U.S. patent number 3,697,706 [Application Number 05/155,752] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-10 for push type electric switch with contact post, movable coil spring contact and interposed non conductive plunger.
This patent grant is currently assigned to D. H. Baldwin Company. Invention is credited to Leslie Huggard.
United States Patent |
3,697,706 |
Huggard |
October 10, 1972 |
PUSH TYPE ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH CONTACT POST, MOVABLE COIL SPRING
CONTACT AND INTERPOSED NON CONDUCTIVE PLUNGER
Abstract
A push-pull type electric switch for single or matrix switching
applications comprising a fixed contact in the form of an elongated
pin, and at least one movable contact biased to a closed position
against the fixed contact. An insulative plunger is slidably
mounted on the fixed contact and is axially movable thereon between
a depressed position wherein it shifts the movable contact away
from the fixed contact to an open position, and a retracted
position wherein it permits the movable contact to assume its
biased closed position against the fixed contact.
Inventors: |
Huggard; Leslie (Cincinnati,
OH) |
Assignee: |
D. H. Baldwin Company
(Cincinnati, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
22556658 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/155,752 |
Filed: |
June 23, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/5R;
200/61.19; 200/538; 200/276 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
15/06 (20130101); H01H 9/32 (20130101); H01H
1/242 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
15/00 (20060101); H01H 9/30 (20060101); H01H
9/32 (20060101); H01H 15/06 (20060101); H01H
1/12 (20060101); H01H 1/24 (20060101); H01h
009/26 (); H01h 027/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/5R,5A,61.19,153M,166BA |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scott; J. R.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A push-pull type electric switch assembly for single and matrix
applications comprising an elongated, fixed, pin-like contact
mounted on a base and a movable contact, means to mount said
movable contact perpendicular to said pin, means to bias said
movable contact to a closed position against said pin, an
insulative plunger having a nose portion at one end, said plunger
being slidably mounted on said pin, said plunger being reciprocable
between a depressed position wherein said nose portion lies between
said pin and said movable contact and a retracted position wherein
said nose portion is removed from between said pin and said movable
contact, and means to limit movement of said movable contact by
said plunger along said pin parallel to the axis of said pin.
2. The structure claimed in claim 1 wherein said plunger has an
axial bore, said pin being receivable within said bore with a
sliding fit.
3. The structure claimed in claim 1 including a plurality of said
switch assemblies, said switch assemblies being arranged in a row
with their pins in spaced relationship to each other on said base,
the movable contacts of each said assemblies comprising a common,
elongated, resilient contact threaded along said pins in a zig-zag
fashion, whereby said common movable contact is biased against said
pins.
4. The structure claimed in claim 1 including a second movable
contact, said movable contacts being mounted one above the other,
means to bias said second movable contact to a closed position
against said pin, means to limit movement of said second movable
contact by said plunger along said pin parallel to the axis of said
pin, the nose of said plunger lying between said pin and both of
said movable contacts when said plunger is in its depressed
position, the nose of said plunger lying between said pin and both
of said movable contacts when said plunger is in its retracted
position, and means to prevent contact between said movable
contacts.
5. The structure claimed in claim 2 wherein said base comprises a
planar member having first and second parallel surfaces, said pin
being mounted on said first surface normal thereto, a pair of
spaced mounts said movable contact comprising an elongated,
resilient contact having its ends affixed to said mounts and being
in parallel spaced relationship with said first surface, said
mounts being affixed to said first surface on either side of said
pin, said mounts being so located with respect to said pin as to
cause said biasing of said movable contact.
6. The structure claimed in claim 2 wherein said plunger has a
circular cross-section perpendicular to its axis, and said nose
portion has a tapered surface whereby to assist the shifting of
said movable contact away from said pin by said plunger as said
plunger is moved from said retracted position to said depressed
position.
7. The structure claimed in claim 3 including additional rows of
said pins, each of said rows of said pins having its respective
common movable contact for said pins thereof, said base comprising
a printed circuit board, all of said pins being mounted on said
board, one pin from each of said rows making electrical contact
with a common portion of said printed circuit on said board.
8. The structure claimed in claim 5 wherein said movable contact
comprises a coil spring.
9. The structure claimed in claim 5 wherein said base member
comprises a printed circuit board, said board having a printed
circuit on said second surface, said pin extending through said
base and making electrical contact with a portion of said printed
circuit.
10. The structure claimed in claim 5 including a face plate, means
for affixing said face plate to said base in parallel spaced
relationship to said first surface, said movable contact being
located between said first surface and said face plate, said face
plate having a perforation therein, the end of said plunger
opposite said end having said nose portion extending through said
perforation in said face plate with a clearance fit, a flange on
said plunger adapted to abut said face plate and determine said
retracted position of said plunger.
11. The structure claimed in claim 6 wherein said plunger has an
annular groove into which said movable contact seats when said
plunger is in its depressed position.
12. The structure claimed in claim 10 wherein said means to limit
movement of said movable contact along said pin parallel to said
pin axis comprises a cylindrical washer surrounding said pin and
positioned between said first surface of said base and said movable
contact, said washer having an internal diameter sufficient to
permit passage of said plunger nose portion therein, said washer
having an axial length slightly less than the distance between said
first surface of said base and said movable contact, and a
cylindrical spacer about said pin and said plunger and positioned
between said face plate and said movable contact, said cylindrical
spacer having an internal diameter sufficient to permit passage of
said plunger and plunger flange therethrough, said cylindrical
spacer having an axial length slightly less than the distance
between said face plate and said movable contact.
13. The structure claimed in claim 10 including a color band about
said plunger and so positioned thereon as to be visible above said
face plate when said plunger is in its retracted position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a push-pull type electric switch, and more
particularly to an electric switch suitable for single or matrix
switching applications.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior art workers have devised many forms of electric switches
comprising a fixed contact, a movable contact biased against the
fixed contact and an insulative actuator to shift the movable
contact away from the fixed contact. U.S. Letters Patent No.
3,400,236 is exemplary of such switches. Generally, however, prior
art switches of the type described have required a number of parts
and have been expensive to manufacture. Frequently, the prior art
switches have been bulky and have utilized pivotal or shifting-type
actuators. Therefore, they have not been characterized by high
packing densities. In many instances, the prior art switches have
required critical assembly operations, and once assemblied, the
switch parts have not been readily accessible.
The present invention is directed to a simple electric switch
wherein standard or low cost molded components may be used. The
switch of the present invention requires no critical assembly
operations and, once assembled, all parts are captive. The switch
may be provided with any desired form of face plate, and by simple
removal of the face plate, all parts of the switch are accessible.
The switch is characterized by a positive switching action, and the
contacts are self-cleaning. When used with a printed circuit board,
the board need have an etched pattern on one side only. Each switch
of the present invention is capable of having more than one movable
contact. The switch of the present invention is particularly
adapted to matrix uses, since it is characterized by a high packing
density.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In its simplest form, the switch of the present invention comprises
an elongated pin-like fixed contact a movable contact biased
against the pin and plunger means slidably mounted on the pin and
axially movable between a position wherein it lies between the pin
and the movable contact and a position wherein it is withdrawn from
between the pin and the movable contact. In one embodiment, the pin
is affixed to a printed circuit board and makes electrical
connection with the pattern on the board, as required. The movable
contact comprises a helical spring, tensioned between two mounts
affixed to the board. The spring mounts are so positioned on the
board as to cause the spring to normally contact the pin. A
plunger, made of insulative material, is slidably mounted on the
pin. The plunger has a tapered end so that as it is moved to its
depressed position it shifts the spring or movable contact away
from the pin.
A face plate is provided in parallel spaced relationship to the
printed circuit board. The free end of the plunger extends through
a perforation in the face plate. Axial movement of the plunger
along the pin in a direction toward the face plate may be limited
by an annular flange on the plunger contacting the inner surface of
the face plate. A cylindrical spacer is located about the pin and
plunger in the space between the face plate and the spring or
movable contact. This spacer limits movement of the spring in a
direction toward the face plate. A cylindrical washer is provided
about the pin and in the space between the spring or movable
contact and the printed circuit board to limit movement of the
spring in a direction toward the printed circuit board.
The plunger may be provided with an annular groove adjacent its
tapered end for a more positive engagement of the plunger and the
movable contact or spring when the plunger is in its "off"
position. The plunger may also have a colored band so located on
its body as to show above the face plate when the plunger is in its
"on" position.
A single switch of the present invention may be provided with more
than one spring contact, each spring contact being separated from
the other by a panel of insulative material. A number of switches
of the present invention may be located adjacent each other and may
share the same common spring contact. In addition, a plurality of
switches of the present invention may be applied to a matrix
system, as for example the matrix system used in association with
the setter boards of electric organs.
Finally, any suitable means may be provided to actuate the
plungers. They may, for example, simply be actuated by hand. The
free ends of the plungers may be provided with knobs to assist hand
actuation. Finally, the plungers may be actuated by other means
such as the rocker tabs or tone color tabs of an electric
organ.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view, partly in cross section,
illustrating the switch of the present invention in its open
position.
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view, taken along the section line 2--2
of FIG. 1, but illustrates the switch in its closed position.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in cross section,
illustrating a plurality of switches of the present invention
utilizing a common movable contact.
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a plunger of the present invention
provided with an annular groove.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, elevational view, partly in cross section,
and illustrating a face plate and a plunger of the present
invention, the plunger being provided with a color band.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in cross section,
illustrating a plurality of switches of the present invention as
used in a matrix system.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary elevational view, partly in cross section,
illustrating a switch of the present invention having two movable
contacts.
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary elevational view, partly in cross section,
illustrating a face plate and a pair of plungers provided with
knobs.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view, partly in cross section,
illustrating a plunger of the present invention actuated by a
rocker tab.
FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view taken along the section line
10--10 of FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary elevational, partly in cross section,
illustrating a plunger of the present invention actuated by a tone
color tab.
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary perspective view of the plunger and tone
color tab of FIG. 11.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The switch of the present invention is illustrated in its simplest
form in FIG. 1 and 2. In these Figures, an etched board or printed
circuit board is shown at 1. A portion of a circuit is illustrated
(of exaggerated thickness) on the rearward side of the board, as at
2.
A fixed contact, in the form of an elongated pin, is illustrated at
3. The pin 3 may be affixed to the printed circuit board 1 in any
suitable manner. For purposes of an exemplary illustration, the
rearward end of the pin is shown as passing through a perforation
1a in the printed circuit board. That portion of the rearward end
of the pin which extends beyond the rearward surface of the printed
circuit board is upset to form a head 4, in the manner of a rivet
or the like. The head 4 makes electrical contact with the printed
circuit portion 2. The pin 3 is provided with an annular flange 5
which serves a number of purposes. First of all, the annular flange
5 determines the extent to which the rearward end of the pin
extends through the perforation 1a. Secondly, the annular flange
cooperates with the head 4 to firmly affix the pin 3 to the printed
circuit board 1. An additional purpose of the flange 5 will be
described hereinafter.
A movable contact is illustrated at 6 in the form of a coil spring.
The ends of the coil spring are affixed to mounts 7 and 8. Again,
the mounts 7 and 8 may be affixed to the printed circuit board by
any suitable means. For purposes of an exemplary showing, they are
illustrated as affixed by rivets 9 and 10, respectively. The mounts
7 and 8 may either connect with the printed circuit on the board 1,
or they may serve as terminals for external wiring. For purposes of
an exemplary illustration, the rivet 9 is illustrated as making
contact with a portion 11 of the printed circuit. The rivet 10, is
illustrated as having a wire 12 connected thereto by soldering or
the like.
As will be evident from FIGS. 1 and 2, the mounts 7 and 8 are so
positioned with respect to the pin 3 that the pin will lie in the
normal axial path of the spring contact 6 between the mounts 7 and
8, with the result that the spring contact 6 will be biased into
contact with the pin 3.
A face plate 13 is affixed to the printed circuit board 1 by means
of a plurality of supports, one of which is shown at 14. These
supports maintain the face plate in parallel spaced relationship to
the printed circuit board. The assembly of the face plate, the
printed circuit board and the supports may be made in any suitable
manner, as by screws 15 and 16.
The face plate 13 has a perforation therein, indicated at 17. It
will be noted from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the pin 3 extends part way
through the perforation 17. A plunger, made of insulative material,
is shown at 18. The plunger has a central bore 19 adapted to
receive the pin 3 with a sliding fit. Thus the plunger 18 is
supported by the pin 3 and extends through the perforation 17 in
the face plate 13.
The rearward end of the plunger is provided with a tapered surface
or nose portion 20. The body of the plunger is provided with an
annular flange 21. The annular flange 21 is of greater diameter
than the perforation 17 in the face plate, so that the uppermost or
retracted position of the plunger is determined by the abutment of
the rearward surface of the face plate 13 and the annular flange
21. The lowermost position of the plunger may be determined either
by the bottoming of the pin 3 in the perforation 19 or by the
abutment of the tapered nose 20 and the annular pin flange 5. The
plunger 18 may also be provided with an annular groove 18a at its
forward end. The annular groove may serve as means to assist manual
actuation of the plunger, or it may serve as means for attachment
of some other form of actuation means, as will be described
hereinafter.
A cylindrical spacer is shown at 22. The spacer 22 has an internal
diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the plunger flange
21. It will be noted from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the spacer 22 is
captively held by the plunger between the rearward surface of the
face plate 13 and the spring contact 6.
A cylindrical washer is shown at 23. The washer 23 has an internal
diameter greater than the diameter of the plunger body and is
captively held by the pin 3 between the spring contact 6 and the
forward surface of the printed circuit board 1. Finally, it will be
noted that the plunger 18 is captively held on the pin 3 by virtue
of the cooperation of the rearward surface of the face plate 13 and
the annular plunger flange 21.
The operation of the electric switch of FIGS. 1 and 2 may be
described as follows. FIG. 2 illustrates the switch in its closed
condition. In this instance, the plunger is in is retracted
position and the movable or spring contact 6 is free to make
electrical contact with the fixed contact or pin 3.
To open the switch, it is only necessary to move the plunger 18 to
its depressed position, as illustrated in FIG. 1. As the plunger
moves downwardly along the pin 3, the nose 20 will engage the
spring contact 6. Upon engagement of the spring contact by the
plunger nose 20, the spring contact will first be pushed down along
the pin 3 thus wiping the contact surfaces clean. The spring
contact will then abut the cylindrical washer 23, which will deter
further downward movement of the spring 6. This action of the
washer 23, together with increased tension of the spring contact
will cause the spring contact to be drawn upwardly along the
tapered nose 20 of the plunger, thus shifting the spring contact
away from the pin 3.
To return the switch to its closed position, the plunger 18 is
moved to its retracted position illustrated in FIG. 2. As the
plunger moves upwardly, the spring 6 will contact the spacer 22,
which will serve to limit upward movement of the spring. When the
plunger attains its fully retracted position, the spring 6 will be
free to make electrical contact with the pin 3.
It will be understood by one skilled in the art that the annular
pin flange 5 will serve to space the cylindrical washer 23 from the
main body of the pin, so that the washer 23 cannot interfere with
the downward movement of the plunger nose 20. The plunger 18, the
cylindrical spacer 22 and the cylindrical washer 23 are all made of
insulative material. They can, for example, comprise simple molded
parts of plastic or other insulative material.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view illustrating a plurality of switches
similar to that shown in FIG. 1 and 2. A printed circuit board is
illustrated at 24 and may be similar to the printed circuit board 1
of FIGS. 1 and 2. The board is provided with a plurality of pins 25
through 28, each identical to the pin 3 of FIGS. 1 and 2, and each
having a pin flange 25a through 28a, respectively, identical to the
pin flange 5 of FIGS. 1 and 2. The pins 25 through 28 are
surrounded with cylindrical washers 29 through 32, respectively,
identical to the cylindrical washer 23 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
Each of the pins 25-28 will be provided with a plunger and a
cylindrical spacer, identical to the plunger 18 and cylindrical
spacer 22 of FIGS. 1 and 2. A face plate similar to face plate 13
of FIGS. 1 and 2 will also be provided, having a plurality of
perforations through which the plungers will extend. For purposes
of clarity, the plungers, cylindrical spacers and the face plate
have not been illustrated in FIG. 3, but their respective purposes
and modes of operations will be identical to that described with
respect to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The purpose of FIG. 3 is to illustrate that a plurality of switch
assemblies may use a common movable contact. For purposes of an
exemplary showing, the movable contact in FIG. 3 is illustrated as
a coil spring 33 substantially identical to the spring contact 6 of
FIGS. 1 and 2. It will be understood by one skilled in the art that
the ultimate ends of the spring contact 33 will be provided with
mounts which may be similar to those shown at 7 and 8 in FIGS. 1
and 2.
The spring contact 33 is threaded about the pins 25 through 28 in a
zig-zag manner, so that the spring contact 33 is biased into
contact with each of the pins. Thus, in essence, pins 25 and 27
serve as effective mounts for that of the spring contact 33 which
makes electrical contact with the pin 26. Pins 26 and 28 serve as
effect mounts for that portion of the spring 33 which makes
electrical contact with pin 27, and so on. The operation of the
individual switch assemblies of FIG. 3 is identical to that
described with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2, the only difference being
that each fixed contact or pin 25 through 28 will make electrical
contact with the same movable contact 33 when its respective
plunger is in its retracted position.
It will be understood by one skilled in the art that the movable
contact 33 will have adequate contact pressure against pins 25
through 28, regardless of errors in alignment of the pins.
Furthermore, where the spacing between the pins is small, it is not
necessary to provide a cylindrical spacer and a cylindrical washer
for each pin.
FIG. 4 illustrates a plunger substantially identical to that shown
in FIGS. 1 and 2, and like parts have been given like index
numerals. The pin of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIGS. 1 and 2 only
in that it is provided with an annular notch 34 adjacent its nose
portion 20. The annular notch 34 is so sized that when the plunger
of FIG. 4 is in its fully depressed position (as shown in FIG. 1)
the spring contact will engage the annular notch 34 and more
positively hold the plunger in its depressed or switch-off
position. The nature of the interengagement of the spring contact
and the annular notch 34 is such, however, as to not interfere with
movement of the plunger to its retracted or switch-on position,
when a pulling force is applied to the plunger.
FIG. 5 illustrates a face plate and plunger substantially identical
to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and like parts have been given like
index numerals. Instant visual identification of the state of the
switch can be facilitated by providing a color band about the body
of the plunger and so positioned that the color shows above the
face plate 13 only when the plunger is in its retracted or
switch-on position. Such a color band is shown at 35 in FIG. 5. The
band is of such width that when the plunger is in its depressed or
switch-off position (i.e., the position shown in FIG. 1) the band
25 will be wholly below the face plate 13 and will not be visable
to the observer.
FIG. 6 illustrates a plurality of switches of the present invention
in a matrix arrangement. The Figure illustrates the forward or
upper surface of a printed circuit board 36 substantially
equivalent to the printed circuit board 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2. For
purposes of an exemplary showing, the lower or rearward side of the
printed circuit board 36 is illustrated as having 3 printed circuit
pattern elements 37 through 39 thereon, together with 9 additional
printed circuit elements 40 through 48. The printed circuit
elements 40 through 42 are connected to the printed circuit element
37 via resistors, diodes or the like, indicated at 49 through 51.
Similarly the printed circuit elements 43 through 45 are connected
to the printed circuit element 38 via resistors 52 through 54 and
the printed circuit elements 46 through 48 are connected to the
printed circuit elements 39 via resistors 55 through 57. For
purposes of clarity, only the pins of the individual switch
elements are illustrated, it being understood that each of the
switch elements may be identical to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Thus, pins 58 through 60 make electrical contact with printed
circuit elements 40 through 42, respectively. Similarly, pins 61
through 63 make electrical contact with printed circuit elements 43
through 45, respectively, and pins 64 through 66 make electrical
contact with printed circuit elements 46 through 48, respectively.
Finally, the matrix is provided with 3 movable contact elements 67,
68 and 69. The movable contact element 67 is adapted to make
contact with pins 58, 61 and 64, in the same zig-zag manner
illustrated in FIG. 3. Similarly, movable switch contact 68 is
intended to make electrical contact with pins 59, 62 and 65, while
movable contact 69 is intended to make electrical contact with pins
60, 63 and 66.
If each of the printed circuit elements 37 through 39 are connected
to their own particular circuitry, and if each of the movable
contact elements 67 through 69 are connected to their own
particulary circuitry, it will be evident from FIG. 6 that the
circuit of movable contact 67 may be connected to any one of, or
all of, the circuits of printed circuit elements 37 through 39
through the agency of the switch assemblies respresented by pins
58, 61 and 64. The same is true with respect to the circuit
connected to movable switch contact 68, through the agency of
switch assemblies respresented by pins 59 62 and 65. Finally, the
circuit connected to the movable contact 69 may be connected to any
or all of the circuits of printed circuit elements 37 through 39
through the agency of switch assemblies represented by pins 60, 63
and 66.
FIG. 6 illustrates how well the switch assemblies of the present
invention lend themselves to a matrix system and how a great many
such switch assemblies may be located in a relatively small space
on the printed circuit board 36. Again, as in the case of the
structure illustrated in FIG. 3, each of the movable contact
elements will have adaquate contact pressures against their
respective pins, regardless of errors in alignment of the pins.
Again, where the center-to-center spacing between the pins is
small, it is not necessary to provide a cylindrical spacer and a
cylindrical washer (of the types shown at 22 and 23 in FIGS. 1 and
2) for each pin.
It is possible to provide a switch of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and
2 with a plurality of movable switch contacts. This is illustrated
in FIG. 7 wherein, for purposes of an exemplary illustration, a
switch is shown having two movable contacts. In this instance, a
printed circuit board is shown at 70 equivalent to the printed
circuit board in FIGS. 1 and 2. A portion of a printed circuit is
indicated at 70a, similar to that portion shown at 2 in FIGS. 1 and
2. A pin 71 is affixed to the board 70 and has an annular flange
71a. Again, the pin 71 is equivalent to the pin 3 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
A plunger is illustrated at 72. A face plate is shown at 73 having
a perforation for the pin 71 and the plunger 72 at 74. Finally, a
cylindrical spacer 75 and a cylindrical washer 76 are also shown.
It will be understood by one skilled in the art that the plunger
72, face plate 73, cylindrical spacer 75 and cylindrical washer 76
are equivalent to the plunger 18, face plate 13, cylindrical spacer
22 and cylindrical washer 23 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
In the embodiment of FIG. 7 a pair of movable contacts, in the form
of coil springs, are shown at 77 and 78. While the embodiment is
not so limited, for purposes of an exemplary showing the contacts
77 and 78 are illustrated as being oriented generally at right
angles to each other. The contacts 77 and 78 will be provided with
any suitable form of mounts (not shown). The mounts may, for
example, be substantially identical to those shown at 7 and 8 in
FIGS. 1 and 2. It will be understood that the mounts will be so
located with respect to the pins that both the upper contact 77 and
lower contact 78 will be biased into contact with the pin 71 in the
same manner described with respect to contact 6 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
Similarly, the mounts for the contacts 77 and 78 may be
electrically connected to portions of the printed circuit, or they
may comprise terminals for external wiring.
The upper movable contact 77 and the lower movable contact 78 are
separated from each other by an insulative plate 79 having a
perforation 80 therethrough of sufficient diameter to permit
passage of the pin 71 and the plunger 72. The face plate 73, the
printed circuit board 68 and the separating plate 79 are maintained
in parallel spaced relationship by a plurality of supports, two of
which are illustrated at 81 and 82. Again the assembly may be held
together by any suitable means such as screws or bolts 83 and
84.
It will be noted that the plunger 72 has a tapered nose 85 and an
annular flange 86 similar to the tapered noise 20 and annular
flange 21 of the plunger 18 in FIGS. 1 and 2. The distance between
the tapered nose 85 and the annular flange 86 must be sufficient to
permit the tapered nose to extend downwardly beyond the lower
movable contact 78.
The operation of the embodiment of FIG. 7 is substantially
identical to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and may be
described as follows. The plunger 72 is illustrated in its
retracted to switch-on position. This uppermost position is limited
by contact of the plunger flange 86 and the rearward surface of the
face plate 73. The plunger will retain this position by virtue of
the fact that the nose portion 85 will rest lightly on the upper
switch contact 77. When the plunger is in the position illustrated,
movable contacts 77 and 78 will make electrical contact with the
fixed pin 71 and the switch will be "on." When the plunger is
depressed, the tapered nose 85 of the plunger will engage the upper
movable contact 77 shoving it downwardly along the pin 71 thereby
cleaning the contact areas between these two elements. Downward
movement of the upper contact 77 will be deterred by contact with
the separating plate 79. This action, combined with increased
tension on the upper contact 77, will cause the upper contact to
ride upwardly on the tapered nose of the plunger and be shifted
away from the pin 71. The plunger will continue until it next
engages the lower movable contact 78. Again it will cause a wiping
action between this contact and the pin 71, whereupon further
depression of the movable contact will be prevented by the
cylindrical washer 76. This action, coupled with increased tension
on the lower contact member 78, will cause it to ride upwardly over
the tapered nose 85 of the plunger and shift to a position out of
contact with the pin 71. Thus, when the plunger 72 is in its
depressed or switch-off position, both contacts 77 and 78 will be
held in spaced relationship to the pin 70 by the plunger.
FIG. 8 illustrates a face plate 87 equivalent to the face plate 13
of FIGS. 1 and 2 or the face plate 73 of FIG. 7. In this instance,
the face plate is provided with a pair of perforations 87a and 87b.
A plunger 88 extends through the perforation 87a and a plunger 89
extends through the perforation 87b. The plungers 88 and 89 may be
the equivalent of any of the plunger illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 4,
5, or 7.
FIG. 8 is intended to illustrate that when the plunger or plungers
are intended to be manipulated by hand, they may be provided with
knobs to facilitate engagement by the operators finger. To this
end, the plunger 88 is provided with a knob 90 and the plunger 89
is provided with a knob 91. The particular configuration of the
knobs 90 and 91 and their manner of attachment to their respective
plunger do not constitute a limitation on the present
invention.
The switch assemblies of the present invention are not limited to
actuation by hand. The plungers may be moved between their
depressed and retracted positions by any suitable means since the
switch assemblies are particularly well adapted for use in electric
organs and the like. For purposes of an exemplary showing FIGS. 9
and 10 illustrate a switch means of the present invention actuated
by a typical rocker tab of an electric organ. A rocker tab (of
conventional configuration) is illustrated at 92 and is rockably
mounted on a pivot pin 93, supported by conventional support means
(not shown). The upper portion of the rock tab extends through a
perforation 94 in a panel 95, again as is conventional. A switch
plunger of the present invention is shown at 96. The plunger may be
considered the equivalent of any of the plungers illustrated in
FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7. Again, the plunger is illustrated as having
an annular groove 97 adjacent its upper end.
One end of the rocker tab 92 is provided with an outwardly
extending lug 98. The underside of the lug 98 is provided with a
depression 99 of sufficient size as to receive the uppermost end of
plunger 96. A resilient spring clip 100, of U-shaped cross section,
is provided on the lug 98 and is intended to frictionally engage
the lug. The lower surface of the spring clip 100 has a slot 101
(see FIG. 10). The slot is so sized as to permit engagement by the
clip of the plunger 96 at the annular groove 97. Thus, the spring
clip 100 operatively connects the plunger 96 to the rocker tab lug
98.
As will be evident from FIG. 9, the rocker tab has been rocked in a
counter-clockwise direction about the pivot pin 93 and the plunger
96 is in its depressed position. Pressure applied to the forward
end of the rocker tab 92 will cause it to rock in a clockwise
direction, thereby moving the plunger 96 to its retracted position.
The limits of movement of the plunger between its retracted and
depressed positions will be controlled in the manner described with
respect to FIG. 1 and 2. This, in turn, will determine the limits
of the rocking movement of the rocker tab 92 in the clockwise and
counter-clockwise directions about the pivot pin 93.
FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a switch of the present invention
actuable by means of a conventional tone color tab of an electric
organ. Turning first to FIG. 11, the tone color tab comprises a
shank 103 having an enlarged portion 104 engageable by the
operators fingers. The shank 103 extends through an opening in a
panel 105 and is pivotally mounted as at 106 to a conventional lug
or mount 107.
The upper end of a switch plunger of the present invention is
illustrated at 108, extending through a perforation 109 in a face
plate 110. The face plate 110 may be considered to be the
equivalent of face plates 13 or 73 in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 7,
respectively. In similar fashion, the plunger 108 may be considered
to be the equivalent of any of the plungers illustrated in FIGS. 1,
2, 4, 5 and 7. It will be noted that the upper end of the plunger
108 is again provided with an annular groove 111. It will further
be noted that the upper end of the plunger 108 passes through a
perforation 112 in the rearward end of the tone color tab shank
103. As is clearly shown both in FIGS. 11 and 12, the rearward end
of the shank 103 is provided with a resilient spring clip 113 of
U-shaped cross section and adapted to frictionally engage the shank
103. The bottom portion of the U-shaped clip has a slot 113a there
of a width equivalent to the diameter of the body of the plunger
108. The upper portion of the U-shaped clip has a slot 113b of a
width equivalent to the diameter of the plunger 108 at the annular
groove 111. Thus, when the upper end of the plunger 108 is inserted
through the perforation 112 in the shank 103 and the clip 113 is
put in place as illustrated, the plunger 108 will be operatively
affixed to the rearward end of the shank 103 of the tone colored
tab.
It will be evident from FIG. 11 that the plunger 108 is illustrated
in its fully depressed position. If the tone color tab is caused to
rock or pivot in a clockwise direction about the pivot point 106,
the plunger 108 will be moved to its retracted position. Rocking of
the tone color tab about the pivot point 106 in a counter-clockwise
direction will return the plunger 108 to the position illustrated.
The limited movement of the plunger between its depressed and
retracted positions will limit the amount of rocking of the tone
color tab. Sufficient clearance must be provided with respect to
the perforation 112 and the clip slots 113a and 113b to accommodate
the changes in angular orientation of the shank 103 with respect to
the plunger 108, brought about by the rocking of the tone color tab
about the pivot point 106.
Modifications may be made in the invention without departing from
the spirit of it. For example, while all of the movable contacts
illustrated herein are shown in the form of coil springs, they may
be made of any suitable resilient, conductive material.
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