U.S. patent number 3,691,646 [Application Number 05/108,830] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-19 for hair dryer.
Invention is credited to Hector Michael Ruffolo.
United States Patent |
3,691,646 |
Ruffolo |
September 19, 1972 |
HAIR DRYER
Abstract
A chair-type hair dryer wherein the flow of drying air is
conducted through a system of obliquely directed passageways in a
liner shell mounted within a drying helmet. The passageways are
oriented to direct the drying air through the user's hair in a
direction following the contour of the head toward the rear portion
of the head and away from the face. Means are provided for
selectively diverting a controllable portion of the drying air
through a plurality of apertures in the back of the chair and
against the user's back and shoulders providing a soothing and
relaxing effect.
Inventors: |
Ruffolo; Hector Michael
(Saratoga, CA) |
Family
ID: |
22324290 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/108,830 |
Filed: |
January 22, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
34/90; D28/10;
34/99 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D
20/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A45D
20/00 (20060101); A45D 20/26 (20060101); F26b
019/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;34/90,99 ;98/2.03 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Dority, Jr.; Carroll B.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A chair-type hair dryer comprising a chair and a drying helmet
mounted on said chair, a source of drying air, and air discharge
means distributed throughout the front portion of said helmet for
directing substantially all of said drying air in a streamline
manner toward the rear portion thereof through the user's hair in a
controlled airstream directed tangentially along the contour of the
head toward the rear portion thereof and away from the face.
2. A hair dryer as recited in claim 1 further comprising means for
selectively diverting a controllable portion of said drying air
through said chair against the user's back and shoulders.
3. A hair dryer as recited in claim 2 wherein said airflow
diverting means comprises said chair being provided with a
plurality of air vents formed in the surface thereof which support
the user's back and shoulders and means for selectively diverting a
controllable portion of said drying air through said air vents.
4. A hair dryer as recited in claim 1 wherein said
drying helmet is shaped to conform to the user's hair line, said
helmet having the form of a substantially spherical shell with the
frontal and bottom portions removed to receive the user's head
through the front thereof and to allow the user's face and forehead
to be exposed, and having elongate side and rear portions to cover
the lower rear portion of the user's head and neck;
said air discharge means includes a perforate liner shell removably
mounted within said helmet and having substantially the same shape
as said helmet and being spaced inwardly therefrom to define a
chamber therebetween, said liner further having a plurality of
passageways extending therethrough, a number of said passageways
being oriented with their axes obliquely inclined to the surface of
said liner and being collectively arranged to direct air introduced
into said chamber tangentially along the contour of the user's head
and through the user's hair in a direction toward the back of the
head and away from the face; and
air distribution means for introducing drying air into said
chamber.
5. A hair dryer as recited in claim 4 wherein said means for
introducing drying air into said chamber comprises a central air
duct connected at its lower end to said source of drying air and
communicating at its upper end with the rear portion of said
chamber and at least two side ducts connected at one end to said
main duct and terminating at the other end at a position near the
front portion of said chamber on either side of said helmet.
6. A hair dryer as recited in claim 5 wherein said central air duct
is provided with a necked restriction at its upper end, whereby the
flow of air through said side ducts is equalized with that issuing
from said central duct at the rear of said chamber.
7. A hair drying device comprising:
a. a chair for supporting a subject whose hair is to be dried, said
chair having a plurality of apertures formed in the surface thereof
which support the subject's back and shoulders;
b. a drying helmet mounted on said chair and shaped to conform to
the subject's hairline, said helmet comprising a substantially
spherical shell having the frontal and bottom portions removed to
receive the subject's head directly through the front thereof and
to allow the subject's face and forehead to be exposed, and having
elongate side and rear portions to cover the lower rear portion of
the subject's head and the neck;
c. a perforate liner shell defining a hair drying cavity and being
removably mounted within said helmet and having substantially the
same shape as said helmet and being spaced inwardly therefrom to
define a chamber therebetween, said liner further having a
plurality of passageways extending therethrough at the front and
rear with substantially all of said passageways at the front having
an axis obliquely inclined to the surface of said liner and being
collectively arranged to direct air introduced into said chamber in
a streamline airflow toward the rear portion of said cavity and
tangentially along the subject's head and through the subject's
hair in a direction toward the back of the subject's head and away
from the face; and
d. air distribution means for introducing drying air into said
chamber including means for selectively diverting a controllable
portion of said drying air through the apertures in the back of
said chair.
8. A hair dryer as recited in claim 7 wherein said means for
introducing drying air into said chamber comprises a central air
duct connected at its lower end to said source of drying air and
communicating at its upper end with the rear portion of said
chamber and at least two side ducts connected at one end to said
main duct and terminating at the other end at a position near the
front portion of said chamber on either side of said helmet.
9. A hair dryer as recited in claim 8 wherein said central air duct
is provided with a necked restriction at its upper end, whereby the
flow of air through said side ducts is equalized with that issuing
from said central duct at the rear of said chamber.
10. In a salon-type hair dryer having a chair for supporting a
subject whose hair is to be dried and a drying hood mounted above
the chair for receiving the subject's head the improvement
comprising the combination of
a. a perforate liner shell defining a hair drying cavity and being
removably mounted within said hood and being spaced inwardly
therefrom to define a chamber therebetween, said liner further
having a plurality of passageways extending therethrough at the
front and rear with substantially all of said passageways at the
front having an axis obliquely inclined to the surface of said
liner and being collectively arranged to direct air introduced into
said chamber in a streamline airflow toward the rear portion of
said cavity and tangentially along the subject's head and through
the subject's hair in a direction toward the back of the subject's
head and away from the face; and
b. air distribution means for introducing drying air into said
chamber including means for diverting a controllable portion of
said drying air through a plurality of apertures formed in the
surface of said chair which supports the subject's back and
shoulders.
11. A hair dryer as recited in claim 10 wherein said means for
introducing drying air into said chamber comprises a central air
duct connected at its lower end to said source of drying air and
communicating at its upper end with the rear portion of said
chamber and at least two side ducts connected at one end to said
main duct and terminating at the other end at a position near the
front portion of said chamber on either side of said helmet.
12. A hair dryer as recited in claim 11 wherein said central air
duct is provided with a necked restriction at its upper end,
whereby the flow of air through said side ducts is equalized with
that issuing from said central duct at the rear of said
chamber.
13. A perforate liner shell defining a hair drying cavity for
mounting within a hair drying hood and being so formed as to
conform to a user's hairline and cover a user's head of hair, said
liner having a plurality of passageways extending therethrough at
the front and rear with substantially all of said passageways at
the front having an axis obliquely inclined to the surface of said
liner shell and being collectively arranged to direct drying air
introduced under pressure at the exterior surface thereof into said
cavity in a streamline airflow toward the rear portion through the
user's hair in a direction following the contour of the head and
toward the back of the head and away from the face.
14. A salon-type hair dryer comprising:
a. a chair for supporting a subject whose hair is to be dried;
b. a drying helmet mounted on said chair and shaped to conform to
the subject's hairline, said helmet comprising a substantially
spherical shell having the frontal and bottom portions removed to
receive the subject's head directly through the front thereof and
to allow the subject's face and forehead to be exposed, and having
elongate side and rear portions to cover the lower rear portion of
the subject's head and the neck;
c. a perforate liner shell defining a hair drying cavity and being
removably mounted within said helmet and having substantially the
same shape as said helmet and being spaced inwardly therefrom to
define a chamber therebetween, said liner further having a
plurality of passageways extending therethrough with substantially
all of the passageways at the frontal portion of said liner shell
being disposed with their axes obliquely inclined to said liner
shell so as to direct air introduced into said chamber in a
streamline airflow toward the rear portion of said cavity and
tangentially along the top and sides of subject's head toward the
rear portion thereof and away from the face; and
d. air distribution means for introducing drying air into said
chamber.
Description
The present invention relates generally to chair-type hair drying
devices commonly found in women's hair treatment salons, and is
more particularly directed to a hair dryer structure which achieves
increased drying effectiveness while at the same time provides
added comfort and relaxation for the user.
In conventional salon-type hair drying machines, the flow of heated
drying air is directed through a number of holes in a drying hood
and impinges against the hair at an angle substantially normal to
the surface of the head. This has the effect not only of creating
an uneven and turbulent flow of drying air but also unnecessarily
heating the user's scalp with a consequent feeling of discomfort.
Further, such conventional drying hoods cover most or all of the
user's forehead producing added discomfort in this area due to the
amount of heat unnecessarily introduced at a location where no
drying is required.
In addition, with conventional drying hoods a steady stream of
heated air flows out the front of the hood and across the user's
face. This is not only annoying and uncomfortable but tends to
unduly dry the skin in these areas.
According to the present invention, the incoming flow of drying air
is conducted through a plurality of diagonally directed passageways
in a liner shell mounted within a drying hood. These passageways
are uniformly distributed over the liner shell and are so formed
that the angle of impingement of drying air on the user's head
creates a tangential airflow following the contour of the head and
being directed at all points toward the center rear portion of the
head. This directional airflow has the effect of increasing the
drying rate since the air flows through the hair along a controlled
path and not directly at the head as with conventional designs.
Additionally, in the case of those passageways located near the
user's face and forehead, the rearward directed airflow eliminates
any undesirable forward flow of drying air downward across the
user's face. This latter result makes possible a helmet-shaped hood
design which more closely conforms to the user's hairline and
allows easier entry and withdrawal of the head.
Since the problem of hot air escaping from the upper frontal area
of the hood has been eliminated by the liner shell design the
helmet of the present invention need not extend downward over the
forehead to confine heated air within it. This allows easier entry
and withdrawal of the user's head since she merely seats herself on
the dryer chair and slides directly back into position rather than
having to more up into the hood from underneath as with prior art
devices. The improved hood design also includes downwardly
extending side portions and an elongated rear section which covers
the lower part of the back of the user's head and her neck, an area
heretofore inadequately treated by conventional designs. The drying
air introduced at these points has a tendency to rise into the
upper portions of the helmet aiding in the overall directional
circulation of air produced by the angularly oriented passageways
in the liner shell.
The helmet is provided with an air distribution system which
introduces drying air into the chamber formed between the helmet
and liner shell both at the back of the helmet and on both sides
thereof at the front. This air duct system is so designed that the
air flow is substantially equalized throughout the chamber
resulting in an even and uniform distribution of air through the
various passageways regardless of their position within the
helmet.
A further feature of the present invention is the provision of a
number of air vents in the chairback area which supports the user's
back and shoulders, and means for selectively diverting a
controllable portion of the heated air flowing toward the helmet
into a cavity in the chair back. This back and shoulder warmer
provides a soothing and relaxing effect and is especially
therapeutic in the case of tight muscles, stiff neck or sore back.
This chairback airflow can be adjusted or eliminated by the user
from a control located on the arm of the chair.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present
invention will be more readily apparent upon reading the following
detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a principal embodiment of
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a pictorial representation of a hair drying hood
according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a prior art liner shell taken
along a substantially horizontal plane;
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the liner shell of the present
invention taken along a substantially horizontal plane;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the hair dryer of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rear of the hair
dryer shown in FIG. 5, with the drying helmet in a raised
position.
Referring now to the drawings in which like numerals in the
different views refer to the same element, there is provided a
chair-type or salon hair drying device 10 having a chair 12 which
supports a person whose hair is to be dried in a variety of
adjustable positions from full upright to semi-reclining. Mounted
on chair 12 and positioned above it is drying helmet 14. Hollow
mounting column 16 is affixed to the back of the chair and allows
vertical movement of helmet 14 with respect to the chair so as to
comfortably accommodate subjects of varying body proportions and
height. The drying helmet 14 is provided with a downwardly
extending rear section 14a which rides over and is guided by
mounting column 16. A set screw 17 is provided to fix the vertical
position of the helmet on mounting column 16.
Chair 12 is formed with an interior back wall 18 and an exterior
back wall 20 which are spaced apart to define a cavity or chamber
22 within the chair back. Interior back wall 18 is provided with a
number of vent holes 24 located in the area thereof which contacts
the subject's back and shoulders. Chair 12 is also provided with
two arm sections 26 on which are located the various controls
referred to hereinafter.
Mounted on the exterior back wall 20 of chair 12 is an air
conditioning unit 28 of conventional design which generates a
supply of heated air to be used in drying the subect's hair. The
output of air conditioning unit 28 is connected to the lower end of
hollow mounting column 16 the interior of which comprises an air
intake duct 30. The upper end of air duct 30 is connected to the
helmet air distribution system to be described.
Helmet 14 is roughly spherical in shape with the front and bottom
portions removed to receive the subject's head and neck directly
through the front of the helmet. Because of considerations to be
more fully discussed below, a helmet design is possible which
closely follows the user's hairline and thus the helmet presents an
overall appearance similar to a football helmet with the subject's
face and forehead fully exposed. In addition, the elongated
downwardly extending rear section 14a of the helmet covers the
lower part of the rear of the subject's head and her neck.
The helmet design of the present invention is to be contrasted with
prior art drying hoods as represented by that shown in FIG. 2. It
can be seen from the drawing that such conventional drying hoods in
operation extend downwardly over the subject's forehead to a
greater extent than does the helmet of the present invention. In
addition, conventional drying hoods do not satisfactorily cover the
lower rear portion of the head and the neck and consequently drying
takes longer in these areas.
A perforate liner shell 32 is removably mounted within the helmet
as by screws or other conventional fastening means. Liner shell 32
is of the same general shape as the interior of helmet 14 but of
smaller size so that a chamber 34 is formed between the two. This
chamber serves as an air manifold for the helmet air distribution
system, which will now be described.
Liner shell 32 is provided with a number of passageways 33 which
extend through the shell. These passageways are directed diagonally
through the liner with respect to a line normal to the liner
interior surface and the direction of the various passageways over
the surface of the liner shell is varied in such a manner that the
air entering the drying cavity 36 formed by the liner interior
surface is at all points directed toward the upper rear portion of
the cavity. This creates a tangential or laminar air flow which
follows the contour of the subject's head. The drying air flows
through the subject's hair and along the head rather than impinging
directly against the head as with conventional designs.
This important difference between the present invention and the
prior art can be more readily understood by referring to FIGS. 3
and 4. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional hood liner
taken along a horizontal plane and FIG. 4 is a similar view of the
liner shell of the present invention.
The directionally controlled airflow has the effect of maximizing
drying effectiveness and reducing discomfort to the user.
Additionally, in the case of those passageways located near the
user's face and forehead, the rearward directed airflow eliminates
any undesirable forward flow of drying air downward across the
user's face, which in turn makes possible the improved helmet
design of the present invention.
An air distribution system is mounted within helmet 14 in the
chamber 34 formed between the inner surface of helmet 14 and the
outer surface of liner shell 32. This system includes central air
conduit 38 communicating with intake air duct 30 at the bottom of
the helmet rear section 14a. Conduit 38 terminates at its upper end
at the upper rear portion of the helmet chamber 34 in a discharge
orifice 44. Two side conduits 40 branch from central conduit 38 at
point 42 just below orifice 44. These side conduits 40 are directed
along the sides of chamber 34 and have their discharge orifices 46
located at the front portion of chamber 34. This design is intended
to overcome the problem recognized by the prior art that if a
single air discharge is provided at the rear of the helmet the
force of the airflow through the liner 32 will diminish in a
direction towards the front of the drying cavity 36. The air
distribution system of the present invention tends to substantially
equalize the airflow at all points within chamber 34 by introducing
drying air simultaneously at the front and back of the chamber. The
uniform flow is further aided by forming a necked restriction 48 on
central conduit 38 at its discharge end to create sufficient back
pressure to equalize the airflow through the various conduit
branches.
The hair drying apparatus of the present invention is provided with
a means of selectively diverting a controllable portion of the
heated air flowing into helmet 14 and directing this air through
the vents 24 in the chair back 18 so as to produce a relaxing and
therapeutic effect on the subject.
An aperture 50 is provided in mounting column 16 in the surface
thereof which contacts the chair back exterior wall 20. Contiguous
to aperture 50 is a corresponding aperture 52 in chair-back
exterior wall 20. Apertures 50 and 52 are in registration with one
another so that air can flow from air duct 30 to chair back cavity
22. A sliding gate 54 is guided by tracks 56 so that it can be
interposed between aperture 50 and aperture 52 thereby cutting off
part or all of the airflow from air duct 30 into chair back cavity
22.
Gate 54 is operably connected to control 58 positioned on the arm
of chair 12 through control cable 60. By means of control 58, a
desired portion of drying air flowing through air duct 30 can be
diverted into the chair back cavity 22, through vents 24 and
against the user's back and shoulders providing a soothing and
relaxing effect.
Chair 12 is also provided with control 62 which permits the user to
adjust the chair in any one of a range of positions from fully
upright to semi-reclining. Other features such as a lower back
massaging unit or helmet stereo headphones can be included for
added comfort and relaxation and the additional controls located on
the chair arms.
Various other modifications of the embodiments shown and described
are contemplated and will be apparent to those skilled in the art
as not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
as hereinafter defined by the appended claims.
* * * * *