U.S. patent number 3,703,898 [Application Number 05/058,569] was granted by the patent office on 1972-11-28 for teat dilator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Jules Silver. Invention is credited to Eli A. Zackheim.
United States Patent |
3,703,898 |
Zackheim |
November 28, 1972 |
TEAT DILATOR
Abstract
A teat dilator for insertion into the canal opening in a cow's
teat and characterized by a multi-sided frame of more than two
members joined together; the frame providing a cavity which may be
used for carrying a medicament into the canal and the members
forming the frame being made of resilient plastic material so that
the dilator will deform on insertion into the opening but expand
again after passing through the opening to support and separate the
canal walls, the dilator being adaptable to fit into and be useful
with canals of varying length.
Inventors: |
Zackheim; Eli A. (Norwich,
CT) |
Assignee: |
Silver; Jules (Norwich,
CT)
|
Family
ID: |
22017643 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/058,569 |
Filed: |
July 27, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
604/105;
606/191 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61D
1/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61D
1/00 (20060101); A61D 1/02 (20060101); A61m
035/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;119/14.19,14.2,14.21
;128/130,131,260,261,341,348 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Chamblee; Hugh R.
Claims
What is Claimed:
1. A teat dilator adapted to be inserted into a canal opening of a
cow's teat and comprising a multisided, flexible, resilient,
elongated open frame having four members joined together to form
the frame, said frame being open at opposed sides providing an
opening adapted to receive a medicament said members being formed
of resilient plastic material, a first set of two members being
joined together to provide an elongated nose portion for insertion
into the canal opening, said first two members extending outwardly
from said nose portion and connected at their most outwardly
expanse to a second set of two members to form said frame, said
second set being joined together at their ends away from the
connection to said first set to provide a stop means and limit the
extent of insertion of said frame into said canal, said frame
members being spaced widest apart at the connection at the first
set of members to the second set of members and its members being
deformable inwardly on entering the canal opening whereby the
deformed dilator may be gradually inserted therein and may expand
and adjust to conform to various size teat openings.
2. A teat dilator as defined in claim 1 wherein shoulder portions
are provided on the two members forming the nose, the shoulders
being adjacent to the points where the two members are joined to
the second set of members, said shoulders adapted to assist holding
the dilator in place in the canal.
3. A teat dilator as defined in claim 1 and further including a
drainage opening in said frame and positioned opposite the nose
portion.
4. A teat dilator as defined in claim 3 and also including a
removable plug inserted in the drainage opening and adapted to be
removed therefrom.
5. A teat dilator adapted to be inserted into a canal opening of a
cow's teat and comprising a multisided, flexible and resilient
frame having at least four members joined together to form the
frame, said frame being open at opposed sides, said members being
formed of resilient plastic material, a first set of two members
being joined together to provide an elongated nose portion for
insertion into the canal opening, said first two members extending
outwardly from said nose portion and connected at their most
outwardly expanse to a second set of two members to form said
frame, said second set being joined together at their ends away
from the connection to said first set, said members being
deformable inwardly on entering the canal opening whereby the
deformed dilator may be gradually inserted therein and may expand
and adjust to conform to various size teat openings, a drainage
opening in said frame positioned opposite the nose portion, a
removable plug inserted in the drainage opening and adapted to be
removed therefrom, said plug including a nose portion adapted to
extend through the drainage opening to hold the plug in position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Teat dilators of various types have been used for many years in an
attempt to open the canal of a cow's teat. Among the purposes of
the dilators are to aid in healing an infected canal, and also to
assist milk-out for hard-to-milk cows. One type of a dilator is
formed from molded plastic and functions primarily as a wedge which
may be driven into the clogged canal. Such a dilator is shown in
U.S. Pat. No. 2,664,984, issued Jan. 5, 1954 to Gariepy. This type
of dilator is of limited value.
Another type of dilator used heretofore is shown in U.S. Pat. No.
2,827,054, issued Mar. 18, 1958 to Towne. The dilator shown therein
is of the wire type which is folded in the form of a sear spring.
It is inserted into the canal and allowed to expand, thus opening
the canal. This type of dilator is similar to a pipe cleaner except
that there is a certain amount of resiliency in the wire which is
used. The wire type of dilator often times exerts too constant and
too strong a pressure on the canal walls and may actually prove an
irritant, promoting ulceration and preventing healing.
Other types of dilators have built-in prongs which bit into the
canal walls and lock themselves onto delicate tissues. These cause
injury to the animal if great care is not exercised in removing
them.
Still another type of dilator uses materials which swell in the
presence of fluid. Again, these have the problem of either being
too tight or too loose depending on the size of the canal
opening.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a
teat dilator which may be of a universal application in that it
will accommodate itself to the canal openings of various cows by
exerting a sufficient pressure to keep the walls of the canals
apart but not such extreme pressure to irritate or injure the
animals. This is accomplished by using resilient plastic material
formed as a flexible wedge frame forming a cavity in which a
medicament may be placed and inserted into the canal opening.
A dilator in accordance with the present invention will promote
healing in a canal by keeping the injured walls apart while at the
same time relaxing and strengthening the sphincter muscles by
bringing fresh blood to the point of dilation and to the muscles.
It may further act as a mechanical means of applying and keeping
medication at the point of injury or infection in the cow. Since
the dilator is resilient enough to keep the canal open, it will
prevent narrowing of the canal due to contraction of scar tissue.
It also inhibits scab formation, thus preventing subsequent
bleeding from scab removal during milking. Finally, the dilator can
aid in the milking-out of cows who are normally hard to milk.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a partially fragmentary view showing a dilator in
accordance with the present invention inserted into a container
containing a medicament such as petroleum jelly, into which has
been compounded a desired drug;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the dilator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along lines 3--3 of FIG. 2 showing the
open frame and cavity for carrying the medicament;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a dilator with medicament in the cavity
shown in position before being inserted into the canal of a
teat;
FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the dilator inserted into a teat canal
and exerting a minimum amount of pressure on the canal walls;
and
FIG. 6 is another embodiment of a dilator with a drainage plug
added.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to the drawings and to FIGS. 1 through 5 in particular, a
teat dilator 10 is shown which has a central opening or cavity 12
in which may be carried a lubricated medicament 14 such as
petroleum jelly which is held in a container 16. A number of
dilators may be inserted into a container of material and as
required one may be extracted. When the dilator is extracted, the
cavity will be filled with the material so that it will be ready
for use in treating an animal without the necessity of further
handling of the medicament.
The illustrated dilator 10 has a grip tab or touch 18 which
provides the means of taking hold of the dilator without danger of
contaminating the medicament. A stop 20 is provided adjacent to the
tab 18 and serves the dual purpose of preventing the dilator from
being inserted too far into the container 16 as well as preventing
it from being inserted too far into the canal "C" of the teat "T".
Extending upwardly from the stop 20 is a stub portion 22 from which
a pair of arms 24 extend outwardly. At the end 26 of the arms 24
away from the stub 22, a second pair of arms 27 are provided and
these arms 27 converge together from the outward position at 26;
and meet to form an elongated nose portion 28. At the point of
juncture 26 of the arms 24 and 27 rounded shoulder portions 30 free
of teat irritating projections may be provided to assist in holding
the dilator in the canal when in use.
As shown in FIG. 5 in particular, the dilator is deformed by the
muscles of the teat after it has been inserted into place. The
canal "C" is funnel shaped and above it is the interior portion of
the teat called the cistern "CI". Due to the frame design of the
dilator 10 the walls of the canal are forced apart under sufficient
pressure to keep them in that position but without the danger of
providing too much pressure and causing irritation. Advantageously
the frame utilizes the funnel fit to help hold itself in place.
In some cases the dilator will reopen to its full expansion after
it has been inserted into the canal. This of course will depend
upon the length and shape of the particular canal.
The length of cows' teat or streak canals vary substantially from 4
to 15 mm. With some cows it may be as short as 4 to 5 mm. Thus, it
is apparent that in order for a teat dilator to function correctly
it must be able to adapt itself to such varying canal lengths.
In the illustrated embodiments the stub is about 5 mm. long and the
canal about 10 mm. long. With the shortest canals this brings the
entire frame into the cistern and the stub holds back the canal
walls. The arms 24 are about 10 mm. long and with longer canals
they act to hold back the inner portion of the canal walls and to
prevent drop out of the dilator. With a construction such as this,
the shoulder portions 30 are advantageously within the cistern.
This permits the shoulders to function as supports for the dilator
when in use and also to prevent drop out.
Preferably the dilator is made from a resilient plastic material
which will not infect the animal. Among the materials which are
suitable for forming the dilator are ethylene vinyl acetate and the
various vinyls.
Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 6. As shown therein, the
dilator 10a is formed quite similar to the first embodiment. In
dilator 10a the arms 24 are joined together at a rounded junction
32. The embodiment 10a does not have a grip tab 18 or touch.
However, it does have a drainage opening 34 in the form of a short
canal.
Into the opening 34 is fitted a plug 36 which includes a grip 38, a
shaft 40 and, if desired, a nose portion 42.
In actual use the dilator 10a with the plug 36 in place functions
in the same manner as dilator 10 and is inserted in the same
fashion. After the dilator 10a has been in place and, if used, the
medicament 14 allowed to function, it may be advantageous to drain
the teat "T". This may be accomplished while still retaining the
dilator 10a in place. To do this the plug 36 is simply extracted
from the drainage canal 34. Because of the shortness of the stub
22a any accummulated fluid in the cistern of the teat will drain
off while the dilator 10a continues to function.
the plug 36 may be fitted into the canal 34 and held in place by a
friction fit or the nose 42 may be the principal retention
means.
In some applications the stub 22 may be eliminated and the arms 24
joined directly to the stop 20.
While in the description of the preferred embodiments and in the
claims, the general term "medicament" is used, it is to be
understood that it includes materials which are used primarily as a
lubricant to salve with or without the addition of a particular
drug. In some cases it may be desirable to use the dilator merely
to insert a salve into the cow's canal and plain petroleum jelly
will be suitable for this purpose.
* * * * *