 and 16,
provide a peripheral boundary surrounding an open interior.
As is shown in FIG. 3, two structural units 17 and 18 formed,
according to the invention, are assembled in face to face
relationship to each other with a conventional interlocking block
22 having two rows of interlocking elements. The panels of both
units face outwardly so these assembled units 17 and 18 then appear
closed. Obviously, the facing assembled elements 17 and 18 may be
of different color or may carry on their outer surfaces, different
patterns, such as a recess simulating bricks, windows, holes etc.
The surface may be produced by applying a plastic coating or a
mosaic-like pattern on the visible face. The two structural
elements 18 and 17 are so assembled that their receptacles 19 and
20 and their extending pins 21 are all facing in the same
direction. In this position the structural elements 17 and 18 can
be assembled with an interlocking toy block 22 with the pins 21
secured in the receptacles 23 of the block 22. The receptacles 19
and 20 of the structural elements 17 and 18 may, in turn, accept
the projecting pins 24 of another conventional toy block 22. In
this manner, conventional interlocking blocks and universal
structural units of the invention, may be assembled into a unitary
structure. Advantageously panels 10 of different lengths (and
consequently providing a different number of interlocking elements
having different center spacings a) can be assembled in a set so
that the varying conventional blocks systems may readily be
accommodated with universal interconnections. The height of these
universal structural elements may also, but not necessarily be
chosen to have the same varying values.
It will be observed that the dimensions of the universal block, in
particular, its length and depth depend upon the spacing of the
interlocking elements. This is illustrated in FIG. 4, which is a
top plan view of the rim of one of the structural elements 10 or
18, showing the distribution of the interlocking elements which in
this case, are the receptacles 12, 18 and 19. The rim of the panel
block structure carries only one row of interengaging elements. The
centers of each of the interengaging elements are spaced from the
adjacent edges of the rim by one-half of an interlocking element
spacing a. The total width of the unit is equal to twice a/2 or t.
Since each of the end elements are spaced from the ends of the unit
a distance equal also to one-half of a, the length of the total
unit is therefore, a multiple of a. The multiples of height and
length are of course chosen as whole intergers or proper fractional
parts so that a single universale block may be made to cover one or
more conventional toy blocks or a fraction of said toy blocks. In
this manner odd sized pieces and non-conforming pieces are avoided.
This arrangement makes it possible for a structural unit 18 to be
assembled flush in both directions with the corresponding facing
surface and interlocking toy block 22, according to FIG 3.
It is obvious that the shape of the interlocking elements in cross
section, is not limited to the illustrated circular embodiment,
they may be square or triangular, if desired. The invention is
applicable to all types of interlocking systems having suitable
shape and corresponding adaptation of rim structures.
* * * * *