U.S. patent number 3,701,455 [Application Number 05/079,955] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-31 for can for liquids and process for closing same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tuwa-Plastik Dr. Herbert Warnecke Erzeugung von. Invention is credited to Herbert Warnecke, Vienna.
United States Patent |
3,701,455 |
|
October 31, 1972 |
CAN FOR LIQUIDS AND PROCESS FOR CLOSING SAME
Abstract
The can of the invention is intended for containing liquids,
such as oils, is made of a plastic material, and is substantially
circular in cross-section. The top end wall is provided with a
central opening having a reinforced rim and is adapted to be closed
with a heat sealing foil. An elevated border at the outer
circumference of the top end wall concentrically surrounds the rim
and is connected with said rim by a wall portion having the shape
of a flat cone.
Inventors: |
Herbert Warnecke, Vienna
(N/A) |
Assignee: |
Tuwa-Plastik Dr. Herbert Warnecke
Erzeugung von (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
25600165 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/079,955 |
Filed: |
October 12, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Oct 17, 1969 [AT] |
|
|
9836 |
Apr 20, 1970 [AT] |
|
|
3541 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/608;
206/509 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
1/16 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
1/00 (20060101); B65D 1/16 (20060101); B65d
007/42 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/74,66,97R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1119542 |
|
Apr 1, 1956 |
|
FR |
|
1314777 |
|
Dec 1, 1962 |
|
FR |
|
Primary Examiner: Joseph R. Leclair
Assistant Examiner: James R. Garrett
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Singer, Stern & Carlberg
Claims
1. A can for a liquid medium, particularly lubricating oil,
comprising a. a substantially cylindrical body portion of a
thermoplastic material selected from the group consisting of
polyethylene and polypropylene and having a wall thickness of
0.0039 to 0.0197 inches, b. a bottom member of the same material as
and integral with said body portion at one end thereof, c. a top
member of the same material as and integral with said body portion
at the opposite end thereof from said bottom member and provided
with a central opening of a diameter substantially less than the
diameter of said body portion, d. a reinforcement rim forming part
of said top member along the free edge at said central opening and
susceptible to being heat sealed to a foil covering said opening,
and e. an annular portion of said top member surrounding said
central opening comprising an inner annular section extending
outwardly and downwardly from said reinforcement rim and merging
with an outer annular section which is inclined outwardly and
upwardly toward the top of said
2. The can according to claim 1, in which the wall thickness of
said
3. A can for a liquid medium, particularly lubricating oil,
comprising a. a substantially cylindrical body portion of a
thermoplastic material selected from the group consisting of
polyethylene and polypropylene and having a wall thickness of
0.0039 to 0.0197 inches, b. a bottom member of the same material as
and integral with said body portion at one end thereof, c. a top
member of the same material as and integral with said body portion
at the opposite end thereof from said bottom member and provided
with a central opening of a diameter substantially less than the
diameter of said body portion, d. a reinforcement rim forming part
of said top member along the free edge at said central opening and
susceptible to being heat sealed to a foil covering said opening,
and e. an annular portion of said top member surrounding said
central opening comprising an inner annular section extending
outwardly and downwardly from said reinforcement rim and merging
with an outer annular section which is inclined outwardly and
upwardly toward the top of said cylindrical body portion, the wall
thickness of said inner annular section of the top member being
greater than the wall thickness of said
4. The can according to claim 3, in which the wall thickness of
said inner annular section decreases gradually outwardly from said
reinforcement rim.
5. The can according to claim 3, in which the juncture between said
outer annular section of the top member and the top of said
cylindrical body portion is in the shape of an upwardly convex
annular bead of
6. The can according to claim 3, in which the wall thickness of
said
7. The can according to claim 3, in which said inner annular
section includes a middle concentric region in which the wall
thickness is at
8. The can according to claim 7, in which the thickness of said
middle concentric region is about three times the wall thickness of
said cylindrical body portion.
Description
The present invention refers to a can for liquids, particularly for
lubricant oils, consisting of plastics material, preferably of
thermoplastics such as polyethylene or polypropylene. The invention
essentially refers to a can with a volume of maximally two liters,
a size which is usual for cans for lubricant oils.
The invention essentially consists in the fact that the can has a
cylindrical jacket of approximately circular cross-section and is
provided at its top front face with a central opening provided with
a reinforced rim and having a diameter smaller than the diameter of
the can, preferably a diameter approximately corresponding to
one-third of the can diameter, and being adapted to be closed by a
film applied to the opening by heat sealing, in the fact that the
top front face of the can has an elevated border surrounding the
reinforced rim of the opening and being connected to said
reinforced rim by a wall portion having the shape of a flat cone,
and in the fact that the wall-thickness of the jacket amounts to
0.1 -0.5 mm, preferably to about 0.35 mm. A can according to the
present invention is preferably manufactured by expanding a hose by
internal pressure whereby the low wall thickness of the can is
achieved. Up to now it was considered essential that an oil can has
to be stiff and mechanically strong, however, a can according to
the present invention may, in view of its typical shape, have a low
wall thickness. By giving the jacket of the inventive can an
approximately circular cross-section, the jacket is supported by
the contents of the can. When subjecting a filled can to a load
acting on the front faces of the can, such load, which, when acting
on an empty can, would result in a deformation of the can jacket,
is equally distributed to the content of a can filled with some
liquid and thus will act in a sense to maintain the shape of the
jacket. In this case, it is sufficient if the can jacket has a
cross-section of only approximate circular cross-section. For
instance, it is sufficient if the jacket has a polygonal
cross-section which approximates a circular cross-section. The
elevated border surrounding the reinforced rim of the central
opening contributes to further strengthening of the can and the
reinforced rim of the central opening contributes to further
strengthening the top front face of the can. The reinforced rim of
the central opening can be positioned in approximately the same
plane as the elevated border of the can. By giving the central
opening and, in consequence, the reinforced rim of the central
opening an essentially smaller diameter than the diameter of the
can, preferably a diameter corresponding to one-third of the can
diameter, a strengthening effect for the top front face of the can
is provided by the reinforced rim, and furtheron weakening of the
can, which would occur if the opening were given a greater
diameter, is avoided.
Oil cans of known construction, which are provided with essentially
plane front faces, are opened by perforating one front face with a
pointed object, for instance a screw driver, at two locations so
that the oil can run out from one perforation and air can enter the
can through the other perforation. Since, as already mentioned, the
liquid can contents provide for a strengthening effect on the can
jacket when subjecting the front face of the can to a load, there
would result the danger of ejecting oil or the like contained in
the can when perforating and thus subjecting the can to load. The
foil closing the central opening and being applied thereto by heat
sealing equipment, enables the can to be opened without subjecting
the front face of the can to unpermissible load.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, that annular
portion of the front face of the can, which is adjacent to the
strengthened rim of the opening, has a greater wall thickness than
the can jacket and rises from the border of the can in direction to
the reinforced rim in form of a flat cone.
When closing the can by a heat sealing foil, the die of the heat
sealing equipment is heating the reinforced rim of the opening and,
at least partially, also the wall portion adjacent the reinforced
rim, said wall portion having the shape of a flat cone. When heat
sealing the can, the pressure exerted by the die is absorbed by the
can contents, however, the top front face of the can is thereby
yielding such that the annular portion and/or, respectively, the
conically shaped portion of the top front face is pressed
downwardly and assumes when having the shape of a convex cone,
either an approximately horizontal position or even the form of a
flat convex cone. When applying the heated die of the heat sealing
equipment to the top front face of the can, at least the reinforced
rim, in some cases also the annular portion of the top front face,
is heated to plastic condition. In view of the wall portion having
the shape of a flat cone and having a greater wall thickness than
the can jacket, said wall portion will, after termination of the
heat sealing process, maintain its deformed shape because the front
face "freezes" in its position assumed after having been pressed
downwards by said die. The can contents is therewith subjected to
pressure such that the can jacket is under tension even if, with
time elapsing, a small amount of the can contents emerges from the
can by diffusion. With this, it is avoided that the can becomes
unattractive with time elapsing. For enhancing this effect it has
proved convenient to give the annular wall portion or,
respectively, the conical wall portion adjacent the reinforced rim
of the opening, twice, preferably three times the wall thickness of
the can jacket. According to the invention, preferably the wall
thickness of the annular portion of the top front face is greater
adjacent the reinforced rim than at its outer peripheral portions
and is, for instance, decreasing in direction to the periphery like
a wedge. By accumulating a bigger mass of material in the area of
transition from the reinforced rim to the annular portion, this
annular portion is more reliably fixed in its inwardly pressed
position.
A preferred method for closing a can of the kind described, with a
heat sealing foil, essentially consists, according to the
invention, in the fact that the reinforced rim surrounding the
central opening and to be closed by a heat sealing foil, and if
desired the annular and, respectively, conical portion of the front
face of the can, is heated by the heat sealing die, to a
temperature within the softening range of the material and is
inwardly pressed by said heat sealing die to a position in which it
is "chilled" such that the can contents is subjected to
pressure.
The invention thus provides a can and, respectively, an oil can
which, in filled condition, without further resists the stresses
occurring on transport. It has even been experienced that by giving
the can jacket a small wall thickness the load resistance of a
filled can is increased in view of the fact that the can jacket,
which has the shape of a thin and flexible foil, is not subjected
to the danger of breakage on deformation, which danger would be
present with cans having a thick-walled can jacket.
The invention is further illustrated with respect to the drawing
which shows several embodiments.
In FIGS. 1,2 and 3 an oil can is shown schematically.
FIG. 1 is a cross section along line I --I of FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 is a top plan-view of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a section along line III--III of FIG. 2.
FIGS. 4 to 8 show a modified embodiment of an oil can according to
the invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates the can in an axial section along line IV -- IV
of FIG. 5 prior to filling.
FIG. 5 is a top plan-view of the can shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the can shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 shows, in a section similar to that of FIG. 4, the filled
can closed with a heat sealing foil.
FIG. 8 shows a detail of a can as seen in direction of arrow VIII
of FIG. 5.
The can shown in FIGS. 1,2 and 3 is cylindrical in shape and is
provided at its top front face 2 with an opening 4 reinforced by a
rim 3 and to be closed,after filling of the can,with a heat sealing
foil. The opening 4 is centrally arranged at the top front face 2.
At the circumference of the top front face 2 an elevated border 5
is provided which is interrupted by depressions 6 lying between
edges 8 diverging in direction to axis 7 of the can. These
depressions 6 act as beaks by which the oil emerging from the
opening 4 is collected to a suitable jet. These depressions 6
simultaneously give a stiffening effect for the elevated border
5.
The can is manufactured by blowing the desired material into a mold
bipartited along axis 7 of the can. The elevated border 5 forms a
so-called recessed portion which engages the concave cone surface 9
and would be caught by the mold halves when opening the mold. To
avoid this, a convex, annular cone surface 11 is provided at bottom
10 of the mold, which in a top plan-view, essentially coincides
with the concave cone surface 9 at the top front face of the can
and encloses with the axis of the can an angle alpha which is
approximately equal to or smaller than the angle beta enclosed by
the concave cone surface 9 and the axis 7 of the can. This
arrangement provides the possibility of shifting the molded can 1
in direction of arrow 20 when opening the mold, so that the molded
can is released from the mold. The bottom 10 of the can is inwardly
vaulted so that the cans may be stacked. In a stack of cans the
cone portions 9 and 11 engage one another, thus securing a reliable
stack. The taper 11 of the bottom has the shape of a convex cone
and may be provided with a number of noses (not shown)
corresponding to the number of depressions 6 forming beaks and
having a distance from one another,corresponding to the distance of
depressions 6. In this case, the noses provided at the bottom of a
can are engaging the depressions 6 of the next lower can, which is
of advantage when stacking labelled cans which need alignment of
the labels in the stack.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, 1 represents the can
jacket, 12 the elevated border provided at the top front face of
the can and being transient to the can jacket, 3 the reinforced rim
of the opening to be closed by the heat sealing foil, and 2 the
annular portion of the top front face which, in this case, directly
connects the reinforced rim 3 to the elevated border 12. The bottom
15 is, again, provided with an edge 13 formed by a convex cone
surface 11 and a concave cone surface 14. The depression 19 only
serves for aligning the can in the printing apparatus.
The wall thickness of the can jacket 1 again amounts to
approximately 0.1 -0.5 mm and conveniently amounts approximately to
0.35 mm. Such a wall thickness is too small to resist the pressure
exerted when pressing the heat sealing foil onto the reinforced rim
and so small that the can would become depressed and assume an
unpleasant aspect on partial diffusion of the can contents.
The reinforced rim is given a completely plane surface at its upper
side.When applying the heat sealing foil, an air tight seal is
thereby achieved at the very first moment. When pressing down the
heat sealing die the whole can contents is used for load
transmission. The can contents, however, is yielding to some
extent, particularly when some air is enclosed. The top front face
3,2 of the can is therefore pressed into position 3',2' shown in
FIG. 7. On heating portions 3,2 by means of the heat sealing die,
these portions 3,2 are plastically deformed and, afterwards,
chilled in position 3',2' so that these portions are forced to
maintain this position. The wall thickness of the annular portion 2
is at least twice the wall thickness of the can jacket 1,
conveniently at least three times the wall thickness of the can
jacket . This favors position 3',2' as fixed position. In the case
described, the arrangement is such that the wall thickness of the
annular portion 2 is a maximum in the area of the reinforced rim 3
and is steadily decreasing in direction of the outer edge 12. This
provides an accumulation of material in the area of the reinforced
rim 3, which further contributes to fixing the portions 3,2 in
position 3',2' shown in FIG. 7. In this embodiment, the elevated
border 12 has a semi-circular cross-section and thus is in the
position to provide the necessary abutment for deformation of the
annular portion 2 which is not or nearly not heated in the area of
the elevated border 12.
As is shown in FIG. 8 in an enlarged scale , two teats are provided
at two diametrally opposed positions. These teats have a greater
height that the wall thickness of the can at the respective
position, so that when cutting off these teats a cavity is cut open
and a pouring opening as well as an air-admitting opening is
provided. To facilitate application of a knife for cutting off the
teats 17, a torus 18 is provided which surrounds the corresponding
teat.
When filling the can or the like by introducing a liquid jet
through the central opening, the liquid is surging upwardly along
the cylindrical can jacket 1. The cone surface 9 (FIGS. 1,2 and 3)
delimiting the elevated border 5, and, respectively, the vaulted
shape of the elevated border 12 (FIGS. 4 to 6) deflect the surge
downwards, so that the filling velocity can be substantially
increased without running the danger than liquid is splashing out
of the can. This is an essential advantage when filling the
cans.
* * * * *