U.S. patent number 3,712,636 [Application Number 05/052,298] was granted by the patent office on 1973-01-23 for baby carriage.
Invention is credited to Georg Gesslein.
United States Patent |
3,712,636 |
Gesslein |
January 23, 1973 |
BABY CARRIAGE
Abstract
A baby carriage for accommodating babies in a belly-down
fashion, having an undercarriage-borne body of walls at least one
of which comprises a see-through portion that may be partly or
wholly covered by a removable light shade. In a preferred
embodiment, at least one body end is higher than the rest of the
body and windows extend over the height of said one higher end both
at its sides and at its end wall.
Inventors: |
Gesslein; Georg (Kreis
Lichtenfels/Oberfranken, DT) |
Family
ID: |
25946359 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/052,298 |
Filed: |
July 6, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jul 7, 1969 [DT] |
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G 69 26 781.8 |
Jul 1, 1970 [DT] |
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G 70 24 766.4 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
296/97.21;
280/47.38; 276/28 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62B
9/102 (20130101); B62B 9/108 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B62B
9/14 (20060101); B62B 9/12 (20060101); B62B
9/00 (20060101); B62b 009/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;296/1B,28B,78A,97K
;280/87.2W,150,47.38 ;248/316D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1,109,788 |
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Sep 1955 |
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FR |
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1,236,766 |
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Jun 1960 |
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FR |
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860,361 |
|
Feb 1961 |
|
GB |
|
154,539 |
|
Dec 1953 |
|
AU |
|
211,578 |
|
Feb 1924 |
|
GB |
|
623,333 |
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May 1949 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Hersh; Benjamin
Assistant Examiner: Song; Robert R.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. In a baby carriage wherein a baby receiving body is supported on
a wheeled carrier including supporting rods, to which carrier is
attached a handle, wherein said body has side walls, an end wall, a
head wall, and a bottom, wherein said head wall and said side walls
are provided with transparent windows forming an integral part of
said head and side walls, and wherein shading means are provided
for covering said windows, the improvement comprising a head wall
which is higher than said end wall, said side walls having a first
wall section of substantially uniform height adjacent to said end
wall and a second wall section merging at one end thereof into said
first side wall section and connected at the other end thereof to
said head wall, said second side wall section having a height which
increases from the height of the respective first wall section
toward said head wall, said windows in said side wall sections of
increasing height occupying substantially the entire area of said
second side wall sections, whereby the window height also increases
from said first wall section to said head wall, said window in said
head wall also occupying substantially the entire area of said
higher head wall whereby an all round view is provided in any belly
down position of the baby, means for removably attaching said
shading means to said walls and for selectively positioning said
shading means relative to said windows, said shading means being
less transparent than said windows, and means for connecting said
body to said carrier so that said windows remain unobstructed by
said supporting carrier rods.
2. The baby carriage according to claim 1, wherein said second side
wall sections increase in height to correspond to the height of
said head wall where the head wall is connected to said second side
wall sections of increasing height.
3. The baby carriage according to claim 1, wherein said shading
means are tinted or colored.
4. The baby carriage according to claim 1, wherein said shading
means are non-transparent.
5. The baby carriage according to claim 1, wherein said head wall
is slanted inwardly relative to said body.
6. In a baby carriage wherein a baby receiving body is supported on
a wheeled carrier including supporting rods, to which carrier is
attached a handle, wherein said body has side walls, an end wall, a
head wall, and a bottom, wherein said head wall and said side walls
are provided with transparent windows forming an integral part of
said head and side walls, and wherein shading means are provided
for covering said windows, the improvement comprising means for
removably attaching said shading means to said walls and for
selectively positioning said shading means relative to said
windows, said shading means being less transparent than said
windows, wherein said means for removably attaching said shading
means to the walls and for selectively positioning said shading
means relative to said windows comprise U-shaped clip means secured
to any one of said body walls and a hinge rod secured to said
shading means along an edge thereof, said clip means having legs
with a U-shaped reinforcing spring embedded in plastic material,
whereby said hinge rod is held by the force of said spring of the
clip means in any desired position for adjusting said shading means
in any intermediate position relative to the respective window, and
whereby said hinge rod is detachable by pulling it out of said
U-shaped clip means.
7. The baby carriage according to claim 6, wherein said clip means
are attached to an upper edge of said higher head wall.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to improved baby carriages and in
particular to a baby carriage having a wheeled support, a pusher
handle attached to said support, a bottomed and walled body carried
by said support and a detachable hood. The invention is also
applicable to baby carriages constructed as folding prams or
perambulators, and to doll carriages of the box and/or folding pram
types.
According to the prior art, baby carriages have been vehicles which
for at least part of the day serve as the living space for babies
up to a minimum age of about 1 year. During the past decades, a
great number of facilities have been created to increase the
comfort of mother and child, to improve the baby's safety and ease
of living and also to advance hygienic conditions. However, the
importance of the baby's early relations to his environment for his
well-being and his development has hitherto not been fully
appreciated. Thus babies have been, and usually are, reared lying
on their backs inside a baby carriage with but a small-angle view
to the sky and whatever few objects might appear there
occasionally.
The babies' lying on the back has been proved to feature serious
drawbacks such as deformations of body and posture, asphyxiation
hazards, and a slowing-down of mental development owing to limited
communication with the exterior. For further details, reference may
be had to the article by Prof. Dr.med. J. Gleiss, "Die Vor-und
Nachteile der Bauchlage bei Neugeborenen und Sauglingen" ("The
advantages and disadvantages of the belly-down position for babies
and infants"), Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 1969, pp. 2449
to 2452.
There has been disclosed in the October 1968 issue of "Pram World
& Nursery Times -- International," p. 9, a baby carriage with a
body and hood having a transparent covering on their frames. Though
the publication states that this see-through pram was designed just
for fun with the consideration that it might help youngsters to
take an interest in their surroundings at a very early age, a baby
carriage with all-transparent walls would not, in practice, be
suitable for the purpose due to lack of a possibility to provide at
times, peace and seclusion so necessary for child up-bringing.
Moreover, mothers have objected to a see-through pram as exhibited
because all things inside the carriage body are permanently
visible, including bed or mattress, cushion, blanket, food
containers, diapers, cosmetics etc., which things are, of
necessity, sometimes in a less orderly state.
In addition, the see-through prams hitherto proposed have frame
members barring a free view if a baby lying on his belly lifts his
head, which infants like to do already during their first months of
life. Such a hindrance to free sight will prevail even if the hood,
too, has a partly or wholly transparent cover on its
non-transparent frame.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an important object of the invention to provide a baby
carriage having none of the said drawbacks.
It is another object of the invention to provide a baby carriage
suitable especially for rearing babies in a belly-down fashion.
It is a further object of the invention to provide, with a minimum
of costs, a baby carriage fulfilling all requirements for rearing
babies in a belly-down fashion.
Still another object of the invention consists in providing an
easy-to-manufacture and easy-to-use baby carriage of simple, yet
sturdy design having all the positive qualities of conventional
baby carriages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided a baby carriage having
a wheeled support, a pusher handle attached to said support, a
bottomed and walled body carried by said support and a detachable
hood at one end of said body, comprising see-through means at said
one body end, the walls of said one end with said see-through means
rising higher than the remainder of said body to permit a baby
accommodated therein in a belly-down fashion to lift his head and
have a free view, and further comprising means attachable to said
body for selectively covering said see-through means in order that
the inside of said body may be shielded.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided, in
a baby carriage of the type mentioned above, see-through means both
at the side walls and at an end wall of said body end, said
see-through means extending over all the height thereof so that
said baby may have a free view in his forward and side
directions.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, a baby carriage
of the type mentioned above comprises a mattress having a
replaceable fabric cover to permit through said see-through means a
tidy appearance of the baby support mattress inside said walled
body.
Still another aspect of the invention resides in a baby carriage of
the type mentioned above, comprising see-through means in at least
one portion of said detachable hood and means attachable to said
hood for selectively covering said see-through means.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
A baby accommodated in a carriage according to the invention will
have free sight in the one end of the carriage body which may be
selectively covered, whereas the remainder of the body will be
permanently guarded against sight or light, respectively. Lying on
his belly, the infant will have unimpaired sight-communication with
his environments through the see-through means even when he props
himself up. This will not only significantly enhance his mental and
physical development and get him simultaneously accustomed to the
events round-about though he may not yet be able to sit and to peep
over the edges of the box he is in, but also permit of an effective
inspection of the baby by a supervising person. Carriage bodies
according to the invention are, notwithstanding their cheap
manufacture, of a rugged light-weight construction that offers
maximum comfort and full protection for the baby against the
various influences from outside. In this connection it is important
to note that since the see-through means may be covered as desired,
the baby can be sheltered whenever necessary so that he may fall
and rest asleep or be protected against heavy radiation, while by
exposing the see-through means view communication with him may be
restored at any time, e.g., when his waking-up should be watched.
Of course this feature will also trigger a hide-and-seek play with
a baby who is beyond the first few months of life.
SHORT FIGURE DESCRIPTION
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become
apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments
thereof.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood, such
preferred embodiments will be elucidated, by way of example, with
reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a baby carriage according to a
first embodiment of the invention, having selectively coverable
see-through means,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a baby carriage of the type shown
in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale and with parts
broken off, of one end of a baby carriage with selectively
coverable see-through means as shown in FIG. 1 and 2,
respectively,
FIG. 4 is a simplified perspective view of a baby carriage body
according to another embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view into the baby carriage body shown in
FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 is a simplified side elevation view of a baby carriage body
according to still another embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 7 is a front elevation view of the baby carriage body shown in
FIG. 5,
FIGS. 8 and 9 are simplified side elevation views of further
embodiments of baby carriage bodies according to the invention,
and
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of mounting means for a
detachable and selectively operable cover as used on a baby
carriage according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
The baby carriage shown in FIG. 1 has an undercarriage 1 supporting
a carriage body 2 shaped like a box or tub and having a hood 3. The
undercarriage 1 may be of the folding type providing a wheeled and
spring mounted support connected by articulated levers 11 and a
locking handle 12 with a pusher handle 13. FIG. 1 shows a comfort
undercarriage 1 having relatively soft springs and spring straps as
well as a stepdown brake. The construction of the undercarriage 1
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is simpler but serves the same purpose in
that its top is designed to receive the carriage body 2 which is
attached thereto by lockable and unlockable fixing means (not
shown). With the locking handle 12 in an unlocking position, the
pusher handle 13 may be swung over whereby the undercarriage 1 will
fold.
The carriage body 2 has side walls 8 and 9 as well as end walls,
one of which is designated by 10. One end of the carriage body 2,
generally designated by 21, is raised in relation to the remainder
of the carriage body 2 so that the upper edges of the raised end
21, which is preferably the front end of the carriage body 2, are
higher than the rest of the carriage body or tub. Whereas the lower
parts of the carriage body 2 have non-transparent walls, the raised
front end 21 is provided with see-through means 4, 5 and 6. In a
preferred embodiment of the invention, the see-through means 4 and
5 are arranged in the side walls 8, 9 and the see-through means 6
in the end wall 10 of the raised front end 21. Between the outer
bottom wall 14 of the carriage body 2 and an additional bottom
partition (partly shown) there may be a bottom compartment 15 (FIG.
6) designated to receive flat objects such as a waterproof cover 24
(FIG. 3), when the latter will not be required for covering the
open carriage box 2 during fine weather.
In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 the front end 21 is
shown to raise from the middle of the carriage body 2 to the end
wall 10 thereof. The see-through means 4, 5 and 6 extend
substantially over all the height of this raised front end 21 and
may be selectively shaded by covers. In the embodiment according to
FIGS. 1 to 3, only one cover is shown which is associated to the
see-through means 6 of the end wall 10. This cover comprises a
pivoted shade 18 having a pivot bar 20 which is removably held in
at least one holding means or pivot bearing 19 so that it will
remain in whatever angular position by friction forces.
Details of this mounting arrangement will be apparent from FIG. 10.
As shown schematically, the pivot bearing 19 is secured to the end
wall 10 of the carriage body. The holding means or pivot bearing 19
is shown to consist of a backing plate having mounting holes 30 and
being integral with a pair of clip legs 28 which are preferably
made of plastics and contain a U-shaped metallic reinforcing spring
29. As the profile of the clip legs 28 is U-shaped, they will
detachably grip the pivot bar 20, which is attached by means of a
bracket 31 with mounting holes 32 to the shade 18. It will be
appreciated that the pivot bar 20 may be force-fitted between the
clip legs 28 for pivotally mounting the flap or shade 18 at the end
wall 10. On the other hand, a simple pulling motion will suffice
for taking off the shade 18 which may then be placed in a bottom
compartment such as 15.
The walls of the carriage body or box 2 comprise a covering made of
plastics, in particular plastic foils, fabric or other sheet
material etc. Utilizing plastic foils is especially advantageous if
the see-through means 4 to 6 consists of transparent foil sheets
permanently welded to the walls 8 to 10. In particular the
see-through means 4 to 6 comprise relatively thick clear-glass foil
having a mechanical strength, ruggedness, and resistance to
scratching which will outlive the severest service loads. However,
colored transparent foils can be used as well, the colors
preferably being such as to offer protection against sunrays.
As an alternative or in addition covers may be provided which
partly or wholly shield light from the see-through means 4 to 6.
According to the invention, such covers may be removably attached
inside or outside at the carriage body or tub 2. Preferred
embodiments of such covers include zipfastened flaps, spring
blinds, fabric or plastic coverings such as indicated by reference
numerals 17 to be secured with snap fasteners 16 (FIGS. 6 and 7) or
even curtains. For attaching the covers, snap fasteners such as 16,
so-called burring straps, zippers, sockets and plug connections or
any other known means may be used. Of course it is possible that
individual covers are transparent and/or colored, whereas others
are non-transparent. The fastening means may also be designated to
enable attachment of a non-transparent cover on top of a
transparent, either clear or colored cover.
The relative sizes of the see-through means or windows 4 to 6 and
the non-transparent walls of the carriage body 2 are such as to
permit free sight in the forward and side directions for a baby
lying on his belly with his head at the front end 21. The
non-transparent wall portions of the box or tub 2 make it possible
to store things which must not be directly be visible from
outside.
The embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 differ from the embodiments
described only in respect of the shape of the carriage body 2 and
the hood 3. According to FIGS. 4 and 5, the raised front end 21 has
nearly square side parts with correspondingly bigger windows 4 and
5 and has also a smaller hood 3 comprising a top window 26 in its
top face 25. In addition, side windows may be provided, as
indicated by dashed lines in FIGS. 4 and 5. Other details may
resemble those of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3, and
like reference numerals are used to designate like parts.
As can be seen especially from FIG. 5, there may be provided
according to the invention a mattress 33 having a replaceable
fabric cover 34. Thus, by taking care that a clean cover 34 is
used, a tidy appearance of the baby support mattress inside the
walled body 2 with its see-through means 4 to 6 will be warranted
at all times.
It can be seen from FIGS. 6 to 9 that the overall shape of the
see-through means at least in the side walls of the tub 2 may vary.
Thus, FIGS. 6 and 8 show a window 4 or 7, respectively, which
extends over the greater part of the length at least of side wall 8
of the carriage body 2. FIG. 6 indicates at its right hand upper
corner that the cover 17 need not completely shield the window 4.
Similarly, it is evident from FIG. 9 that the non-transparent and
transparent parts at least of side walls 8 may be stepped or
staggered. Obviously, if the opposite side wall 9 is differently
subdivided, it will always be possible to provide non-visible
sections for objects which should not be seen from outside.
Further, it can be taken from FIG. 8 that the see-through means of
either the carriage body or the hood must not necessarily be closed
transparent windows, but may also comprise networks or lattices
with narrow or wide meshes so that in addition to free sight,
optimum venting will be safeguarded. Thus, a network or lattice
will form the overall cover of a carriage body 2 and/or hood 3.
Within such a network, the see-through means 4 to 7 may be set off,
as by having wider meshes. Should the need arise, in particular
during bad weather, the carriage body or top 2 and/or the hood 3
may be closed by means of the covers provided as necessary. In this
connection it should be mentioned that it may be desirable in the
beginning or at certain times to offer the baby only a limited
view, such as through the top window 26 of the hood 3, whereas the
growing infant may be afforded larger ranges of view at least
during parts of the day.
The hood 3 is provided with expanding stays 22 which may be secured
inside or outside as required. The hood 3 may be attached by means
of plug-in props, inset hooks or other conventional means. In
accordance with standard practice, carrying handles 23 may be
provided at both side walls 8 and 9.
While no details have been mentioned for elements such as frames
supporting the walls of the carriage body 2 and/or the hood 3, it
should be pointed out that self-supporting material may be used,
including synthetic resins such as acrylic glass of the type which
is traded under names like perspex and plexiglass. Although it is
possible to provide the see-through means 4 to 7, 26 and 27 with
rainproof venting appertures enabling continuous air exchange while
avoiding any sort of draft. Moreover, the invention contemplates an
embodiment wherein the raised front end 21 of the carriage body 2
consists of an integral transparent section forming part of the
side walls 8 and 9 as well as including the end wall 10. Thus,
there is provided a sort of cockpit offering the baby a totally
unimpaired view in all side and forward directions.
Although specific examples have been described, it is to be
understood that the invention is intended to cover all equivalents
and modifications within the scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *