U.S. patent number 3,702,014 [Application Number 05/116,779] was granted by the patent office on 1972-11-07 for squib ejected marker buoy.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to Warren H. Biegler, Raymond E. Kelly, James L. Rabon.
United States Patent |
3,702,014 |
Rabon , et al. |
November 7, 1972 |
SQUIB EJECTED MARKER BUOY
Abstract
The invention disclosed is an improved buoy and
storage-launching arranget therefor. The buoy has a buoyant body
portion with a spring extension protruding upwardly from the upper
portion thereof. A spool containing a suitable length of
lightweight line, which may be unwound axially therefrom, is
secured to the lower portion of the body portion. Clip means secure
the spring extension to the side of the device and secure the body
to an anchor, which has an explosive actuation squib thereon, in
such a manner as to form a compact cylindrical arrangement which
may be explosively expelled from a cylindrical storage
compartment.
Inventors: |
Rabon; James L. (Panama City,
FL), Biegler; Warren H. (Panama City, FL), Kelly; Raymond
E. (Panama City, FL) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Navy (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
22369168 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/116,779 |
Filed: |
February 19, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
441/6;
441/24 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B63B
22/003 (20130101); B63B 2205/06 (20130101); B63B
2207/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B63B
22/00 (20060101); B63b 021/52 () |
Field of
Search: |
;9/8,9 ;340/2,3R
;116/124.1,124B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Buchler; Milton
Assistant Examiner: O'Connor; Gregory W.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A marker system for marking the instantaneous position of a
vehicle being towed in a body of fluid comprising in
combination:
float means for visually indicating a position on the surface of
said body of fluid;
extension means attached to one end of said float means and
extending therefrom for aiding in the visual location of said float
means, said extension means being made of resilient material,
whereby it may be positioned alongside said float means;
spool means attached to the other end of said float means for
releasable storage of a predetermined length of line thereon;
anchor means for establishing a fixed reference point for said
marker system, said anchor means including a cylindrical weight
portion having a diameter approximately the same as that of said
spool means, a neckdown portion having a diameter somewhat less
than that of said cylindrical weight portion effectively joined
with said cylindrical weight portion, a cylindrical portion having
the same diameter as said cylindrical weight portion and having a
hollow void therein enclosed by frangible wall portions, and
explosive charge means enclosed within said hollow void for
explosively separating said frangible wall portions;
line means attached to the neckdown portion of said anchor means at
one end thereof and to said spool means at the other end thereof
and wound about said spool means therebetween for securing said
float means to said anchor means when deployed within said body of
fluid; and
clip means extending between said spool means and said anchor means
for effecting releasable connection therebetween and for securing
said extension means alongside of said float means prior to the
deployment thereof.
2. A marker system according to claim 1 in which said float means
comprises a cylindrical foam plastic body member.
3. A marker system according to claim 1 further comprising:
fastener means extending through said spool means and said float
means and attached to said extension means for unification thereof
into a float assembly.
4. A marker system according to claim 3 further comprising means
effectively connected to the aforesaid anchor means and cooperating
with said fastener means for providing axial alignment
therebetween.
5. A marker system as set forth in claim 1 in which said spool
means is characterized as having a straight upper flange and a
weighted lower flange constructed in such a manner as to provide a
stabilizing ballast for said float means.
6. A marker system as set forth in claim 5 wherein said weighted
lower flange is further characterized as having rounded and smooth
corner portions for the aforesaid line means to be pulled thereover
as it is axially drawn off said spool means.
7. A marker system as set forth in claim 1 further comprising
suitable electrical primer means passing through one of said
frangible wall portions of said base portion in such a manner as to
be operatively positioned with respect to said explosive charge
means for ignition thereof.
8. A marker system according to claim 7 further comprising in
combination:
connector means engaging said electrical primer means for
transferring electrical power thereto, for supporting said anchor
means, and for effectively supporting said float means through the
aforesaid clip means;
breech block means connected to said connector means for the
support of said float means and anchor means thereby; and
manifold means attached to the aforesaid towed vehicle and having a
cylindrical barrel therein for enclosure of said float means and
anchor means, and having fasteners thereon for holding said breech
block means thereon.
9. A marker system for marking on the surface of a body of water
the instantaneous position of a vehicle towed therein comprising in
combination:
manifold means extending outwardly from said vehicle means and
having cylindrical barrel means therein;
removable breech block means for timely closing one end of said
barrel means;
connector means extending from said breech block means and in
alignment with said barrel means for transferring electrical power
therethrough; and
marker buoy means attached to said connector means for support
thereby within said barrel means in said manifold means, said
marker buoy comprising in combination:
anchor means having a weighted portion and a hollow, frangible
portion;
explosive charge means within said hollow, frangible portion for
selectively shattering said hollow frangible portion and expelling
said marker buoy means from said barrel means;
primer means extending within said hollow, frangible portion for
communicating with said explosive charge means for selective
ignition thereof, and attached to said connector means for
receiving actuating electrical power therefrom;
float means having a generally cylindrical shape for marking a
position on the surface of said body of water;
extension means on one end of said float means and constructed of a
resilient material permitting it to be bent and constrained to lie
along one side of said float means for compact storage, and
permitting self extension thereof in such manner as to extend above
said float means for increasing the visibility thereof;
reel means releasably attached to the other end of said float means
for storing mooring line thereon;
fastener means passing through said float means and cooperating
with said reel means and said extension means to effect a unitary
structure therefrom;
line means, one end of which is attached to said reel means and
wound thereabout and the other end of which is attached to said
anchor means, for providing connection therebetween when deployed;
and
clip means extending between said reel means and said anchor means
and attached thereto in such a fashion as to be readily removed
therefrom by water flow thereacross for providing connection
therebetween prior to deployment and during periods of storage.
Description
STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT INTEREST
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or
for the Government of the United States of America for governmental
purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or
therefor.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to an improved marine marker buoy and an
arrangement for launching the buoy in response to an electrical
signal. Marker buoys of this type are used to mark the location of
a point of interest, for example, a submerged object, on the
featureless surface of a body of water. The particular application
to which the device of the invention has been directed is the
marking of a position relative to the instantaneous position of a
towed device. This device may be, for example, a sonar vehicle and
the marker used to mark the position of a target for subsequent
investigation by a team of divers. The marker, launched by remote
control from the tow vehicle, marks the desired position much more
accurately than markers deployed from the tow vehicle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
A variety of marker buoys and marker buoy applications are known in
the prior art. This invention will be described as it pertains to
minesweeping and salvage operations. For the most part, the prior
art buoys do not lend themselves to remote positioning. The most
commonly used method of marker deployment jetsons the buoy from the
tow vehicle. With conventional surface type tow vehicles, such
deployment is satisfactory, since the relationship between the tow
vehicle and the towed vehicle is primarily determined by the length
of the tow line and, therefore, relatively constant.
When aerial tow vehicles and rapidly moving surface tow vehicles
are used, the placement of the marker near the target detected by
the towed vehicle is much more difficult. Dropping conventional
markers from aircraft tows sometimes results in gross errors. These
errors cause delay in the swimmer-diver teams operations and
uncertainties of the location of the object which was intended to
be marked. Such delays and uncertainties result in repeated towing
efforts and requirements for larger complements of diving
personnel.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art by
providing an improved buoy construction that may be fitted into a
compact storage and deployment assembly. Further, the device may be
carried by the towed instrument vehicle and launched by remote
control from the tow vehicle or in response to electrical signals
generated within the towed vehicle.
With the foregoing operational considerations in mind, it is an
object of the present invention to provide an improved marker buoy
system.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a
marker buoy with an explosive squib attached thereto.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a marker buoy
having an electrically actuated firing squib cooperatively disposed
therewith.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a
marker buoy having a spring extension attached to the upper portion
of said buoy and collapsibly mounted thereon and adapted for
automatic extension upon launch of said marker buoy.
Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a
marker buoy which may be stored and launched from a cylindrical
tube carried in a position remote from its actuation point.
Still a further object of the invention is the provision of a
marker buoy assembly containing an anchor assembly, mooring line
storage assembly, and launching assembly.
Another object of the instant invention is the provision of an
improved marker buoy and cooperating launching assembly.
Other objects and many of the attendant advantages will be readily
appreciated as the subject invention becomes better understood by
reference to the following detailed description, when considered in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the marker assembly of the invention
being launched from a towed vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the launching arrangement for the buoy of
the invention partially disassembled;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the buoy of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the buoy of the invention closed for
storage prior to launch; and
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the anchor assembly portion
of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, towed vehicle 11 is shown being propelled
through the water by a tow cable 12 which also contains electrical
conductors for the transfer of power and electrical command
signals. Other arrangements in which the towed vehicle is
self-powered are also known in the prior arts and may also employ
the device of the invention. For purposes of completeness, vehicle
11 may be considered to be that shown and described in U.S. Pat.
No. 3,005,973 to H. Kietz titled "Submarine Locating System,"
although, obviously, other arrangements may be used.
On either side of towed vehicle 11 manifolds 13, one visible in
FIG. 1, protrude. Manifold 13 houses the buoy assemblies of the
invention and ejects them on command. One such buoy assembly is
shown at 14 being ejected from manifold 13. FIG. 1 also shows a
buoy according to the invention deployed with float assembly 15
joined to anchor assembly 16 by line 17. Buoy assemblies 14 may be
ejected by remote control, that is by using command signals
transmitted by electrical conductors, not shown, which are
component parts of tow cable 12, or, alternately, they may be
ejected in response to a command signal which is generated by the
electronic device carried within towed vehicle 11 in response to
detecting objects having predetermined characteristics.
Referring to FIG. 2, manifold 13 is seen to have three major
structural parts. A main housing 18, an extension 19, and a breech
block 21. Breech block 21, sometimes referred to as a strongback,
is made to withstand the explosive action of the ejection squib, to
be more completely described herein. Breech block 21 mounts on main
housing 18 by means of threaded fasteners 22 extending therefrom.
Fasteners 22 extend through holes 23 in breech block 21 to fasten
it over the breech ends of barrels 24 with the aid of retaining
nuts now shown. A plurality of barrels 24 are arranged in a line
extending along a line parallel to the fore and aft axis of towed
vehicle 11 and extend through main housing 18 and through extension
19 with their muzzles on the lower surface thereof.
Along the center line of breech block 21, a row of suitable
electrical connectors 25 is located. Connectors 25 are spaced so as
to be separated by the same distance as the distance between center
lines of barrels 24. Connectors 25 mate with suitable connectors on
the buoy firing squibs, to be described, in such a manner as to
provide electrical connection therewith and physical support
therefor. Electrical connection is made with connectors 25 by means
of a cable 26 and a watertight fitting 27. Cable 26 may pass
through the side of tow vehicle 11 at a suitable point, not shown,
to communicate with the command circuitry contained therein or with
the conductors of tow cable 11.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the constructional details of the buoy of
the invention will be described. Buoy assembly 14 comprises a float
assembly 15, an anchor assembly 16, an anchor line 17 connected
therebetween, suitable retaining clips 28 and a cylindrical sleeve
29. These respective parts cooperate in a fashion to be described
herein.
As shown, float assembly 15 comprises an elongated, cylindrical
float body 31. A lightweight threaded fastener 32 passes through
float body 31 and secures a spool 33 and a mounting clip 34 to
opposite ends thereof. A marker extension 35 is attached to
mounting clip 34 to extend above float body 31. Extension 35 is
made of a resilient material which is self biasing to the extended
position, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Spring steel, such as used in
measuring rules, is one material from which extension 35 may be
made, however, other materials may be used, if desired. Likewise, a
variety of buoyant materials may be used for float body 31 such as
cork, lightweight foam plastics, or other suitable material. In
developmental models foam plastic has proven a satisfactory
material for this purpose.
It will also be observed that spool 33, which has line 17 attached
thereto and wound thereon, has a weighted lower flange 36. The
edges of flange 36 are rounded to permit line 17 to be axially
withdrawn from spool 33. The thickness of flange 36 is chosen to
provide sufficient weight to impart stability to float body 31 when
floating in a vertical position, but not so much weight as to
prevent a considerable portion thereof from extending above the
surface of the water. This position of flotation permits the buoy
of the invention to be more readily seen by swimmer personnel.
In addition to the relatively high flotation position, the
visibility of the buoy is also enhanced by painting, or otherwise
coloring, body portion 31 with a high visibility color such as that
known as international orange. Too, extension 35 may be brightly
colored or carry optical retro reflecting coatings. Although well
known, per se, such coloration and optical reflection coatings,
when applied to the structure of the invention, increase the
visibility thereof and thereby facilitate the location of the
device by diver personnel in such a manner as to contribute
significantly to the effectiveness of the invention.
Anchor assembly 16 comprises an enlarged weight portion 37, a
necked down portion 38, and a base and explosive squib portion 39.
Weight portion 37 has a depressed portion 41 in the center afore
end thereof to receive the end of threaded fastener 32 and thereby
permit compact storage. Quite naturally, the end of threaded
fastener 32 might be recessed in the weighted lower flange 36, if
desired, thereby making the provision of depressed portion 41
unnecessary from the standpoint of compact storage. The illustrated
construction has proven satisfactory and has the advantage of
permitting threaded fastener 32 and depressed portion 41 to
mutually cooperate in such a fashion as to comprise means for
providing axial alignment therebetween. However, it should be noted
that other structure, such as pins and apertures, might cooperate
in a similar fashion to provide this axial alignment.
Retaining clips 28 are semicylindrical metallic members with
suitably shaped tabs 42 extending inwardly from the top and bottom
edges thereof. When clips 28 are in place, tabs 42 cooperate with
the by light functional engagement unweighted flange of spool 33
and the lower edge of weight portion 37 in such a manner as to
secure anchor assembly 16 to float assembly 15. A cylindrical
sleeve 29 may be placed over retaining clips 28 to facilitate
handling and storage of the buoy of the invention. Sleeve 29 may be
removed prior to insertion of marker assembly in barrel 24 or
barrel 24 may be chambered to receive and retain sleeve 29.
Referring to FIG. 4, it may be seen that base and squib portion 39
of anchor assembly 16 has an electrical connector 43 extending from
the base thereof. Connector 43 mates with one of connectors 25 to
establish electrical connection therewith and to support the marker
buoy assembly therefrom within barrel 24. It may also be seen that
extension 35 folds back over float 31 to be held in place by clips
28. The position of cylindrical sleeve 29, when installed, is shown
in FIG. 4 by broken lines.
Referring to FIG. 5, one construction of the explosive squib of
base and squib portion 39 is shown. An electrically ignitable
primer 44, to which connector 43 is attached, threads into the
bottom surface 45 of base portion 39. Primer 44 extends through
bottom surface 45 to extend within a hollow void therewithin. An
explosive charge 46 contained within said void is of sufficient
strength and quantity to cause separation of base portion 39 along
a groove 47, or other suitable separation inducing structure. It
should be noted, that the construction of squib is exemplary and a
variety of conventional arrangements may be used, if desired.
Although the foregoing description of the device of the invention
is sufficiently complete to permit a person versed in the
oceanographic instrumentation arts to make and use the invention, a
more complete understanding thereof may be obtained by the
following description of the contemplated mode of operation and
appended claims.
MODE OF OPERATION
The operation of the device of the invention is rather
straightforward and is commenced with the towed vehicle 11 in an
undeployed position, i.e., on the deck of a surface tow vehicle or
on the ground in the case of aerial towing. With the vehicle in
such a position, breech block 21 is removed from main housing 18
and a plurality of buoy assemblies are mounted by turning the
entire assembly with connectors 43 and 25 held in engagement. This
operation is performed manually and repeated until a buoy assembly
is mounted on each connector 25 of breech block 21. Breech block 21
is then replaced on main housing 18 by inserting a buoy assembly
into each barrel 24. Holes 23 in breech block 21 are elongated to
permit some latitude in moving breech block 22 about in positioning
the buoys and still permit a cooperative fit with respect to
fasteners 22.
It should be noted, at this point, that individual buoy assemblies
may differ by the amounts of line 17 carried thereby or in the
color of float body 31 and extension 35, so that the particular
float assembly to be used may be selected in accordance with depth
of the water or the type of object to be marked thereby. Such
departures from the disclosed structure are considered well within
the normal skills of personnel familiar with the class of devices
described herein.
With the buoy assemblies in place, the towed vehicle is deployed in
its customary fashion. When a target is found, or when another
reason to deploy a marker occurs, a command circuit ignites a
selected primer 44 to explode charge 46. The explosion of charge 46
expells the selected buoy assembly from barrel 24, as shown in FIG.
1.
Once free of barrel 24, clips 28 fall away from the assembly. The
jettisoning of clips 28 from extension 35 is facilitated by the
inherent spring restoration force therein and by the hydrodynamic
drag offered by clips 28 to the water into which the buoy is
ejected. Once clips 28 are detached, anchor assembly 16 starts its
precipitous plunge to the bottom carrying line 17 with it. Line 17
unspools from spool 33 axially as float assembly 15 travels
upwardly toward the surface. Weighted flange 36 keeps float
assembly 15 upright as it rises, thus preventing line 17 from
fouling thereon. This action continues until anchor assembly 16
rests on the bottom and float assembly 15 is on the surface.
The watch circle of the buoy would seem to depend on the amount of
line 17 in excess of the water depth. However, in almost every
instance, except perhaps in unusual current and tidal conditions,
the watch circle of the deployed buoy remains small. Even in the
worst conditions, the buoy of the invention provides a better
marker than the prior art devices which, as stated previously, are
launched from the tow vehicle.
The foregoing description taken together with the appended claims
constitute a disclosure such as to enable a person skilled in the
oceanographic instrumentation arts and having the benefit of the
teachings contained therein to make and use the invention. Further,
the structure herein described meets the aforerecited objects of
invention, and generally constitutes a meritorious advance in the
art which would not be obvious to such a worker not having the
benefit of such teachings.
Obviously, other embodiments and modifications of the subject
invention will readily come to the mind of one skilled in the art
having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing
description and the drawings. It is, therefore, to be understood
that this invention is not to be limited thereto and that said
modifications and embodiments are intended to be included within
the scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *