U.S. patent number 3,694,961 [Application Number 05/026,240] was granted by the patent office on 1972-10-03 for modular window unit.
Invention is credited to Waldo O. Johnson.
United States Patent |
3,694,961 |
Johnson |
October 3, 1972 |
MODULAR WINDOW UNIT
Abstract
A modular window or window frame unit is provided from a wooden
frame including a pair of jambs, a sill and a header, a window is
operatively positioned in the frame, and a plurality of metal frame
extenders operatively engage each section of the wood frame on the
outer surface thereof, are of the same sectional shape, and are in
interlocking engagement with one of the frame members.
Inventors: |
Johnson; Waldo O. (Wooster,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
21830664 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/026,240 |
Filed: |
April 7, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
49/414; 49/505;
49/504; 52/213 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E06B
1/342 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E06B
1/34 (20060101); E06B 1/04 (20060101); E06b
001/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;49/504,505,404-428,483,488,489,161 ;52/213,217 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bell; J. Karl
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A modular window unit comprising
a frame made from a plurality of frame members including a pair of
jambs, a sill and a header,
a window operatively positioned in said frame, and
a plurality of metal frame extenders operatively engaging said
frame on the axially outer surface thereof and including a pair of
vertically positioned extenders, all of said extenders being of the
same shape and engaging one of said frame members, said vertical
extenders each having a flat laterally outer section flush with an
edge of one of said jambs.
2. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said frame extenders
each have a plurality of edge portions spaced depthwise of said
window from each other for engaging a nailing fin to adjust the
window in depth to that of an associated building, said edge
portions being positioned axially inwardly of said extender outer
sections.
3. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said frame extenders
each have an inclined flat surface on an axially and laterally
inner portion thereof, a sash is positioned in said frame and has a
surface laterally adjacent said extender inclined flat surface
complementary thereto, and resilient seal means are positioned
intermediate said last-named surfaces.
4. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said frame extenders
have a plurality of overhanging flanges in said outer section
spaced 1/4 inch part axially, and
a slide lock means of double h-shape in section can selectively
engage corresponding ones of said flanges of adjacent vertically
extending frame extenders of each of two adjacent modular units to
secure the two units together.
5. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said window comprises
a pair of double hung sashes and a top rail of an upper sash is of
the same shape as a lower rail of a lower sash, each of said rails
having a finger engaging groove on the inner surface thereof.
6. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said frame extenders
have a series of overhanging flanges extending axially of the
extenders on a laterally outer surface thereof, and
a slide lock means adapted to engage one of said flanges on a
vertically extending frame extender of each of two adjacent modular
units to secure the two units together by a concealed
interlock.
7. A modular window unit as in claim 1 where said frame extenders
have dovetail recesses at an axially inner end thereof, and
a foot portion of a sealing strip is engaged in said recess and
retained therein to thereby be operatively positioned when the
frame extender operatively engages the frame.
8. A modular window means comprising
a pair of window units each including a frame made from a plurality
of frame members including a pair of jambs, a sill and a
header,
a window operatively positioned in said frame, and
a plurality of metal frame extenders operatively engaging said
frame on the axially outer surface thereof and including a pair of
vertically positioned extenders, all of said extenders being of the
same shape and engaging one of said frame members, said vertical
extenders each having a flat laterally outer section having an
outer surface lying in a plane including an edge of one of said
jambs;
said frame extenders each having a plurality of contoured edge
portions extending axially of the extender spaced depthwise of said
window from each other and having laterally outer portions
terminating at least in said plane;
said pair of window units being positioned in side-by-side relation
with said outer sections of adjacent vertically positioned
extenders of the two units being abutted; and
a lock means slidably engaging one of said edge portions of each of
the two vertically positioned frame extenders of the two abutted
modular units to secure the two units together by a concealed
interlock.
9. A modular window means as in claim 8 where said edge portions
have a plurality of overhanging flanges in said outer section
spaced 1/4 inch apart axially, and
said lock means are of double h-shape in section to engage
corresponding ones of said flanges of said abutted frame extenders
of the two modular units to secure the two units together.
Description
The present invention relates to modular window or window frame
systems, and particularly to modular units that can be made in
quantity and be assembled in any desired numerical relationship
with each other or other similar window units to facilitate
assembly thereof in a building.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore there have been many types of windows provided, such as
double-hung windows, one movable window in a double hung assembly,
sliding windows, awning-type windows, casement windows, etc., and,
in most instances, all of such windows have been made in widely
varying sizes and design. Thus, there have been no real standards
in sizes of the windows and each window frame has normally been a
specially built unit made from frame members normally usable only
in the one type of a window frame. Because of the various types of
windows made and sold today and because of the different sizes
required therein, the window manufacturer has had to produce a
large number of various sizes of components for building window
frames so that a wide variety in shapes and sizes of wood or metal
members have been required to be stocked or built by the window
manufacturer in order to provide ultimate windows of the windows
and sizes of the types desired.
Yet a further problem in window installation in use is that the
wall thickness in different buildings varies in quarter inch steps
from 4 5/8 inches to 5 1/8 inches and this normally has required
the carpenter or other person installing a window to make
modifications in the window when installing it.
It also has been a problem to tie together multiple window units
when building a home or making other installations of the windows
whereby two or three or more window units can be combined with each
other in assembly in a building.
The general object of the present invention is to provide a novel
and improved modular window unit characterized by the use of a
plurality of common shapes of members used in forming the modular
window unit.
Another object of the invention is to reduce the number of sizes of
window units that are supplied by window manufacturers.
Other objects of the invention are to provide modular window units
so that they can be readily secured together in pairs or in other
numbers of units to facilitate installation thereof; to provide
attractive modular window units that are adjustable in depth so
that they can be adjusted to the thickness of a building for
installation therein; to provide a window unit that can be
installed in a building with reduced installation labor; to provide
modular window frames or units wherein the mounting means for
securing the windows in the frame can be that conventionally used
for any given window and which means can readily be mounted in the
modular frame; to provide modular window units in standard sizes to
reduce inventory costs and the number of windows required for
inventory purposes; to provide a modular window unit which has a
common metal extender member secured to and engaged with all four
sides of a window frame; and to use the metal extender to aid in
sealing the windows in the frame.
The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the invention
will be more apparent as the specification proceeds.
Attention now is particularly directed to the accompanying
drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary horizontal section of a double hung modular
window frame unit of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section of the double hung window
of FIG. 1 with portions thereof broken away and removed;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section through one side portion
of the modular window unit mounting an awning window therein;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section of one side of a modular
window unit of the invention positioning a casement window
therein;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section of the upper end of the
modular window unit positioning a casement window;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary horizontal section through two abutted
modular window units secured together in accordance with the
invention;
FIG. 7 is an elevation of a typical modular window unit of the
invention;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section of a further modified
embodiment of the invention showing a double hung window; and
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary horizontal section through a modified
double hung window of the invention.
When referring to corresponding members shown in the drawing and
referred to in the specification, corresponding numerals are used
to facilitate comparison therebetween.
INVENTIVE SUBJECT MATTER
A modular window unit is provided and comprises a wooden frame made
from a plurality of wooden sections or members including a pair of
jambs, a sill and a header, one or more windows operatively
positioned in the wooden frame, and a plurality of metal frame
extenders individually operatively engaging one member of said
wooden frame on the outer surface thereof with all of said
extenders being of the same sectional shape and interlocking with
one of the associated wooden frame members.
Attention is now directed particularly to the details of the
structure shown in the accompanying drawings, and FIG. 7 shows a
modular window unit of the invention of which is indicated as a
whole by the numeral 10. Any suitable windows indicated as W are
provided in or carried by this modular window unit 10.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show the modular window unit 10 of FIG. 7 having
double hung windows provided therein and wherein the modular unit
10 is positioned in a building 12. The modular unit 10 has a wooden
frame that includes a pair of jambs 14 on the vertically extending
sides of the frame, a header 16 and usually a wooden sill. However,
for this frame, a special sill, for example a metal sill plate 19
is provided and is partly positioned on an inside stool 21. These
jambs 14, header 16, and sill plate 19, or similar member, when
used are suitably secured together to form a rectangular unit and
it is a feature of the invention that an individual metal frame
extender indicated as a whole by the numeral 20 as associated with
and operatively engages each of the members of the wooden frame
provided for the modular unit 10. FIG. 1 shows an extender 20a
engaged with a side jamb 14 by means of a flange 22 that extends
laterally outwardly from an axially inner, reduced thickness
portion of the extender 20a being received in a vertically
extending slot 24 formed in a laterally inner surface of the jamb
14 of the modular window unit. A similar extender 20b engages with
the header 16 as shown in FIG. 2, while a third extender 20c is
shown engaging a flanged outer end 19a of the sill plate 19. The
outer end 19a may be interlocked with the extender 20c. FIG. 7 best
shows that the adjacent ends of the various metal extenders 20 used
in the modular unit of the invention are provided with mitered ends
that cooperate with the wooden frame to form an axially outwardly
protruding rectangular frame extension or outer frame means in the
window unit.
In the particular structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a double hung
window is provided and thus upper and lower sashes 26 and 28 are
shown slidably engaged with means such as a jamb liner 30 that is
adjustably engaged with the side jamb 14. The window sashes are
slidably positioned in the window frame unit by conventional means
such as the structures shown in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,461,608, or
similar or equivalent positioning assemblies, may be used to
position the sashes.
The metal frame extenders 20 preferably are made as metal
extrusions and can be made from any conventional material such as
aluminum and their external configuration, when operatively
assembled, is designed to provide an attractive finished contour on
the window unit of the invention. These metal extenders are
provided with hollow centers, and a flat laterally outer section 32
is formed on the axially outer portion of each of the extenders 20
with such flat outer section 32 lying in a plane with the laterally
outer surface of the jamb 14, as indicated in FIG. 1. Axially
inwardly of these flat outer sections 32, a plurality of
overhanging flanges 34, 36 and 38 are provided in axially spaced
relationship to each other and with the laterally outer portions of
the flanges lying in a common plane with the flat outer sections 32
of the extenders.
As a feature of the unit, these overhanging flanges 34, 36 and 38
provide special sections or portions in the metal extenders for
adjusting the depth of the modular window frame unit 10 in relation
to the building in which it is to be positioned. The metal
extenders 20 have a continuous wall 40 at the base of the
overhanging flanges 34, 36 and 38 whereby space is defined by these
flanges for slidably engaging an edge portion of a nailing fin, or
a wind break device 42. This nailing fin 42 has a generally h-shape
section so that an end 44 thereof, which is contoured to be snugly
and slidably received within the enclosure formed by the wall 40
and the associated flanges, can be used to lock the nailing fin in
engagement with a metal extender. The nailing fin protrudes
laterally from the extender to lie flush against the outer surface
of a wall 43 of the building with which the modular unit is
assembled. These nailing fins 42 can be made from any desired
material, either plastic or metal, and the flanges 34, 36 and 38
define compartments for the end 44 of the nailing fin which are
spaced 1/4 inch from each other whereby the modular unit can adjust
to a standard variation in wall thickness normally encountered in
buildings. It will be seen that the nailing fin 42 likewise will
bridge any gap between the laterally outer surface of the jamb 14
and the associated building to form an air tight connection
therebetween.
FIG. 2 of the drawings shows that the sill plate 19 is inclined and
operatively engages the inside stool 21 by a flange and slot
connection 46. The outwardly inclined sill plate and inside stool
form a neat closed position for the lower sash 28.
FIG. 1 of the drawings shows that any conventional stop or guide 48
is secured to the jamb 14 to finish the mounting means for the
sashes 26 and 28, and it also will be seen that the axially inner
end of the jamb 14 terminates flush with the inner surface of the
wall of the building 12 whereby no finishing action is required on
the axially inner edge or margin of the jamb 14. In most window
units as made heretofore, the carpenter or other person installing
a window unit has had to do finishing operations on the axially
inner edge of a window frame jamb when positioning it in a
building. This is avoided by use of the window unit of the
invention.
FIG. 3 of the drawing shows a fragmentary section of another
modular unit of the invention wherein the modular unit itself is of
the same construction and made from the same members as the unit 10
referred to hereinbefore but wherein in this instance, an awning
type of a window 50 is positioned in the modular unit and where a
wood sill is provided. It should be noted that at the laterally and
axially inner surface of the frame extenders 120, an inclined
surface or section 52 is provided on the extenders, and, in an
awning type of a window assembly, a suitable conventional plastic
seal 54 is resiliently received between the slanted laterally outer
margin of the awning window 50 and the associated section 52 of the
frame extender to provide an air tight engagement between the
extender 120 and the window when closed. Any desired known type of
hinge means indicated at 56 are received between a suitable stop or
guide 58 and an axially inner portion of the window. FIG. 3 of the
drawings further shows the various dimensional adjustments possible
in the modular unit by the dimensions indicated at a, b, c in the
drawing dependent upon where a nailing fin 42a engages in the
associated frame extender 120.
The section 52 of the extender 120, as with all of the frame
extenders, has a dove tail shaped slot or recess 59 formed therein
with which one end portion of the seal 54 engages and interlocks
with an end flange 61 to be held in position against an edge of the
guide 58 for operative positioning of this seal 54.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show fragmentary sections of the modular unit of the
invention adapted to position a casement window therein and the
operative and positioning means (not shown) provided for a casement
window are of a conventional nature. However, again the modular
unit, as in FIG. 3, has been modified internally only slightly for
positioning a casement window therein. To this end, a guide or stop
60 is provided in association with a jamb 14b for use in the
positioning a window sash 62 in the window, while an auxiliary top
header strip 64 and a stop 65 are secured to the header 16b in the
modular window frame. Seal means 66 the same as the seal 54 are
likewise secured to and positioned by extenders 130 in this modular
unit for effective resilient positioning of the seal strip or means
in operative association with the casement window for ready opening
and closing thereof and forming of an air tight window
assembly.
FIG. 6 of the drawings shows yet a further feature of the present
invention in that jambs 14c and 14d of two adjacent modular units
of the invention can be positioned in adjacent or abutted
relationship so that two of the units would be laterally associated
with each other and could be assembled as a pair in a building
unit, if desired. Thus, the extenders 20d and 20e of the two
modular units can be abutted with the flat sections 32a thereof
contacting each other as shown in the drawing. Hence, the flanges
34a, 36a and 38a, corresponding to the flanges 34, 36 and 38, are
in alignment with each other whereby a double h-shaped lock strip
70 can be used to secure a pair of such modular units together.
This lock strip 70 can be made from extruded metal, or a hard
surface plastic material such as a vinyl resin and the lock strip
assembly has two end portions 72 and 74 connected together by a
thin connecting section 76. Each of these end sections 72 and 74 is
adapted to engage, slidably, one of the metal extenders adjacent
one of the flanges provided therein and with the connecting section
76 extending between the two metal extenders so that the modular
units are readily and fixedly secured together. This assembly can
be made directly on the job before installation of a window unit in
a building. Obviously, the modular units of the invention can be
used to secure any desired types of windows together where a
plurality of windows are to be assembled in laterally offset, or in
vertically offset relationship in a building.
The overhanging flanges 34, 36 and 38 or equivalents provided on
the metal extenders are removed for a short distance adjacent each
end of the metal extenders to facilitate slidably inserting one of
the nailing fins 42 into engagement with an extender to position
the nailing fin in the assembly, or to slide one of the lock strips
70 into engagement between two of the modular units.
It will be realized that picture window assemblies can likewise be
made wherein the jambs thereof can be made corresponding to those
of the modular unit 10 and have a frame extender 20 secured thereto
whereby flankers or side windows or any desired type can be readily
engaged with a picture window, or a vertically positioned
horizontally sliding window or other main central window.
It should be noted that in forming the modular units 10 of the
invention, substantially all, if not all of the jambs, headers and
sills used are formed to the same width in rough shape and then
when such members are finished, some of the details of these
members can be varied, but yet appreciable simplification of
manufacturing procedures, stock sizes required, etc., have been
made.
Furthermore, the use of common metal extenders 20 in forming the
metal outer frame in the unit, as shown in FIG. 7, further
simplifies stocking sizes and varieties down to a minimum.
When assembling two of the modular window units as shown in FIG. 6,
the axially outer ends thereof are tightly secured together by the
securing means 70, whereas the axially inner ends of these window
frames can be secured together by tie-in nails, brackets, plates or
the like, as desired, and this aids in forming a good bond between
the two modular units.
FIG. 2 of the drawings shows, for example, that modified nailing
fins 142 may be provided, particularly to cover the head portion or
top extender strip in the modular window frame. These nailing fins
142 have a horizontally extending leg 143 thereon that overlies the
flat section 32 provided in the metal extenders and aids in
providing a smooth, attractive water and air-tight finish on the
outer portion of the window unit.
In making up the modular windows and window frame units of the
invention, it is not difficult to cut or rout out portions of the
periphery of the side jambs, for example, of the frames, for
special purposes. Reference is made to FIG. 8 where a modified
modular unit 140 is shown and it in general is made in the same
manner and from the same parts as the modular unit 10 referred to
hereinbefore including extenders 20f. However, in this instance, a
top header 16c has a slot or groove 141 which inclines axially
outwardly and upwardly of the window frame and is adapted to
receive the correspondingly slanted edge or upper edge surface of
the upper rail 144 of an upper window provided in this window
assembly. FIG. 8 also shows that a lower rail 145 of a lower sash
assembly is shaped correspondingly to the rail 144 so that these
members in the double hung window assembly are also
interchangeable. A metal sill plate 146 is provided in the assembly
shown in FIG. 8. No guide or top header strip is required separate
from the header 16c as shown.
FIG. 9 shows another modification of the invention wherein a side
jamb 14c is shown and in this instance, it has a slot or recess 147
milled or cut therein for receiving any suitable mounting means 148
for a lower sash 149 provided in this embodiment of the invention.
This avoids the use of any stops or guide strips in the window
frame and facilitate positioning of the double hung sashes.
The extenders 20f shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 engage with the jambs or
header in the manner generally as described hereinbefore and the
common shape of the extender is still available for use in forming
the units shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
It further should be noted that when the same wood shape is used to
form the lower sash rail in the lower window of a double hung unit
and the upper sash rail of the upper window in the double hung
unit, even further savings are provided, part stocking is reduced,
etc.
The modular units of the invention preferably are made in various
heights, such as 4 inch size variations, and in standard widths or
in 4 inch variations thereof, as desired. The units include common
shapes of wooden frame means and metal extenders all made of a
common extrusion shape. Hence, modular units can be supplied from
the factory complete with windows therein, and the dealer or
distributor or installer can assemble several of such units to each
other or to a picture window when installing the units. The factory
thus has furnished and/or made many fewer different pieces to form
the units than with previous styles of windows. Furthermore,
installation of the window units is greatly simplified. Hence, the
objects of the invention have been achieved.
While several complete embodiments of the invention have been
disclosed herein, it will be appreciated that modification of these
particular embodiments of the invention may be resorted to without
departing from the scope of the invention.
* * * * *