U.S. patent number 3,712,511 [Application Number 05/078,096] was granted by the patent office on 1973-01-23 for pool chlorinator.
Invention is credited to Peter L. Magnasco.
United States Patent |
3,712,511 |
Magnasco |
January 23, 1973 |
POOL CHLORINATOR
Abstract
A chlorinator for feeding a liquid chlorine solution to a
swimming pool from a supply tank. The chlorinator includes a flow
scale, a check valve to prevent back flow, a flow control,
automatic cut-off means to prevent air entering the pump system of
the pool, a primer to reactivate the chlorination system, and means
for enabling operation of the chlorinator either continuously or
cyclically in conjunction with the pool pump system.
Inventors: |
Magnasco; Peter L. (Campbell,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
22141884 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/078,096 |
Filed: |
October 5, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/52;
137/101.11; 210/167.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C02F
1/686 (20130101); C02F 2103/42 (20130101); C02F
1/008 (20130101); C02F 1/76 (20130101); Y10T
137/2526 (20150401); C02F 2209/40 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C02F
1/68 (20060101); C02F 1/00 (20060101); C02F
1/76 (20060101); E04h 003/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;210/169
;137/88,98,101.11 ;222/52,65,66,67 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Kocovsky; Thomas E.
Claims
What is claimed as new is as follows:
1. In a pool chlorination system including a chlorine supply, a
chlorinator, said chlorinator including chlorine flow accommodating
internal flow passage means, said flow passage means including a
chlorine inlet communicated with the chlorine supply, a remote
chlorine discharge, flow terminating means responsive to an
exhausting of the chlorine supply and the presence of air in the
flow passage means to automatically close said flow passage means
to flow therethrough, and primer means for bypassing said flow
terminating means upon the replacement of the chlorine supply for a
reopening of the flow passage means and a resetting of the flow
terminating means, said flow terminating means including a vertical
float chamber, a first fluid line communicated with the chlorine
inlet and the float chamber above the lower end thereof, a second
fluid line communicated with the chlorine discharge and the bottom
of said float chamber, a valve seat about the second fluid line
within the float chamber, and a float within said chamber
selectively engageable, upon the exhaustion of fluid from said
chamber, with the second fluid line seat for a sealing of the
second fluid line, said primer means including one fluid passage
communicating the first fluid line with the upper portion of the
float chamber, another fluid passage communicating the second fluid
line with the upper portion of the float chamber, and primer valve
means simultaneously closing and opening these fluid passages for
selectively enabling a flow through the float chamber above the
seated float.
2. The system of claim 1 including a pressure relief valve at the
upper end of the float chamber and in communication with the fluid
passage communicating the second fluid line with the upper portion
of the float chamber, said relief valve being openable in response
to engagement to the float thereagainst upon a positioning of the
float in the upper portion of the float chamber wherein a bleeding
of minor amounts of gas from the float chamber can be effected.
3. The system of claim 2 including an adjustable control valve in
said flow passage means for selectively varying the flow
therethough.
4. The system of claim 3 including a scale chamber in said flow
passage means upstream from said float chamber, said scale chamber
including means for providing a visual indication of the flow
rate.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein said scale chamber is vertically
orientated and includes a fluid inlet at the bottom thereof and a
fluid outlet at the top thereof, a valve seat defined at the fluid
inlet of the scale chamber and a ball valve within the chamber
selectively engageable with the scale chamber seat for precluding
back flow, said ball valve constituting a portion of the flow
indicating means.
6. The system of claim 5 including discharge valve means within the
flow passage means adjacent the chlorine discharge, said discharge
valve means including a diaphragm, said diaphragm being received
within an internal chamber within the chlorinator, a pressure line
communicating with the diaphragm chamber for a selective
introduction of pressurized fluid into said diaphragm chamber and a
resultant flexing of the diaphragm and an opening of the discharge
valve means, said discharge valve means controlling the chlorine
discharge from the chlorinator.
7. The system of claim 6 wherein said discharge valve means
includes override means for manually flexing said diaphragm and
retaining the discharge valve means open regardless of the presence
or absence of pressure within the diaphragm chamber.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein the pressure line is adapted to
communicate with the piping of a pool circulation system downstream
of a fluid circulating pump, and a suction line extending from the
chlorine discharge of the chlorinator and adapted to engage the
piping upstream of the pump for an introduction of the chlorine
thereto, said pressure line including, on the piping engageable end
thereof, a conical intake directed upstream, said suction line
including a conical discharge at the piping engageable end thereof
directed downstream.
9. Liquid introducing apparatus for the introduction of liquids
into a liquid circulating system; said apparatus including a
supply, a discharge line, and flow accommodating passage means
extending from flow receiving communication with said supply
through the apparatus to flow discharging communication with the
discharge line; said flow passage means including flow rate
indicating means therein, backflow preventing check valve means
therein, flow terminating means automatically responsive to close
the fluid passage means in response to an exhausting of the liquid
supply, primer means for reopening the fluid passage means upon a
replenishing of the liquid supply, a discharge control valve
downstream of the flow terminating means for selectively allowing
and precluding liquid flow to the discharge line, control means
operatively connected with the discharge control valve and
responsive to the presence and absence of pressure within the
circulating system to receive the liquid for selectively opening
and closing the discharge valve, and means for fixing the discharge
valve open so as to allow for liquid flow regardless of the
presence or absence of pressure in the circulating system.
Description
The invention herein is generally concerned with the measured
introduction of a liquid into a circulating system, and more
particularly relates to a chlorinator for the regulated
introduction of a chlorine solution into a swimming pool or the
like through the pump system associated therewith.
While chlorinators of various types are known and used, such known
devices are either expensive to construct, install and maintain, or
incorporate undesirable features such as a tendency to air-lock in
conjunction with difficulty in recommencing operation, a lack of
means to determine and control the amount or rate of chlorine
introduction, and the lack of means whereby the period of operation
of the chlorinator can be regulated.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the instant invention to
provide a chlorinator which includes volume, flow and time control
means, as well as air-lock preventive means utilizing a unique
although relatively simple construction.
In conjunction with the above object, it is also a significant
object of the instant invention to provide a chlorinator which can
easily be installed in the circulating pump system of a swimming
pool for operation in response to an activation of the pump system
or, depending upon a simple adjustment, operation independently of
the operation of the pump system.
The objects of the instant invention are achieved through the
utilization of a compact chlorinator engaged with the lines of a
swimming pool circulation system to the inlet and outlet sides of
the circulating pump. The chlorinator is supplied through a supply
line from a chlorine supply tank with the chlorine moving through a
flow scale chamber incorporating a one-way check valve. The flow is
regulated by an appropriate flow control valve and, in line
therewith, enters into an enlarged float chamber which acts so as
to prevent air-lock or the introduction of air into the pump
system. A valve downstream of the float chamber controls the flow
into the pool and, on automatic operation, is opened in response to
pump generated pressure in the circulating system of the pool. If
so desired, the valve can be locked open whereby flow continues
regardless of whether or not pressure is present in the circulating
system, as long as a minimum siphon-type flow, normally experienced
in such systems, is occurring.
These together with other objects and advantages which will become
subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and
operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part
hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and
in which:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the chlorination introduction
system;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the chlorinator;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially on a
plane passing along line 3--3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially on a plane
passing along line 4--4 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially on a plane
passing along line 5--5 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially on a plane
passing along line 6--6 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially on a plane
passing along line 7--7 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged detail illustrating the pressure line in
connection with the pool circulating system;
FIg. 9 is a detail of the suction line in connection with the pool
circulating system; and
FIG. 10 is a detail of the control dial.
Referring now more specifically to the drawings, reference numeral
20 is used to generally designate the chlorinator, the body of
which is preferably constructed of a clear plastic with the flow
passages and fluid chambers being defined internally therein.
The chlorinating cycle originates with a chlorine supply tank 22
which is communicated with the chlorinator 20 by means of a supply
line 24. An appropriate hose connector 25 is used to engage the
discharge end of the supply line with the chlorinator 20, or more
particularly the lower end of a vertical flow passage 26 adjacent
one end of the chlorinator.
The flow passage 26 extends into an enlarged vertical chamber 28
within which a check valve ball 30 is located. The lower end of the
chamber 28, about the upper end of the passage 26, defines a seat
for the ball 30 whereby a one-way valve is created so as to prevent
back flow such as might tend to occur in the back-wash filter
cleaning cycle in the circulation system of the pool itself. The
chamber 28 is also provided with graduations along the height
thereof, forming a flow scale so as to indicate the amount of
chlorine flow into the pool, such being determined by the height of
the suspended ball 30 during the operation of the system. An
appropriate stop pin 32 spans the upper end of the chamber 28 so as
to prevent a complete closing thereof should the chlorine flow
pressure be sufficient so as to completely elevate the ball 30.
A second flow passage 34 extends from the upper end of the chamber
28 first vertically and then longitudinally along the chlorinator
into communication with an enlarged vertically orientated
cylindrical float chamber 36. A flow control needle-type valve 38
intersects the passage 34 along the length thereof and is adjusted
from an enlarged head or knob 40 provided on the exposed outer end
thereof. An appropriate packing nut 42 seals the valve at the outer
end thereof with the valve 38 being threaded within the body of the
chlorinator for the desired longitudinal adjustment thereof through
a manipulation of the associated knob 40.
The float chamber 36 is specifically provided so as to
automatically seal the chlorinator and prevent the movement of air
into the pool lines should the supply of chlorine be exhausted,
thereby avoiding air-lock and protecting the pool pump. The float
itself, designated by reference numeral 44, is spherical and
centrally guided for vertical movement within the cylindrical
chamber 36 by full height inwardly projecting guides or ribs 46
provided about the chamber 36. A float seat 48 is provided at the
bottom of the chamber 36 about the inlet end of a flow line 50.
When there is liquid, or more particularly a chlorine solution, in
the chamber 36, the float 44 rides on the top thereof allowing the
chlorine to flow through the chamber 36 and into the flow line or
passage 50. However, should air be drawn into the chamber 36, the
float 44 will drop, sealing off the flow and reducing to a minimum
the air entering into the pool lines.
Assuming liquid chlorine in the chamber 36, the chlorine moves
through the flow passage 50 into an enlarged exit chamber 52 at the
rear of the chlorinator 20 toward the second end thereof. This exit
chamber 52 communicates with a discharge flow passage 54 which
discharges to an appropriately connected inlet end of the suction
line 56 which extends to the pool circulating system as shall be
described presently.
The flow of the chlorine from the chamber 52 into the discharge
flow passage 54 is controlled by a valve 58 which normally seats in
the inlet end of the passage 54 and effectively seals the passage
and precludes the flow of chlorine. The valve 58 constitutes the
leading end of an elongated rod 60 extending transversely across
the chlorinator and beyond the front face thereof. This rod extends
through an enlarged diaphragm chamber 62 within which a diaphragm
64, dividing the chamber 62, is fixed to the rod 60. An enlarged
coiled compression spring 66 surrounds the rod 60 and is engaged
between the front wall of the chamber 62 and the chamber dividing
diaphragm 64 so as to, through pressure exerted on the diaphragm,
bias the rod 60, and hence the valve 58, so as to seat the valve 58
and seal the discharge passage 54. Communicated with the chamber 62
rearward of the diaphragm 64, or to the side thereof opposed from
the spring 66, is the discharge end of a pressure line 68, the
inlet end of which is communicated with the pressure or outlet side
of the circulating pump system of the swimming pool with which the
chlorinator is associated. When the pool pump is in operation, the
pressurized fluid to the outlet side thereof will move into the
diaphragm chamber 62 through the pressure line 68 and cause an
expansion of the diaphragm 64 and a corresponding withdrawal of the
valve 58. This in turn results in a flow through the discharge flow
passage 54 and the suction line 56.
The valve 58 can also be manually set so as to remain open, thereby
providing for a flow both during the activation of the pool pump
and during those periods of deactivation. The continued flow of
course assumes the existence of a siphoning action in the
circulating system of the pool when the pump is deactivated. In
order to effect this setting of the valve 58, the extreme forward
end thereof projects beyond the chlorinator and mounts an enlarged
control dial 70. The inner face of the dial 70 is provided with a
pair of arcuate recesses 72 which in turn receive and seat a pair
of arcuate or ball-like projections 74 projecting outwardly from
the face of the chlorinator. When the projections 74 are seated
within the recesses 72, the valve 58 is seated within the inlet end
of the passage 54 and effectively closes this passage. However,
upon a rotation of the control dial 70, the sockets or recesses 72
move out of alignment with the projections 74, these projections 74
in a sense riding out of the recesses 72 and causing an outward
offsetting of the control dial and hence a retraction of the rod 60
a valve 58, thereby opening the flow passage 54 to the flow of
chlorine. In this position, the flow will continue regardless of
the presence or absence of pressure within the diaphragm chamber
62. It is contemplated that a limit pin 76 be provided. This pin 76
projects outwardly from the front of the chlorinator and engages
within an arcuate slot 78 within the inner face of the dial 70 so
as to limit rotation of the dial between the valve seating and the
valve unseating positions. Should it be deemed desirable, a
counterbalancing coiled compression spring 80 can be provided
between the inner face of the dial 70 and the outer face of the
chlorinator within an appropriate socket or spring chamber 82
defined therein.
Returning now to the float chamber 36, and the action thereof in
precluding the introduction of air into the pump system of the
pool, as previously indicated, should the supply of chlorine be
exhausted, the float 44 will move downwardly onto the seat 48 and
cut-off the flow. Upon a replenishing of the chlorine supply, the
chlorinator is reactivated through a bypass system or primer which
includes a flow passage 84 extending from the flow passage 34,
upstream of the needle valve 38, to the upper end of the
cylindrical chamber 36, and a second flow passage 86 extending from
the upper end of the chamber 36 to communication with the flow
passage 50. The passages 84 and 86, where they communicate with the
upper end of the chamber 36, are sealed by an enlarged valve head
88 mounted on the lower end of a stem 90 which projects vertically
through the top of the chlorinator. The upper end of the stem 90 is
provided with an enlarged push head 92 thereon with an expanded
coiled compression spring 94 surrounding the stem 90 and acting
upwardly against the head 92 so as to resiliently bias the valve 88
to sealed relation relative to the two passages 84 and 86. As will
be appreciated, the valve 88 is opened by merely pushing downwardly
on the enlarged head 92. When this is done, the chlorine flow will
move freely through the lines 84 and 86 and into the passage 50,
allowing for a bleeding of the small amount of air out of the
chamber 36 and a refloating of the float 44 for an operation of the
chlorinator in the originally described manner.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 9, it will be noted that the suction
line 56, that line through which the chlorine discharges from the
chlorinator 20 into the circulating system of the pool, engages
into the pool piping 96 upstream or to the suction side of the pool
pump 98. This engagement with the piping 96 requires only the
formation of a hole in the piping and the mounting of a right
angular discharge tube 100 by means of a f self-threading pipe nut
102. The outer end of the tube 100 receives the discharge end of
the suction line 56 thereover. The inner end of the tube is
conically configured and directed downstream toward the pump with
the water flow thereby tending to create a vacuum at the enlarged
discharge end of the tube 100 so as to effectively draw the
chlorine through the chlorinator and into the circulation system of
the pool.
The pressure line 68, which communicates with the diaphragm chamber
62, is engaged with the pool piping 96 downstream or to the
pressure side of the pool pump 98 with this engagement differing
from the engagement of the suction line 56 only in that the mounted
tube 104, which in this instance is a pickup tube, has the conical
inner end thereof facing upstream. In this manner, a portion of the
pressurized flow is gathered and amplified as it is introduced into
the diaphragm chamber 62. This introduced pressure in the diaphragm
chamber 62, as previously described, causes a retraction of the
valve 58 and enables a discharge of the chlorine. Incidently, in
order to facilitate the movement of the diaphragm, an appropriate
air vent 104 is provided in the spring-accommodating portion of the
chamber 62.
In operation, assuming the chlorinator 20 is to function in
conjunction with the presence of a pump induced pressurized flow in
the circulation system of the pool, the pressure in the pool system
opens the diaphragm valve and allows a flow of the chlorine
solution into the suction side of the pool piping. This chlorine
solution, in moving through the chlorinator 20, passes by the ball
check valve 30, through the scale chamber 28, into the enlarged
float chamber 36 and subsequently through passages 50 and 54 into
the suction line 56. Should the supply of chlorine become
exhausted, the float 44 will seal off the flow passage means
through the chlorinator so as to prevent any substantial amount of
air entering into the pool circulation system. Once the chlorine
supply is replenished, the primer means is activated so as to bleed
the air from the float chamber and refloat the float 44.
Incidently, in the operation of the chlorinator, there might be a
tendency for a slow buildup of small amounts of air or chlorine gas
in the upper end of the float chamber 36 which could cause a
premature shut-off of the chlorinator. Accordingly, it is
contemplated that a relief valve 106, operative in response to
movement of the float 44 thereagainst and away therefrom, be
provided at the top of the chamber 36. This relief valve 106 is
simply constructed and consists basically of a rocking arm 108
pivotally supported between a pair of pivot blocks 110, either
secured to the valve head 88 or the top of the chamber 36
immediately adjacent thereto. The arm 108 includes an upwardly
directed sealing seat 112 on one end thereof and a downwardly
angled second end portion 114 generally centrally located within
the chamber 36 over the float 44. This portion 114 overbalances the
arm 108 so as to bias the seat 112 upward into sealing engagement
with the lower end of a short tube 116 which communicates the
chamber 36 with the flow passage 86. Thus, when the float 44 is at
the top of the chamber 36, the arm section 114 will be engaged and
the valve 106 opened so as to enable a bleeding of the small
amounts of air and chlorine gas as they tend to collect in the
upper portion of the chamber 36. This relief valve 106 is only
capable of accommodating a small flow, and as such, does not affect
the previously described automatic cut-off system which would
operate upon the introduction of a large amount of air into the
chamber 36, such as for example upon an exhausting of the chlorine
supply. In such cases, the relief valve 106 will be unable to
handle the large amounts of introduced air and the float 44 will
drop, effecting a turning off of the chlorinator as previously
described.
It is also contemplated that a water circulation line 118 be
provided between the diaphragm chamber 62 to that side of the
diaphragm 64 which receives the flow through line 68 and the
chlorine flow line 34 downstream of needle valve 38. In this
manner, a small water flow is provided through the chlorinator
which tends to enhance its operation and at the same time provides
for an initial mixing of water and chlorine within the chlorinator.
The utilization of such as water circulation line in no way hampers
the operation of the chlorinator, and in fact tends to provide for
greater efficiency in operation.
As previously indicated, in those instances wherein a continuous
flow of chlorine is desired regardless of whether or not the pool
pump is operating, the diaphragm valve 58 can be locked open
through a rotation of the control dial 70. Thus, inasmuch as most
pool systems maintain a minimum circulation through a continuous
gravity flow type siphoning action in the circulation system, a
continuing siphoning of the chlorine through the chlorinator will
result. This occurs notwithstanding the lack of sufficient pressure
in the piping of the pool circulating system so as to operate the
diaphragm valve. In either case, that is whether the diaphragm
valve is locked open or automatically responsive to pressure in the
diaphragm chamber, the flow of chlorine through the chlorinator is
regulated by the needle valve 38 with the scale chamber 28
indicating the rate of flow. It will of course be appreciated that
in order to provide for an effective siphoning of the chlorine, the
chlorinator, along with the supply tank, must be mounted above the
water level of the pool.
From the foregoing, it should be appreciated that a highly unique
chlorination system has been defined. This system requires no
special electrical or plumbing work and presents no installation or
maintenance difficulties, thereby particularly adapting it for use
in small installations. The system is of course constructed of
materials which are chemically inert to the chlorine solution or
other similar solutions which might be used in conjunction
therewith, the body of the chlorinator itself preferably being made
of clear plastic which provides clear visibility for the flow
passage means therethrough and the valve components therein.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only on the principles
of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes
will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired
to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation
shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and
equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the
invention as claimed.
* * * * *