U.S. patent number 3,695,187 [Application Number 05/079,492] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-03 for adjustable pallet.
Invention is credited to LeRoy Weiss.
United States Patent |
3,695,187 |
Weiss |
October 3, 1972 |
ADJUSTABLE PALLET
Abstract
A dimensionally adjustable knockdown pallet for supporting
during transport and storage loads of various sizes that may be
strapped to the pallet. Two I-beam base members support at least
two load bearing deck sections positioned transversely on the
I-beam base members. Interlocking means is provided between each of
the I-beam base members and the ends of the load bearing deck
sections to detachably secure the ends of each of the deck sections
at any selected position along the length of the I-beam base
members, the position selected dependent upon the size of the load
to be placed on the pallet.
Inventors: |
Weiss; LeRoy (Pittsburgh,
PA) |
Family
ID: |
22150899 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/079,492 |
Filed: |
October 9, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
108/54.1;
108/55.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
19/0095 (20130101); B65D 2519/00323 (20130101); B65D
2519/00761 (20130101); B65D 2519/00024 (20130101); B65D
2519/00034 (20130101); B65D 2519/00069 (20130101); B65D
2519/00567 (20130101); B65D 2519/00293 (20130101); B65D
2519/00273 (20130101); B65D 2519/00333 (20130101); B65D
2519/00562 (20130101); B65D 2519/00059 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
19/28 (20060101); B65D 19/22 (20060101); B65d
019/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;108/51-58 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gay; Bobby R.
Assistant Examiner: Finch; Glenn O.
Claims
I claim:
1. A dimensionally adjustable knockdown pallet for supporting
during transport and storage loads of various sizes comprising a
pair of I-beam base members, a pair of load bearing deck sections
positioned transversely on said I-beam base members, each of said
deck sections comprising a plurality of deck plates, upwardly open
channel members secured underneath each deck section to hold said
deck plates in fixed relation, the end deck plates of said deck
sections overlying said I-beam base members with said channel
members aligned transversely relative to the longitudinal extent of
said I-beam base members, an upwardly open channel interlock member
slidably positioned in each of said upwardly open channel members
and adapted to be extended therefrom and engage the undersurface of
the upper structural flange of said I-beam base members to
detachably secure said deck section ends at any selected point
along the longitudinal extend of said I-beam base members.
2. The pallet of claim 1 characterized by at least one flange
member secured underneath said deck section ends in oppositely
opposed relation to a corresponding interlock member to embrace the
underside of the upper structural flange of said I-beam base
members, said flange members in opposed cooperative relationship
with said interlock members to detachably secure said deck sections
at any selected point along the longitudinal extent of said I-beam
base members.
3. The pallet of claim 1 characterized in that said channel members
and said interlock members are upwardly open V-shaped angular
sections.
4. The pallet of claim 1 characterized by additional deck plates
secured at the rearward extent of each of said interlock members
and engaged by the load to maintain said interlock members in
engaged position against said upper flange undersurfaces.
5. The pallet of claim 1 characterized by sloped flange I-beam base
members having structural flanges with an inclined surface sloping
toward the outer edges of said flanges, said interlock members
provided with an inclined surface at their forward extent to
cooperatively engage the inclined surface of said upper structural
flange inclined surface for interlocking wedged engagement
therewith.
6. The pallet of claim 1 characterized by at least two elongated
upwardly open channel members secured in spaced relation underneath
each of said deck sections.
7. The pallet of claim 1 characterized by rod interlock members
slidably positioned in each of said upwardly open channel members
in lieu of said channel interlock members and adapted to be
extended from said channel members and engage the undersurface of
the upper structural flange of said I-beam base members to
detachably secure said deck sections at any selected point along
the longitudinal extent of said I-beam base members.
8. The pallet of claim 1 characterized in that said end deck plates
of said deck sections are provided with a diagonal edge suitably
adapted to be aligned to tangentially match the outside dimension
of a cylindrical load for strapping the latter to said pallet.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to supports and is particularly
directed to the construction of a pallet used for supporting a load
during shipping or storage (Class 248, subclass 119) and capable of
being adjusted according to load size and conveniently collapsed
for shipment when not in use (Class 108, subclass 54 and 56).
One of the principal features that have been desired through the
years in a pallet for the purpose of supporting loads for shipment
or storage is that it be adjustable to accommodate different sizes
of loads so that the need for several different sizes of pallets
for such purposes be eliminated. At the same time, it has also been
desired to provide a pallet that is readily collapsible to provide
for minimal space in return shipment and subsequent useage.
Examples of such adjustable pallets are found in U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,739,776 (248-120); 2,377,911 (248-120); and 2,909,349 (248-120).
The adjustable pallets shown in these patents are adjustable to be
extended or retracted in a manner to accommodate various sizes of
loads to be supported thereon. However, no means is provided to
render them completely collapsible for return shipment in the sense
of being reduced to a size for convenient shipment other than the
minimum size adjustment that can be made by the pallet for purposes
of load carrying.
On the other hand, pallets have been constructed to be readily
collapsible into a dimensional size much smaller than their capable
load carrying size but not readily adjustable in length and width
to accommodate various load sizes. Examples of such pallets are to
be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,930,560 (248-120); 3,022,028 (248-23);
and 3,094,950 (108-56).
The art of pallet construction has succeeded to a point where
provision has been made for a pallet that is both dimensionally
adjustable and collapsible to a size smaller than its minimum
adjusted load carrying size but such pallets are provided with only
selectively fixed positioning in adjusting for load size in
combination with a complex structural device for purposes of
collapsing the pallet for return shipment making it inconvenient
for quick and efficient collapsing. As a result these pallets have
not withstood the test of commercial feasibility and success. Also,
the means used to provide for dimensional adjustment have readily
required repair service or subsequent use of a supplemental tool
because of the rough treatment received by pallets when placed in
use causing damage to the adjustment devices used in the pallet
construction. Examples of such pallets are U.S. Pat. No. 2,643,081
(248-120) and my own prior U.S. Pat. No. 2,405,535 (245-120).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The principal object of this invention is the provision of a pallet
which is dimensionally adjustable to any selected size within a
range of load sizes while at the same time can be readily knocked
down into various pieces for return shipment, the adjustment and
knockdown being accomplished with nothing more than possibly the
use of a tapping hammer.
The pallet is constructed so as to eliminate incremental
dimensional adjustment found in the prior art and provide a pallet
that is dimensionally adjustable to any and all load sizes within a
given range of load sizes. Also the pallet is constructed in a
manner to eliminate adjustment securing devices that easily become
broken or damaged due to rough treatment of the pallet during use
and provide a means for detatchably securing the various pieces
comprising the pallet unit which can readily withstand abusive
treatment without damage so that the pallet can be maintained in
service over a long period.
Another object of this invention is the provision of a pallet
comprising a minimum of pieces generally consisting of two I-beam
base members upon which load bearing deck sections are positioned
transversely on the I-beam base members. Interlocking means are
provided adjacent to the ends of each of the deck sections for
detachable securance to the I-beam base members.
Another object of this invention is the provision of interlocking
means in a pallet construction that permits the pallet to be
readily adjusted to carry a wide range of load sizes as well as to
be readily knocked down for return shipment. The locking means may
take the form of channel members secured to the undersurfaces of
the deck sections adjacent the ends thereof which are adapted to
receive interlock members, which when extended from the channel
members may be caused to engage by wedging action of the
undersurfaces of the upper structural flange of each of the I-beam
base members.
Included in the interlocking means is a flange member secured at
each end of the deck sections and in substantially opposite opposed
relation to each of the interlock members and adapted to engage the
upper structural flange of the I-base members, that is, the flange
position opposite to that position engaged by a corresponding
interlock member. Upon disengagement of the interlock members from
the undersurface of the flange, the deck sections may be removed
from the I-beam base members for storage during nonuse or return
shipment. The I-beam base members and deck sections comprising the
pallet of any complete unit are readily interchangeable with the
same pieces of another pallet unit so that it is not necessary
that, upon disassembling or collapsing for return shipment, the
same previously assembled pieces be retained together for latter
assembly.
Other objects and advantages appear hereinafter in the following
description and claims.
The accompanying drawings show, for the purpose of exemplification
without limiting the invention or the claims thereto, certain
practical embodiments illustrating the principles of this invention
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the assembled pallet comprising this
invention adjusted to support the load represented by the dotted
line.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation of the pallet of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the pallet of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view partly cut away showing a portion of
the preferred form of the interlocking means of the pallet
comprising this invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a modified form of the pallet comprising
this invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a portion of the interlocking means
taken along the line 6--6 in FIG. 5.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 through 3, the dimensionally adjustable
knockdown pallet 1 comprising this invention may be made of steel,
aluminum or high strength plastic material and comprises a pair of
identical I-beam base members 2 and 3 which consist of the web
portion 4 and the upper structural flange 5 and the lower
structural flange 6. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the structural
flanges 5 and 6 are provided with an incline sloping undersurface
as indicated at 7 which slope from the web 4 to the outer edges 8
of the structural flange. The structure of these I-beam base
members 2 and 3 are quite well known and are readily available from
the steel industry or could be produced by the plastic
industry.
The pallet 1 is provided with two deck sections 10 and 11 which are
substantially identical. Each of the load bearing deck sections 10
and 11 is provided with central deck plate 12 and end deck plates
13 and 14. Each of the deck plates 12, 13 and 14 are secured in
spaced relation as shown in FIG. 1 by means of the angle members 15
which are standard structural angles which are commonly found
produced both in steel and plastic. Two such angle members 15 are
provided for each deck section 10 and 11 and are secured to the
respective deck plates 12, 13 and 14 as indicated at 16. Any means
of attachment may be used, the most suitable means being by welding
at the points indicated at 16. Thus, the central deck plates 12 are
secured across the central portion of each of the pairs of angle
members 15 whereas the end plates 13 and 14 are secured to the ends
of the pairs of channel members.
The angle members 15 are general V-shaped configurations for
purposes of strength in connection with each deck section and also
for providing a channel which interlocking means in the form of the
interlock member 17 may be slidably positioned. The interlock
member 17 in each end of the angle members 15 are provided to
slidably move within the angle members 15 and to be extended
therefrom to engage the undersurface 7 of the I-beam base members 2
and 3. It should be noted that each of the interlock members 17 are
sufficient that they are incapable of being readily removed from
each of the channel members 16 due to the positioning of the end
deck plates 13 and 14 and the central deck plate 12 of each of the
deck sections 10 and 11. Thus, none of the interlock members 17
will be lost or misplaced from the deck sections 10 and 11 when the
pallet 1 is placed in use or collapsed for return shipment.
Each of the interlock members 17 is provided with a deck plate 18
near the rearward extent of each of the interlock members. The
purpose of this deck plate 18 is twofold. First, the deck plate 18
provides a means for readily extending each of the interlock
members 17 to engage the undersurface 7 of the respective I-beams 2
and 3. Also, the deck plate 18 is convenient for removing of each
of the interlock members 17 from disengaged position from the
undersurface 7 of the respective I-beam members 2 and 3. Thus, the
deck plates 18 may be lightly tapped by means of a hammer or other
such instruments for engagement and disengagement of the interlock
members from the I-beam base members 2 and 3.
Secondly, the deck plates 18 being of the same horizontal level as
all the other deck plates 12, 13 and 14, will receive the weight of
the load 20 as the other deck plate. With the weight of the load 20
on the interlock deck plate 18, further assurances are obtained
that the interlock members 17 remained in their engaged position on
the I-beam base members 2 and 3 when the load 20 is placed upon the
pallet 1 and strapped into position by means of, for example, the
metal strap shown in part at 21 in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the pallet 1 comprising extension is
highly suitable for cylindrically shaped loads of varying
diametrical width. Each of the end deck plates 13 and 14 are
diagonally shaped as indicated at 22 for the purposes of supporting
such type of loads as indicated at 20 such as steel or other such
coils. Also the edges 22 provide a convenient means for strapping
the load 20 to the pallet 1 by using the strapping 21. This
configuration of including edge 22 of the deck plates 13 and 14
aids in assuring a snug strapping engagement of the pallet with the
load 20, the strapping 21 being tangent with the load 20 as shown
in FIG. 1.
The interlock means of the pallet comprising this invention also
include the flange members 23, one of which is secured adjacent the
outer extremity of each of the end plates 13 and 14 as indicated in
FIG. 1 and 2. The flange members 23 are provided with an extended
portion 24 which has an innersloping surface 25 for the purpose of
slidably engaging the outwardly extended undersurface 7 of the
upper flange 5 of each of the I-beam base members 2 and 3. Upon
disengagement of all of the interlock members 17 from the I-beam
base members 2 and 3, the deck sections 10 can be easily shifted
relative to the I-beam members to readily disengage the extended
portion 24 from beneath the upper flange member 5 for complete
collapsing of the pallet. Upon complete disengagement of the
interlock members 17, the collapsed pallet will then consist of the
two deck sections 10 and the two I-beam base members 2 and 3 which
in their disassembled arrangement can be properly stacked for
return shipment for reuse as a pallet taking up a minimum space for
such return shipment.
Reference is made now to FIG. 3 wherein there is shown the ends of
the I-beam base members 2 and 3 may be cut preferably at a diagonal
indicated at 26 to prevent snagging of the pallet 1 when being
placed to maneuver on a work surface area such as in a warehouse or
on a truck or railroad car bed.
Referring now to FIG. 4 there is shown in perspective form the
arrangement of the channel members 15 and the interlock members 17.
The interlock member 17 are readily slidable in the channel member
15 as clearly indicated and are V-shaped in configuration to
provide for ease in operation of the interlock member 17 within the
channel member 17 as well as to give rigidity to the assembled deck
section 10. Also, the forward end of each of the interlock members
17 is provided with a incline surface 27 which corresponds to the
inclined surface 7 of the upper flange 5 of each of the I-beam base
members 2 and 3 for proper engagement therewith.
Also, it is within the concept of the present invention that the
interlock members 17 be of such light gauge metal in construction
that they are capable of slightly flexing upon being engaged
against the undersurface 7 of the I-beam base members in order to
create a condition of tension to insure that securance is
maintained by the interlock members 17, so positioned, while the
pallet is in use.
The pallet construction shown in FIGS. 1 through 4 is preferably
made of metal, particularly structural steel or aluminum alloy, in
order to insure its durability and long use over a longer period of
time than that capable of pallets presently being used such as the
conventional wooden pallets.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 5 and 6 where there is shown a
modified form of the pallet comprising this invention. The
principle of engagement and disengagement of the deck section of
this modified form is in principle, substantially similar to that
shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 through 4.
As shown in FIG. 5, the I-beam members 2 are the same as those
shown in FIG. 1 except that the longitudinal edges of the upper
flange are provided with the V-shaped recesses 28 for the
substantial length of each of the longitudinal edges 30 and 31 of
the upper flange 5. The deck sections 32 are shown in dotted line
configuration in order to show in clearer detail the structure of
the interlocking means generally indicated at 33.
The interlocking means 33 in each case generally comprises a
V-shaped channeled section 34 which is secured to the undersurface
of each of the deck sections 32 by any suitable means, such as,
welding.
The channel members 34 are secured to the underside of the deck
section 32 in a diagonal manner in order to fit squared in a
corresponding V-shaped recess 28 as shown in FIG. 5 as well as FIG.
6.
In order to interlock the deck section 32 to any selected of the
corresponding V-shaped recesses 28, the rod members 35 are utilized
in a manner that they are driven or extended forward under the
flange 5 as clearly shown in FIG. 6. Thus, the forward end of the
rod members 35 engage the undersurface 7 of the upper flange 5 of
each of the I-beam base members 2 and 3. In order to disengage the
deck sections 32 from the I-beam base members 2 and 3, each of the
rods 35 is withdrawn from under the upper flange 5 of the I-beam
base members in order that the deck sections can be readily removed
from the latter.
By providing a series of V-shaped recesses 28 along the edges 30
and 31 of the I-beam base members 2 and 3, each of the deck
sections 32 may be selectively positioned along the I-beam base
members, to position the deck sections relative one to another, in
a manner dependent upon the size of the load to be placed on the
pallet 29. From the foregoing, it is readily apparent that the
pallet comprising this invention is readily adjustable to any
selective size within a range of load sizes to provide a supporting
structure for supporting loads during storage or transport. By the
same token, the pallet can be readily knocked down in order to four
major sections, to wit, the I-beam base members and two deck
sections for purposes of return shipment, only requiring a minimum
of space requirement for such purposes. The pallet is so
constructed as to be variably adjustable within a range of load
sizes to any dimensional size imaginable.
* * * * *