U.S. patent number 3,711,989 [Application Number 05/193,065] was granted by the patent office on 1973-01-23 for chassis assembly.
Invention is credited to Vincent Carella, Edwin Nielsen.
United States Patent |
3,711,989 |
Nielsen , et al. |
January 23, 1973 |
CHASSIS ASSEMBLY
Abstract
A chassis assembly is provided for use in subminiature wheeled
toy vehicles or the like wherein the toy vehicle is adapted to
coast due to gravity or to its own momentum upon the application of
a pushing force. The chassis includes a relatively flat slug
adapted to be secured to the underside of a vehicle body and has on
its bottom surface a pair of downwardly opening recesses extending
transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle. A
relatively flat elongated insert member formed of a plastic
material is positioned on the bottom surface of the slug. The
insert includes a pair of downwardly opening channels at opposite
ends thereof, which channels are generally complementary to and
received in respective ones of the slug recesses. The channels have
opened end portions at opposite sides of the chassis and a wheel
axis is loosely received in each of the channels with the ends of
the axles extending through the openings and having a pair of
wheels respectively secured thereto. A metal underplate is
positioned on the bottom surface of the insert, substantially
co-extensive therewith, with portions of the underplate covering
the downwardly opened side of the channels to loosely retain the
axles therein for rotation. Means are provided, integral with the
slug, for securing the slug, insert and underplate together to form
a unitary toy chassis assembly. The construction described is
particularly suited for high speed assembly of sub-miniature toy
vehicles.
Inventors: |
Nielsen; Edwin (Oceanside,
NY), Carella; Vincent (Queens Village, NY) |
Family
ID: |
22712154 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/193,065 |
Filed: |
October 27, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
446/469 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
17/262 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
17/00 (20060101); A63H 17/26 (20060101); A63h
017/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/201,202
;273/86C |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mancene; Louis G.
Assistant Examiner: Cuffing; Robert F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A chassis assembly for use in a miniature wheeled toy vehicle or
the like wherein the toy vehicle is adapted to coast due to its own
momentum, said chassis comprising a relatively flat slug adapted to
be secured to a vehicle body, a relatively flat elongated insert
member formed of a material having a low coefficient of friction
and including a pair of bearing blocks formed respectively at
opposite ends thereof, said bearing blocks defining a pair of
downwardly opening channels, said channels having opened end
portions at opposite sides of said chassis, a wheel axle loosely
received in each of said channels with the ends thereof extending
through said opening and having a pair of wheels respectively
secured thereto, an underplate positioned on the bottom surface of
said insert, substantially coextensive therewith, with portions of
said underplate covering the downwardly open side of said channels
to loosely retain said axles therein, and means for securing said
slug, insert and underplate together to form a unitary toy vehicle
chassis assembly.
2. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said slug
has, on its bottom surface, a pair of downwardly opening recesses
extending across the slug transversely to the direction of travel
of the vehicle and wherein said bearing blocks are generally
complementary to and are received in said recesses.
3. The chassis assembly of claim 2 wherein said bearing blocks are
movable relative to said recesses.
4. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said
underplate is formed of the same material as said slug.
5. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said material
is nylon.
6. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said means
for securing said slug, insert and underplate together includes a
pair of pins extending downwardly from the bottom surface of said
slug, said insert and said underplate each having a pair of spaced
apertures therein for receiving said pins.
7. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein the recess at
the rear of said slug with respect to the direction of travel of
said toy vehicle is deeper than the other recess whereby the rear
axle in said chassis is located at a slightly higher elevation than
the front axle.
8. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said wheels
are formed of nylon and are rigidly secured to their associated
axles.
9. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 8 wherein said channels
have portions extending laterally of said slug.
10. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 9 wherein said wheels
are each provided with inwardly directed hubs arranged to engage
said channels with low friction.
11. A chassis assembly for use in a miniature wheeled toy vehicle
or the like wherein the toy vehicle is adapted to coast due to its
own momentum, said chassis comprising a relatively flat slug formed
of die cast, relatively heavy material adapted to be secured to a
vehicle body and having, on its bottom surface, a pair of
downwardly opening recesses extending across the slug transversely
to the direction of travel of the toy vehicle, and a unitary
bearing assembly mounted on the bottom surface of said slug, said
unitary bearing assembly including a relatively flat elongated
insert member of bearing material having downwardly opening bearing
channels formed respectively at opposite ends thereof, said
channels being generally complementary in their exterior
configuration, and received in respective ones of said recesses in
said slug, said channels having opened end portions at opposite
sides of said chassis, a wheel axle loosely received in each of
said channels with the ends thereof extending through said
openings, a wheel mounted adjacent each of said axle ends and an
underplate on the bottom surface of said insert and substantially
coextensive therewith, said insert having portions thereof covering
the downwardly open side of said channels to loosely retain said
axles therein and thereby permit free rotation of said axles under
the momentum of the vehicle, said slug having at least one pin
extending downwardly from the bottom surface thereof, for securing
said unitary bearing assembly to said slug and said unitary bearing
assembly having aligned openings in said insert and said underplate
for receiving said pin.
12. The chassis as defined in claim 11 wherein said slug has two
downwardly extending pins for securing said unitary bearing
assembly thereto and said unitary bearing assembly has two pairs of
aligned openings in said insert and underplate for receiving said
pins.
13. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 11 wherein said
bearing material is selected from the group of low coefficient of
friction materials including nylon, acetal and Teflon.
14. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 13 wherein the recess
at the rear of said slug with respect to the direction of travel of
said toy vehicle is deeper than the other recess whereby the rear
axle in said chassis is located at a slight higher elevation than
the front axle.
15. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 14 wherein said
recesses are generally U-shaped and have relatively flat bight
portions.
16. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said wheels
are formed of a material having a low coefficient of friction and
rotatably mounted on their associated axles.
17. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 11 wherein said wheels
are formed of a material having a low coefficient of friction and
are rigidly secured to their associated axles.
18. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 11 wherein said wheels
are formed of a material having a low coefficient of friction and
are rotatably mounted on their associated axles.
19. The chassis assembly as defined in claim 1 wherein said wheels
are formed of a material having a low coefficient of friction and
are rotatably mounted on their associated axles.
Description
The present invention relates to small wheeled toy vehicles and in
particular to sub-miniature racing cars of the undriven type which
are adapted to coast, due to gravity or to their own momentum, upon
the application of a pushing force.
In some previously proposed toy vehicles of the above type, the
wheel axles of the vehicle are mounted in or between a pair of
protrusions which are bent about the axles so that they cannot drop
out of their mounting. This conventional arrangement results in the
wheels being subjected to a substantial amount of friction and thus
limits the speed and the coasting range and travel distance of the
vehicle. Other types of toy vehicles utilize separate bearing
members for each axle mounting or at each point of connection of
the axle to the vehicle body. This construction, while avoiding
frictional problems, is relatively expensive because of the
utilization of extra components and because of the additional
manual labor required to assemble the various required bearing
components. Since miniature toy vehicles must be produced
relatively inexpensively, these procedures are not suitable for
such toys.
In still other toy vehicles, the body portion of the vehicle itself
forms part of the bearing mounting with the axles passed through
aligned openings in the frames, or with the frame formed in two
portions joined together with the axles therebetween. Such
constructions are also relatively expensive and often, because of
mismatch and malfitting of the parts, results in increased friction
that limits travel distance for the vehicle.
In yet another form of toy vehicle construction, the axles are
fixed to the chassis and each wheel is provided with its own
bearing at its connection to one axle. Such construction obviously
is complicated and requires multiple parts.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to increase
the speed or travel distance of undriven miniature toy vehicles
which move under the influence of gravity or of their own momentum
upon the application of a pushing force thereto.
Another object of the present invention is to simplify and improve
the assembly and mounting of wheel axles on a vehicle body.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide an
interchangeable chassis member having a unitary axle bearing
assembly.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide
sub-miniature toy vehicles of the above type which are relatively
inexpensive to produce, simple to manufacture, and which have a
relatively long useful life.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention a presently
preferred embodiment of a chassis assembly is provided for use in a
sub-miniature wheeled toy vehicle or the like wherein the toy
vehicle is adapted to coast over a substantial travel distance due
to its own momentum upon the application of a pushing force
thereto. By sub-miniature is ment a chassis having an overall
length of less than 1 inch. The chassis includes, as a main
component, a relatively flat slug, formed of a die cast, relatively
heavy material, which is adapted to be removably secured to the
underside of a miniature toy vehicle body. The slug has on its
bottom surface, a pair of downwardly opening recesses extending
thereacross transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle.
A unitary bearing assembly is secured to the bottom surface of the
slug and provides a relatively low friction mounting for a pair of
axles having wheels rigidly mounted on the ends thereof. The
bearing assembly includes a relatively flat elongated plastic
insert member having downwardly opening bearing channels formed
respectively at opposite ends thereof. The bearing channels are
generally complementary, in their exterior configuration, to
respective ones of the recesses in the slug and these channels are
received in those recesses. The channels have opened end portions
at opposite sides of the chassis and a wheel axle is loosely
received in each of the channels with the ends thereof extending
through the opening. A metal underplate of the same die cast
material is provided adjacent the bottom surface of the insert and
is substantially co-extensive therewith with portions of the insert
covering the downwardly opened side of the channels to loosely
retain the axles therebetween so as to permit free rotation of the
axles under the momentum of the vehicle.
The slug has a pair of pins extending downwardly from the bottom
surface thereof and the bearing insert and underplate have
correspondingly aligned openings for receiving the pins. The latter
may be frictionally engaged with the underplate to hold the
assembly together or they may be staked, pinned, glued, or
otherwise adhered to the underplate.
By this arrangement a unitary bearing assembly is provided in the
chassis in the sense that the insert is a one-piece member having
both bearing assemblies and is joined together with the underplate
to define integral bearing channels. Since the insert is formed of
a plastic material, preferably nylon, a low friction surface is
provided surrounding the wheel axles so as to avoid any severe
limitations on the speed or travel distance of the vehicle as a
result of friction in the axle mounting. This is particularly
important in extremely small-sized toy vehicles, such as
sub-miniature racing cars, and those which are of approximately 1
inch in length or smaller since such small vehicles do not have
much momentum as a result of their own weight. Accordingly, their
speed and travel distance is limited and any frictional resistance
to travel must be made as small as possible in order to increase
the travel distance available in the vehicle. Further, the chassis
is readily assembled since only three components are utilized, and
these are merely snapped together and readily secured. Further, the
chassis is adapted to be removably mounted in a vehicle body so
that a single chassis can be used with a number of vehicle
bodies.
The above, and other objects, features and advantages of this
invention, will be apparent in the following detailed description
of an illustrative embodiment thereof which is to be read in
connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a chassis assembly constructed in
accordance with the present invention and illustrating a racing car
body, in dotted lines, to which the chassis may be secured;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the slug portion of the chassis
assembly;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating primarily the bottom
surface of the insert member of the chassis assembly inverted from
the assembled position of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the underplate of the chassis
assembly;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of FIG. 1
illustrating a typical wheel mounting arrangement; and
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 illustrating another wheel
mounting arrangement.
Referring to the drawings in detail, and initially to FIG. 1
thereof, it will be seen that a chassis assembly 10 embodying the
present invention, as shown therein, is adapted to be removably
mounted within the body of a toy vehicle 12 (shown in dotted
lines). Chassis assembly 10 is formed of three main components,
slug portion 14, an insert 16, and an underplate 18. These
components are secured together to form an integral or unitary
bearing assembly which provides a bearing channel for the axles 20
of front and rear wheels 22, 24.
Slug 14, as seen in FIG. 2, is formed of a die cast relatively
heavy material such as Zamac and is a relatively flat structure
having recesses 26 and 28 formed on its lower surface 30. These
recesses are adapted to receive bearing blocks or channel bearings
32 formed respectively at the ends of the insert 16. The external
configuration of each of the channels 32 is generally complementary
to a respective one of the recesses 26 and 28 and these channels
are received in the recesses, as illustrated in FIG. 1. The
channels are interconnected by a flat strip or intermediate portion
33 which is of substantially the same width as the slug 14, and the
entire insert 16, including the channels 32, is formed of a
material which has a relatively low coefficient of friction, such
as for example, molded nylon, acetal or Teflon.
Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, it is seen that
the peripheral configuration of the slug 14 is generally
rectangular and has projecting portions 34 and 36 at the front and
rear thereof and projections 38 at the sides. These projections
have inclined surfaces and provide shoulders 40 about the periphery
of the vehicle. These shoulders may be utilized to snapfit the slug
within body 12 so that the slug and the unitary bearing assembly is
removably mounted within the body and can be selectively secured to
any number of miniature vehicle bodies. Alternatively, the slug may
be secured to the body in a number of other ways such as by
screwing or gluing the slug to the body.
The bottom surface 30 of slug 14 is provided with at least one, and
preferably two, depending pin members 42 which extend downwardly
from surface 30. Insert 16 (whose lower surface is shown uppermost
in FIG. 3 for convenience in illustrating channels 32) includes a
pair of complementary apertures 44 which are adapted to loosely
receive pins 42 so that the insert may be placed with its top
surface 46 against surface 30 so that channels 32 can be inserted
within recesses 26 and 28 respectively. The actual assembly is
performed with the pins 42 uppermost.
With insert 16 adjacent surface 30 in this manner, the axles 20 of
the vehicle may be placed in channels 32 and seated in the recesses
or openings 48 in the sides 50 of the channels. These axles will,
in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, already have
the wheels 22, 24 (also formed of nylon) secured thereto and
typically the axles 20 will be formed of a thin or small gauge wire
and the wheels will be rigidly secured thereto. It is noted that
the openings 48 in sides 50 of channel members 32 have a depth and
width which is somewhat larger than the diameter of the wire axles
so as to permit free rotation of the axles in the completed
bearing. It will also be noted that the channel members 32 are
longer than the width of the slug 14 or the insert 16 and extend
therebeyond on both sides of the chassis. The recesses 48 are
dimensioned to permit the axles also to move slightly in the
vertical direction within the completed bearing assembly with the
edges of the recesses acting as fulcrums for the axles. In this
manner, irregularities in the play surface can be accommodated by
movement between the vehicle body and the axles. This permits the
miniature vehicles to go over slight bumps in the road or play
surface so that the vehicle maintains a straight direction of
travel with good tracking and no undesired changes in
direction.
Referring to FIG. 5 of the drawings, it is seen that the wheels 22
have an axial bore 52 of substantially the same diameter as the
wire axle 20 so that the wheel is frictionally engaged with the
wire and secured thereto. The ends 54 of the wire are bent over, so
as to prevent the wheels from coming off the axles. Similarly, in
another embodiment, shown in FIG. 6, the ends of the axles may be
treated so as to form heads 56 which provide the appearance of a
hubcap or axle nut. The wheels 24 are secured to their axle 20 in
the same manner selected for mounting front wheels 22. In either
case the wheels 22, 24 are rigidly secured to their axles so as to
rotate therewith. The wheels 22, 24 are provided with inwardly
facing hub portions 25 that may engage the ends of the bearing
channels 32 to limit the side-to-side movement of the wheel axle
assemblies in a low friction manner. This construction also will
unsure against frictional engagement of the wheels with the
adjacent portion of the body 12.
After the axles and the wheels are assembled in this manner and
placed in channels 32, the underplate 18 is secured to the pins 42.
Underplate 18 is provided with a pair of apertures 60 which are
adapted to receive pins 42 in close contact therewith so that the
surface 62 of the underplate may be positioned against the bottom
surface 64 of insert 16. In this manner, the end portions 66 and 68
of the underplate are positioned adjacent or against the opened
ends 68 of channels 32 so as to define enclosed bearing members.
The connection of pins 42 with underplate 18 forms an integral
chassis member with the three components and having the wheeled
axles mounted therein. The pins may be staked, glued or otherwise
secured within the apertures 60 so as to form an integral assembly
which is not readily separated by children during normal play. As a
result, the entire chassis assembly is readily removable from one
vehicle body and transferrable to another vehicle body.
In use the axles rotate in the upper portions of the channels 32.
Because the channels 32 are formed of a material (preferably
nylon), having relatively low coefficient of friction, the axles
are subjected to extremely little drag due to the effects of
friction and as a result the vehicle speed and the time the vehicle
is able to coast under a given push force, and thus the distance of
travel, are substantially increased. Similarly, the use of the
heavy slug and plate adds weight to the vehicle to increase its
momentum and thus also increase its travel distance.
Referring again to FIG. 1 of the drawings, it is seen that the
illustrative embodiment of the invention illustrated is used in
conjunction with a racing type sub-miniature toy vehicle. This
vehicle is provided with rear wheels whose diameter is somewhat
larger than the front wheels to simulate the actual design of
full-scale automotive racing vehicles. Thus, the rear axle of the
wheels 24 is at a somewhat higher location with respect to the base
of the underplate 18 than is the axle for the front wheels 22. To
achive this configuration, the recess 28 in slug 14 is made
somewhat deeper than the recess 26, and the channel 32
corresponding to recess 28 is similarly made deeper. In addition,
the rear portion 68 of insert 16 is formed as a raised surface,
(FIG. 4) so as to close the opening of the rear channel 32 at a
higher lever. As a result, a more pleasing toy is provided with no
additional assembly work required. Additionally, the use of the
larger rear wheels provides better tracking, road stability, and
other similar advantages to the operation of the miniature
vehicle.
In an alternate construction, not illustrated, the axle receiving
channels may be formed entirely within the thickness of the plastic
insert, thus obviating the necessity for providing the recesses in
the slug. In yet another construction the recesses are made deeper
than the channels so that independent movement of the channels
vis-a-vis the slug is possible. This structure provides a more
resilient axle support.
The slug 14 also includes a pair of depending front and rear
extensions 70, which provided added mass to the slug. These
extensions extend beyond surface 30 a distance equal to the
combined total of the thicknesses of inserts 16 and underplate 18,
so that a completely flat surface is provided to the underside of
the vehicle when it is in its assembled configuration. This
provides a more realistic appearance to the vehicle than has been
attained with previously proposed constructions wherein the axles
merely extend through holes in the vehicle body or in U-shaped
clips extending from the vehicle body.
It will be readily understood by those skilled in the Art that the
wheels 22 may have an axial bore 52 that is somewhat larger than
the diameter of the wheel axle 20 so that the wheel is freely
rotatable on the axle. This is particularly advantageous when the
structure of FIG. 6 is employed and the wheels are made of a
material having a low coefficient of friction.
It is thus seen that a relatively simple and inexpensive chassis
assembly is provided for miniature toy vehicles. The chassis
assembly includes a unitary bearing construction which is readily
assembled and which avoids the application of unnecessary friction
to the wheel axles. The bearings are in a unitary construction so
that standardized construction is accomplished with accurate
spacing of the vehicle wheels in each toy manufactured. Moreover,
the construction permits the removable mounting of the chassis and
wheels to permit interchangeability of the vehicle body.
Although an illustrative embodiment of the present invention has
been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings,
it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to that
precise embodiment and that various changes and modifications may
be effected therein by one skilled in the Art without departing
from the scope or spirit of this invention.
* * * * *