U.S. patent number 3,713,356 [Application Number 05/107,035] was granted by the patent office on 1973-01-30 for socket release mechanism for wrenches and the like.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Snap-On Tools Corporation. Invention is credited to Raymond G. Knudsen.
United States Patent |
3,713,356 |
Knudsen |
January 30, 1973 |
SOCKET RELEASE MECHANISM FOR WRENCHES AND THE LIKE
Abstract
The invention concerns itself with an improvement in release
mechanisms for wrench sockets which are detachably connected to a
turning shank such as but not limited to a ratchet driven shank by
a spring impelled detent. The spring impelled detent is readily
adapted to frictionally hold and retain wrench sockets to a turning
shank, but it usually involves the use of two hands to remove such
sockets from turning shanks equipped with spring impelled detents,
and to obviate this requirement and to afford the ready release of
the sockets from their turning shanks with one hand manipulation,
and elongated displaceable and combined detent positioning and
release member is provided in the turning shank that is simple and
serves as a detent camming element cooperating with the detent to
displace it relative to the socket recess responsive to finger
longitudinal displacement thereof.
Inventors: |
Knudsen; Raymond G. (Kenosha,
WI) |
Assignee: |
Snap-On Tools Corporation
(Kenosha, WI)
|
Family
ID: |
22314515 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/107,035 |
Filed: |
January 18, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
81/177.85;
81/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25B
23/0035 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B25B
23/00 (20060101); B25b 013/00 (); B25b
001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;81/121,58T,62,63.2,177.6 ;24/211N ;85/5B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Jones, Jr.; James L.
Claims
I claim:
1. A wrench locking and release mechanism in combination with a
turning tool having a geometric turning shank thereon, there being
a longitudinal bore extending axially in said turning shank , a
locking detent loosely mounted in a lateral aperture in a wall of
said geometric turning shank to communicate with said longitudinal
bore therein, a shaft in said longitudinal bore reciprocally
mounted therein, there being an elongated groove in said shaft in
the region of said locking detent, said longitudinal shaft groove
being peripheral around the entire shaft to define circumferential
camming shoulders for said locking detent to effect the locking
engagement between said turning shank and said socket responsive to
the displacement of said shaft in said shank bore in either
direction, a spring enveloping said shaft in said longitudinal bore
to retain said camming shoulder against said detent in one
direction of displacement to normally lock the wrench socket to
said geometric turning shank, a finger displaceable button head on
said shaft extending beyond said longitudinal bore in said turning
shank to release said locking pin detent against the urge of said
spring irrespective of the relative radial relation between said
shaft and locking detent within the full circumferential sweep of
said peripheral shaft groove, and a yieldable seal cover over said
button head and anchored to said longitudinal shaft bore in the
region of said button head to yield within the reciprocal range of
said enveloping shaft spring to preclude the entrance of foreign
matter into said longitudinal bore.
Description
This invention relates to a simple and effective wrench socket
connector and release mechanism which enables the manual
positioning control of the detent for ready connection and release
of wrench sockets relative to a turning shank.
It contemplates more especially a simple elongated shaft
longitudinally displaceable within a turning head to lock and
release wrench sockets relative to its turning shank for
single-handed turning operation and detent positioning control.
Locking and releasing wrench socket locking and releasing
mechanisms are not new in the art, but the provision of a positive
wrench socket lock-on and release mechanism involving a single
elongated shiftable control shaft capable of sealed confinement in
the turning head and manipulated by the finger of the same hand
that grasps and turns the head, constitutes an improved adjunct to
a ratchet or other type of turning head equipped therewith.
One object of the present invention is to simplify the construction
and improve the operation capabilities of the turning head for
wrench sockets for varying fastener sizes.
Another object is to provide a wrench socket connector and release
mechanism involving a single elongated shaft mounted for
longitudinal displacement within a turning head to control the
lock-on and release positioning of wrench sockets relative
thereto.
Still another object is to provide a built-in elongated shaft
detent positioning control to lock-on and release wrench sockets
responsive to the longitudinal displacement thereof relative to the
turning socket head within which it is spring mounted.
Other objects and advantages will appear from the following
description of an illustrated embodiment thereof.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a ratchet wrench with part of the turning
head broken away to clarify the showing.
FIG. 2 is a sectional fragmentary view in elevation of the turning
head showing the wrench socket detent control mechanism embodying
features of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged quarter sectional view of the ratchet wheel
sub-assembly with the detent control mechanism taken substantially
along line III--III of FIG. 1.
The structure selected for illustration is not intended to serve as
a limitation upon the scope or teachings of the invention, but is
merely illustrative thereof. There may be considerable variations
and adaptations of all or part of the teachings depending upon the
dictates of commercial practice. The present embodiment comprises
an elongated turning handle 10 and shank 11 which, in this
instance, is formed integral with a ratchet housing 12 in which a
standard revoluble ratchet wheel 13 is journalled to cooperate with
a double-toothed pawl 14 to which a directional positioning lever
15 is attached. A spring impelled ball 16 mounted in the handle
shank 11 and extending into the housing 12, engages the pawl 14 to
retain it in one of two extreme positions for opposite directional
ratcheting in the customary manner. An upper closure plate 17
complemental to an open side of the housing 12 is detachably
connected thereto by means of threaded screw fasteners 18. The pawl
lever 15 is positioned in a recess 19 to avoid any appreciable
protusion of the lever 15 above the closure plate 17.
A lower closure plate 20 is press-fitted into the bottom of the
housing 12 to confront the upper closure plate 17, and these
confronting closure plates 17-20 are provided with aligned bores
21-22, respectively, to serve as bearings for the revoluble ratchet
wheel 13.
An elongated detent positioning shaft 23 is mounted for
longitudinal displacement in the bore 23' of the ratchet wheel 13
and its integrally extending axial geometric, in this instance
square, turning shank 24 projects downwardly through the housing 12
and its closure and bearing plate 20. The elongated shaft 23 has an
elongated peripheral groove 25 proximate to the lower end thereof
in the region of the square projecting turning shank 24. The
elongated peripheral groove 25 has tapered peripheral shoulders
26-27 to cam a spherical detent ball 28 in and out relative to a
confining guide aperture 29 drilled radially through one flat
surface of the projecting turning shank 24 to communicate with the
ratchet wheel bore 23' and confront the elongated peripheral groove
25 to expose the ball detent 28 thereto and its extreme peripheral
tapered camming shoulders 26-27.
As shown, the shaft 23 has enlarged peripheral and longitudinally
spaced shoulders 30-31-32, in this instance three, serving as an
upwardly projecting finger depressing knob 30, an intermediate
bearing guide peripheral shoulder 31, and a lowermost bore closure
peripheral head 32 to define the lowermost tapered camming surface
26 and substantially close the bottom opening of the bore 23'
against the entrance of foreign matter. A compression spring 33
envelops the shaft 23 between the upper head 30 and the
intermediate bearing guide shoulder to normally urge the shaft 23
upwardly and displace the detent ball 28 outwardly to lock a
standard detachable wrench socket (not shown) thereto. The wrench
socket (not shown) has depressed recesses in the four sides of the
tubular driving end thereof which is loosely complemental to the
turning shank 24 to smoothly slip on and off relative thereto when
the upper shaft head or knob 30 is depressed against the upper urge
of the spring 33. This can be accomplished with the forefinger of
the same operator's hand holding the turning shank 11 of the
wrenching handle 10.
The depressing displacement of the shaft 23 permits the locking
detent ball 28 to move inwardly in the elongated peripheral groove
25, and this will allow the wrench socket to drop off the turning
shank 24 or removed by the operator's other hand. The depressing
displacement should be limited, since the full displacement is only
utilized to lock a socket to the turning shank 24 or any extension
thereof for retrieving it should one become dislodged in a normally
inaccessible location. In order to preclude any foreign matter,
oil, and dirt to find access to the shaft top knob 30 and the
interior of the ratchet wheel bore or other associated mechanical
parts, a yieldable cap seal 34 of neoprene or the like is preformed
to fit loosely over the shaft knob 30, and it is flanged as at 35
to provide a peripheral upstanding shoulder 36 for frictional
retention in a complementally shaped peripheral groove 37 cut into
the upper edge of the ratchet wheel 13.
This expedient will seal the interior and still allow the shaft 23
to be displaced downwardly by the operator's finger to release the
wrench socket or by extreme displacement to lock a wrench socket
thereon for removal from an otherwise inaccessible location or
manually apply a wrench socket thereto and allow the spring 23 to
raise the shaft 13 so that the lower camming peripheral shoulder 26
will displace the ball detent 28 outwardly to engage and lock a
wrench socket thereto (not shown). Should commercial practice so
dictate, the peripheral flange 35 of the rubber seal 34, may be
positioned into a plain recess 37' which is open at the top to
receive a collar 38' for press-fitted engagement therein over the
rubber seal flange 35' to retain the seal 34' in position. While
the wrench socket locking and release mechanism has been described
in connection with a ratchet wrenching device, it can be
advantageously used with any turning tool to which wrench sockets
are detachably connected.
It should be noted that the illustrated and described preferred
embodiments of the invention, are capable of considerable variation
and modification without departing from the spirit of the
invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise
details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of
such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the
appended claims.
* * * * *