U.S. patent number 3,717,305 [Application Number 05/096,961] was granted by the patent office on 1973-02-20 for fuel injection nozzle assembly.
Invention is credited to Harry O. Hedges.
United States Patent |
3,717,305 |
Hedges |
February 20, 1973 |
FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE ASSEMBLY
Abstract
An improved fuel injection nozzle assembly is provided which may
be easily removed from an engine block for replacement and
maintenance purposes. A protective spray tip cap is formed to
receive the nozzle portion of the overall assembly and may be
formed with an external flange sized to be larger than any standard
nozzle bore hole of an engine block. A body portion of the overall
assembly is similarly provided with an external flange which, upon
assembly of the overall apparatus, is clamped against an engine
block so that the external flange of the body portion and the outer
surface of the engine block cooperate to impinge upon the external
flange of the spray tip cap to secure the cap in an operational
posture. In one independent feature of the invention, an adjustment
nut is provided on the body portion of the assembly to vary the
fuel pressure at which a valve portion of the assembly is actuated
for the dispensing of fuel spray into a combustion chamber of the
engine. The adjustment nut may be provided with a fluid passage
fitting for removing any fuel passing through the assembly in a
direction other than toward the combustion chamber. The nut may
further be provided with a screwdriver receiving groove to
facilitate the adjusting of the fuel pressure setting and the
removal of the valve portion of the fuel injection nozzle assembly.
In another independent feature of the invention, a fuel inlet
fitting may be threadedly mounted on the body portion of the
assembly which fitting is provided with wedge shaped grooves
adjacent the connection of the body with the fitting. Annular wedge
shaped gaskets may be disposed within the grooves, and the fitting
may cooperate with a clamping means to transfer an impinging force
to the exterior flange on the nozzle spray cap in response to a
tightening of the fastening means of the overall clamping means. In
another independent feature of the invention, the external flange
portion of the spray cap may be formed with an annular groove for
receiving an O-ring seal so that a more fluid-tight connection may
be formed between the protective spray tip cap and the body portion
of the overall assembly. In still another independent feature of
the invention, the body may be radially split adjacent a spray tip
end thereof. Through this arrangement, the valve portion of the
assembly may be removed from either axial end of the body after
splitting the body into its two components.
Inventors: |
Hedges; Harry O. (Marlton,
NJ) |
Family
ID: |
22259964 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/096,961 |
Filed: |
December 10, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/288.5;
123/470; 239/533.3; 239/533.6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02M
61/14 (20130101); F02M 61/10 (20130101); F02M
61/168 (20130101); F02M 2700/074 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F02M
61/14 (20060101); F02M 61/16 (20060101); F02M
61/10 (20060101); F02M 61/00 (20060101); B05b
001/30 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/288,288.3,288.5,533,453 ;123/32JV |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
809,053 |
|
Feb 1959 |
|
GB |
|
759,420 |
|
Nov 1953 |
|
DT |
|
696,893 |
|
Oct 1964 |
|
CA |
|
Primary Examiner: Wood, Jr.; M. Henson
Assistant Examiner: Love; John J.
Claims
I claim
1. In apparatus; wherein, a fuel injection nozzle presents an
elongated body having a spray tip disposed at a first terminal end
thereof; wherein, the body is mountable to project through an
opening formed in an engine block with the spray tip operationally
disposed with respect to an engine cylinder; and, wherein, a
protective spray tip cap is operationally disposed over the portion
of the nozzle extending through the engine block opening, the
improvement comprising:
said protective spray tip cap being slideably mounted within the
opening of the engine block;
said nozzle slideably disposed within said slideably mounted
protective spray tip cap;
said protective spray tip cap being formed with a generally
radially extending portion;
said nozzle being formed with a generally radially extending
portion; and
said protective spray tip cap being held in an operational posture
with respect to the engine block by the impingement of said
generally radially extending portion of said nozzle against said
generally radially extending portion of said protective spray tip
cap, solely in response to the urging of said nozzle toward the
engine block while said nozzle is operationally mounted in the
opening defined in the engine block.
2. The improvement according to claim No. 1, wherein:
a first terminal end of said protective spray cap is formed with a
second radially extending surface;
said second radially extending surface of said protective spray cap
being formed with a marginal edge to define an aperture disposed
generally centrally thereof;
said aperture being sized to receive a terminal, spray tip portion
of said nozzle; and
said second radially extending surface of said protective spray tip
cap being formed to fit flush with a corresponding surface portion
of said nozzle.
3. The improvement according to claim No. 2, wherein said second
radially extending surface of said spray tip cap is formed with a
generally accurately extending cross-sectional configuration.
4. The improvement according to claim No. 1 wherein:
said nozzle is split into at least two components; and
said protective spray cap is operable to hold said at least two
components of said nozzle in operational alignment in response to
the insertion of said nozzle into said spray cap and the urging of
said nozzle toward the engine block, solely in response to the
normal mounting of said nozzle in the engine block.
5. The improvement according to claim No. 4, wherein:
said nozzle is of an elongated configuration; and
said nozzle is split along a line extending generally transversely
of the longitudinal extension thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to fuel injection nozzles
for internal combustion engines, and, more particularly, relates to
an improved fuel injection nozzle arrangement which is specifically
designed to facilitate the removal and maintenance of a fuel
injection system within an operational internal combustion
engine.
Over the years, the industry has diligently endeavored to improve
the design and operation of fuel injection apparatus for both spark
and compression ignition engines. Today, fuel injection nozzles are
compact and generally simple devices having a high degree of
efficiency. One of the ever-present problems encountered by
engineers in incorporating fuel injection devices within
operational internal combustion engines, has been the seriously
detrimental effects of high temperature cylinder gases acting upon
the outlet end of a fuel injection nozzle. Also, these gases are
capable of passing through an annular space defined between the
fuel injection nozzle and a surrounding marginal edge of an engine
borehole to cause additional heating and carbonization problems in
areas outside the combustion chamber.
In order to prevent the bypass of cylinder gases through the last
mentioned annular space, engineers and mechanics have utilized
annular seals or gaskets of conventional design which are sometimes
disposed within annular recesses formed circumferentially about the
tubular nozzle. These seals have consisted of materials such as
copper or the like, and, in spite of the presence of such sealing
devices, cylinder gas seepage or breathing often occurs through the
annular space. These gases deposit a carbonaceous substance along
the outer surface of the nozzle and throughout the various parts
comprising the overall nozzle assembly to cause an adherence
between the various sub-assemblies of the nozzle, as well as
between the outer surface of the nozzle and the internal surface of
the cylinder head borehole. Additionally, the hot gases acting upon
the full length of the nozzle assembly tend to impart a substantial
amount of heat thereto, which may then be conducted through the
nozzle to associated apparatus outside the combustion area of the
cylinder. The carbonaceous deposits are not confined to the smooth
surface of the nozzle, but form on whatever connecting means may be
utilized to mount the nozzle within the cylinder head borehole.
Since the removal of a fuel injection nozzle may occur quite
frequently, as the removal might normally be associated with
replacement of spark plugs in a spark ignition engine, it is
important that the parts for mounting the nozzle within the
cylinder head borehole not become frozen together by such cylinder
gas deposits.
One approach for shielding a length of an injection nozzle against
the high temperatures of the cylinder gas, and for simultaneously
preventing carbonaceous buildups along the surface of the nozzle,
is to coat the nozzle with a polymer substance before installing
the nozzle in an internal combustion engine. Such a provision has
been found to be less than satisfactory, because there still exists
an axial passage between the coated nozzle and the internal edge
defining the nozzle borehole, so that carbonaceous gases may seep
therethrough to the members of the apparatus provided for mounting
the nozzle. Also, it has been found that the high temperature gases
acting along the relatively large surface area of such a polymer
coating tends to burn the coating away, which burning exposes at
least a portion of the nozzle so as to render the coating
ineffective to solve the heat conducting problem. Even when a
gasket or a sealing device is used with such a polymer coating, it
has been found that seepage will still occur so that the overall
results of the composite are not satisfactory.
Therefore, freezing of fuel injection nozzle mounting apparatus,
difficulty of removing fuel injection nozzles, and damage to the
nozzle during maintenance and operational periods are problems
which heretofore have not been solved.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an
improved fuel injection nozzle for use in an internal combustion
engine.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus for preventing the breathing of cylinder gases through
the annular space defined by the outer surface of a fuel injection
nozzle and the inner surface of a surrounding cylinder head
borehole.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus for preventing carbonaceous deposits along the length of
a fuel injection nozzle.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus for preventing the freezing of mounting apparatus used
for securing a fuel injection nozzle within a borehole formed
within the head of an internal combustion engine.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus for reducing the conduction of heat from the interior of
an operating cylinder of an internal combustion engine through a
fuel injection nozzle to associated apparatus outside the
combustion area of the cylinder.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide an
apparatus for shielding a fuel injection nozzle from high
temperature cylinder gases using a removable nozzle spray cap which
will not be burned away by the action of such hot cylinder
gases.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a
fuel injection nozzle assembly which is inexpensive to manufacture,
to install and to maintain.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel
injection nozzle assembly which solves many of the problems
confronting the industry today.
At least some of the above listed objects are carried out by the
provision of a fuel injection nozzle assembly having a spray tip
protective cap comprising a heat resistant material. The cap is
structurally formed to be rigidly mounted in an operational posture
in response to the normal clamping of a fuel injection nozzle
within a borehole of an internal combustion engine block.
In one feature of the invention, groove means may be provided in
the protective cap member to receive an O-ring seal which
cooperates with the cap and a body portion of the overall assembly
to provide a barrier against the passage of combustion gases along
the extension of the fuel injection nozzle assembly.
In another independent feature of the invention, adjustment means
is provided for varying the required fuel pressure for actuating a
valve portion of the fuel injection nozzle.
In still another independent feature of the invention, the overall
assembly is arranged to facilitate the removal of a rod-like valve
portion of the assembly and is further structured to facilitate the
removal of the overall assembly from within a borehole of an
internal combustion engine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims which particularly
point out and distinclty claim the present invention, a preferred
embodiment is set forth in the following detailed description,
which may be best understood when read in connection with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an overall apparatus according to the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical, cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown
in FIG. 1, mounted in an engine block and taken along Line
2--2;
FIG. 3 is a vertical, cross-sectional view showing a body portion
of the nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 2 having a protective spray
tip cap according to the present invention and disposed within an
engine block;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the body portion shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a vertical, sectional view of a rod-like valve portion of
the overall assembly shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the valve portion shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an elevational view of a spring-pressure adjusting nut
shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 8 is a vertical, sectional view of a gasket shown in FIG. 2,
which may be used in combination with the overall assembly of the
present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the gasket shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the spray tip cap of the present
invention; and
FIGS. 11 and 12 show a split body feature of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in which like numerals are used to
indicate like parts throughout the various views thereof, FIGS. 1
and 2 show the overall assembly of the present invention mounted in
an engine block 1.
A nozzle body 10 is provided, having a spray tip 12 at a first
terminal end thereof. The body 10 may be of an elongated tubular
configuration, having at least one fuel spray passage 14 formed in
the spray tip 12 thereof. The hollow interior of the body 10 is
formed with a narrow, elongated chamber 16 (see FIG. 3) defined by
the cylindrical wall 18. The fuel spray passage 14 communicates the
ambient adjacent the outer surface of the spray tip 12 with the
internal chamber 16.
A second end 20 of the fuel injection nozzle body 10 is formed to
continue the internal channel 16 of the body 10, which channel 16
is enlarged in diameter throughout the second end 20 of the body
10. An internal shoulder 22, is defined at the location where the
chamber 16 changes in diameter from a smaller diameter in the first
portion of the body 10 to a larger diameter throughout the second
end of the body 10. The terminal-most portion of the chamber 16
adjacent the spray tip 12 of the body 10 may be of a conical
configuration, the apex of which cone defines the import end of the
fuel spray passage 14.
A rod-like pintle or valve member 24 is disposed within the chamber
16 and is provided with a longitudinal passage 26 for directing
fuel longitudinally throughout the interior length thereof. The
first end of the pintle or valve 24 may be formed with a conical
shape 28 corresponding with the conical configuration 19 of the
spray tip end of the chamber 16 so that an apex portion 30 of the
pintle 24 normally closes the fuel spray passage 14 to fuel
flow.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the diameter of the pintle 14 is greater
along the major length thereof than along the spray tip portion of
the first end thereof. The reduced diameter at the first end of the
pintle 24 defines an annular shoulder portion 32 on the pintle 24.
The internal fuel passage 26 branches into a plurality of outlets
communicating the internal passage 24 of the pintle with the
chamber 16 at a point adjacent the shoulder portion 32 of the
pintle. With this configuration, pressurized fuel traveling through
the fuel passage 26 and out through the branch passageways 34,
cause a buildup of pressure in the space defined by the annular
shoulder 32 of the pintle and the surface defining the conical end
19 of the chamber 16. The effect of this pressure buildup is to
urge the pintle apex 30 away from the fuel spray passageway 14, so
as to permit the pressurized fuel flow through the passageway 14
and to be sprayed into a surrounding internal combustion engine
chamber.
A second end 35 of the pintle 24 is provided with a necked-down
portion 36 having a generally radially extending fuel passageway 38
communicating the chamber 16 with the internal passageway 26 of the
pintle 24.
The body 10 is formed with a radially extending fuel inlet passage
61 disposed adjacent the necked-down portion 36 of the pintle,
which passageway 61 operates as the main fuel inlet passageway for
providing pressurized fuel to the chamber 16. The fuel passing
through the inlet passageway 61 passes along the external surface
40 of the pintle to build up pressure in the annular space between
the pintle shoulder 32 and the surface 19 of the chamber 16. The
fuel also flows through the radial inlet passageway 38 to the
interior passageway 26 to discharge from the pintle passageway 34
in order to further build up pressure in the aforementioned space.
The overall effect of the fluid passing through the center of and
around the pintle is to insure sufficient pressure buildup to urge
the pintle 24 into a fuel spray discharge position wherein the fuel
spray passageway 14 of the body 10 is opened for the dispersing of
fuel into an internal combustion engine chamber.
The widened portion of the chamber 16 of the valve body 10 is
operable to receive a spring 42 which may be of a helical type. The
internal longitudinal passageway 26 of the rod-like pintle 24 may
be formed with internal threading 44 at the second end thereof to
threadedly engage with threading 46 formed on a stud 50 extending
axially from a cylindrical disc 52 to fit radially within the
widened portion of the chamber 16 of the body 10. Due to this
configuration, the disc 52 may be easily attached to the second end
of the pintle 24, which disc then operates as a pressure plate for
transmitting the spring bias of the helical spring 42 to the pintle
24.
An external portion of the second end of the valve body 10 may be
formed with external threading 54, which threadedly engages with
internal threading 56 of a spring pressure adjusting nut 58. In
order to increase the pressure setting at which the pintle will be
raised by the fuel pressure in the space defined by the shoulder 32
and the conical surface 19 of the chamber 16, an operator need only
loosen or tighten the adjustment nut as desired. An additional
cylindrical fitting 60 may be formed to project axially from the
adjustment nut 58 and may be further formed with an axial
passageway 62 for venting fuel which has seeped around the marginal
edge of the pressure plate disc 52. As shown in FIG. 1, the fitting
16 may be formed with an axially extending groove across a diameter
thereof for receiving the blade of a screwdriver to facilitate the
adjusting of the spring pressure setting. Alternatively, the body
10 may be formed with internal grooves 57 for receiving a threaded
adjustment plug (not shown).
A clamping means 64 is provided and may be disposed between the
adjusting nut 58 and a fuel inlet fitting 59. The clamping means 64
may be provided with winged flanges 66 and 68, having apertures 70
and 72 formed therein for the reception of threaded fastening means
which may be utilized to secure the wing flanges 66 and 68 to the
outer surface of an internal combustion engine block.
The fuel inlet fitting member 59 may be provided with annular,
V-shaped grooves 74 for the reception of annular wedge-shaped
gaskets 76, shown in detail in FIGS. 8 and 9. The fuel inlet
fitting 59 is provided with a fuel passage defining projection 78
extending radially from the valve body 10 and formed with external
threads 80 thereon. A radially extending flange-like projection 82
may be formed externally on the projection 78 of the inlet fitting
to operate as a stop when a pressurized fuel supplying conduit is
threadedly engaged on the external threads 80 of the radially
extending projection 78 of the inlet fuel fitting 59. The terminal
free end of the projection 78 defines a bowl-shaped recess 84,
which facilitates the passage of pressurized fuel from a
pressurized fuel supply conduit (not shown) to the passageway 61 of
the fuel inlet fitting. The fuel inlet fitting may be threadedly
mounted on the body 10 to facilitate the removal thereof.
An additional conduit, e.g., a rubber hose, may be placed over the
fitting 60 of the adjustment nut 58 in order to direct fuel leakage
away from the second end of the fuel nozzle. Circumferentially
extending grooves 61 and 63 may be provided to insure a good
connection between the rubber conduit (not shown) and the fitting
60.
An external flange 100 is formed on the body 10 to extend radially
therefrom intermediate the terminal ends thereof. A spray tip
protective cap 102 is fit over the spray tip end of the nozzle body
10 to protect the nozzle tip against the extreme heat and the
adhering ingredients of the combustion chamber gases. The cap 102
is, itself, formed with an external flange 104 extending radially
therefrom. The spray tip end of the protective cap 102 is formed
with an arcuately extending inwardly and axially outwardly
extending annular surface 103 corresponding to the immediately
adjacent surface of the spray tip 12. The marginal edges 106 of the
protective cap 102 are tapered to present a knife edge and to
define a central aperture for the passage of fuel spray
therethrough. Due to the knife edge feature of the marginal edge
106, the profile of the overall fuel injection nozzle assembly tip
is of a smooth configuration which prevents buildup of carbonaceous
deposits.
In order to install a fuel injection nozzle according to the
present invention, the wing-like flanges 66 and 68 of the clamping
means 64 are secured to the outside of an internal combustion
engine block by threaded fastening means and the spray tip portion
of the overall assembly is inserted through a borehole formed in
the engine block. The diameter of the protective cap 102 is sized
to be small enough to fit into any standard engine block borehole,
and the radially extending flange 104 is sized to extend radially
far enough to be larger than any standard engine block borehole
used for mounting fuel injection nozzles. The body 10, having the
fuel inlet fitting 60, the clamping means 64, and the adjustment
nut 58 attached thereto, as well as the pintle 24 and the spring 42
retained therein, are inserted into the protective spray cap 102
and the entire assembly is inserted within an engine block borehole
(not shown) formed for receiving a fuel injection nozzle.
As the clamping means 64 is secured and tightened with respect to
the engine block, the flange 100 of the body 10 and the outer
surface of the engine block (not shown) impinges upon the radially
extending flange 104 of the protective cap 102, so as to hold the
protective cap 102 rigidly in an operational posture. The resilient
nature of the tapered marginal portions 106 of the spray cap tip
are such as to conform to the tip-most portion 12 of the valve
body. The radial extension of the flange 104 is such as to
completely close any space defined between the nozzle and the
marginal edges of the engine block defining the borehole.
An annular groove may be formed adjacent the flange 104 of the
protective cap 102 for the reception of an O-ring seal 108. The
annular groove 106, the O-ring seal 108, and the clamping
cooperation of the body flange 100 with the external surface of the
engine block, are operable to form an extremely effective seal to
prevent the passage of carbonaceous gases along the longitudinal
extension of the injection nozzle. If any gases should seep in
between the internal surface of the protective cap 102 and the
external surface of the body 10, the O-ring seal 106 is effective
to prevent the gases from seeping past the flange portions of the
cap and body 10.
ALTERNATIVE EMBODIMENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
FIGS. 11 and 12 show an alternative embodiment which further
facilitates the removal of the pintle 24 from within the body
10.
As can be seen, the body 10 is radially split to form two
components 10' and 10". The surfaces 3 and 5, defining the split,
may be flat or may be formed with tongue and groove means for
preventing the relative radial displacement of surface 3 with
respect to surface 5. Of course, the apex 30 of the pintle 24 and
the central position of the spray tip cap aperture defined by the
marginal edge 106 thereof, operate to maintain the proper radial
alignment of the body components 10' and 10" during the operation
of the assembly.
In order to remove the pintle 24 from within the body 10, the
clamping apparatus is dismounted and the assembly withdrawn from
the borehole. When the supporting effect of the spray tip cap 110
is removed from the lower body component 10", the component 10"
will fall away from the remaining portion of the body 10. Upon the
removal of the adjusting nut 58 (or internal plug within threads
57) and upon further removal of the spring 42, the pintle-like
valve 24 may be withdrawn from within the valve body 10 from either
axial end thereof. This then is a primary advantage of the present
invention.
OTHER ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
It can, therefore, be seen that an improved fuel injection nozzle
has been herein provided which is easier to install and maintain
than heretofore possible. In order to remove the entire fuel nozzle
assembly from within an engine block, one merely need remove the
threaded fastening means (not shown) from within the threaded
apertures 70 and 72 of the winged flanges 66 and 68 of the clamping
means 64. Upon removing these fastening means, the entire body 10
and the various fittings attached thereto, may be removed from
within the protective spray cap 102 if the cap should be
temporarily frozen in the borehole. Ordinarily, the removing of the
body 10 also permits the removal of the protective spray cap 102.
If it is desired to remove the pintle valve member 24, the spring
adjusting nut 58 may be threadedly disengaged from the external
threads 54 of the second end of the nozzle body 10. Upon the
removal of the nut 58, the spring 42 may be removed and the pintle
24 may likewise be removed. In this manner, the pintle may be
repaired or replaced without removing the overall assembly.
The spring pressure adjusting feature provided by the adjusting nut
58 permits one to vary the fuel pressure at which the fuel
injection nozzle operates, merely by a twist of a screwdriver
properly placed within the screwdriver recess 65 of the fitting
60.
The protective spray cap 102 prevents the accumulation of
carbonaceous deposits on the nozzle and further may act as somewhat
of a heat shield in preventing heat from being conducted from the
nozzle through the borehole of the engine block and into the
associated apparatus outside the engine block. The radially
extending flange 104 of the protective spray cap 102 is of such a
diameter to make the protective spray cap universally adpatable to
a variety of engine block borehole sizes. Likewise, the arcuate
nature of the spray tip terminal end of the protective spray cap is
adaptable to fit any radius of spray tip and a tight fit is insured
between the knife edges 106 of the spray cap 102 and the spray tip
of the nozzle body 10. This fit is insured despite the fact that
there may be a space 110 defined between the outer surface of the
valve body 10 and the inner surface of the protective spray cap
102. Therefore, a nozzle body of virtually any diameter may be used
in cooperation with the protective spray cap 102 so long as the
radial flange 100 of the valve body 10 overlaps a portion of the
radial flange 104 of the protective spray cap 102.
The radially extending flanges 104 and 100 of the protective spray
cap and the nozzle body, respectively, provide a gas barrier which
effectively prevents the passage of carbonaceous combustion gases
along the length of the nozzle and into the associated apparatus
located externally of the engine block.
Likewise, the O-ring seal 108 disposed within the annular groove
106 of the radial flange 104 of the protective spray cap 102 and
cooperating with one surface of the radial flange 100 of the nozzle
body 10, insures that carbonaceous combustion gases will not pass
between the nozzle body and the protective spray cap. Similarly,
the marginal knife edge 106 of the spray tip portion of the
protective spray cap 102 further reduces the likelihood of
carbonaceous gas seeping between the nozzle body 10 and the
protective spray cap 102.
Therefore, the assembly specified herein comprises a new
combination of elements which cooperate in a synergistic manner to
produce a new resulting function.
SCOPE OF THE INVENTION
While what has been described herein is a preferred embodiment of
the invention, it is, of course, understood that various
modifications and changes may be made therein without departing
from the present invention. It is, therefore, intended to cover in
the following claims all such modifications and changes as may fall
within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
* * * * *