U.S. patent number 3,716,248 [Application Number 05/059,207] was granted by the patent office on 1973-02-13 for tension adjustable releasable ski binding and method.
Invention is credited to Philip K. Wiley.
United States Patent |
3,716,248 |
Wiley |
February 13, 1973 |
TENSION ADJUSTABLE RELEASABLE SKI BINDING AND METHOD
Abstract
The present invention relates to releasable ski bindings for
retaining boots to skis during normal skiing and releasing the
boots from the skis under abnormal conditions. Forward and rear
boot mounts cooperate with forward and rear ski mounts through a
multiple action toggle at the rear ski mount to permit lateral heel
release from beneath the toggle against the forward resilient force
but heel roll out and vertical release are enabled through toggling
of the toggle means upwardly and backwardly. Momentum or
decelerating release is facilitated through telescoping the forward
boot mount into the forward ski mount against the resilient
force.
Inventors: |
Wiley; Philip K. (Traverse
City, MI) |
Family
ID: |
22021489 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/059,207 |
Filed: |
July 29, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/627;
280/618 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63C
9/08535 (20130101); A63C 9/08564 (20130101); A63C
9/0847 (20130101); A63C 9/0846 (20130101); A63C
9/0841 (20130101); A63C 9/086 (20130101); A63C
9/08 (20130101); A63C 9/0805 (20130101); A63C
9/0848 (20130101); A63C 9/005 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63C
9/086 (20060101); A63C 9/08 (20060101); A63c
009/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/11.35T |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Friaglia; Leo
Assistant Examiner: Song; Robert R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A releasable ski binding for retaining a boot to a ski during
normal skiing and releasing the boot from the ski under abnormal
conditions of a type including a forward ski mount normally in
engagement with a forward boot mount and exerting a rearwardly
directed biasing force at least during release, the combination
comprising rear ski mount means, rear boot mount means for normal
engagement with the rear ski mount means; said rear ski and boot
mount means respectively comprising first surfaces in engagement
and at least retained against disengagement by the rearwardly
directed biasing force of the forward ski mount to prevent lateral
shear release of the rear boot mount means, biasing means at the
rear ski mount means, said first surfaces being complementary,
extending substantially vertical relative to the ski, oriented
generally transversely thereof and angularly related to a midline
of the rear ski mount means, and said rear ski and boot mount means
comprising respectively second surfaces in predetermined abutting
relation and at least retained against disengagement by the biasing
means of the rear ski mount means to prevent other modes of rear
boot mount means release.
2. The ski binding of claim 1 wherein the second surfaces are
oriented generally parallel to the ski and comprise substantially
horizontal surfaces, including an overlap region.
3. A releasable ski binding for retaining a boot to a ski during
normal skiing and releasing the boot from the ski under abnormal
conditions of a type including a forward ski mount normally in
engagement with a forward boot mount and exerting a rearwardly
directed biasing force at least during release, the combination
comprising rear ski mount means, rear boot mount means for normal
engagement with the rear ski mount means; said rear ski and boot
mount means respectively comprising first surfaces in engagement
and at least retained against disengagement by the rearwardly
directed biasing force of the forward ski mount to prevent lateral
shear release of the rear boot mount means, biasing means at the
rear ski mount means, said rear ski and boot mount means comprising
respectively second surfaces in predetermined abutting relation and
at least retained against disengagement by the biasing means of the
rear ski mount means to prevent other modes of rear boot mount
means release, toggle means incorporating the respective second
surface of the rear ski mount means, and said toggle means being
adapted to be moved during modes of rear boot mount means release
other than lateral shear release.
4. A releasable ski binding for retaining a boot to a ski during
normal skiing and releasing the boot from the ski under abnormal
conditions of a type including a forward ski mount normally in
engagement with a forward boot mount and exerting a rearwardly
directed biasing force at least during release, the combination
comprising rear ski mount means, rear boot mount means for normal
engagement with the rear ski mount means; said rear ski and boot
mount means respectively comprising first surfaces in engagement
and at least retained against disengagement by the rearwardly
directed biasing force of the forward ski mount to prevent lateral
shear release of the rear boot mount means, biasing means at the
rear ski mount means, said rear ski and boot mount means comprising
respectively second surfaces in predetermined abutting relation and
at least retained against disengagement by the biasing means of the
rear ski mount means to prevent other modes of rear boot mount
means release, said rear ski mount means comprising a second
surface actually comprises a toggle member pivotally connected to
the rear ski mount means for arc-like movement relative to the ski,
and said toggle member further comprising a guideway generally
directed at a forward slope toward the ski to guide the rear boot
mount means into the ski binding.
5. A releasable ski binding for retaining a boot to a ski during
normal skiing and releasing the boot from the ski under abnormal
conditions of a type including a forward ski mount normally in
engagement with a forward boot mount and exerting a rearwardly
directed biasing force at least during release, the combination
comprising rear ski mount means, rear boot mount means for normal
engagement with the rear ski mount means; said rear ski and boot
mount means respectively comprising first surfaces in engagement
and at least retained against disengagement by the rearwardly
directed biasing force of the forward ski mount to prevent lateral
shear release of the rear boot mount means, biasing means at the
rear ski mount means, said rear ski and boot mount means comprising
respectively second surfaces in predetermined abutting relation and
at least retained against disengagement by the biasing means of the
rear ski mount means to prevent other modes of rear boot mount
means release, a toggle incorporating the second surface of said
rear ski mount means, said biasing means of the rear ski mount
means opposing pivotal movement of the toggle in at least one
direction; and further comprising camming means effective to
relieve a portion of the biasing means force to permit freer
movement of the toggle in said one direction to facilitate entry
into the ski binding.
6. A releasable ski binding for retaining a boot to a ski during
normal skiing and releasing the boot from the ski under abnormal
conditions of the type including a forward ski mount normally
exerting a rearwardly directed biasing force against a forward boot
mount, the combination comprising rear ski mount means, rear boot
mount means for normal engagement with the rear ski mount means;
said rear ski and boot mount means respectively comprising first
complementary surfaces biased into engagement, at least during
release, by the rearwardly directed biasing force of the forward
ski mount normally to prevent rear boot mount means forward
disengagement and/or lateral shear release; biasing means at the
rear ski mount means; said rear ski and boot mount means comprising
respectively second surfaces normally maintained in engagement by
the biasing means of the rear ski mount means to prevent other
modes of release of the rear boot mount means; and said rear ski
mount means comprising toggle means incorporating the second
surface of the rear ski mount means adapted to be raised against
the force of the biasing means of the rear ski mount means during
said other modes of release.
7. The binding of claim 6 wherein said forward ski mount comprises
ball means biased rearwardly of the ski and ball supporting means;
said forward boot mount comprises an extension for gripping the
ball means at least along a portion of its top surface; and said
ball supporting means being open to receive said extension in a
telescoping manner when the forward boot mount is thrust
forwardly.
8. A releasable ski binding for releasing a skier's boot from a ski
at a predetermined release pressure, comprising in combination
spaced apart forward and rear ski mounts, forward and rear boot
mounts cooperating with the forward and rear ski mounts in
retaining the boot to the ski and in releasing the boot from the
ski, said rear boot mount and said rear ski mount comprising
releasably engageable means, said rear ski mount including movable
biasing means comprising spring means and toggle means for normally
preventing both singly, and in combination, vertical or roll out
disengagement of said engageable means, said forward boot mount
comprising coacting means, said forward ski mount comprising means
for engaging said coacting means, said forward ski mount comprising
biasing means for biasing said means for engaging into contact with
said coacting means, one of said coacting means and means for
engaging having extending means for engagement with the other
thereof to locate the boot toe and forward boot mount out of
contact with the ski and out of further contact with the forward
ski mount; and said forward ski mount biasing means maintaining the
normal engagement of said releasably engageable means whereby
lateral or forward disengagement of the rear boot mount from the
rear ski mount is attained by overcoming the biasing force of said
forward ski mount biasing means.
9. A releasable ski binding for releasing a skier's boot from a ski
at a predetermined release pressure, comprising in combination
spaced apart forward and rear ski mounts, forward and rear boot
mounts cooperating with the forward and rear ski mounts in
retaining the boot to the ski and in releasing the boot from the
ski, said rear boot mount and said rear ski mount respectively
including cooperating releasably engageable shaped mating surfaces
extending generally vertically of the ski, and including portions
on opposite sides of the midline of the rear ski mount that extend
generally laterally outwards and forwardly thereof, said rear ski
mount further including movable latching means for engaging said
rear boot mount and biased to normally prevent both singly and in
combination, vertical or roll out disengagement of said mating
surfaces, said forward boot mount comprising coacting means, said
forward ski mount comprising means for engaging said coacting
means, said forward ski mount comprising biasing means for biasing
said means for engaging into contact with said coacting means, one
of said coacting means and means for engaging having extending
means for engagement with the other thereof to locate the boot toe
and forward boot mount out of contact with the ski and out of
further contact with the forward ski mount, said forward ski mount
biasing means maintaining the normal engagement of said releasably
engageable means whereby lateral or forward disengagement of the
rear boot mount from the rear ski mount is attained by overcoming
the biasing force of said forward ski mount biasing means, said
coacting means having extending means for engagement with said
means for engaging to locate the boot toe and forward boot mount
out of contact with the ski and out of further contact with said
forward ski mount, said forward ski mount biasing means maintaining
the normal engagement of said mating surfaces whereby lateral or
forward disengagement of the rear boot mount from the rear ski
mount is attained by overcoming the biasing force of said forward
ski mount biasing means, said forward ski mount including a housing
movably accommodating said means for engaging and said housing
having a recess accommodating at least partial entry of said
extending means when said means for engaging are retracted in the
direction of the forward ski mount means against the force of the
biasing means of the forward ski mount during rear boot mount
releases not requiring movement of said movable biasing means.
10. A releasable ski binding for releasing a skier's boot from a
ski at a predetermined release pressure, comprising in combination
spaced apart forward and rear ski mounts, forward and rear boot
mounts, cooperating with the forward and rear ski mounts in
retaining the boot to the ski and in releasing the boot from the
ski, said rear boot mount comprising a shaped heel plate member
including a base portion for attachment to the undersurface of the
heel of a boot and an upstanding rear wall-forming extension
including rearwardly facing converging vertical outer wall surfaces
meeting at a vertical apex surface at the longitudinal midline of
the base, at least the rearmost portions of said extension having
horizontal upper surfaces, said rear ski mount including a housing
including a top wall, opposite depending side wall portions, a
depending rear wall portion and a partial vertical front wall
portion extending upwardly from and between the lower portions of
said side wall portions and terminating in an upper edge so as to
delimit a front opening in the housing beneath said top wall, said
partial vertical front wall portion having forwardly facing
diverging outer wall surfaces to mate with said converging outer
wall surfaces of said rear wall forming extension of said heel
plate member, said top wall having an open ended slot therein
extending rearwardly from the front of said housing, said depending
rear wall portion having an opening therein, a shaped rear boot
mount latching member, horizontally disposed pivot means for
supporting said member, said pivot means being disposed between
said side wall forming rearwardly of said partial front wall
portion of said housing and below said upper edge thereof, said
latching member having a rear thrust rod accommodating surface and
a forwardly extending upper nose portion, said nose portion
protruding through said front opening of said housing, said nose
portion having a flat under surface adapted in ski binding
condition to overlap said horizontal upper surfaces of said
upstanding rear wall-forming extension of said heel plate member, a
thrust rod disposed through the opening in the rear wall portion of
said housing and rotatably engaging said rear thrust rod
accommodating surface of said latching member, said thrust rod
having an externally threaded portion thereon, a thrust nut
adjustably engaged on said externally threaded portion, key means
carried by said thrust nut and disposed in said slot in said top
wall of said housing to constrain said thrust nut for axial
movement along said thrust rod responsive to turning thereof,
spring means biased between said thrust nut and said rear wall
portion of said housing to urge said thrust member and thus said
latching member forwardly into heel plate extension engaging
relation to normally prevent both singly and in combination,
vertical or roll out disengagement of said converging and diverging
mating vertical wall surfaces, means for turning said thrust rod to
adjustably position said thrust receiving nut therealong to vary
the biasing force of said spring, means cooperably related with
said thrust rod for retracting the same against the action of said
spring means to swing said latch member rearwardly to disengage
said heel plate extension, the upper surface of said nose portion
of said latching member having a downward and forwardly extending
guideway therein to permit step-in entry of a ski boot with said
rearward extension of said heel plate engaging said guideway to
pivot the same rearwardly to move the under surface of said nose
portion upwardly to permit said rearward extension of said heel
plate to fit therebeneath, said forward boot mount including a
shaped toe plate having a base and an upstanding front wall
portion, said front wall portion having a projection extending
forwardly thereof, said projection including a rearward
thrust-applying member accommodating surface and an upper nose
portion extending forwardly of said thrust-applying member
accommodating surface, said upper nose portion having a shaped
under surface to receive a component of thrust exerted rearwardly
and upwardly by such a thrust-applying member, said forward ski
mount comprising a housing means including a top wall having a slot
therein in at least a portion intermediate the longitudinal extent
thereof, said top wall also having a recess at the rear end thereof
accommodating at least partial entry of said upper nose portion of
said projection of said front wall portion of said toe plate, a
thrust-applying member movably disposed in said housing, means at
the rear end of said housing permitting said thrust-applying member
to project therefrom but omitting the rearward movement thereof, a
turnable rod within said housing extending longitudinally
rearwardly therein and having an externally threaded portion, a
thrust receiving nut threaded on said rod, key means on said nut
and engaged in said slot in said top wall of said forward ski mount
housing to constrain said thrust receiving nut for axial movement
along said rod responsive to turning thereof, means for turning
said rod to adjustably position said thrust receiving nut
therealong, a head on said rod for engaging said thrust-applying
member, an abutment means at the forward end of said housing, a
spring means biased between said abutment means and said thrust nut
for normally urging said rod and head rearwardly to urge said
thrust-applying member rearwardly of said housing into engaging
relation with said thrust-applying member accommodating surface of
said projection of said toe plate as well as engagement with said
under surface of said nose portion of said projection to normally
maintain a boot toe and said toe plate out of contact with the ski
and out of further contact with said forward ski mount, said spring
means in said forward ski mount housing maintaining normal
engagement of said respective converging and diverging mating
vertical wall surfaces of said heel plate and rear ski mount
respectively whereby lateral or forward disengagement of the rear
boot mount from the rear ski mount is attained by overcoming the
biasing force of said spring means in said forward ski mount
housing, and said recess at the rear end of the top wall of said
forward ski mount housing accommodating at least partial entry of
said upper nose portion of said forward projection of said front
wall portion of said toe plate when said thrust-applying member is
retracted in the forward direction of the ski against the biasing
force of said last mentioned spring means in rear mount releases
not requiring movement of said latching member of said rear
ski mount. 20. A releasable ski binding for releasing a skier's
boot from a ski at a predetermined release pressure, comprising in
combination spaced apart forward and rear ski mounts, forward and
rear boot mounts cooperating with the forward and rear ski mounts
in retaining the boot to the ski and in releasing the boot from the
ski, said rear boot mount and said rear ski mount respectively
including cooperating releasably engagable shaped mating surfaces
extending generally vertically of the ski, and including portions
on opposite sides of the midline of the rear ski mount that extend
generally laterally outwards and forwardly thereof, said rear ski
mount further including movable latching means for engaging said
rear boot mount and biased to normally prevent both singly and in
combination, vertical or roll out disengagement of said mating
surfaces, said rear boot mount having upper surfaces oriented
generally parallel to the ski, said latching means of said rear ski
mount comprising a shaped body member pivotally supported for
swinging movement about an axis extending transverse of the ski and
located below said upper surfaces of said rear boot mount when the
boot is engaged in said rear ski mount, said body member having a
surface above and extending forwardly of said axis in ski binding
position for overlying said upper surfaces of said rear boot mount,
spring means cooperably related and normally urging said body
member toward said rear boot mount to engage said surface thereof
over said upper surfaces of said rear boot mount, said body member
including an upper guideway inclined downwardly and forwardly of
the longitudinal axis of the ski and located above the axis about
which said body member pivots to permit step-in entry of the ski
boot into said rear ski boot mounting, said forward boot mount
comprising coacting means, said forward ski mount comprising means
for engaging said coacting means, said forward ski mount comprising
biasing means for biasing said means for engaging into contact with
said coacting means, one of said coacting means and means for
engaging having extending means for engagement with the other
thereof to locate the boot toe and forward boot mount out of
contact with the ski and out of further contact with the forward
ski mount; and said forward ski mount biasing means maintaining the
normal engagement of said releasably engageable means whereby
lateral or forward disengagement of the rear boot mount from the
rear ski mount is attained by overcoming the biasing force of said
forward ski mount biasing means.
Description
The present invention relates to a unique heel release and to such
a release in combination with a toe release of a type capable of
developing a rearwardly effective biasing force at least during
release or in combination with a unique type of telescoping toe
release.
The heel release comprises a rear ski mount which includes a first
surface preferably complementary to a first surface of the rear
boot mount. These surfaces generally extend transversely of the ski
and vertically engage each other. They may be merely maintained in
contact by a close fit between the respective mounts or actually
biased into contact through the force of the forward spring biasing
means of the forward ski mount acting against the forward boot
mount. These surfaces are preferably angularly related to the
midline of the ski such that some forward movement is required for
a direct lateral heel release.
The rear boot and rear ski mount provide, respectively a second set
of surfaces for contact which control the other types of heel
release, i.e., roll out and vertical. These surfaces are generally
parallel to the ski and normally extend horizontally with some
overlap. The surface of the rear ski mount is incorporated in a
toggle which may be moved against a resilient biasing spring of the
rear ski mount to relieve the overlap to permit the vertical and
roll out heel releases. In this regard the term toggle is meant to
denote a movable body effective to normally latch the rear ski boot
mount against vertical displacement.
In a preferred embodiment, the cooperating forward ski mount is
recessed or relieved such that the forward boot mount may actually
enter or at least partially enter, in a telescoping manner, the
forward ski mount, particularly in the case of a momentum or
decelerating type fall to insure that the overlap at the heel is
completely relieved.
In the above combination, a feature of the invention resides in the
fact that the forward boot mount may be supported by the forward
ski mount to maintain a slight gap between the toe of the boot and
the ski. The rear ski mount includes a pair of widely spaced apart
point or area contacts defining a line or plane which cooperates
with the forward point contact fixedly to locate the boot relative
to the ski. These two point contacts also serve as bearing surfaces
for the rear boot mount in rolling off of the ski.
With the foregoing in mind, among the objects of the invention are
the provision of a multi-angle release binding including a momentum
or deceleration provision for release.
Another object is apparatus providing for a reduction of friction
build up affecting release levels, with such causes of friction
build up being due to body attitudes assumed during falling. Also,
icing, freezing, restriction from particulate matter (sand) may
comprise causes for frictional build up.
Next, the apparatus has as an object the provision of a binding in
which the pressures required for various release mounts are more
properly related to each other than is generally now found in
present state of the art developments.
A further object is the provision of a binding that is easy to
enter and exit from voluntarily.
Another object is the provision of apparatus for relating lateral
toe and heel release requirements to the same biasing force and for
relating vertical toe and heel releases to different biasing
forces.
Yet further objects include a new heel release, per se, and in
combination with a new telescoping toe release, per se.
The invention will better be understood from a reading of the
following detailed description thereof, when taken in the light of
the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of the preferred embodiment of
the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view in side elevation of a different embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view illustrating a portion of forward
mounting means in cooperative relation and representative of the
prior art;
FIG. 4 is a view in cross-section of the forward ski mounting
assembly;
FIG. 5 is a view in perspective of the forward or toe boot mounting
structure;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a view in side elevation of structure corresponding to
that of FIG. 5 but including a modification for use in the mounting
arrangement of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a view in perspective of the boot heel mounting means
taken from the top thereof;
FIG. 9 is a view in perspective of the boot heel mounting means
taken from the bottom thereof;
FIG. 10 is a front perspective view of the rear ski mounting
means;
FIG. 11 is a rear perspective view of the rear ski mounting
means;
FIG. 12 is a view in cross-section of the structure of FIGS. 10 and
11;
FIG. 13 is a view in side elevation of the lower portion of the
rear ski mounting means;
FIG. 14 is a view in plan of the structure of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a view in plan showing the upper portion of the rear of
the ski mounting means assembled to the lower portion thereof;
FIG. 16 is a rear view of the toggle component of the rear ski
mounting means of FIGS. 10 and 11.
In FIG. 1 a ski boot 11 is shown in phantom outline between a
forward ski mount assembly 13 and a rear ski mount assembly 15. The
boot 11 is releasably connected to the forward ski mount assembly
13 through the provision of a forward or boot toe plate assembly 17
and to the rear ski assembly 15 by rear boot or heel plate assembly
19. The forward and rear boot attachments are screwed or otherwise
connected to or made integrally with the boot 11.
However, in FIG. 2 an alternative arrangement permits the same ski
assemblies 13 and 15 to receive a boot 11' equipped with a full
length plate 21 which carries a forward boot or toe assembly 17'
quite similar to the assembly 17 and a rear boot assembly 19' also
similar to the assembly 19. However, the plate is clamped or
attached to the boot 11' by the heel cable 23 in cooperation with
the forward toe rim 25 in releasably securing the plate 21 to the
boot 11' . Alternatively, of course, the plate 21 can be screwed to
the boot 11' but such permanent type connection is awkward for the
skier when walking. When using the heel cable 23 approach, the
skier may leave plate 21 attached to the ski and exit by releasing
heel cable 23 and slipping his toe from beneath rim 25.
It should also be pointed out that two gaps or spaces provide
desirable functional features for the invention. The first is the
space 25 between the bottom of the toe plate assembly 17 and the
top of the forward mount assembly 13 or ski 9. The gap insures that
the forward end of the boot 11 or 11' remains slightly out of
contact with the toe mounting plate 29, as occasioned by the
upwardly urging force of the biased ball 31 of forward ski assembly
13 to minimize friction between the boot and ski for ready
release.
The other gap is the slight longitudinal spacing between the ski
mounting structure for ball 31 and toe assembly 17 or 17'. Momentum
or decelerating release is facilitated through telescoping the
forward boot mount assembly 17 or 17' into the forward ski mount
13, and this longitudinal gap is provided to initiate heel release
with very little penetration required. Recessed portion 32 is
adjacent a slot (not shown) to provide a pivot connection for the
tip of the skier's pole when he desires to exert upward pressure
against ball 31 voluntarily to exit from the skis.
In FIG. 3 there is shown a forward toe-ski mount connecting
assembly wherein the forward boot extension 41 includes a
semi-recess 42 into which the forward ball 43 is biased from the
tube 44. Flange 45 extends forwardly from recess 42 to permit the
forward end of the boot to be biased upwardly by ball 43 to
maintain a space, similar to space 25 mentioned in connection with
FIGS. 1 and 2. Actually this space or gap, being of a minimal
nature, is closed from time to time due to the weight of the skier,
vertical momentum, etc. However, if should be noted that the rim 46
is not cut out to permit the toe attachment to telescope into tube
44.
Such relieving is found in the tube 50 of assembly 13 of the
present invention, as is best seen in FIG. 4 at 51. This is the
open-ended slot which receives the head 55 (FIGS. 5 and 6) of the
toe assembly 17. Also, in these figures, the socket 57 of the
forward toe assembly is clearly visible and the plate portion 59 is
seen provided with the apertures, such as 61, for receiving screws
to fasten the assembly 17 to the boot. Aperture 63 of the toe
assembly is provided to receive the safety cord or thong 65 (FIG.
1) which carries a stud 67 that is longitudinally slipped through
hole 63 and then turned at right angles thereto. This thong
prevents the ski from escaping from the skier in the event of
disconnection of the mounting means. Obviously, the same principles
may obtain whether or not the assembly 17, as well as the heel
assembly 19, are formed integrally with the boot or attached
thereto and it is intended that the present invention encompass
both arrangements.
In FIG. 7 there is shown the modified assembly 17' in closer detail
to show the manner of accommodating the plate 21 at the toe by
gripping the boot sole 71 between the horizontal surface of the
plate 21 and a horizontal spur or rim 73. The rim 73 preferably is
slightly arcuate to conform to the wall across the toe of the boot.
This arrangement may also be employed with the toe assembly 17 of
FIG. 1, but it is not necessary.
In the cross section of FIG. 4, the biasing arrangement for the
forward ski mount 13 is depicted. The plate 29 carries an upriser
30 which is slotted from the top in circular form to permit less
than one-half of the ball 31 to protrude therethrough. In other
words, the semi-aperture of upriser 30 sets the rearward (toward
the skier) limitation of movement of ball 31 due to the resilient
force of spring 77 urging the keyed nut 79 and consequently spring
rod 81 carrying ball cup 83 to the right in FIG. 4.
The forward portion of mount 13 comprises U-shaped plate 85 which
includes a rear upriser plate 87 having a communicating
semi-aperture with the aperture of upriser 30. However, the upriser
of aperture 87 is large enough to permit the diameter of ball 31 to
pass therethrough. Thus, this combined structure provides a ready
seat or locating means for ball 31 without the necessity of
complicated machining. Obviously plates 85 and 29 could be from the
same piece of material and the ball socket machined therefrom.
The resistance of ball 31 to forces endeavoring to push it back
into the tube 50 is adjustable by rotating knob 91 which is pinned
to shaft 81 by pin 93 and which is spaced from tube 50 by
expandable-compressible material 95, such as sponge or rubber.
Thus, rotation of knob 91 in one direction compresses spring 77
because the upper projection 97 of threaded nut 79 rides in slot
99. Contrariwise, rotation of knob 91 in the opposite direction
relieves some of the compression of spring 77.
The opposite end of the boot 11 is equipped with the heel plate
assembly 19 which includes a flat plate portion 101 for attachment
to the heel of boot 11 by screws 102 and a generally arcuate and
beveled rear extension 103.
Extension 103 of the heel assembly 19 is adapted to cooperate with
the rear ski boot assembly 15, best seen in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12. A
heel case 113 which may comprise a steel stamping, preferably
cadmium coated, comprises basically upper housing 113 (FIG. 15) and
lower mounting plate 115. The mounting plate 115 is adjustably
connected to the ski by coarse adjustment screws 117 and includes
uprisers 119 and 121 which are externally serrated, as at 121a
along their outer surfaces to frictionally receive corresponding
serrations on the respective inner surfaces of housing 113. Nuts,
such as 123, are welded within the uprisers to receive bolts 135,
adjustably positionable in slots 137, for fine longitudinal
adjustment.
The rear ski mount plate 115 is in two pieces and includes
forwardly extending legs 137 and 139 with raised bearing surfaces
140 and 141.
The housing 113 includes a pivot pin 143 which passes through an
aperture 145 in toggle 147. The toggle 147 may move along a limited
arc path extending vertically upward and rearward or vice versa,
relative to the ski, in the vicinity of the mouth 151 of the
housing 113. A threaded spring rod 155 includes a circular head 157
(FIG. 12) adapted to fit into a beveled circular recess 159 in
toggle 147. A keyed nut 161 may be caused to travel longitudinally
of the threaded spring rod 155 because the key 163 travels in upper
slot 165 of housing 113 when threaded spring rod 155 is turned. The
rear biasing spring 169 is carried inside housing 113 on shaft 155,
and a toggle vertical adjusting nut 171 may draw more or less of
threaded spring rod 155 externally of housing 113 which compresses
or relieves the tension of spring 159, but primarily it is moved to
control the forward extension of head 157 of rod 155, thereby
limiting the vertical elevation of toggle 147. A locking pin 181 is
provided for nut 171, and it may extend through the nut from any
face to its opposite face and is contained in slot 183. This pin
181 provides a pivot for camming lever 185 which is provided to
draw the threaded bolt 155 to the rear when it is pivoted into the
horizontal or longitudinal position. This draws head 157 away from
beveled recess 159 to permit toggle 147 to raise its contacting
surface 191 sufficiently to enable the beveled plate extension 103
of the rear boot mounting means 19 to be freely or easily slipped
therebeneath.
This feature is particularly useful when ice forms on the ski or
the heel boot plate as it permits leeway to enable the extension
103 to be located under surface 191 of toggle 147.
Normally, in the absence of ice, the skier in entering the mount
simply locates the forward assemblies in engaging relation and
places his weight on his heels which causes the extension 103 of
the rear boot mount assembly 19 to slide downwardly along the
camming surface 201 of toggle 147. This surface can toggle against
spring 169 rearwardly and can toggle upwardly until its surface 191
accommodates and abuts the upper edge 203 of extension 103.
When in mounted position, the rear extension 103 is also in contact
with the vertical and preferably slightly inwardly shaped surface
205 of the upper housing 113.
Thus, it may be seen that rearward vertical surfaces of extension
103 are preferably substantially complementary to the vertical
surfaces 205, and this mating arrangement prevents lateral
displacement of the heel until the requisite time. When the fall or
unbalancing forces are such that the skiers heel is twisted
laterally, the forward spring 77 is compressed and extension 103
may move out laterally. Of course, it should be borne in mind that
extension 103 may move out vertically or may roll out depending
upon the type forces active on the skier and the engaging and
camming surfaces just described uniquely enable the universal exit
provided by this binding.
In use, the tensions of both the forward and rear springs are
adjusted according to the individual's weight. Predetermined tables
may be used, in conjunction with a spring pressure gauge or the
following rules may be followed:
1. a snug fit is required between the skier with his attachments
relative to the ski mounts, and this fitting is initially adjusted
by longitudinally moving either or both of the ski mounts and,
then, firming the tension through adjustments of the springs;
2. the forward spring is adjusted to maintain the two minimal gaps
described; and,
3. the rear spring is adjusted to permit entry by heel weight but
refuse release by the skier in attempting to jump vertically with
emphasis at the heel or to twist or roll out at the heel.
Thus, it may now be appreciated that in the subject invention,
lateral and momentum heel release are resisted by toe spring
pressure and vertical and roll out heel release are resisted by
heel spring pressure. Roll out heel release is affected to a minor
degree by the toe spring.
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