U.S. patent number 3,699,969 [Application Number 05/148,308] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-24 for method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers into living tissue.
Invention is credited to William Glenn Allen.
United States Patent |
3,699,969 |
Allen |
October 24, 1972 |
METHOD FOR IMPLANTING NATURAL OR SYNTHETIC FIBERS INTO LIVING
TISSUE
Abstract
A method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers directly
into the skin, particularly the scalp. The method is effected by
the use of a concentric dual needle arrangement that comprises a
first, outer needle and a second, inner needle slideably mounted
within the outer needle. The fibrous material to be implanted is
threaded within the inner needle, the latter then being "loaded" or
mounted within the bore of the outer needle. The two needles are
then inserted simultaneously into the scalp. The outer needle is
withdrawn first to expose the fibrous strands to the tissue. The
inner needle is next withdrawn leaving the fibrous strands
implanted in the tissue. The method is highly effective, safe and
requires a minimum of manipulative steps.
Inventors: |
Allen; William Glenn (Bon Air,
VA) |
Family
ID: |
22525204 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/148,308 |
Filed: |
June 1, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/187 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F
2/10 (20130101); A61B 2017/00752 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61F
2/10 (20060101); A61b 017/00 (); A61b 017/34 ();
A61f 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;3/1 ;128/329,330 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pace; Channing L.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers into living
tissue comprises the steps of providing an outer needle; said outer
needle having a longitudinal bore extending therethrough and a
sharp tip at a forward end thereof; providing an inner needle, said
inner needle being adapted to be reciprocably mounted in said bore
of said outer needle and having a longitudinal bore extending
therethrough and a forward end; providing an enlargement on the end
of at least one fibrous strand selected from the group consisting
of natural and synthetic fibers, said enlargement having a diameter
greater than the diameter of said bore of said inner needle;
inserting said fibrous strand into the bore of said inner needle
with said enlargement adjacent the forward end of said inner
needle; inserting said inner needle and fibrous strand into the
bore of said outer needle to a position in which said forward end
of said inner needle is adjacent the tip of said outer needle and
said enlargement is within said tip; simultaneously inserting the
outer and inner needles into living tissue and to a depth in which
the enlargement is below the surface of said tissue; withdrawing
said outer needle from said tissue while holding said inner needle
and fibrous strand against movement relative to said tissue; and
withdrawing said inner needle from said tissue whereby said
enlargement retains said fibrous strand in said tissue.
2. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the steps of
providing said enlargement comprising connecting the common ends of
two or more of said fibrous strands to a disc-shaped retaining
element, said disc having a diameter greater than the bore of said
inner needle and less than the bore of said outer needle.
3. The method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said fibrous
strand is a synthetic fiber.
4. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the steps of
providing said enlargement comprises tying at least two fibrous
strands together adjacent a common end thereof such that said
enlargement is larger than the opening formed at the forward end of
said inner needle.
Description
The present invention relates to the treatment of living tissue.
More particularly the present invention relates to an improved
method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers into human skin,
i.e., the scalp, in a manner such that the artificial hair thus
produced appears completely natural and can be cared for as if it
were natural hair.
As is well known in the art, prior art workers have for many years
focused much time and attention with the problem of "baldness."
Thus the use of hairpieces, i.e., wigs or toupees, is now common
place. In general, conventional hairpieces suffer from a number of
disadvantages including the requirement of special care e.g.,
combing, and added bulk and discomfort to the wearer. In more
recent years special techniques, such as so-called "hair
transplants" have been developed and employed in the treatment of
baldness. While satisfactory, such procedures are relatively
expensive, time consuming and often result in scars due to the
requirement of "donor sites."
In summary, the present invention relates to the method for
implanting natural or synthetic fibers directly into the skin,
particularly the scalp, with such a degree of perfection so as to
render the hair covering thus produced substantially unnoticeable
and natural looking in all respects. Stated broadly, the method of
the invention is highly efficient, requires a minimum of
manipulative steps and involves the use of a concentric-dual needle
arrangement that, as will be described in detail hereinbelow,
comprises a first, outer needle and a second, inner needle
slideably mounted within the outer needle. By reciprocating (in
accordance with the method steps of the invention) the pointed end
of the outer hollow needle, into, through and out of the tissue
area being treated, there is produce an artificial hair covering
that gives the appearance of completely natural hair and which may
be cared for as one would his own natural hair. In accordance with
one method embodiment of the invention, the natural or synthetic
fibers are firmly attached to the skin by the use of novel
retaining elements. The method of the present invention is not
subject to the disadvantages of the above discussed, prior known
techniques and has been found to be safe, practical and highly
efficient, there being little or no tendency for the body to reject
the artificially implanted fibers.
It is accordingly a general object of the invention to provide an
improved method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers directly
into living tissue.
Another, and more particular object of the invention, is to provide
a method for implanting natural or synthetic fibers into the skin,
especially the scalp, which method is highly efficient, safe and
involves a minimum of manipulative steps.
Yet another object is to provide a method for producing an
artificial hair covering that may be cared for in the same manner
as natural hair and requires no special treatment other than normal
hygenic care.
A further object is to provide an improved method for implanting
natural or synthetic fibers directly into the skin or scalp in a
manner to form a hair covering that in all respects give the
impression of natural hair, said method not being subject to the
disadvantages of prior known techniques.
Still a further object is to provide a unique method for implanting
artificial hair into the skin or scalp which does not result in the
body rejection of said artificially implanted hair.
The manner in which the foregoing and other objects are achieved in
accordance with the present invention will be better understood in
view of the following detailed description and accompanying
drawings which form a part of the specification, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view in side elevation illustrating a
preferred apparatus embodiment employed in the method of the
present invention with, as shown, fibers partly threaded into an
inner needle and an outer needle below said inner needle;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view in side elevational illustrating the
manner of inserting the needles in the tissue;
FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the outer needle
withdrawn from the tissue;
FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIGS. 2 and 3 showing the outer
and inner needles withdrawn from the tissue and further
illustrating the fibrous strands anchored or held in place by means
of retaining elements employed in a first embodiment of the method
of the invention; and
FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views in side elevation illustrating a
second embodiment for anchoring the fibrous strands to the tissue
and the method of implanting same into the tissue.
Turning now to the drawings in detail and first to FIGS. 1-4, there
is shown a preferred and particularly advantageous apparatus
embodiment for carrying out the method of the invention. As shown,
the apparatus, referred to herein as a concentric, dual needle
arrangement, comprises a first, outer needle indicated generally at
1. The needle 1 is generally tubular and includes an elongated bore
2 extending therethrough. At its forward end, the needle 1 is
formed with a sharp pointed bevel tip 3. A concentric flange or
shoulder 4 is provided at the opposite of the needle 1 as clearly
shown in the drawings. The flange 4 may be formed integral with the
tubular body of the needle 1 or may be secured thereto in any
suitable manner as is well known in the art.
With reference again to FIGS. 1-4, a second, inner needle,
indicated at 5, is provided and adapted to be reciprocably or
slideably mounted within the bore 2 of the needle 1. The outer
diameter of the needle 5 is, of course, of a size slightly smaller
than the diameter of the bore 2 so that the needle 5 can slide
freely within the bore of the outer needle. The inner needle 5 is
also generally tubular and includes a longitudinally extending bore
or opening 6. The diameter of the bore 6 should be such so as to
allow threading of a plurality of natural or synthetic fibers,
indicated generally at 10. In general from one to eight fibrous
strands may be implanted by a single needle insertion.
As shown the inner needle 5 is provided, at its forward end, with a
flat tip 7 which is generally perpendicular to bore or body portion
of the needle 5. A flange or shoulder portion 8 is also provided at
the opposite end of the needle 5.
Turning now to more specific details of the invention and again
with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4, the forward
ends of the natural or synthetic fibers are attached or secured to
a retaining or anchoring member, indicated at 9. The retaining
member 9 is preferably disc-shaped and is formed from any suitable
inert plastic, such as Teflon or Nylon. The disc-shaped retaining
means 9 may include a number of perforations so that the fibrous
strands 10 may be secured thereto simply by tying the ends of
strands into a suitable knot or loop 13 as illustrated in FIGS.
1-4. The outer diameter of the disc-shaped member 9 should be such
that it cannot slip or pass through the bore 6 of the inner needle
5 but must be smaller than the diameter of the bore 2 of the outer
needle 1.
In practicing the method of the invention, the forward ends of the
fibrous strands 10 are secured to the retaining element 9, as
discussed above, and the fibrous material is then threaded through
the bore 6 of the needle 5 as shown in FIG. 1. With the fibers
being held or drawn tight, the inner needle 5 is inserted into the
outer needle 1 to a point such that the retaining element 9 is
recessed from, or above, the uppermost point of the beveled tip
3.
With the needles in this "loaded" position, and again with the
fibers being held tight, the needles are inserted or introduced
into the scalp or skin tissue, indicated generally at 11, as shown
in FIG. 2. As indicated above, the forward tip of the inner needle
is recessed from the uppermost point of the beveled tip 3. As
illustrated in FIG. 2, this positional relationship is maintained
during the initial insertion of the needle into the scalp.
The outer needle 1 is then gently withdrawn as, for example, by
grasping the upper flange 4 until this flange is flush or butts
against the lower surface of the flange 8 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
After the outer needle is withdrawn, the small retaining element 9
is exposed to the tissue of the scalp which falls around it,
holding it in place. Thereafter, and with reference to FIG. 4, the
inner needle is gently withdrawn, leaving the fibrous strands
firmly implanted in the scalp.
At this point it may be noted that the fibrous strands employed in
the method of the invention may be either natural or synthetic
fibers as is well known in the art. Thus the expression "synthetic
fibers" is intended to include, but is not limited to, polymeric
materials such as polyamides, e.g., nylon; polyolefins, as e.g.,
polyethylene, polypropylene; polyesters and the like. A preferred
class of synthetic fibers include poly (alpha) olefins, e.g.,
polyethylene and polypropylene. Preparation of the latter polymeric
products are disclosed e.g., in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,825,721;
2,911,304; 3,008,829; 3,062,801 and 3,078,280. As indicated, the
above materials are well known in the art. "Natural fibers" include
e.g., animal or human hairs, which preferably have been treated or
coated to preserve the life thereof and to render same relatively
inert. Also in recent years it has become known to coat the above
discussed synthetic fibers with various materials, e.g., silicons,
and the use of such coated strands has been found to be
particularly advantageous in the practice of the instant
invention.
Turning now to FIGS. 5 and 6, and in accordance with a second
embodiment of the present invention, the forward end of the inner
needle 5 may be formed such that the tip thereof converges to form
a small opening, indicated generally at 12. In this manner the use
of the retaining element is not required,i.e., the ends of the
fibers 10 are restrained by merely forming a knot or loop of an
appropriate size. In this regard, and as will be readily
appreciated by those skilled in the art, the needles employed in
the present invention are so-called "hypodermic" needles and, while
the drawings have shown same in exploded or enlarged views, such
needles are in fact small in size.
Notwithstanding which embodiment is employed, the above discussed
procedure i.e., inserting and withdrawing the dual needles, is
repeated until the area of "baldness" is sufficiently covered with
the artificial fibers. In general an average bald head has
approximately 25 square inches. In accordance with the present
invention it has been found that 64 insertions (four strands per
insertion) are required to cover about 1 1/2 square inches.
In accordance with the instant invention it has been discovered
that there is little or no tendency for the body to reject the
implanted natural or synthetic fibers even when the small disc or
retaining element 9 is employed. This is believed to be due, in
part, to the fact that the tendency for body rejection is related
to the mass or caliber of the foreign objects. Thus in a series of
tests, and employing the dual hypodermic needle arrangement
illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, 320 implantations were made on four male
subjects of the ages of from 30 to 45. High density polypropylene
fibers were employed. After a period of 6 weeks no evidence of body
rejection was noted for the implanted fibers. In a series of
further tests, nylon fibers were substituted for the polypropylene
fibers. The results of these tests evidenced no body rejection or
allergies.
While preferred embodiments have been disclosed for illustrative
purposes, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that
numerous modifications may be made without departing from the scope
of the invention as defined in the following claims. For example,
the method of the present invention may be practiced by mounting a
plurality of the dual-needles, as illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, onto a
suitable machine or on a support member, the configuration of
which, conforms to the area, e.g., the scalp, being treated.
* * * * *