U.S. patent number 3,704,474 [Application Number 05/191,317] was granted by the patent office on 1972-12-05 for method of string-lasting.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Compo Industries, Inc.. Invention is credited to Julius G. Winkler.
United States Patent |
3,704,474 |
Winkler |
December 5, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
METHOD OF STRING-LASTING
Abstract
The method of shoe making which comprises placing an insole on
the bottom of a last, string-lasting an upper onto the last over
the exposed face of the insole while holding the inner side of the
lasting margin spaced from the edge face of the insole and
thereafter forming an outsole against the insole and lasting margin
of the upper by injection molding.
Inventors: |
Winkler; Julius G. (Lexington,
MA) |
Assignee: |
Compo Industries, Inc.
(Waltham, MA)
|
Family
ID: |
22705010 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/191,317 |
Filed: |
October 21, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
12/145 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B29D
35/061 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B29D
31/50 (20060101); B29D 31/508 (20060101); A43d
021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;12/145,128R,133R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawson; Patrick D.
Claims
I claim:
1. The method of making a shoe with an insole and an outsole, the
latter being comprised of an elastomer, comprising supporting the
insole on the bottom of a last, providing an upper with a lasting
string along its lasting margin, placing the upper on the last with
its lasting margin projecting upwardly from the bottom, holding the
margin spaced from the edge of the insole, drawing said lasting
string tight to pull the lasting margin inwardly over the bottom of
the insole while holding the margin spaced from the edge of the
insole, supporting said string-lasted upper in engagement with a
mold containing a cavity corresponding in dimensions to the outsole
to be applied, and injecting an elastomeric bottom-forming
composition into said cavity against the insole and lasting
margin.
2. The method of making a shoe with an insole and an outsole, the
latter being comprised of an elastomer, comprising supporting the
insole on the bottom of a last, providing an upper with a lasting
string along its lasting margin, placing the upper on the last with
its lasting margin projecting upwardly from the bottom, providing
spacing means between the edge face of the insole at the inner side
of the upwardly projecting lasting margin for holding the lasting
margin spaced from the edge of the insole, drawing the lasting
string tight to pull the lasting margin inwardly over the bottom
while held out of engagement with the edge face of the insole,
supporting the lasted upper in engagement with a mold containing a
cavity corresponding in dimensions to the outsole to be applied,
and injecting an elastomeric bottom-forming composition into the
cavity against the insole and surrounding lasting margin.
3. The method of making a shoe with an insole and an outsole, the
latter being comprised of an elastomer, comprising placing the
insole on the bottom of a last, providing an upper with a lasting
string along its lasting margin, mounting the upper on the last
with its lasting margin projecting upwardly from the bottom,
providing means at the edge of the last bottom between the edge
face of the insole and the inner side of the upstanding lasting
margin for constraining the insole against lateral movement on the
bottom and for holding the lasting margin away from said edge face,
drawing the lasting string tight to pull the lasting margin
inwardly over the top of said means onto the insole while held out
of engagement with the edge face by said means, supporting the
lasted upper in engagement with a mold containing a cavity
corresponding to the dimensions of the outsole to be applied, and
injecting an elastomeric bottom-forming composition into the cavity
against the insole and the lasting margin.
4. The method of string-lasting an upper onto an insole supported
on a last for making a shoe provided with an insole and an
elastomeric outsole, comprising placing the insole on the bottom of
the last, providing an upper with a lasting string along its
lasting margin, mounting the upper on the last with its lasting
margin projecting upwardly from the bottom, holding the inner side
of the lasting margin spaced from the edge of the insole, and while
so holding the lasting margin spaced from the edge of the insole
drawing the lasting string tight to pull the lasting margin
inwardly onto the bottom of the insole.
5. The method of string-lasting an upper onto an insole supported
on a last preparatory to making a shoe with an insole and an
elastomeric outsole, comprising placing the insole on the bottom of
the last, providing an upper with a lasting string along its
lasting margin, placing the upper on the last with the lasting
margin projecting upwardly from the bottom, providing at the edge
of the last bottom a spacing member having a smooth outer surface
forming a continuation of the side surface of the last, a smooth
top surface substantially flush with said exposed surface of the
insole, and an inner surface of a configuration such as to have
contact with the edge face of the insole, and drawing the lasting
string tight to pull the lasting margin inwardly over said spacer
onto the exposed surface of the insole.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the inner surface of
the spacer is slightly re-entrant so as to wedgingly receive said
insole.
7. The method of string-lasting an upper onto an insole supported
on a last preparatory to making a shoe with an insole and an
elastomeric outsole, comprising providing a last with an upstanding
lip projecting from its bottom, said lip defining a cavity at the
bottom corresponding in shape and depth to the shape and thickness
of the insole, said lip having an outer surface forming a
continuation of the side surface of the last and a top surface
substantially flush with the exposed surface of the insole, placing
the insole within said cavity and string-lasting an upper to the
last to draw the lasting margin inwardly over the exposed surface
of the insole.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the outer side and top of
the lip are smooth and rigid.
9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the inner side of the lip
is re-entrant.
10. A method according to claim 7, wherein the lip is formed
integral with the bottom of the last.
11. The method of string-lasting an upper to an insole supported on
a last preparatory to making a shoe with an insole and an
elastomeric outsole, comprising placing an adhesive-coated insole
on the bottom of the last with the adhesive-coated side exposed,
providing an upper with a lasting string along its lasting margin,
mounting the upper on the last with its lasting margin projecting
upwardly from the bottom of the last, and while holding the lasting
margin spaced from the edge face of the insole drawing the lasting
string tight to pull the lasting margin inwardly over the exposed
surface of the insole.
12. A last for use in making a shoe according to claim 1, said last
having at its bottom an upstanding peripherally disposed lip, said
lip defining a cavity at the bottom corresponding in configuration
to the shape of the insole and in depth to the thickness of the
insole.
13. A last according to claim 12, wherein said lip has an outer
smooth surface comprising a continuation of the side surface of the
last and a smooth slightly convex top surface.
14. A last according to claim 12, wherein the inner side of the lip
is slightly re-entrant.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
String-lasting an upper to a last for the purpose of applying an
elastomeric bottom thereto by compression or injection molding is
disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,878,523, 3,129,519,
3,249,955 and 3,570,151. In the aforesaid patents the shoe
structure does not include an insole and when it becomes desirable
to make a shoe embodying an insole problems are encountered during
the string-lasting of the upper to the last for if the insole is
not attached in some way to the last bottom the string-lasting
operation if not performed with care may shift the insole laterally
or skew it relatively to the bottom and even if the insole is
securely fastened the drafting of the upper over the edge face of
the insole tends to lift the edge and/or separate or fray the edge.
Moreover, if a relatively thick insole is employed the frictional
resistance to drafting of the lasting margin over the edge face
makes it difficult to properly constrict the lasting margin so as
to lay it smoothly in place. Additionally, if the insole extends
all the way to the inner side of the lasting margin it resists
shrinkage of the outsole at the interfaces during cooling and since
the lower face of the insole is free to shrink it causes the edge
face of the insole to slope inwardly a noticeable mount. The
purpose of this invention is to provide a method of making shoes
with insoles which may be incorporated during the injection molding
of the bottom thereto in such fashion as to avoid the aforesaid
problem.
SUMMARY
As herein illustrated, the method comprises supporting an insole on
the bottom of a last, providing an upper with a lasting string
along its lasting margin, placing the upper on the last with its
margin extending upwardly from the bottom, holding the lasting
margin spaced from the edge of the insole, drawing the lasting
string to pull the lasting margin inwardly over the bottom of the
insole while holding said margin spaced from the edge, supporting
the string-lasted upper in engagement with a mold containing a
cavity corresponding to the dimensions of the outsole to be applied
and injecting an elastomeric bottom-forming composition into said
cavity against the insole and lasting margin. According to the
invention the lasting margin is held away from the edge face of the
insole by a spacing member mounted on the bottom of the last
peripherally thereof and such spacing member, as herein
illustrated, comprises an upstanding lip formed integral with the
bottom of the last which defines a cavity at the bottom of the last
corresponding in shape to the insole and in depth to the thickness
of the insole. The lip has an outer surface comprising a
continuation of the side of the last, an upper surface which is
slightly convex and substantially flush with the exposed surface of
an insole deposited in the cavity and an inside surface for
engagement with the edge face of the insole, said inside surface
being optionally slightly re-entrant so as to wedgingly receive the
insole. The outer and upper sides of the lip have smooth polished
surfaces.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with
reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a transverse vertical section through the forepart of a
shoe embodying an insole and an outsole comprised of an elastomer
made according to this invention;
FIG. 2 is a corresponding section of a shoe made without following
the procedure of the invention herein described;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an insole for incorporation in a shoe;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a closed upper with a lasting string
along its lasting margin;
FIG. 5 is a transverse section of a last used in carrying out the
method;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of a last shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a transverse section of a last provided with a modified
lip;
FIG. 8 shows the first step in performing the method wherein the
insole is mounted on the bottom and the upper is mounted on the
last with the lasting margin projecting upwardly from the bottom
thereof;
FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 with the lasting margin
drawn inwardly over the bottom of the insole;
FIG. 10 is a section showing the lasted upper held in engagement
with a mold cavity preparatory to injection molding of an
outsole;
FIG. 11 is a plan view at the bottom of a last showing the use of
pins at the bottom about which the lasting string is adapted to be
looped to pull the margin in at the shank;
FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 11 wherein lengths of
string are looped about the lasting string at opposite sides of the
shank to draw the margin in at the shank;
FIG. 13 is a view corresponding to FIG. 11 in which a shank plate
provided with prongs is employed, the lasting string being looped
about the prongs; and
FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 11 in which the lasting
string embodies a constrictive loop or loops for drawing the
lasting margin in at the shank.
Referring to the drawings, the shoe which is to be made comprises
an upper 10 of suitable material, natural or man-made, an insole 12
also of natural or man-made material and an outsole 14 comprised of
an elastomer which is applied by an injection molding process.
The insole 12 is preferably coated with a suitable adhesive 16
which is compatible with the elastomer of the outsole which is to
be applied thereto and which will enhance the bond between the
insole and the outsole.
The upper 10, which is closed, has applied to the edge of its
lasting margin 18 by means of overedge stitching 20 a lasting
string 22, the ends 24--24 of the latter being adapted to be drawn
tight to constrict the lasting margin.
In the performance of the method, as will be described, a metal
last L, such as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, is employed which has
peripherally of its bottom an upstanding lip 26, the lip defining a
cavity 28 at the bottom of the last which corresponds in shape to
the insole and in depth to the thickness of the insole. The lip
may, for example, be in the order of 5/64 of an inch in height and
3/32 of an inch in width. As illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 the
outer surface of the lip comprises a smooth continuation of the
outer surface of the last, the top surface is slightly convex and
the inner surface is substantially perpendicular to the bottom
surface of the last. Optionally, the inner surface, as shown in
FIG. 7, may be slightly re-entrant throughout its entire length or
the inner surface may have at peripherally spaced intervals
inwardly extending re-entrant projections.
In accordance with the performance of the method the insole 12 is
mounted on the bottom of the last within the cavity 28 with its
edge face in engagement with the inner side of the lip. If the last
as shown in FIG. 7 is employed, the insole, when pressed into the
cavity, becomes wedgingly engaged therein and this formation may be
desired to make sure that the insole is not accidentally lifted out
of the recess. Preferably the depth of the cavity is such that the
upper edge of the lip is slightly above the exposed surface of the
insole when the latter is placed in the cavity. The upper 10 is now
placed over the last, as shown in FIG. 8, so that its lasting
margin 18 projects upwardly from the bottom of the last whereupon
the ends 24--24 of the lasting string are drawn tight to pull the
lasting margin 18 inwardly over the lip and onto the exposed
surface of the insole as shown in FIG. 9. The lip 26 holds the
inner side of the upper and lasting margin away from the edge face
of the insole during the upward and inward drafting movement of the
lasting margin so that such movement cannot possibly lift the edge
of the insole away from the bottom and or shift it laterally or
skew it relative to the bottom or, for example, damage the edge of
the insole by spreading or fraying the edge. Moreover, because the
lip is rigid and has a smooth polished surface the frictional
engagement of the inner side of the upper therewith during the
drafting and lasting is materially lessened so that the
string-lasting operation can be easily performed with the least
amount of effort and in a manner such as to lay the lasting margin
smoothly over the insole and uniformly about the shoulder of the
last.
The string-lasting may be effected in any of several known
procedures; for example, as shown in FIG. 11, by providing pins 11
at the bottom of the last and holes 13 in the insole through which
they project, upon which loops 15 of the lasting string may be
disposed to constrict the lasting margin at the shank, or, as shown
in FIG. 12, lengths of string 17 may be looped from one side to the
other about the lasting string at the shank to draw the lasting
margin together at the shank, or, as shown in FIG. 13, a shank
plate 19 provided with prongs 21, as shown in the aforesaid U.S.
Pat. No. 3,249,555, may be mounted on the bottom at the shank and
the lasting string 22 looped about the prongs, and finally, as
shown in FIG. 14, a double loop 23 arrangement may be employed as
shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,570,151, to enable drawing the lasting
margin snugly in at the shank.
Having lasted the upper to the last and insole the lasted upper is
now placed in engagement with the lip 30 surrounding the cavity 32
in a mold assembly 34 for injection molding whereupon an elastomer
of suitable kind is injected into this mold cavity against the
exposed surface of the insole and the lasted upper to form the
outsole 14.
In carrying out the method of string-lasting on a last such as
shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the presence of the lip 26 provides a
clearance between the upper and the edge face of the insole in
addition to the fact that it retains the insole in position and
enables easy and smooth lasting of the lasting margin over the
bottom without displacing or roughing the edge so that when the
outsole is applied by the injection molding process shrinkage of
the outsole during cooling will be permitted without distortion of
the outsole. In the absence of such a clearance the insole prevents
shrinkage of the outsole at its interfaces and since the lower part
of the outsole is not so restrained the edge faces will be caused
to slope toward each other from the inside to the outside, as shown
in FIG. 2.
In the practice of the invention it is desirable to heat the last,
an expedient which is commonly used and hence need not be described
further herein. It is also desirable to preheat the upper to
provide for maximum flexibility during the string-lasting operation
and also to avoid chilling of the elastomeric bottom-forming
composition as the latter is injected into the mold cavity against
the bottom so as to afford a maximum bond. As related above, an
adhesive is applied to the surface of the insole which may be a
vinyl or polyurethane. The elastomeric bottom-forming composition
employed is PVC; however, other materials of a comparable make-up
may be employed.
It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the
purpose of illustration only and that this invention includes all
modifications and equivalents falling within the scope of the
appended claims.
* * * * *