U.S. patent number 3,696,593 [Application Number 04/757,329] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-10 for electric start for mowers.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Toro Manufacturing Coporation. Invention is credited to Kenneth N. Hasenbank, James J. Snegoski, Richard A. Thorud.
United States Patent |
3,696,593 |
Thorud , et al. |
October 10, 1972 |
ELECTRIC START FOR MOWERS
Abstract
An electric start system for a lawn mower powered by an internal
combustion engine. The engine is cranked by means of a Bendix type
starter, the pinion of which engages the engine flywheel during the
cranking operation, and then automatically disengages therefrom
when the engine starts. The electric motor of the Bendix starter is
powered by batteries carried on the handle of the mower and is
energized by a key switch also on the handle within easy and
convenient reach of the operator. A charger is also provided which
enables the battery to be recharged on or off the mower. The
battery also has a single receptacle connector for selective
connection to the starter motor and charger, whereby the engine
cannot be started when the battery is being recharged.
Inventors: |
Thorud; Richard A.
(Minneapolis, MN), Snegoski; James J. (Shakopee, MN),
Hasenbank; Kenneth N. (Minneapolis, MN) |
Assignee: |
Toro Manufacturing Coporation
(Minneapolis, MN)
|
Family
ID: |
25047385 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/757,329 |
Filed: |
September 4, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
56/17.5; 56/11.9;
123/179.26; 56/10.5; 123/179.22 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01D
34/6818 (20130101); F02N 15/006 (20130101); F02N
11/087 (20130101); F02N 15/023 (20130101); A01D
2101/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A01D
34/68 (20060101); A01D 34/67 (20060101); A01d
035/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;56/25.4
;123/179,190 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peshock; Robert
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a rotary mower which includes a housing, a vertical shaft
internal combustion engine mounted on said housing, a cutting blade
mounted on said shaft and located beneath said housing, and a drive
gear drivingly attached to the upper end of said shaft, an electric
starting system comprising:
1. an electric motor secured to said engine, said motor including
an upstanding output shaft extending a substantial distance beyond
said motor and terminating vertically adjacent to the gear teeth on
said drive gear said shaft having external helical threads
advancing away from said motor in a rotational direction opposite
to the rotational direction of said motor;
2. a pinion gear with a bore therethrough having internal helical
threads therein matching the external threads of said output shaft
for interconnection therewith, said pinion gear located on said
output shaft and normally positioned in threaded engagement
adjacent to said motor when said motor is not energized;
3. stop means on the extended end of said output shaft to prevent
said gear from advancing off said shaft when said motor is
energized, whereby upon energizing said motor said gear will
advance along said shaft to engage said gear teeth and rotatably
drive said drive gear;
4. a battery mounted on said mower for energizing said motor;
and
4. a manually operable switch mounted on said mower in circuit with
said motor and battery for starting and stopping said motor.
2. The mower of claim 1, including handle means for steering said
mower, and wherein said battery is mounted on said handle.
3. The mower of claim 2, wherein said handle includes a forwardly
and upwardly facing panel, and wherein said battery is mounted on
said panel on the underside thereof.
4. The mower of claim 3, wherein said battery includes a
casing,
said casing having a forwardly extending tab,
an opening in said panel for receiving said tab and thereby
supporting the front portion of said casing, and spring clip means
carried by the rear portion of said casing and releasably
attachable to said panel for supporting the rear portion of said
casing.
5. The mower of claim 1, wherein said switch automatically moves
from closed to open position when released.
6. The mower of claim 1, wherein said switch is operated by a
removable key.
7. The mower of claim 1, wherein said switch is operated by a
removable key and automatically moves from closed to open position
when said key is released.
8. The mower of claim 1, including handle means for steering said
mower, and wherein said switch is mounted on said handle within
reach of an operator standing behind said handle.
9. The mower of claim 8, wherein said handle includes a forwardly
and upwardly facing panel, and wherein said switch is mounted on
the underside of said panel and extends upwardly through an opening
in said panel.
10. The mower of claim 9, wherein said switch is housed in a common
casing with said battery, said casing being mounted on the
underside of and supported by said panel.
11. The mower of claim 2, including a casing, said casing housing
therewithin said battery and said switch,
said casing being mounted on the upper end portion of said handle
means.
12. The mower according to claim 11, wherein said switch is
operated by a removable key.
13. The mower according to claim 1, including spring means for
downwardly biasing said pinion gear.
14. The mower according to claim 13, wherein said switch is
normally electrically open and biased towards the open
position,
and wherein said switch is inoperable without a key.
15. The mower according to claim 14, including a casing for
containing said battery, wherein said casing includes only one
receptacle connector for connecting said battery with said motor or
alternatively with a battery charging device, said receptacle
connector being capable of engaging only one plug connector at a
time from said motor or said charging device.
16. In a rotary mower which includes a housing, a vertical shaft
internal combustion engine mounted on said housing, a cutting blade
mounted on said shaft and located beneath said housing, and a drive
gear drivingly attached to the upper end of said shaft, an electric
starting system comprising:
1. an electric motor secured to said engine, said motor including
an upstanding output shaft extending a substantial distance beyond
said motor and terminating vertically above the gear teeth on said
drive gear, said shaft having external helical threads advancing
away from said motor in a rotational direction the same as the
rotational direction of said motor;
2. a pinion gear with a bore therethrough having internal helical
threads therein matching the external threads of said output shaft
for interconnection therewith said pinion gear located on said
output shaft and normally positioned in threaded engagement with
said external helical threads adjacent the terminating end of said
output shaft and above said drive gear teeth when said motor is not
energized;
3. stop means adjacent the terminating end of said output shaft to
maintain said pinion gear on said output shaft;
4. spring means for urging said pinion gear toward said stop means,
whereby upon energizing said motor said gear will advance down
along said shaft to engage said gear teeth and rotatably drive said
drive gear;
5. a battery mounted on said mower for energizing said motor;
and
6. a manually operable switch mounted on said mower in circuit with
said motor and battery for starting and stopping said motor.
Description
Gas powered lawn mowers are conventionally started either by means
of a recoil type starter in which the operator pulls a rope to spin
the engine or by means of an impulse type starter in which a spring
is wound manually by means of a crank handle, and the spring is
then released to spin the engine. Both of these types of
conventional starting systems involve a considerable expenditure of
effort on the part of the operator and many people are incapable of
expending the necessary amount of effort, or must expend same with
considerable difficulty. Also, these conventional types of starting
systems commonly require the operator to repeat the starting
operation if the engine doesn't start on the first try, thereby
requiring repeated pulls on the rope of the recoil type starter or
repeated cranking of the crank handle of the impulse starter. This
repetition is tiring, annoying, and time consuming. Another
disadvantage of the conventional starting systems is that they
usually require the operator to stand close to the mower housing,
and in so doing the operator is exposed to the hazard of injurying
his feet if they should inadvertently find their way under the
housing when the engine starts.
Therefore, an important object of this invention is to provide an
effortless starting system for a lawn mower powered by an internal
combustion engine.
Still another object is to provide a starting system for a mower
powered by an internal combustion engine which can be operated by
the operator a safe distance from the mower housing.
Still another object is to provide a starting system for a lawn
mower in which one of the necessary components of the starter can
be conveniently and quickly removed from the mower by the operator
when not in use to be sure that the mower will not be started by
children. These and other objects and advantages will appear and be
apparent from the following description and drawings accompanying
same in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mower embodying one preferred
form of this invention,
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the starter and flywheel, with
portions broken away,
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a side view of the battery case and starting switch, with
portions broken away,
FIG. 5 is a rear view of FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the steering handle, battery, switch
and charger,
FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of the starting system,
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a portion of the mower of FIG. 1
showing an alternate method of manually starting the engine in the
event that electric start system malfunctions.
Referring to the drawings, a rotary mower is illustrated which
incorporates one preferred embodiment of the electric starting
system of this invention. The illustrated rotary mower (which may
be of any conventional design) includes a housing 10 which encloses
a conventional rotatable cutter blade (not shown), a pair of ground
engaging rear traction wheels 12, a pair of ground engaging front
traction wheels 13, and an upwardly and rearwardly extending
steering handle 14 behind which the operator normally walks for
guiding the mower. A gas engine 15 is mounted on the deck of the
mower housing and it is enclosed by a shroud 16. The shroud 16 is
provided with a removable shroud insert 17 covering a pulley 18 to
the crank shaft for manual starting of the engine as an alternate
backup method to be discussed in more detail hereinafter.
The engine is provided with a flywheel 19 attached to the engine
crank shaft, which flywheel is provided with peripheral gear teeth
19a about the entire periphery thereof, which gear teeth are
provided to permit starting of the engine by the electrical
starting system hereinafter described.
The starting system of this invention includes a Bendix type
starting system mounted directly on the mower. This Bendix system
includes an electric motor 20 mounted on the engine by means of a
bracket 21, said motor having a drive shaft 22 powered thereby
extending vertically upward therefrom. The drive shaft is helically
threaded as at 22a and has rotatably mounted thereon the starter
pinion 23. The pinion is drivingly connected to the shaft by nut 50
which is internally threaded so as to engage the drive shaft. A
resilient annular rubber bumper 51 is interposed between and
frictionally engages the pinion and nut and the nut is held in
driving engagement with the pinion by lock ring 52. The stop cup 24
is mounted on the outer end of the shaft and retained thereon by
means of a nut 25 to limit the upward movement of the starter
pinion, with an anti-drift spring 26 being wound on the shaft and
interposed between the cup and the pinion, which spring serves as
an anti-drift device to inhibit vibrational movement of the pinion
when the starter is not in use.
The starter pinion is located below and out of engagement with the
gear teeth of the flywheel when the starting system is inoperative
as shown by the full line position of FIG. 2. However, when the
starting system is operative and the motor 20 is energized, the
rotation of the drive shaft causes the starter pinion to travel
upwardly along the shaft into driving engagement with the flywheel,
in a well known manner, whereupon it proceeds to drive the flywheel
and crank the engine until the engine starts. The Bendix gear 23
assuming the broken line position of FIG. 2 when in starting
engagement with the flywheel. When the engine does start, the speed
of the flywheel exceeds that of the starter pinion and causes it to
move downward and out of engagement with the flywheel in a manner
well known. The motor is provided with leadwires 27 and 28 having
connectors 27a and 28a for connection to the wiring harness and the
battery.
A control panel or escutcheon plate 29 is provided on the upper end
portion of the handle 14 within easy reach of the operator. A
casing 30 having a cover 43 is detachably mounted on the control
panel on the underside thereof by means of a pair of front hook
tabs 31 carried by the upper edge of the casing and extending
forwardly therefrom, which tabs are installed in slots 32 formed in
front flange 29a in the control panel. A pair of inverted U-shaped
spring clips 33 extend upwardly from the back wall of the casing in
spaced relationship therewith and snap over a pair of detents 60
formed on the rear flange 29b of the control panel to hold the
casing in place.
The casing 30 houses battery means which in the illustrated
embodiment comprises a battery pack 34 consisting of 12 Ni-Cad
(Nickel-Cadmium) batteries connected in series. Wires 35 and 36
connect the battery in circuit with receptacle connector 40
extending laterally from one end of the casing 30. The casing also
houses a starter switch 37, the upper end of which extends through
an opening 11 provided in the control panel and opening 43a in the
cover 43. The switch is operated by a quickly removable and
insertable key 38. The switch is spring loaded so that it will
automatically return to "off" (open) position from starting (closed
or "on") position whenever it is released by the operator. The
switch 37 is connected in circuit with the battery by wire 45, and
with receptacle 40 by wire 46.
The wiring harness 49 for connecting the battery to the starter
motor comprises a pair of wires 47-48 joined at one end by plug
connector 70 which is adapted to plug into receptacle 40. The other
ends of the wires 47-48 are provided with connectors 47a-48a for
connection with connectors 27a-28a respectively of the starter
motor.
Thus, to start the engine, the operator sets the throttle control
in the choke position and positions himself behind the handle, in
which position the operator's feet are positioned a safe distance
from the mower housing. The operator then inserts the key 38 in
drive starter switch 37 and turns same to the starting position
which energizes the electric motor of the Bendix drive. The
energization of said motor causes the drive pinion to move upwardly
into engagement with the flywheel and turns same until the engine
starts. When the engine starts the speed of the flywheel overruns
that of the drive pinion and causes the drive pinion to descend to
its inoperative position. The operator then releases the key and
the key then automatically returns to "off" position and then the
mower is running and ready to use. When the operator is finished
mowing, he can remove the key from the starter switch and store the
key is some place remote from the mower so that the key (and
electric start system) cannot be used by children to start the
mower, thus making it tamper proof.
The battery will periodically need recharging. To accomplish this
recharging, the trickle charger 39 is provided which can be plugged
into any standard 115 volt A.C. single phase 60 cycle household
outlet. The trickle charger 39 is provided with electric cord 41
having a plug connector 42 which is adapted to be inserted into the
battery receptacle 40 to recharge the battery, provided of course,
that plug connector 70 has first been disconnected from receptacle
40, since the battery has only the single receptacle 40. Thus, as a
safety feature the battery has a single receptacle 40 for selective
connection of the battery to either the trickle charger or the
electric starter motor. Thus, only the charger or the electric
motor can be connected to the battery at any given moment and it is
impossible for the battery to be connected to the charger and the
starter motor simultaneously.
In the event that the starting system hereinbefore described should
malfunction for any reason, an alternate means of starting the
mower is provided, said alternate means comprising the
aforementioned pulley 18. The shroud insert 17 is removed and a
rope 44 having handle 44a is installed in slot 18a of the pulley
and wound thereabout. The rope is then pulled by grasping the
handle 44a thereby spinning the pulley and crankshaft and cranking
said engine.
To recharge the battery, the motor is disconnected therefrom and
the trickle charger connected thereto. It will be noted that the
key is located on the control panel in a position readily
accessible to the operator when standing behind the handle in
normal operative position. Thus, whenever the mower is started, the
operator is positioned a safe distance from the mower housing so
that his feet cannot inadvertently be inserted under the mower
housing when the cutting blade begins to turn.
It will also be noted that the casing 30 can be quickly dismounted
from the handle for replacing the batteries or repairing or
replacing the switch, or for recharging the batteries, since it is
sometimes more convenient to recharge the battery with it removed
from the mower.
The casing is removed from the handle by grasping the casing from
the rear with both hands simultaneously, with the thumbs resting on
the upper edges of the mounting tabs or spring clips 33. The clips
33 are flexed slightly to the rear by the thumbs, thereby
disengaging them from the detents 60. The casing then pivots
downwardly on the front tabs 31 and is then completely disconnected
by pulling the casing rearwardly to free the tabs 31 from their
supporting slots.
It will also be noted that the flywheel 19 has fan blades 80
extending upwardly therefrom, so that the flywheel also serves as
the fan means for cooling the engine.
It will be further noted that this arrangement enables the starter
motor and Bendix drive to be located close to the engine and under
the shroud, where it can be protected from the elements, and where
it does not detract from the aesthetic appearance of the mower.
As an additional precaution, one side 40a of the receptacle 40 is
provided with a V-shape, whereas the opposing side is straight. The
connectors 42 and 70 are provided with corresponding shapes, so
that there is only one way of connecting or mating them with
receptacle 40. This assures that proper polarity will be achieved
when the connection is actually made.
The flywheel 19 and the gear teeth 19a thereof are formed of cast
aluminum, which minimizes the cost and reduces the weight.
It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made
in the form, details, arrangement and proportion of the various
parts without departing from the scope of this invention.
* * * * *