U.S. patent number 3,695,694 [Application Number 05/079,732] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-03 for ganging and stacking chair.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tartan Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert G. Mohr.
United States Patent |
3,695,694 |
Mohr |
October 3, 1972 |
GANGING AND STACKING CHAIR
Abstract
The invention is a ganging and stacking chair featuring new and
improved ganging fixtures. The chairs stack vertically
legs-upon-legs, with the ganging device aiding in maintaining the
vertical orientation of the stack. The ganging fixtures extend
across and extend beyond the side legs of the chair, to engage in
front and in back of the side legs. The male section of the ganger
is a rectangular wire loop, the outer ends of which extend,
respectively, in front of and in back of the chair legs forming
ears which are engaged by the female section. The female section is
a trapezoidal wire loop with sides which slant in toward the top,
and end portions which wrap over and laterally around the ears of
the male sections.
Inventors: |
Mohr; Robert G. (Grand Rapids,
MI) |
Assignee: |
Tartan Corporation (Kalamazoo,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22152442 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/079,732 |
Filed: |
October 12, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/248 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
1/124 (20130101); A47C 3/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
1/00 (20060101); A47C 3/04 (20060101); A47C
1/124 (20060101); A47C 3/00 (20060101); A47c
001/124 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/248,239
;108/64 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
957,583 |
|
May 1964 |
|
GB |
|
964,625 |
|
Jul 1964 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Zugel; Francis K.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. In a chair having a seat, a first pair of legs extending
downwardly from one side of the seat, a second pair of legs
extending downwardly from the other side of the seat, and ganger
means for detachably ganging one of said chairs to another, said
ganger means comprising:
a male ganging member attached to and extending between the front
and rear legs of said first pair;
a female ganging member attached to and extending between the front
and rear legs of said second pair;
said male and female ganging members each comprising a
substantially vertically oriented closed wire loop;
said male ganging member having front and rear end portions
respectively extending a substantial distance in front of and to
the rear of the respective front and rear legs of said first
pair;
said female ganging member having front and rear end portions
respectively extending a substantial distance in front of and to
the rear of the respective front and rear legs of the second pair;
and
the front and rear end portions of said male and female ganging
members having means defining a configuration enabling the end
portions of adjacent chairs to mate for retaining said adjacent
chairs in a ganged position.
2. A chair according to claim 1, wherein the front and rear end
portions of the male ganging member respectively engage the front
and rear end portions of the female ganging member of an adjacent
chair at a first area located forwardly of the front legs and at a
second area located rearwardly of the rear legs, the portions of
the male and female ganging members extending between the front and
rear legs being totally free of engagement with one another.
3. A chair according to claim 2, wherein said first area includes
two points of engagement which are located forwardly of said front
legs and are horizontally and vertically spaced from one another,
and wherein said second area includes two points of engagement
which are located rearwardly of said rear legs and are also
vertically and horizontally spaced from one another.
4. A chair according to claim 1, wherein the male ganging member
comprises a substantially rectangular loop disposed substantially
within a first vertical plane; and
said female ganging member comprising a substantially trapezoidal
loop having substantially parallel upper and lower horizontal
members disposed substantially within a second vertical plane, said
trapezoidal loop also including a pair of inclined intermediate
members extending between and fixedly connected to the adjacent
ends of said horizontally extending members, said intermediate
members converging relative to one another and being disposed
substantially within a third vertical plane which is laterally
offset from said second vertical plane.
5. A chair according to claim 4, wherein the female ganging member
includes short leg portions extending horizontally between and
connected to the ends of the upper horizontal member and the upper
ends of the inclined intermediate members, said short leg portions
being positioned over the upper horizontally extending member of
the male ganging member when a pair of adjacent chairs are ganged
together.
6. A chair according to claim 5, wherein the upper and lower
horizontally extending members of both the male and female ganging
members include means to slightly offset said male and female
ganging members from the pair of legs to which they are
respectively attached to thus facilitate stacking of chairs.
7. A chair according to claim 4, wherein each said inclined
intermediate portion of said female ganging member is substantially
parallel to and spaced outwardly from the adjacent chair leg to
which the female ganging member is attached, the inclined
intermediate portion of the female ganging member crossing the
vertically extending portion of a male ganging member intermediate
the upper and lower extremities thereof when mated therewith.
8. In a chair having a seat, a first pair of legs extending
downwardly from one side thereof, a second pair of legs extending
downwardly from the other side thereof, the front and rear legs of
each pair diverging downwardly, and ganging means for detachably
ganging one said chairs to an adjacent chair, said ganging means
comprising:
a male ganging section attached to the first pair of legs, the male
ganging section having front and rear portions respectively
extending a substantial distance in front of and to the rear of the
front and rear legs of said first pair;
said front end portion having a substantially inverted L-shaped
configuration and including a vertically extending rodlike portion
fixedly interconnected adjacent its lower end to the front leg of
said first pair at a first point thereon, said front end portion
also including a substantially horizontally extending rodlike
portion extending forwardly of said front leg and being fixedly
connected between said front leg and the upper end of said
vertically extending portion, said horizontal rodlike portion being
connected to said front leg at a second point spaced upwardly from
said first point;
said rear end portion of said male ganging section being
substantially identical to the front end portion thereof and being
fixedly secured to the rear leg of said first pair in a manner
substantially identical to the connection of the front end portion
to the front leg of said first pair;
a female ganging section attached to the legs of said second pair,
said female ganging section having front and rear end parts
respectively extending a substantial distance in front of and to
the rear of the respective front and rear legs of said second
pair;
said front end part having a substantially U-shaped configuration
and including an intermediate inclined portion spaced a substantial
distance forwardly of and outwardly of the front leg of said second
pair, said intermediate inclined portion extending in a direction
substantially parallel to said front leg, said front end part
further including upper and lower horizontal portions projecting
forwardly of the front leg of said second pair, the forward ends of
said upper and lower horizontal portions being fixedly connected to
the upper and lower ends of said intermediate inclined portion,
respectively, and the rearward ends of said upper and lower
horizontal portions being fixedly connected to said front leg at
third and fourth points with said third point being disposed above
said fourth point;
the rear end part of said female ganging member being substantially
identical to said front end part and projecting rearwardly of the
rear leg of said second pair and being fixedly connected to said
rear leg in a manner substantially identical to the connection of
said front end part to said front leg;
the front and rear end portions of the male ganging portion on one
chair being adapted to be received in and mate with the respective
front and rear end parts of a female ganging portion on an adjacent
chair for retaining said chairs in a ganged position, the front end
portion of the male ganging element engaging the front end part of
the female ganging portion at two spaced points located forwardly
of the front legs, and the rear end portion of the male ganging
element engaging the rear end part of the female ganging element at
two spaced points which are located rearwardly of the rear
legs.
9. A chair according to claim 8, wherein the male ganging portion
includes an elongated member extending horizontally between said
first pair of legs, said elongated member having the opposite ends
thereof fixedly connected to the upper ends of said front and rear
end portions of said male ganging section; and
said female ganging section including an elongated member extending
horizontally between the front and rear legs of said second pair,
said elongated member having the opposite ends thereof fixedly
connected to the front and rear end parts of said female ganging
section.
10. A chair according to claim 8, wherein said third point is
disposed at an elevation above said first point whereby the upper
horizontal portions of the front and rear end parts of said female
ganging portion overlie the horizontal portions of the front and
rear end portions of the male ganging portion when the male and
female ganging portions of adjacent chairs are mated.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention is in the furniture field relating to ganging and
stacking chairs, and is particularly directed to a new and improved
structure which enhances the ganging and stacking characteristics
of such chairs.
Ganging and stacking chairs as such are generally known to the art,
and ganging devices have been described in prior patents, for
example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,956,618 to C. Eames et al, U.S. Pat. No.
3,159,425 to C. J. Engstrom, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,084,977 to H. D.
Chapman. Each of these patents teaches a different structure for
ganging based upon different engaging concepts, reflecting a
continuing need to improve the effectiveness of such devices. The
Eames device is confined between the legs of the chair resulting in
high twisting movements upon the ganger when coupled chairs are
moved. Also, both the male and female sections of the ganger extend
out from the side of the chair where they present an obstacle to
passing traffic. These same shortcomings also appear in the
Engstrom and Chapman devices.
It is an objective of this invention to overcome the aforementioned
objections and shortcomings of prior ganging devices so as to
improve upon the ganging and stacking characteristics of such
chairs.
It is another objective of this invention to improve the stability
of a group of ganged chairs, particularly with respect to linear
alignment thereof.
It is a further objective of this invention to minimize the lateral
protrusion of the ganger from the side of the chair.
It is still a further objective of this invention to provide a
ganger which is more easily engaged and disengaged.
SUMMARY
Basically the invention comprises a chair having a rigid bucket
type seat and supporting legs therefore. The leg structure of the
chair projects laterally beyond the sides of the seat, and the legs
angle to the front and rear of the seat, so that when like chairs
of the invention are stacked, the legs of each chair in the stack
ride respectively upon the legs of the chair below. The ganger of
the invention is attached to the outside of the legs of the chair
and includes a male and female section attached on opposite sides.
Each of the ganger sections basically comprises a wire loop
oriented substantially vertically, and each has end portions which
extend, respectively, in front of and in back of their supporting
legs. The end portions of the female section are bent outwardly,
away from the side of the chair, to a position in which they extend
over and laterally around the end portions of a mating male ganger
section placed immediately adjacent thereto to bind the sections
together.
Principal among the many advantages of the invention is the
stability of a gang of its chairs. This is due primarily to the
nature of the ganger which provides two distinct widely spaced
apart areas of engagement, one in front of and one in back of the
legs. Furthermore, each of these areas has two points of
engagement, which points are vertically and horizontally offset
from each other so as to produce force couples which resist
twisting of the gang principally in the horizontal plane.
Further advantages of the ganger sections of the invention are that
they are substantially flat against the side legs of the chair and
so do not protrude nearly as far to the side as prior art gangers,
and they are more easily engaged than prior art gangers as will be
perceived from the following description.
Other objectives, advantages, and various further features of
novelty and invention will be pointed out or will occur to those
skilled in the art from a reading of the following specification in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a rear view of a gang of two chairs of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the ganger of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the ganger of the invention taken along
line III--III of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the ganger of the invention taken along
line IV--IV of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is an expanded top view of one end of the ganger of the
invention taken along line V--V of FIG. 3.
FIG. 6 is an end view of one end of the ganger of the invention
taken along line VI--VI of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a side elevation of a female section of the ganger of the
invention taken along line VII--VII of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a rear view of two chairs, 1 and 1A, of the invention in
the ganged position. A female section 2 of the ganger is attached
to the left legs 3 and 3A of chair 1, and a male section 4 of the
invention is attached to the right legs 5 and 5A of chair 1A. The
ganger is engaged by lowering female section 2 over the male
section 4. The nature of this engagement will be more clearly
understood from a reading of the following text.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the ganger of the invention showing
a female section 2 attached to the legs 3 and 3A of a chair to the
right, and a male ganger section 4 attached to the legs 5 and 5A of
a chair to the left. The male ganger section 4 is a rectangular
wire loop, here depicted in -4 gauge wire. The length of section 4
exceeds the spread of legs 3 and 3A, and overlaps the same so that
the ends thereof form ears 7 and 8 in front of and in back of legs
3A and 3, respectively.
In order to facilitate stacking of the chairs and engagement of the
ganger, the upper and lower parallel sides 9 and 10 of section 4
are bossed at their points of attachment to legs 5 and 5A.
Referring to FIG. 3, these bosses, 11, 12, 13 and 14, respectively,
move ears 7 and 8 approximately one-fourth inch away from the legs
of the chair, making it easier to slide the legs and feet of
another chair down over the legs of the chair below during the
stacking maneuver. Aside from these bosses, section 4 lies
substantially within a vertical plane parallel to the plane of legs
5 and 5A. Ears 7 and 8 are somewhat triangular in shape, which
results from the face that the legs of the chair attach close to
the extremities of bottom side 10 of section 4, at bosses 13 and
14, and angle upwardly and inwardly to bosses 11 and 12 on the
upper side 9 of section 4.
As seen in FIG. 7, female section 2 of the ganger is formed from a
trapezoidal wire loop having upper and lower parallel sides 20 and
21, which, like sides 9 and 10 of section 4, are also bossed at
their points of contact, 24, 25, 26 and 27, with legs 3 and 3A.
These bosses function identically with the aforementioned bosses on
section 4 to hold section 2 slightly out from the side of the chair
to facilitate stacking.
FIGS. 2, 5 and 7 best illustrate the shape of female element 2 and
its engagement of male element 4. The various bends in element 2
will be described, together with the manner in which they
contribute to its engagement of male section 4. As the engaging
ends 22 and 23 of female section 2 are symetric, a description of
end 22 will suffice.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 5, end 22 includes a horizontal arm 30
extending outwardly of boss 24 and bent away from leg 3A at an
acute angle. Arm 30 extends outwardly a distance slightly greater
than the diameter of the wire stock used to construct male section
4. At the outward extremity arm 30 bends down and proceeds in a
vertical plane parallel to leg 5A forming an outer engaging arm 31.
At point 32, arm 31 first bends fowardly and then inwardly and
proceeds inwardly forming a lower horizontal arm 33 which joins
lower parallel element 21 outwardly of leg 3A.
The net effect of the above structure of end 22 is to create a wire
retaining loop which extends across the top bar 9 of a male section
4 in close proximity thereto, thence forward and down across the
inside of ear 7, thence forward and around in front of vertical
element 15 of ear 7, bending essentially through 180.degree. in the
process, and retaining ear 7 from top, front and sides.
The ganger of the invention is engaged by sliding section 2
vertically down over section 4. (See FIG. 2.) As this is done, the
ears 7 and 8 of section 4 slide easily between the slanted vertical
arms 31 and 31A of section 2 and their associated chair legs 5A and
5. In this position with the ganged chairs at rest on a relatively
level floor, section 4 is securely engaged at its opposite ends by
female section 2. This engagement is unique in that each ear 7 and
8 is engaged at two points: upper point "A" where slanted arm 31
first crosses horizontal element 9 of ear 7 and point "B" where arm
31 crosses vertical element 15 of ear 7. Points "A" and "B" lie in
the same vertical plane, and are separated both horizontally and
vertically. This vertical separation stabilizes the gang by
negating any tendency of a chair to rotate about its longitudinal
axis when the gang is subjected to twisting forces in the
horizontal plane.
A more important feature of the ganger of the invention lies in the
fact that the forward and rearward areas of engagement of sections
2 and 4 are widely separated. The front area of engagement includes
contact points A and B, and the rear contact area includes contact
points A' and B', all of which points are respectively in front of
or in back of the legs of the chairs. This spread of the areas of
engagement of the ganger makes it more sensitive to forces tending
to rotate the chair about its vertical axis, without making the
chairs more difficult to assemble, thus tightening the gang and
giving it a more orderly appearance.
Section 4 is mounted approximately three-eighths of an inch lower
on the side of the chair than section 2, so that section 2 does not
rest vertically upon section 4, but in close proximity thereto.
FIG. 6 is an end view of a ganger of the invention in the engaged
position. The vertical orientation of arms 31 and 15 and their
contact points A and B is defined. As previously described, element
30 of section 2 extends out and over horizontal element 9 of
section 4, so that the engaging element 31 of section 2 falls
behind vertical arm 15 of section 4 affecting the engagement.
The ganger is easily engaged by merely lifting the side of the
chair with a female ganger section 2 only a few inches off the
floor, positioning section 2 generally over a mating section 4, and
dropping the chair to the floor. As the chair descends, section 2
of the ganger will engage section 4 as above described.
The ganger of the invention serves no vertical support function in
the stacking of the chairs, but functions as a spreader to
strengthen the legs and hold them in place under the pressure of
stacking, and to prevent sideward movement between stacked
chairs.
While the principles of the invention have been described in
connection with the above specific apparatus it is to be clearly
understood that this description is made only by way of example and
not as a limitation to the scope of the invention.
* * * * *