U.S. patent number 3,693,978 [Application Number 04/876,489] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-26 for symmetrical golf club head with center of gravity coincident with geometric center.
Invention is credited to Victor East.
United States Patent |
3,693,978 |
East |
September 26, 1972 |
SYMMETRICAL GOLF CLUB HEAD WITH CENTER OF GRAVITY COINCIDENT WITH
GEOMETRIC CENTER
Abstract
A wood type gold club in which the head is comprised of a
molded, high impact, plastic material of uniform density and is
homogenous throughout, both as regards density and weight, embodies
similarly lofted front and rear faces, has its geometric center
coinciding with its center of gravity, is symmetrical with respect
to a vertical plane passing centrally and longitudinally
therethrough and also through the axis of the shaft, and is so
constructed, dimensioned, shaped and proportioned that when the
club is supported in pendulum fashion from the proximate end of the
club shaft, the plumb line axis passes through the common or
coincident geometric center and center of gravity of the head.
Inventors: |
East; Victor (Evanston,
IL) |
Family
ID: |
25367833 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/876,489 |
Filed: |
November 13, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
473/314 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
53/0466 (20130101); A63B 60/00 (20151001); A63B
53/04 (20130101); A63B 53/0462 (20200801); A63B
53/0433 (20200801) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20060101); A63b 053/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;273/77R,80,80.2-80.8,163,167-175 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
386,269 |
|
Jan 1933 |
|
GB |
|
16,148 |
|
1892 |
|
GB |
|
231,053 |
|
Mar 1925 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Oechsle; Aton O.
Assistant Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Claims
Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire
to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. As a new article of manufacture, a golf club comprising a
straight, normally upstanding shaft having an upper proximate end
and a lower distal end, and a symmetrical, horizontally elongated
"wood" type head at the distal end of the shaft, said head being
formed throughout of molded, high impact, plastic material of
uniform density and embodying toe and heel portions at its opposite
ends, a substantially flat bottom face, and an integrally formed,
upwardly and outwardly extending hosel on its heel portion, said
shaft having the distal end thereof connected to said hosel and
being disposed in coaxial relation with the latter, said head also
embodying a substantially flat and lofted front striking face and a
substantially flat rear face with a loft the same as the loft of
the front striking face, said front and rear faces being
symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane passing centrally and
longitudinally through the head and the common axes of said shaft
and hosel, and, in addition, being each spaced equidistantly from
said plane throughout its entire length, said head being designed
so that its geometric center and its center of gravity are
coincident and lie in the aforementioned plane, said golf club as a
whole being constructed, dimensioned, shaped and proportioned so
that when it is freely suspended from the upper proximate end of
the shaft a plumb line axis passing through the point of suspension
will intersect said coincident geometric center and center of
gravity of the head.
2. A golf club according to claim 1 and having, additionally, a
sole plate positioned and secured in a correspondingly shaped
recess in said bottom face of the head, embodying a generally
hourglass shape, having end portions of exactly the same shape and
size, and positioned so that its end portions lie on opposite sides
of said plane to the end that the sole plate is symmetrical with
respect to the plane.
3. A golf club according to claim 1 and wherein the lofted front
striking face of the head has in the central portion thereof a
restricted area which is formed by a series of spaced apart
vertical grooves and also a series of spaced apart horizontal
grooves arranged in intersecting relation with the vertical grooves
and forming therewith a checkerboard pattern, said checkerboard
pattern being symmetrically arranged with respect to the coincident
geometric center and center of gravity of the head.
Description
The present invention relates generally to golf clubs and has
particular reference to a "wood" type (driver, brassie, spoon,
etc.) golf club in which the club head is molded from a uniform
density, molded, high impact, plastic material, the club head per
se having novel symmetrical dimensional characteristics, and the
golf club in its entirety being balanced in a particular manner so
as to impart thereto inherent performance attributes which hitherto
have not been attained with conventional or previously designed
"wood" type golf clubs.
Insofar as the use of a non-organic, high-impact plastic material
for the body of the golf club head is concerned, it has been found
that organic material such as wood, even when the best grade is
employed, will vary in its characteristics over a period of time.
The center of gravity of the club head may shift slightly, either
with aging or with temperature differentials. Changes in density
also may occur especially if the club head is exposed to moisture
over a relatively short period of time, such, for example, as when
the club is used in heavy dew or on wet turf. Splitting and surface
defects are also known to occur due to repeated impact blows. By
the use of a uniform density, high impact, plastic resin such as
moldable polystyrene or other suitable plastic material, these
difficulties are obviated.
Insofar as the use of a symmetrical golf club head is concerned,
this feature insures that with the normal aim and swing of an
experienced golfer, the point of ball impact will lie at a point on
the club face where there will be no unbalanced reaction forces on
either side of such points, either outwardly or inwardly
thereof.
Insofar as golf club balance is concerned, according to the present
invention, the club shaft and the club head are so designed and
related to each other than when the club is supported in pendulum
fashion from the proximate or upper end of the shaft, the plumb
line axis resulting therefrom passes through the common geometric
center and the center of gravity of the club head. By such an
arrangement, when this feature is embodied in any given set of
"wood" type golf clubs having substantially or approximately equal
shaft lengths, there will be no deviation in the point of ball
impact with the face of the clubs when such clubs are used by the
same player with the same proper aim and swing.
The provision of a golf club such as has been briefly outlined
above and possessing the stated advantages constitutes the
principal object of the invention.
Other objects and advantages of the invention, not at this time
enumerated, will become readily apparent as the nature of the
invention is better understood from a consideration of the
following detailed description.
The invention consists in the several novel features which are
hereinafter set forth and are more particularly defined by claims
at the conclusion hereof.
In the accompanying single sheet of drawings forming a part of this
specification one illustrative embodiment of the invention is
shown.
In these drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the head of a golf club
embodying the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the golf club head of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the golf club head of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the golf club head of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an end view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 looking in
the direction of the toe portion of the club;
FIG. 6 is an opposite end view of the golf club head of FIG. 1
looking in the direction of the heel portion of the club;
FIG. 7 is a reduced vertical transverse sectional view taken on the
line 7--7 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a top view view of a complete golf club embodying the
head of FIG. 1 and showing the same in a pendulum-balanced
position;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the balanced golf club of FIG. 8; and
FIG. 10 is a rear view of the golf club head of FIG. 3.
Referring now to the drawings in detail and in particular to FIGS.
8 and 9, a "wood" type golf club embodying the present invention is
designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 10 and is
comprised of a horizontally elongated head 12, a shaft 14, and an
elongated straight hosel 16. The hosel is formed integrally with
the heel portion of the head 12 and as clearly shown in FIG. 3 of
the drawings, it extends upwards and outwards therefrom at an angle
of approximately 60.degree. with respect to the horizontal when the
head 12 is soled as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10 of the
drawings. It is upwardly tapered and has an axially extending
socket or bore (not shown) for snugly receiving the lower distal
end of the shaft 14. The head is formed of a suitable high impact,
uniform density, molded plastic material such as polystyrene, or
other similar materials having suitable hardness and toughness
sufficient to withstand the impact of a golf club when striking the
same, as well as having a desirable infinitesimal degree of
elasticity. It is contemplated that the head will be solid
throughout its mass and of uniform density throughout. As best
illustrated in FIGS. 2, 4 and 7, the head 12 is for all intents and
purposes symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane passing
centrally and longitudinally therethrough and also through the axes
of the shaft 14 and the hosel 16 and, in addition, is provided with
a substantially flat conditioned striking face 18 at the front
thereof and a substantially flat non-conditioned rear face. The
head 12 is further formed with a rounded toe 20, a substantially
flat or planar bottom face 22, a rounded or convexly curved, heel
24, and a substantially flat top face 25, The shaft 14 and the
hosel 16 are coaxial and the lower or distal end of the shaft is
surrounded by a protective sleeve 26 which surmounts and forms an
upper continuation of the hosel 16. As best shown in FIGS. 2, 5, 6
and 7, the substantially flat striking face 18 and the
non-conditioned rear face 19 are each spaced equidistantly
throughout its length from the aforementioned imaginary vertical
plane which passes centrally and longitudinally through the head
and also the common axes of the shaft 14 and the hosel 16. The sole
or bottom surface face 22 is recessed to accommodate a metallic
sole plate 30. The latter is generally hourglass-shaped in profile
and is fixedly and removably held in position within the recess by
screws 32 (see FIG. 4). As illustrated in FIG. 4, the sole plate
30, like the head 12, is symmetrical with respect to a vertical
plane passing centrally and longitudinally through the head 12 and
also through the axes of the shaft 14 and the hosel 16. In other
words, the two end portions of the sole plate are exactly the same
in size, shape and thickness and the narrow central portion of the
sole plate is disposed in intersecting relation with the aforesaid
imaginary plane.
The front striking face 18 of the head 12 is provided with friction
or ball-spinning striations or other surface interruptions, the
illustrated interruptions being in the form of a series of equally
spaced apart, vertical grooves 34 and a series of equally spaced
apart horizontal grooves 36 in intersecting relation with the
vertical grooves, the checkerboard intersection of such grooves
representing the striking area of the front striking face as shown
in FIG. 9 of the drawings, the area which is formed by the
intersecting vertical and horizontal grooves is located in the
central portion of the lofted front striking face 18 of the club
head 12 and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the
hereinafter mentioned coincident geometric center and center of
gravity of the club head 12. The angle or slope of the striking
face 18 with respect to the sole or bottom face 22 of the head 12
may vary according to the desired loft, but in any event, the
slopes or lofts of the front striking face 18 and the
non-conditioned rear face 19 are exactly the same. If the head is
to be used by a left-handed player, the striking face 18 and the
non-conditioned rear face 19 will be reversed.
As best seen in FIG. 1, the over-all shape of the head proper is of
bulbous design and of such a character that the planes of the faces
18 and 19 intersect the generally rounded body of the head and
thereby assume a generally triangular outline with rounded corners,
the bottom corner presenting a radius of curvature which is
appreciably greater than the radii of curvature. The neck 26 is
generally of frusto-conical shape and tapers smoothly upwardly into
the outline of the hosel 16, the latter smoothly tapering into the
cylindrical outline of the shaft 14.
The shaft may be of any conventional design, and in the illustrated
form of shaft 14, it is provided at its upper end with the usual
hand grip 40 which is coaxial with respect to the remainder of the
shaft and the details of which may vary widely and form no part of
the present invention.
Because of the fact that the head 12 of the golf club 10 is solid,
is symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane passing centrally
and longitudinally through the head also through the axes of the
shaft 14 and the hosel 16, and is of uniform density throughout,
the geometric center of the club head and the center of gravity of
the head are coincident. Additionally, because FIG. 7 is a
sectional view which is taken transversely through the head 12 on a
vertical plane that intersects this common or coincident geometric
center and center of gravity, this center becomes exposed and it is
possible to designate the same by a point which is appropriately
labelled in this view or figure of the drawings.
According to the present invention, the golf club 10 as a whole is
so constructed, dimensioned, shaped and proportioned that when the
club is freely suspended as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9 from the
upper or proximate end of the shaft 14, an imaginary plumb line
axis such as is schematically shown by a dotted line and labelled
as such, passes through the aforementioned common or coincident
geometric center and center of gravity of the head. In FIG. 8 where
the golf club is viewed from the top, the plumb line axis visibly
intersects said common geometric center and center of gravity of
the head. Also in FIG. 9 where the golf club is viewed from the
side, the plumb line axis also visibly intersects said common
centers.
From a mathematical and physical point of view, it is obvious that
by varying the length of the shaft 14 with the size, shape and mass
of the club head 12 remaining the same, slight deviations of the
plumb line axis from said common geometric center and center of
gravity of the club head 12 will take place. However, such
deviations are practically negligible when the variations in shaft
length fall within conventional golf club shaft lengths. To effect
an appreciable deviation of the plumb line axis in such a manner as
to defeat the intent of the present invention, the shaft would have
to be shortened to no less than one-half of the length of the
shortest practical shaft length, or lengthened to many times such a
practical shaft length.
Because of the aforesaid symmetrical arrangement of the present
golf club head, and particularly because of the fact that a plumb
line axis will pass through the common or coincident geometric
center and the center of gravity of the golf club head 12, an
additional test for accurate club symmetry and balance is available
and is predicated upon ballistic principles. This test consists in
suspending the balanced club of the present invention by a string
of predetermined length and torsion resistance from the exact
center of the upper end of the shaft 14, and similarly suspending a
non-balanced or conventional club from a second string of the same
length and torsion resistance. Thereafter, both clubs are rotated
in the same direction a large number of equal turns until both
strings are under high torsion. The two clubs are then released
simultaneously and allowed to "spin out." Due to the unbalanced
condition of the non-balanced or conventional club, eccentric
forces are set up during the spin-out operation and since there are
no unbalanced forces in connection with the balanced club of the
present invention, obviously the rate of string "unwind" will be
greater where the latter club is concerned. At the precise moment
that the balanced club begins to reverse its direction of rotation
due to a reverse wind occasioned by club mass momentum, it will be
found that the unbalanced club is either still unwinding or has
entered into its period of rewind.
With a golf club such as that which is illustrated and described
herein, a properly aimed and executed stroke of the golf club 10
will invariably result in the ball being struck at the optimum
point of impact on the used lofted striking face 18 where there
will be no unbalanced reaction forces tending to turn the club to
one side or the other and thereby, as a consequence, the full force
of the impact will be applied to producing straight-forward ball
velocity in flight. By changing the slope or loft of the front
striking face 18 and the non-conditioned rear face 19, a different
kind of "wood" type golf club will be produced without any
variation in the normal swing of the club and the player is not
required to change or adjust his or her swing. With the present
particular constriction of the golf club, the user will be induced
to hit the ball on that portion of the striking face that gives
maximum or best results namely, the restricted area which is formed
by the intersecting vertical and horizontal grooves 34 and 36.
* * * * *