U.S. patent number 3,717,078 [Application Number 05/130,749] was granted by the patent office on 1973-02-20 for pressure resistant underwater casing.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Shuichi Ogura.
United States Patent |
3,717,078 |
Ogura |
February 20, 1973 |
PRESSURE RESISTANT UNDERWATER CASING
Abstract
A housing or casing having a pressure balancing mechanism such
as a diaphragm or bellows is filled with a suitable fluid, such as
oil, to both prevent erosion and to permit the casing structure to
be immune to the effects of ambient pressure. The casing is
designed specifically to protect such devices as cameras used
underwater.
Inventors: |
Ogura; Shuichi (Tokyo,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
(Kanagawa, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
12248317 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/130,749 |
Filed: |
April 2, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 3, 1970 [JA] |
|
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45/28426 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
396/26 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03B
17/08 (20130101); B63C 11/52 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B63C
11/52 (20060101); G03B 17/08 (20060101); G03b
017/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;95/11 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Horan; John M.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. The combination of an underwater camera and casing for its
electrical power source and motor for use underwater comprising a
housing member for enclosing the electrical power source and
motor;
pressure balancing means regulating the interior pressure within
the housing member in accordance with the ambient pressure;
a non-corrosive fluid filling the housing member and covering the
electrical power source and motor;
electrical connectors connecting the electrical power source and
motor, and,
a shaft extending from the motor through the housing in operative
connection with the underwater camera whereby the electrical power
source and motor are protected from the water.
2. The combination of claim 1, where the pressure balancing means
is a flexible diaphragm.
3. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pressure
balancing means comprises a bellows member.
4. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluid is
oil.
5. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluid is
gelatin.
6. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluid is
silicone.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a casing structure used for
enclosing underwater devices such as an underwater camera and the
like.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Generally, the conventional casings for enclosing underwater
mechanisms such as underwater cameras, submarine robots,
oceanographical instruments, and the like, have, by necessity, been
provided with both water-proof means so that the mechanism will not
be damaged by sea water and a pressure resistant structure for
protecting the mechanism in the casing from the relatively high
pressure exerted by the water as a device is progressively used
further beneath the surface of the sea. As a result of these
requirements, the conventional casing structure has been both
complicated construction and costly to manufacture.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention solves the problems that existed in the prior
art in a simple and efficient manner, by providing an underwater
casing which does not require elaborate pressure resistance means
or water-proofing means. This is accomplished by combining in a
simple structure apparatus which jointly permits equalization of
the pressure, while preventing the eroding effects of sea water.
This is accomplished by filling the underwater casing with a fluid
that will have the same pressure as the surrounding sea water and
permitting the pressure within the casing structure to be
controlled to be always equal to that of the water pressure outside
the casing by providing pressure balancing means on the casing
wall. This removes the necessity for having a sturdy and bulky
structure as generally is required in the prior art. By filling the
underwater casing with a fluid, such as oil, the mechanism
contained within the underwater casing is prevented from being
damaged by the water.
The pressure balancing means utilized in the present invention can
be for instance, a flexible wall portion provided on the wall of
the casing structure. This flexible wall portion will be fluid
tight and prevent the leakage of the enclosed fluid while
permitting the equalization of the pressure in the fluid to that of
the water pressure outside the casing. By selecting the appropriate
fluid to fill the underwater casing, such as oil, the mechanism
will be preserved within the casing structure and thus, prevent it
from being damaged.
Fluids for filling the underwater casing can be, for example,
colloid of gel or sol, such a gelatin, as well as oil, and other
similar materials possessing the same characteristics.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the
following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of the
underwater casing in accordance with the present invention,
and,
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the
underwater casing in accordance with the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, a closed underwater container 1 is provided
with a diaphragm 2 as a part of its top wall. The closed container
1 is filled with a fluid, such as liquid paraffin 3. The underwater
casing structure can maintain its fluid tight relationship with the
liquid paraffin 3 without resorting to excessive bulky structure
due to the ability of the casing to balance the pressure on the
inside of the casing with the pressure on the outside of the casing
by virtue of the diaphragm 2.
In the particular embodiment disclosed in FIG. 1, an underwater
camera 7 is connected through a driving shaft 6 with a motor 4. The
motor 4 is driven by an electric cell 5. The electric cell 5, its
electrical connections and the motor 4 along with a portion of the
shaft 6, is enclosed within the underwater casing. The underwater
camera 7 has its own fluid tight structure, but a possible
modification would permit the underwater camera 7 to be positioned
within the underwater casing 1. The liquid paraffin 3 protects
those parts of the underwater camera system that are most
susceptible to damage by the sea water. The clearance or bore
between the underwater casing 1 and the shaft 6 is sealed to
prevent the introduction of sea water into the interior of the
underwater casing 1. As one of the advantages of the present
invention, the seal employed can be of a relatively simple
structure, since there will be no marked difference in pressure
between the outside and the inside of the underwater casing 1.
In operation, the diaphragm 2 maintains the pressure within the
underwater casing 1 equal to the water pressure outside the
underwater casing 1. Thus, by an extremely simple construction, the
pressure resistant means and the water-proofing means utilized in a
conventional underwater casing is eliminated. It is clear that
other accessories of a camera, or similar devices, could be
enclosed within the underwater casing, such as a flashlight device
or a strobe.
Actual experiments were conducted on the present invention and
produced the following data, which disclosed that a motor and
battery protected by the underwater casing of the present invention
were not damaged over an extended period of time:
INFLUENCE ON ELECTRIC PARTS BY IMMERSION (LIGHT OIL)
MOTOR Maker Copal Japan Micromotor Type 12 D 22-76 CL-2A-1
Reduction Device None Equipped Number of rotation 7,600rpm 1.37rpm
&Rated Voltage (motor shaft) (terminal output shaft) 9 V 7.5 V
Brush Silver(90%) Metal(special) containing brush Metal brush Oil
immersion driving test Repeated Starting Good Good Test(100 times)
Continuous 40 hrs. Good Good Test
BATTERY(DRY CELL) Maker & Kind Mercury Cell Dry Cell of Cell
Matsushita Matsushita Elec. Elec. Model No. Matsushita Matsushita
(M-1U) (UM-3D) Rated Voltage 7.8V(1.3V.times.6) 9V(1.5V.times.6)
No-load Voltage 8V 8.2V
variation in Voltage when the motor is driven (I=22mA)
After 1 hour 7.9V 7.7V 2 hours 7.9V 7.7V 3 hours 7.9V 7.7V 4 hours
7.9V 7.7V In the above experiments, the output shaft is subject to
1 Kgem load.
In the second embodiment disclosed in FIG. 2, the underwater casing
1 is provided with a bellows 20 instead of the diaphragm 2 employed
in the first embodiment. The function of the bellows is the same as
that of the diaphragm 2 utilized in the embodiment of FIG. 1. The
reference numeral 40 of FIG. 2 is indicative of any underwater
instrument that needs to be protected when submerged.
Various fluids can be employed to fill the underwater casing 1,
such as, diphenyl chloride, kerosene, light oil, silicone oil,
machine oil, heavy oil, and other similar fluids having the same or
similar properties. In those cases where the camera body is located
outside the underwater casing 1, the fluid utilized within the
underwater casing 1 need not be transparent and accordingly, it is
possible to use a gel like gelatin to fill the underwater casing
1.
Thus, the present invention as described above, provides a pressure
balancing means on the wall of the underwater casing structure,
which permits the pressure within the underwater casing to be
maintained at a pressure equal to that of the water pressure
outside of the underwater casing. Consequently, the pressure
resistant means generally employed in a conventional underwater
casing, and further, the water-proofing means required in an
underwater instrument casing, can be eliminated. The present casing
for underwater instruments, such as cameras, can be made extremely
simple in construction and accordingly, in an economical
manner.
Since various modifications could be made by skilled craftsman
within the concepts of the present invention, the present invention
should be measured in accordance with the following claims in which
I claim;
* * * * *