U.S. patent number 3,700,137 [Application Number 05/108,056] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-24 for produce shipping container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Polygon Concepts. Invention is credited to Augustine A. Souza.
United States Patent |
3,700,137 |
Souza |
October 24, 1972 |
PRODUCE SHIPPING CONTAINER
Abstract
A container and its cover particularly suitable for use in the
packing and shipping of produce is described. The container
comprises a plurality of relatively thin sidewalls which are joined
by moveable corner members adapted to assume an inwardly directed
draft when in a nesting configuration and an outwardly directed
draft when in a stacking configuration. The outwardly directed
draft assumed by the corner members during stacking permits the
loads encountered in stacking to be removed from the side walls and
carried by the corner members. The cover corners and corner members
of the container are further provided with mating grooves and beads
which interlock in a male-female relationship during stacking. In
addition, both the cover and bottom members of the container are
domed to reduce slipping and twisting of one container relative to
another stacked thereon during shipping.
Inventors: |
Souza; Augustine A. (San Jose,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Polygon Concepts (Los Altos,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22320038 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/108,056 |
Filed: |
January 20, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/511; 206/505;
206/506 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
21/068 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
21/06 (20060101); B65d 021/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/97E,97R,97C,97D,23.6 ;211/126 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Claims
I claim:
1. A container adapted to be nested and stacked vertically with a
like container of identical shape comprising: a first and a second
vertically extending sidewall; a vertically extending movable
member disposed adjacent said first and said second vertically
extending sidewalls; a horizontally extending bottom member
disposed adjacent a lower horizontally extending edge of said first
and said second sidewall and said movable member; a first hinging
means attached to adjacent edges of said first sidewall and said
movable member; a second hinging means attached to adjacent edges
of said second sidewall and said movable member; and a third
hinging means attached to adjacent edges of said bottom member and
said movable member for permitting said movable member to be
extended outwardly from said first and said second sidewalls and
said bottom member.
2. A container according to claim 1 wherein said first and said
second sidewalls and said movable member have an upper horizontally
extending edge, further comprising: a first, second and third lip
forming a part of and extending horizontally outwardly from said
upper edge of said first sidewall, said second sidewall and said
movable member, respectively; a first, second and third collar
forming a part of and extending vertically from the outer edge of
each of said first, second and third lips, respectively; a fourth
hinging means forming a part of and disposed between adjacent ends
of said lips and said collars of said first sidewall and said
movable member; a fifth hinging means forming a part of and
disposed between adjacent ends of said lips and said collars of
said second sidewall and said movable member; and means provided
between adjacent ends of said collars on each of said sidewalls and
said movable member in the vicinity of the upper end of said first
and said second hinging means for providing clearance permitting
said movable member to be moved outwardly from said sidewalls.
3. A container according to claim 2 herein said first, second and
third hinging means comprise coupled first and second members which
pivot relative to each other and relative to the sidewall, bottom
member and movable member to which they are respectively attached
when said movable member is moved relative to said sidewalls and
bottom member.
4. A container according to claim 3 wherein said first, second,
third, fourth and fifth hinging means comprise a living hinge
integrally formed in the formation of said sidewalls, movable and
bottom members.
5. A container according to claim 4 wherein said movable member is
a corner member comprising a pair of vertically extending mutually
perpendicular walls joined along opposite edges to said first and
said second hinging means; and a horizontally extending base member
extending between the lower edges of said pair of vertically
extending walls inwardly to join said third hinging means.
6. A container according to claim 5 wherein said walls of said
corner member are planar and said bottom member is domed for
providing an inwardly directed convex surface.
7. A container according to claim 6 wherein said bottom member
comprises a plurality of interconnected ribs for providing
mechanical strength.
8. A container according to claim 2 wherein said movable member is
a corner member and said third lip forming a part of and extending
from the upper edge of said corner member comprises a corner grove
extending along the lower interior edge of said third collar.
9. A container according to claim 8 wherein said corner member
comprises at its bottom edge a downwardly extending portion forming
a corner bead corresponding in length and position to the length
and position of said corner groove in said third lip when said
corner member is fully extended from said sidewalls.
10. A container according to claim 9 further comprising a cover
having a cover bead and wherein said corner member further
comprises a cover groove extending along the upper interior edge of
said corner bead, said cover groove being of sufficient depth and
length to be engaged by a cover bead corresponding to said cover
bead on a cover corresponding in size and shape to said cover.
11. A container according to claim 2 wherein said bottom member is
domed providing an inwardly directed convex surface and at least
one of said first and said second sidewalls is provided with an
elongated cover lock slot disposed along the upper horizontally
extending edge thereof for engaging and retaining a cover member
and further comprising a cover member, and wherein said cover
member is domed for providing an outwardly directed convex surface
corresponding to and adapted to mate with in male-female
relationship said bottom member, said cover member further
comprising a downwardly extending arm with an outwardly extending
flange portion extending along a portion of at least one edge
thereof, for engaging in a locking fashion said elongated cover
lock slot.
12. A container according to claim 1 wherein said first sidewall,
said second sidewall and said movable member are, in a nesting
configuration, provided with an inwardly sloping draft from top to
bottom and further comprising along the upper edge of said first
sidewall, said second sidewall and said movable member, an
outwardly extending first, second and third lip, respectively; a
first, second and third collar extending vertically from the outer
edge of said first, second and third lip, respectively; and a
corner groove in said third lip extending along the adjacent edges
of said third lip and said third collar for providing a recess
adapted to receive a bead provided in the lower edge of a movable
member in a like container with a movable member corresponding to
said movable member and wherein said draft of said movable member
is changed from said inwardly sloping draft to an outwardly sloping
draft when said movable member is extended outwardly from said
first and said second sidewalls for directing the forces on said
movable member inwardly for providing increased stability.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates in general to packing and shipping
containers, and in particular, to those containers having
expandable sides and corner members for facilitating nesting of the
containers prior to packing. When such containers are packed, the
sides and corners expand outwardly and assume a generally normal
orientation relative to a bottom member. Known containers of this
type conventionally comprise relatively thick side walls and corner
members of sufficient strength and rigidity to support and resist
twisting when a number of similar type containers are vertically
stacked one upon another.
Due to the great number of such containers required in commercial
operations, it is imperative that the weight and material costs be
reduced to a minimum while maintaining and, if possible, improving
the ability of an individual container to support its own load, as
well as the weight of other loaded containers stacked vertically
thereon.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A principal object of the present invention is a container for use
in packing and shipping which is adapted for compact nesting and is
less expensive, lighter, stronger and more stable when stacked with
other containers of like size and shape than containers heretofore
available.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a
container comprising a plurality of sidewalls having an inwardly
directed draft of a few degrees from top to bottom. Each of the
sidewalls is joined at its respective adjacent edge to a corner
member by means of a pair of accordian-type hinging members. A dome
shaped ribbed bottom member is attached at its edges directly to
the lower edges of the sidewalls and to each corner member by a
similar accordian-type hinging member. The accordian-type hinging
members along the sides and bottom edges of the corner members
permit the corner member to assume an inwardly directed draft of a
few degrees from top to bottom to facilitate nesting prior to
packing. During packing, the accordian-type hinging members permit
the corner members to extend outwardly beyond the sidewalls to a
position whereat the walls of the corner members assume an
outwardly directed draft of 1.degree. from top to bottom. The draft
assumed by the walls of the corner members during packing, called
the stacking configuration, is found to permit the load of stacked
containers to be removed from the sidewalls and carried by the
corner members. A cover member comprising a domed portion
corresponding to the domed portion of the bottom member is provided
for engaging bifurcated cover locking slots provided in the upper
edges of two opposing sidewalls. The corners of the cover member
and the moveable corner members are further provided with grooves
and corresponding beads which are adapted to mate and engage in an
interlocking male-female relationship when one container is stacked
on another. The domed portions of the cover and bottom member
together with the interlocking grooves and beads facilitate
stacking and reduce slipping and twisting during shipping and
together with the draft assumed by the corner members in a stacking
configuration results in a reduction in material and attending
costs from that required for known containers complying with
equivalent accepted standards for structural integrity.
These and other objects, advantages and features of the present
invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the
detailed description and accompanying drawings hereinafter
described:
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of a container embodying the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the container of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the container of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of the container of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is an end elevation view of the container of FIG. 1.
FIG. 6 is a partial elevation view of the container of FIG. 1 in a
storage or nesting configuration.
FIG. 7 is a partial elevation view of the container of FIG. 1 in a
stacking configuration.
FIG. 8 is a side elevation view of two of the containers of FIG. 1
vertically stacked.
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the cover of the container of FIG.
1.
FIG. 10 is a side elevation view of the cover of FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is an end elevation view of the cover of FIG. 9.
FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the corner stacking
members of the containers taken along lines 12--12 of FIG. 8.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIG. 1, there is provided in accordance with the
present invention, as indicated generally, a container 1. Container
1 comprises a plurality of sidewalls or curtains 2-5 joined along
their respective adjacent edges to form an integral unit by a
plurality of moveable members 12-15. Each of sidewalls 12-15 is
provided to have an inwardly directed draft from top to bottom of a
few degrees, typically 4.degree.. In the illustrated preferred
embodiment, moveable members 12-15 each comprise a pair of mutually
perpendicularly orientated plane walls 8 which serve as corner
members for container 1. A domed bottom member 16 is provided
attached to the lower edges of sidewalls 2-5 and to corner members
12-15. Sidewalls 2,4 comprise, as indicated generally, an M-shaped
frame 22, 23 respectively, for additional strength as each of
sidewalls 2,4 as well as sidewalls 3,5 are permitted to be made of
relatively thin material as of 0.06 inches thick as a result of the
construction of corner members 12-15. A central portion 6,7 of the
upper edges of sidewalls 2,4 is reduced in height relative to
sidewalls 3,5 to form in conjunction with a pair of horizontal
members 20,21 of M-shaped frames 22, 23 a bifurcated cover lock
slot 24,25, respectively. As is conventional for containers used in
carrying produce, there is provided in the lower portions of
sidewalls 2-4 a plurality of air vents 26. Referring to the upper
edges of each of sidewalls 2 and 4, 3 and 5, and corner members
12-15, there is provided a plurality of horizontally extending
outwardly directed lips 27-29 respectively. A collar 31 extends
vertically from the outer edge of each of lips 27-29. A corner
groove 32 is provided in lip 28 of each of corner members 12-15
along the adjacent edges of lip 28 and collar 31. Each of corner
members 12-15 is further provided at its lower edge with an
extension or corner bead 33. As will be apparent, when stacked
vertically, a corner bead 33 of one container will engage a
corresponding corner groove 32 of a like container. Each of corner
members 12-15 is joined to its respective adjacent sidewalls 2-5 by
a pair of accordian-type side hinges, 35, 36, shown in more detail
in FIGS. 4-7, and to bottom member 16 by a similar accordian-type
bottom hinge 37. A v-shaped clearance slot 38 and a hinge 39 is
provided in collar 31 in the vicinity of the upper ends of side
hinges 35-36 to provide a pivot point and clearance to facilitate
the extension of movable corner members 12-15.
As shown in more detail with reference to corner member 13 in FIG.
2, corner member 15 in FIG. 3, and FIG. 12, each of corner members
12-15 is further provided with a corner groove 40. Cover groove 40
is provided to extend about the upper interior edge of corner bead
33 in the undersurface of a base 44 of each of corner members
12-15. Base 44 extends horizontally from each of corner walls 8
inwardly and is joined with bottom member 16 through hinge 37. As
will be apparent, cover groove 40 is adapted to receive a
corresponding bead on a cover to be described hereinafter. Bottom
member 16 is provided with a plurality of interlocking rib members
45 for providing mechanical strength. As previously described,
bottom member 16 is domed, typically 1 inch in the center, so as to
provide an upwardly directed convex surface for increased
mechanical strength and for resisting twisting of container 1 in
use. A plurality of brace members 46 are further provided in the
under-surface of lip 28 at the opposite ends of corner groove 32
for additional mechanical strength.
With reference to FIGS. 4,5 it will be noted that when corner
members 12-15 are in a fully contracted or nesting configuration,
as shown, the vertically rising walls 8 forming corner members
12-15 assume an inwardly directed draft of typically 4 degrees from
top to bottom. When corner members 12-15 are in a fully extended or
stacking configuration, the vertically rising walls 8 forming
corner members 12-assume an outwardly directed draft of typically
1.degree.from top to bottom. The draft of corner member 12-15
assumed in the stacking configuration is such that the corner bead
33 in the lower edge of corner members 12-15 assumes a position and
is able to mate with a corresponding corner groove 32 in lip 28 at
the upper edge of corner members 12-15 of a like container. By so
constructing corner members 12-15 such that the lower edges of wall
8 extend outwardly beyond the upper edges of the wall 8 forming
corner members 12-15, the forces on corner members 12-15 during
stacking, as shown in FIG. 8 are directed inwardly resulting in
increased stability.
Referring to FIGS. 8-11, container 1 is further provided with a
domed cover 50. Cover 50 comprises a pair of downwardly extending
flanged arms 51, 52 adapted to mate and lock within cover lock
slots 24, 25 in sidewalls 2,4. A plurality of cover beads 53 are
provided about the corners of cover 50. As shown in detail in FIG.
12, cover beads 53 are adapted to engage cover grooves 40 in the
bottom of corner members 12-15 when one container is stacked on top
of another. The dome of cover 50 extends inwardly and upwardly from
a horizontally extending margin about the edges of dome 50. The
margin 54 is made larger in the vicinity of the corners of cover 50
to correspond with the base members 44 in cover members 12-15 for
providing a platform on which a like container may rest. The
height, size and shape of the dome of cover 50 is identical to the
height, size and shape of the dome of bottom member 16 such that
when two or more containers together with their respective covers
50 are stacked one on top of the other, the cover 50 of one
container will mate with the bottom member 16 of the above
container in a male-female relationship. This construction has been
found to reduce slipping and twisting of one container relative to
another during shipping. Cover member 50 is also provided with a
plurality of air vents 53 located in arms 51, 52.
The containers of the invention can be readily fabricated from any
suitable moldable material including the various plastics, metals,
etc., employing conventional techniques such as blow molding,
vacuum molding, and injection molding. High density polyethylenes
are especially desirable materials from which to fabricate the
containers of the invention.
The containers of the invention can be fabricated in various sizes
depending upon how the container is to be employed. The containers
are particularly adapted for fabrication in the larger sizes useful
in the field in the mechanized harvesting of fruits and vegetables.
For such use containers having a depth of about 24 inches, a width
of about 42 inches, and a length of about 48 inches have been found
particularly useful. In such containers the dimensions of the
various elements would be generally in proportion to the
above-given dimensions. The invention is not to be limited to
containers of any particular dimensions or particular dimensions of
particular elements comprising the containers.
While an embodiment of the invention has been described for
illustrative purposes, the invention obviously is not limited
thereto. Various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in
the art in view of this disclosure. Such modifications are within
the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *