U.S. patent number 3,691,600 [Application Number 05/096,833] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-19 for method of finishing of greige woven fabrics.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Cluett, Peabody & Co., Inc.. Invention is credited to Herman J. Joy.
United States Patent |
3,691,600 |
Joy |
September 19, 1972 |
METHOD OF FINISHING OF GREIGE WOVEN FABRICS
Abstract
This invention pertains to an improved method and apparatus for
finishing greige goods in a single processing range. The invention
is applicable particularly to the finishing of high-shrinkage
fabrics such as denim. The apparatus of the invention includes the
following combination of devices for sequentially processing the
fabric: a padder for impregnating the fabric with a desired liquid
finishing preparation; a scray for collecting and storing
temporarily the fabric when it is discharged from the padder; a
free-rolling heated can assembly for partially drying the fabric
received from the scray, and having control rollers at its input
and output sides for controlling the tension of the fabric as it is
advanced through the can assembly; a first compressive-preshrinkage
unit for preshrinking the fabric an amount equal to about one half
of its total potential-shrinkage characteristic; a driven second
heated can assembly for further drying the fabric; a second
compressive preshrinkage unit for shrinking the fabric a final
amount to comply with predetermined standards, such as, established
Sanforized label standards and a driven third can assembly for
fully drying the fabric for discharge to a storage facility.
Inventors: |
Joy; Herman J. (Latham,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Cluett, Peabody & Co., Inc.
(Troy, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
22259304 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/096,833 |
Filed: |
December 10, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
26/18.6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06C
21/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06C
21/00 (20060101); D06c 021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;26/18.5,18.6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mackey; Robert R.
Claims
I claim:
1. A method for finishing and preshrinking a woven griege fabric
having a high potential-shrinkage characteristic in a single
processing range, the method comprising the sequential steps
of:
impregnating a fabric with a finishing liquid to establish an
initial moisture content in the fabric,
temporarily storing the fabric in a relaxed state by collecting it
in a scray and retaining it therein for a duration of approximately
three to four minutes,
partially drying the fabric to remove all but approximately 30
percent of said initial moisture content,
compressively preshrinking the fabric to remove approximately one
half of its potential-shrinkage characteristic,
partially drying the fabric a second time to remove all but
approximately 12 percent of said moisture content,
compressively preshrinking the fabric a second time to remove a
predetermined amount of the remainder of the potential-shrinkage
characteristic thereof, and
fully drying the fabric.
2. A method for finishing and preshrinking fabric as set forth in
claim 1, further comprising the step of subjecting the fabric to a
longitudinal tension while the fabric is in the first partial
drying step for establishing a desired width of the fabric.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore greige goods, such as denim, have been processed in two
processing ranges with the first range including a padder for
applying a liquid finishing preparation to the fabric (to impart
desired "handle" qualities thereto) followed by at least four
heated can assemblies for drying the fabric and the second range
including conventional compressive-preshrinkage apparatus for
reducing the shrinkage potential of the fabric to a desired level.
Thus, two separate drying facilities have been required, together
with operators for both processing ranges. Denim fabrics, delivered
from the first range, have a potential shrinkage of approximately
12 1/2 percent to 16 1/2 percent which must be removed all at one
time in the second range. Difficulties are encountered in such
conventional processing in that the removal of potential shrinkage
may be inconsistent, unless the processing is controlled to a high
degree, and in that the removal of such a high potential shrinkage
in a single step results in possible "creep out" or elongation of
the fabric amounting to at least 2 percent during its subsequent
handling. For instance, in the conventional processing of denim,
high lengthwise tension must be applied to provide the denim with
its desired width, and this high lengthwise tension interferes with
accurate preshrinking of the fabric thereby resulting in potential
wash shrinkage. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to
provide means for processing high-shrinkage fabrics so that their
post-processing tendency toward elongation can be reduced
significantly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention, there is disclosed herein a
method and apparatus for finishing and preshrinking a
high-shrinkage fabric in a single processing range. The apparatus
includes a padder for receiving the high-shrinkage fabric (which
may be delivered from a loom) and for impregnating the fabric with
a finishing liquid which imparts desired "handle" qualities to the
fabric. A scray is provided following the padder for accumulating
the fabric in folds or pleats, so that the wet fabric can begin to
relax in length while disposed therein. The fabric withdrawn from
the scray is passed through control rollers, and then through a
heated can assembly comprising a plurality of free-rolling cans
wherein approximately 70 percent of the moisture is removed from
the fabric. The control rollers at the input to the heated cans
combine with rollers at the output thereof for controlling tension
on the fabric as it is drawn through the heated can assembly,
whereby a desired width of the fabric can be achieved as the fabric
is drawn over the cans. The fabric is next advanced through a
compressive-preshrinkage unit in which about one half of the
potential shrinkage of the fabric is accomplished, whereupon the
fabric is advanced through a second heated can assembly comprising
a plurality of driven cans which reduce the moisture of the fabric
to approximately 12 percent. The fabric is further advanced through
a second compressive-preshrinkage unit wherein the remaining amount
of potential shrinkage is accomplished, and the fabric is then
passed through a final heated can assembly for complete drying,
whereupon it is deposited in a storage receptacle or passed
otherwise for additional processing and/or conversion.
Monitoring devices are provided at the input and output of the two
compressive-preshrinkage units for indicating the percent of
shrinkage of the material so that the compressive-preshrinkage
units can be maintained in desired adjustment.
DRAWING
The accompanying drawing illustrates one embodiment of the
invention and shows a single processing range for finishing and
preshrinking a high-shrinkage fabric.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A preferred method practiced in accordance with the present
invention comprises the steps of impregnating a high-shrinkage
fabric with a finishing liquid by advancing the fabric through a
padder, collecting the wet fabric in a scray and storing it therein
for several minutes, partially drying the impregnated fabric by
passing it through a heated can assembly to remove about 70 percent
of its moisture content, compressively preshrinking the partially
dried fabric to remove approximately one half of its potential
shrinkage characteristic, further drying the partially preshrunk
fabric so that only about 12 percent of the moisture remains
therein, compressively preshrinking the fabric a second time to its
final preshrunk condition and completely drying the preshrunk
fabric by passing it through a third heated can assembly. In the
preferred method, the fabric is subjected to a tension as it passes
through the first heated can assembly so that the width of the
fabric can be adjusted to its desired dimension.
A preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, as
illustrated in the drawing, can be used for performing the
above-described method, and includes a padder 10 having a tank 12
containing a finishing liquid, and having a plurality of rollers 14
for controlling the passage of a fabric 16 drawn into the padder
over an input roller 18. After the fabric is advanced through the
tank 12 and over the rollers 14, it passes through a pair of
squeeze rollers 20 at the output of the padder, and then through a
dance-roller assembly 22, and a pair of drive rollers 24, to a
scray 26. The scray causes the fabric 16 to assume a folded or
pleated configuration and the fabric accumulated in the scray in
this manner is disposed in a relaxed state wherein it begins to
shrink or relax in length and width. Preferably, the scray has a
capacity to hold at least 300 to 400 yards of the fabric 16 (and
assuming that the speed of the fabric as it is drawn through the
processing range is less than 100 yards per minute) the fabric will
continue to relax in length within the scray for a period of at
least 3 to 4 minutes. After this relaxing period, the fabric is
drawn out of the scray 26 by a pair of drive rollers 28 which pull
the fabric through a pair of tensioning rollers 30, and through a
heated can assembly 32 comprising a stack of free-rolling heated
cans for partially drying the fabric 16, so that only about 30
percent of the moisture remains in the fabric when it is delivered
from the heated can assembly 32. The rollers 28 and 30 are
adjustable to control the tension of the fabric as it is drawn
through the can assembly 32, thus reducing accurately the width of
the fabric to its desired dimensions as it passes over the
cans.
The fabric 16, as it is withdrawn from the can assembly 32 by the
rollers 30, is advanced through a second dance roller assembly 34
whereupon the fabric is received by a compressive-preshrinkage unit
38. The compressive-preshrinkage unit 38 is adjusted to
compressively preshrink the fabric to remove approximately one half
of its potential-preshrinkage characteristic. In the case of denim,
the shrinkage unit 38 is adjusted to preshrink the material
approximately 8.5 percent, thus establishing the remaining
potential-shrinkage characteristic of the denim at approximately
5.5 to 8.5 percent. A second heated can assembly 40, comprising a
plurality of driven cans, receives the denim delivered from the
compressive-preshrinkage unit 38, and the rotational speed of the
cans in the assembly 40 controls the amount of shrinkage imparted
to the fabric by the compressive-preshrinkage unit 38 in a manner
similar to a conventional felt belt dryer in a conventional system.
The percent preshrinkage of the material as it passes to the driven
can assembly 40 is monitored by an indicating device 36, so that
the process can be controlled accurately. Desirably, the fabric
delivered by the driven can assembly 40 has a moisture content of
about 12 percent and such fabric is coupled through a third dance
roller assembly 42 to a second compressive-preshrinkage unit 44,
and then to a third heated can assembly 46 comprising a plurality
of driven cans having the same function as the can assembly 40
insofar as it controls the rate at which the fabric 16 is drawn
through the second compressive-preshrinkage unit 44. In this second
compressive-preshrinkage unit 44, the remainder of the
potential-shrinkage characteristic is removed from the fabric so
that the fabric will comply, for example, with established
Sanforized label standards. Thus, the second
compressive-preshrinkage unit need remove only 5.5 to 8.5 percent
of the potential shrinkage of the fabric, as compared with the
prior-art system which had to remove 12 to 16 percent shrinkage at
this point. Accordingly the problem of "creep out," elongation of
the fabric during subsequent handling thereof, is minimized because
the fabric does not undergo an extremely high
compressive-preshrinkage process in either of the
compressive-preshrinkage units 40 or 44.
Again, the fabric 16 is monitored at the input and output of the
second compressive-preshrinkage unit 44, and the percent of
shrinkage is indicated on an indicating device 48 which is
identical to the device 36 associated with the first preshrinkage
unit 38. All of the remaining moisture is removed from the fabric
in the driven can assembly 46, and the fabric is withdrawn
therefrom by a dance-roll assembly 50 and a plurality of cloth
reels 52 for reception in a truck or receptacle 54, or is otherwise
transported for further processing and/or converting. Drive rollers
56 and 58 advance the fabric continuously as a substantially
endless web.
Thus, it can be seen that in the present method and apparatus, the
fabric is subjected to a plurality of preshrinkage processes from
the time it is first impregnated with the finishing liquid by the
padder 10 to the time it is withdrawn from the driven can assembly
46. Furthermore, it is also seen that the fabric is only subjected
to a single wetting procedure, and that the finishing and
preshrinking processes are all accomplished in a single processing
range, thereby reducing labor costs, processing time, and
investment in equipment. Furthermore, it is found that high
shrinkage fabrics, processed in accordance with the method and
apparatus disclosed herein, have a reduced tendency to undergo
elongation during subsequent handling, and that such elongation can
be held to a maximum of one-half percent.
Should operating conditions change the potential-shrinkage
characteristic from that expected, such change can be adjusted
responsive to speed differential between the fabric as it enters
the padder 10 and as it exits the third can assembly 46.
It will be understood by those familiar with processing of fabrics
that wide deviations may be made from the preferred embodiment
disclosed herein without departing from the main theme of invention
set forth in the following claims. For example, the dance roller
assembly 22, the drive rollers 24, the scray 26 and the tensioning
rollers 30 could be eliminated with the fabric 16 delivered
directly from the padder 10 to the can assembly 32. The last three
cans of the assembly 32 could be driven, whereby the drive rollers
28 could be eliminated. The last three driven cans of the assembly
32 would create tension needed between the padder 10 and the
compressive-shrinkage unit 38 to reduce fabric width to a desired
dimension prior to entry of the fabric 16 into the
compressive-shrinkage unit 38. Economies in the disclosed controls
are also envisioned.
* * * * *