U.S. patent number 3,699,902 [Application Number 05/140,575] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-24 for pallet.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Owens-Illinois, Inc.. Invention is credited to Guy H. Allgeyer, James B. Foote.
United States Patent |
3,699,902 |
Allgeyer , et al. |
October 24, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
PALLET
Abstract
A pallet is provided for supporting loads thereon. The pallet
includes an upper member formed of thermoplastic material for
receiving loads thereon, a plurality of rows of supporting elements
for supporting said upper member in an elevated position to permit
the entry of lifting forks thereunder, and a reinforcing member
positioned between the supporting elements and the upper sheet to
bridge a load positioned on the upper sheet between the respective
supporting elements. The reinforcing member has spaced apart upper
and lower portions which are interconnected together to permit the
reinforcing member to function as a flexural member.
Inventors: |
Allgeyer; Guy H. (Toledo,
OH), Foote; James B. (Sylvania, OH) |
Assignee: |
Owens-Illinois, Inc.
(N/A)
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Family
ID: |
22491873 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/140,575 |
Filed: |
May 5, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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867589 |
Oct 20, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
108/57.26;
108/901 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
19/0012 (20130101); B65D 19/0018 (20130101); B65D
19/0016 (20130101); B65D 2519/00303 (20130101); B65D
2519/00333 (20130101); B65D 2519/00432 (20130101); B65D
2519/00318 (20130101); B65D 2519/00104 (20130101); B65D
2519/00557 (20130101); B65D 2519/00034 (20130101); Y10S
108/901 (20130101); B65D 2519/00293 (20130101); B65D
2519/00338 (20130101); B65D 2519/00373 (20130101); B65D
2519/00069 (20130101); B65D 2519/00343 (20130101); B65D
2519/00562 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
19/00 (20060101); B65d 019/38 () |
Field of
Search: |
;108/51-58 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gay; Bobby R.
Assistant Examiner: Finch; Glenn O.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 867,584 filed Oct.
20, 1969, now abandoned.
Claims
We claim:
1. A pallet comprising upper and lower sheets of material,
supporting elements positioned between said sheets and holding
major portions of said sheets in spaced apart relationship, said
supporting elements being positioned in rows to permit the entry of
lifting fork elements therebetween and a reinforcing member
positioned between one of said sheets and said supporting elements
said reinforcing member including a pair of facing sheets having a
filler element sandwiched therebetween.
2. A pallet comprising:
a. a first member formed of thermoplastic material having a bottom
panel for resting on a support, said bottom panel terminating in a
peripheral edge extending upwardly therefrom;
b. a second member having a major planar portion and a plurality of
supporting elements extending perpendicularly from said planar
portion and resting on said bottom wall, said supporting elements
being arranged in rows to permit the entry of lifting forks
therebetween; and
c. a third member formed of thermoplastic material having a top
panel for receiving loads thereon, said top panel being in load
transmitting relationship with said supporting elements, said top
panel terminating in a peripheral edge extending downwardly
therefrom and engaging said first member, the portions of the
peripheral edges between said rows of columns having openings to
permit the entry of lifting forks therein.
3. A pallet comprising:
a. a first member having a bottom panel for resting on a support, a
wall portion extending upwardly from said bottom panel, and a
flange extending outwardly from said wall portion;
b. a second member having a major planar portion extending
outwardly beyond said wall portion and being supported on said
flange, said second member including a plurality of supporting
elements extending perpendicularly from said planar portion and
resting on said bottom wall; and
C. a third member having a top panel for receiving loads thereon,
said top panel being in load transmitting relationship with said
supporting elements, a wall portion extending downwardly from said
top panel, said wall portion being outwardly from the wall portion
of said first member and engaging said flange.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
It has long been the desire of industry to have at its disposal a
pallet which would meet as many of the desired characteristics as
possible. These characteristics include light weight, low cost,
freedom from maintenance, and the ability to withstand the required
loads.
Wooden pallets, which have been most prevalent heretofore, meet the
criteria of low initial cost and ability to withstand the required
loads; but do not meet the criteria of freedom from maintenance and
light weight.
Other pallets which have been proposed, while being satisfactory
for some specific purpose, have not met all of the criteria to an
extent which caused them to gain widespread acceptance.
The present invention provides a pallet which is reasonably
economical to form, which requires no maintenance, which is strong
enough to meet normal loading requirements and which is
sufficiently light that it can be readily handled by one
person.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and novel
pallet.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pallet
which is economical to form, which has light weight and which is
free from maintenance once put into use.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a
pallet which incorporates a plurality of elements formed from
various materials to provide a pallet which is structurally strong
and yet which is light enough in weight to be handled by one
person.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be
readily apparent from the following description taken in
conjunction with the annexed sheets of drawings on which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the pallet of the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view partly in
section showing one corner of the pallet illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the fragmentary corner shown in FIG.
2.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a modified pallet.
FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the pallet shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken through line 6--6 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken through line 7--7 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken through line 8--8 of FIG. 9 of a
further modified pallet.
FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the pallet shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a pallet similar to that shown in FIG.
9 but having a further modification.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a modified
reinforcing member.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of another
embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a further
embodiment.
Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, there is provided a pallet generally
designated by the numeral 10. The pallet 10 includes upper and
lower members 11 and 12 formed of thermoplastic material, a
plurality of supporting elements 13 formed integrally with an
intermediate member 14 of thermoplastic material and a reinforcing
member 15 between the upper member 11 and the supporting elements
13. As can be seen from the drawings, the supporting elements 13
are arranged in rows with spaces therebetween to permit the entry
of lifting forks therebetween.
The upper member includes a panel portion 20 for receiving loads
thereon and integrally formed downwardly extending peripheral edge
portions 21. A flange 22 extends outwardly from the peripheral edge
portion 21.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the
lower member 12 is substantially identical to the upper member 11
and includes a panel portion 20A and an integrally formed upwardly
extending peripheral edge portion 21A from which a flange 22A
extends. The respective flanges 22 and 22A are sealed together as
by heat sealing or by a suitable adhesive such as commercially
available hot melts. The peripheral edge portions 21 and 21A have
openings 23 formed therein to permit the entry of lifting forks. As
such, the openings 23 are aligned between the rows of supporting
elements 13.
The intermediate member 14 has a major planar portion 24 from which
the supporting elements 13 depend. The supporting elements 13
function as columns in transmitting a load placed on the panel
portion 20 of the upper member 11 to the ground or other support on
which the lower member 12 is resting. Such supporting elements 13
may be molded in the intermediate member 14 by any conventional
molding process such as by vacuum forming or injection molding. The
major planar portion 24 terminates at its periphery in an upwardly
extending flange 25 having a U-shaped curled edge 26. The
intermediate member is positioned within the enclosure formed by
the upper and lower members 14 with the supporting elements 13
resting upon the panel portion 20A of the lower member. Preferably,
the curled edge 26 thereof fits snugly within the peripheral edge
portion 21 of the upper member 11. If desired, it may be heat
sealed to such peripheral edge portion 21 as indicated.
Positioned between the upper surface of the major planar portion 24
and the lower surface of the panel portion 20 is the reinforcing
member 15. The reinforcing member 15 comprises a pair of thin
facing sheets 31, on the order of (0.010-0.050) inches thick
separated by a filler element 32. Although the thickness of the
filler element 32 may be varied depending upon the loading
characteristics desired for the pallet, a filler element one inch
thick has proven to be very satisfactory. The filler element 32
functions primarily to hold the two facing sheets in spaced
relationship and to hold them against slippage. Accordingly, the
facing sheets 31 are adhesively bonded to the filler 32. The filler
32 may be formed of foamed plastic, wood, stacked corrugated board
or other material to which the facing sheets may be adhered. Thus,
the filler member need not have any particular tensile strength
characteristics but must be able to withstand the compressive loads
placed on the panel portion 20 and must have sufficient shear
rigidity to transmit the bending induced shear load between the
respective facing sheets 31. Thus, the reinforcing member acts as a
flexural member in transmitting loads to the respective supporting
elements 13. Although steel is preferred as the material for the
facing sheets by virtue of its relatively high strength, any
material having sufficiently high tensile strength and Young's
modulus to permit its use as a structural member may be utilized.
For example, laminated plastic or bonded wood fiber sheet such as
that sold under the trademark "Masonite" may be used. Thus, any
material having a tensile strength in excess of about 8,000 pounds
per square inch with a Young's modulus in excess of about 850,000
pounds per square inch may be used. As will be appreciated, sheets
having high tensile strength separated by and bonded to a filler 32
of a low tensile strength material functions as a flexural
member.
If desired, additional strength may be provided by positioning
sleeve member 33 within the supporting elements 13. As may be seen
from the drawings, the sleeve members extend from the lower end of
the supporting elements to a position flush with the top of the
major planar portion 24 and serve to assist in transmitting the
load received from the reinforcing member 15 to the support on
which the lower panel portion 20A rests. The sleeve member may be
formed of any material capable of supporting compressive loads. For
example, sleeves formed of fiberboard have proven to be very
satisfactory as well as economical; however, sleeves formed of
metal or other materials would also be satisfactory.
Referring now to FIGS. 4-7, there is illustrated a modified pallet
formed from four rather than three sheets of thermoplastic
material. As can be seen from the drawings, the modified pallet
utilizes upper and lower members 11 and 12 similar to those of the
previous embodiment. The panel portions 20 and 20A of such members
are illustrated as having recessed areas 36 which serve as an
anti-skid feature. The recessed areas 36 may be formed in any
desired pattern. It will be appreciated that such anti-skid feature
may also be provided in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3; however, in
the interest of clarity, it has not been illustrated in that
embodiment.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 4-7, there are provided a pair of
intermediate members 37 and 38, each of which has formed therein
cup-shaped pockets 39 and 40 which are aligned with one another.
The intermediate members 37 and 38 are joined together so that the
respective pockets 39 and 40 cooperate to function as columns or
supporting elements similar to the supporting elements 13 of the
previous embodiment. As in the previous embodiment, such supporting
elements are arranged in rows to permit the entry of lifting forks
therebetween. Additionally, a sleeve member 33 may be positioned
within each pair of cooperating pockets to provide additional
reinforcing.
Similarly, as in the previous embodiment, a reinforcing member 15
is positioned between the panel portion 20 of the upper member 11
and the upper surface of the intermediate member 37. As may be seen
from the drawings, the sleeve members 33 are completely enclosed in
the sealed pockets of the respective intermediate members 37 and
38. Additionally, the reinforcing member 15 is completely enclosed
within sealed members. Accordingly, they are completely protected
from moisture or other damaging elements. The intermediate members
may either be smooth as illustrated for the member 37 or corrugated
as illustrated for the member 38.
Referring now to FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, there are provided further
modifications. The pallet of these embodiments is formed with but
two sheets of thermoplastic material and the reinforcing member of
the type utilized in the previous embodiments. The cross sectional
appearance of the embodiment of FIG. 10 as taken through line
8A--8A is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 9 taken through line
8--8. In such embodiments, the pallets are provided with a top
panel member 43 which is substantially planar throughout and a
lower plastic member 44. The lower member 44 is a molded unit
having a plurality of deep grooves 45 formed therein which
cooperate to define feet 46. The feet 46 thus function as
supporting elements. As desired, the feet or supporting elements 46
may be interrupted as illustrated in FIG. 9 or may extend the
entire width of the pallet as shown in FIG. 10. As will be obvious,
the lifting forks are accommodated in the grooves 45. Thus, it will
be obvious that the pallet as illustrated in FIG. 10 in which the
feet 46 or supporting elements extend the full width of the pallet
is limited to entry from only two of the four sides while the
pallet illustrated in FIG. 9 has four-way entry. As with the
previous embodiments, a reinforcing member 15 is positioned between
the top panel member 43 and the lower plastic member 44.
Referring now to FIG. 11, there is illustrated a modified
reinforcing member 15 in which there is provided in addition to the
facing sheets 31 and filler 32 a plurality of reinforcing strips 47
positioned at right angles to the plane of the facing sheets 31.
Such strips 47 serve to strengthen the reinforcing member and may
be utilized when exceptionally high strength is required for the
pallet. The reinforcing strips may be formed of material having
similar strength characteristics as the facing sheets.
Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated a further
modification in which the supporting elements 13 comprise columns
formed of molded foamed plastic 50, such as expanded polystyrene,
encircled by a sleeve 51 formed of metal, fiberboard or other
suitable material. Preferably, the sleeve 51 is adhered to the
lower facing sheet 31. If desired, an upstanding annular flange 52
may be formed on the inner surface of the lower sheet 20A to
receive and retain such columns in a fixed position. Additionally,
if desired, the reinforcing member 15 and the sleeve 51 may be
completely encapsulated in foam plastic as indicated by the numeral
54.
Referring now to FIG. 13, a pallet is provided which can either be
hoisted by a sling type lift or lifted by a fork lift. Under the
embodiment of FIG. 13, the peripheral edge portion 21A of the lower
member 12 is substantially longer than the peripheral edge portion
21 of the upper member 11 and is offset inwardly therefrom. Thus,
the flange 22A of the lower member 12 is longer than the flange 22
of the upper member 11 and is sufficiently wide to be supportingly
engaged by the rope or cable of a sling type lift. The peripheral
edge portion 21A is also provided with apertures 23 for receiving
lifting forks.
Under this embodiment, the outer periphery of the intermediate
member 14 rests on the upper surface of flange 22A as indicated by
the numeral 59. Thus, the intermediate member 14 is supported both
by the column-type supporting elements 13 and the peripheral edge
portion 21A of the lower member 12.
The pallet of the present invention is particularly well suited
where it is desired to be used for rack loading or the like where
it is supported only at spaced apart areas as by edge supports
along the sides.
For a pallet designed to withstand compression loading only as
where the entire surface of the bottom rests on a support or rack
of the supporting elements rests directly on a support, it is
possible that the reinforcing member have only the filler portion
without the facing sheets of high tensile strength and Young's
modulus. Such pallet obviously will not be able to support loads as
great as those supported by a pallet in which the reinforcing
member has the facing sheets; however it is sufficient for many
applications.
It can be seen from the foregoing description and the various
embodiments that the present invention provides a pallet which can
be easily and economically molded using selections of material to
best advantage thus providing a pallet which is economical and yet
which can carry the required loads.
* * * * *