U.S. patent number 3,691,327 [Application Number 05/136,499] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-12 for circuit-closing adapter.
Invention is credited to Abraham Chesler, 59 Hanse Ave..
United States Patent |
3,691,327 |
|
September 12, 1972 |
CIRCUIT-CLOSING ADAPTER
Abstract
A circuit-closing adapter is provided with a continuous contact
extending beyond one end of the adapter body and with a two-part
contact, one part of which extends beyond said body, said
contact-extensions being adapted for insertion into an electrical
receptacle, said parts of the latter contact being normally spaced
apart. A dielectric member is removably affixed to the body, the
same both physically and electrically connecting the opposite ends
of the contacts to the respective prongs of an electric plug that
is attached to a machine or appliance. Key-operated lock means to
move one of the parts of the two-part contact into direct
electrical contact with the other end of said parts and to retain
such contact while the key remains in the lock, is provided. Upon
removal of the key from the lock, the moved contact part is
released so the same may resume its spaced position, thereby
opening the operative circuit between the electrical receptacle and
the machine or appliance. The adapter is provided with means to
receive a third wire prong provided on the plug to enable grounding
the ground line of a three-wire system.
Inventors: |
Abraham Chesler, 59 Hanse Ave.
(Freeport, NY 11520) |
Family
ID: |
22473112 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/136,499 |
Filed: |
April 22, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/43.02;
200/51.12; 200/43.08; 439/346 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
27/06 (20130101); H01R 31/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
31/00 (20060101); H01H 27/06 (20060101); H01H
27/00 (20060101); H01h 027/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;339/65,66,278,241,147
;200/42,44,51 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Herman J. Hohauser
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hyman Jackman
Claims
Having thus described the invention, what is claimed and desired to
be
1. Circuit closing means comprising the combination with the prongs
of an electric plug that is attached to a machine which is rendered
operative by electric current received by said prongs of: an
adapter provided with a pair of electric contacts, one of which is
continuous and the other comprises two normally spaced parts, means
connecting said pair of contacts, respectively, to said prongs of
the electric plug and retaining the respective connected contacts
and prongs electrically spaced, the other ends of said pair of
contacts extending from the adapter for separable connection with
the receptacle of a current-conducting line, and key-operated means
to engage and move only one of the two normally spaced contact
parts into direct and resilient electrical engagement with the
other of said parts, to thereby electrically connect said line and
the
2. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 1 in which
one end of one part of the two-part electric contact is in
overlapping relation to the other part, and the key-operated means
engages and moves one of said
3. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 2 in which
the adapter is provided with a spring element to bias said one part
of the two-part electric contact into the mentioned spaced
relationship to the
4. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 1: a
dielectric body housing said pair of contacts with the
receptacle-engaging ends extending therebeyond, and the mentioned
means that connects the contacts and the plug prongs comprising a
dielectric pin transversely extending across the dielectric
5. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 4 in which
the body, at one end of said pin, is provided with a destructible
and, thereby, removable plug that, when removed, exposes one end of
said pin for removal,thereby enabling the electric plug to be
separated from the
6. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 5 in which
the pair of electric contacts and the prongs of the electric plug
are provided with aligned holes, and the mentioned dielectric pin
extends through said holes
7. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 1 in which
the key-operated means comprises: a cylinder lock, the key-turned
plug of which is provided with an eccentric cam, and a dielectric
member engaged with said cam and movable thereby to effect
engagement with and movement of the normally spaced contact part
into
8. The circuit-closing combination according to claim 7 in which
the dielectric member comprises a slide that has a bevel end that
wedges the contact part it engages into engagement with the other
contact part.
Description
is primarily devised for the safe operation of machine tools such
as drill presses, saws, etc. in home work ships, or in places where
such machines may be available for unauthorized use, as by
children.
following U.S. Pat. Nos. Williams 1,143,676 Ronneberger 1,684,148
Yates 2,217,585 Sepulveda 2,777,023 Wintriss 2,846,530
The above art teaches that circuit closers for purposes of safety
are known. Special devices that replace the common plug ordinarily
provided on the end of the cord, attached to a machine, appliance
or other such device, also, appear to be old, as is the broad
concept of key-locking such devices to prevent unauthorized control
of such devices.
Of the art above listed, only the patent to Wintress requires
discussion. This patent requires the use of a three-element element
contact consisting of a prong 17, a contact 35, and a conductor
element 33, the latter being part of the key 45. There is no lock,
as such. This prior organization of elements greatly differs from
that of the present device because any similarly shaped metal
object, or even a piece of wire may be inserted in the keyhole 40,
can be substituted for the key 45 to effect closing of the circuit.
Moreover, the engagement between prong 17 and the contact 35 is not
a direct one but rather depends on the bridging element 33.
Further, the plug 10 cannot be separated from plug 15 without
destroying the latter and, perhaps, also requiring replacement of
plug 10.
A circuit-closing adapter having a dielectric body with a
continuous contact and a parallel contact comprising two
normally-spaced sections, said contacts having end prongs extending
beyond one end of the body for electrical engagement with the
conductors of an electric socket or receptacle, key-operated means
to move one of said contact sections into electrical engagement
with the other section so that current in said socket or receptacle
is conducted through the parallel contacts to the two prongs of a
plug, respectively engaged with said parallel contact when the key
is turned in one direction and remains so turned, thereby providing
operating current for a machine or appliance to which said plug is
attached. Upon turning the key in the opposite direction, the moved
contact section returns to its normal spaced, current-opening
position. Then, the key may be extracted from the lock, thereby
preventing the machine from being operated due to an open circuit
in the adapter. The adapter and the plug are connected to prevent
their separation. Such separation may occur only when a
difficult-to-remove dielectric pin, which connects the parallel
contacts and the plug prongs, is removed from the body, thus
enabling the electric plug to be withdrawn from the adapter. To
accommodate machines or appliances provided with three-wire
systems, the adapter is provided with ground-wire connection
means.
An object of the invention is to provide a lock-provided adapter
that is secured to the prongs of an electric plug of a power
machine or like device and is key-controlled so that the device can
be operated only which when the key is operated to close the
circuit to the device and remains in the lock after such
operation.
Another object of the invention is to provide an adapter as
characterized in which the contact of the adapter and the prongs of
the plug are connected in a manner to retain the adapter and plug
connected until, for whatever reason, the same are desired to be
separated.
A further object of the invention is to provide an adapter as
characterized with means to accommodate the ground prong of a
three-wire plug so that ground connection of the plug through the
adapter is facilitated.
This invention also has for its objects to provide such means that
are positive in operation, convenient in use, easily installed in a
working position and easily disconnected therefrom, economical of
manufacture, relatively simple, and of general superiority and
serviceability.
The invention also comprises novel details of construction and
novel combinations and arrangements of parts, which will more fully
appear in the course of the following description, which is based
on the accompanying drawings. However, said drawings merely show,
and the following specification merely describes one embodiment of
the present invention, which is given by way of illustration or
example only.
In the drawings, like reference characters designate similar parts
in the several views.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a circuit-closing adapter according
to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view as seen from the far side of FIG.
1.
FIG. 3,to an enlarged scale, is a sectional view as taken on the
plane of line 3--3 of FIG. 1, the cylinder lock there shown being
in elevation.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view as taken on the line 4--4 of FIG.
3, the adapter being shown in the open-circuit position of the
contacts thereof.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view as taken on the plane of
said line 4--4 of FIG. 3, the terminals thereof being shown in the
closed-circuit position of the contacts.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view as taken on the plane of line 6--6 of
FIG. 4.
FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively are longitudinal sectional views as
taken on the lines 7--7 and 8--8 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view as taken on the plane of line 9--9 of
FIG. 7.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present circuit-closing adapter comprises, generally, a
sectional body 10 formed of high impact, dielectric material,
preferably of one of the molded plastics; a pair of electric
contacts 11 housed in the body, one of which comprises a contact 12
that has permanent electrical contact with one prong 13 of an
electric plug 14 that, in the usual manner, is connected to an
electric machine or device, such as a drill, lathe, milling
machine, etc., and the other of which comprises a contact portion
15 that is in permanent electrical contact with the other prong 16
of the plug 14; a prong contact 17 comprises a normally spaced
extension of the contact portion 15; a key-controlled cylinder lock
18 housed in the body 10; means 19 operated by said lock to move
the contact portion 15 into electrical engagement with the prong
contact 17, whereby said contact portion and contact prong become
an electrical extension of the prong 16 of the electric plug 14;
dielectric means 20 for permanently securing the plug prongs 13 and
16, and the pair of electrical contacts 11 to the body 10; and
ground-connection means 21 mounted on the body 10 to provide for a
ground connection when the adapter is to be connected to a plug of
a three-wire electric system.
The body 10 is shown as comprising sections 25, 26 and 27,
preferably stacked with the section 26 between the sections 25 and
27, and with a single rivet 28 permanently connecting the sections
of the stack after the pair of contacts 11 are assembled between
the sections 26 and 27 and the lock 18 and means 19 are assembled
between the sections 25 and 26. Projection 29 extend from an inner
face of one body section and enter seats or sockets 30 in the inner
face of an adjacent body section to retain said sections against
relative rotative movement about the axis of the rivet 28. The
body, thus formed, is shown as of parallelepiped form. The form of
the body, however, may vary.
The contact 12 extends from one end of the housing through the
opposite end thereof to form a resilient prong 31 that is adapted
to be introduced into an electric socket or receptacle. The body
sections 26 and 27 are formed with mating notches that form an
opening 32 through which the prong 31 extends.
The contact portion 15 extends from the first-mentioned end of the
housing toward the opposite end but terminates within the housing,
said contact portion having an end extension 33 that is offset from
the part thereof adjacent to the first-mentioned end of the
housing. The end extension is resilient and the same is provided
with a wear bead 34 that, as will be hereinafter described, is
engaged by the means 19.
The prong contact 17 is formed to have a part 35 inwardly spaced
from the extension 33 of the contact portion 15, an integral
extension 36 is bent at right angles to the part 35 and is housed
in a seat formed in adjacent portions of sections 26 and 27, and a
resilient prong 37 extends from the part 35 to constitute a
companion to the prong 31 and is adapted to be introduced in the
mentioned electrical socket at the time said prong 31 is so
introduced. The body sections 26 and 27 are provided with an
opening 38, similar to opening 32, through which the prong 37
extends.
To make certain that the prong portion 15 and prong contact 17
remains normally spaced apart, as in FIG. 6, an expansion spring 39
biases the former in a direction away from the part 35 of the
latter.
The lock 18 is shown as an ordinary cylinder lock and is housed in
a recess 40 formed of complementary portions in the body sections
25 and 26. The barrel or cylinder of said lock is fixedly held in
said recess as by a pin 41 engaged in a seat formed in the body
section 25. The present lock has its key-rotated plug 42 provided
with an eccentric cam 43 that has one position (FIG. 4) when the
key of the lock is withdrawn, and another position (FIG. 5) when
the plug is turned by the key in which position the key cannot be
withdrawn.
The cam 43 is engaged with the means 19 which is shown as a slide
44 that is provided with an opening 45 in which said cam is
engaged. Said slide 44 is provided with a bevel 46 that is directed
toward the extension 33 of contact portion 15 to operatively engage
the bead 34 on the contact extension 33. As shown in FIG. 4, when
the cam 43 is retracted (the position thereof when the key is
removed) the slide 44 is retracted. Thus, the extension 33 remains
in the position of FIG. 6, i.e., spaced from the part 35 of the
prong contact 17. Of course, no current can flow toward the prong
37 from the end thereof in contact with the prong 16 of the plug
14.
When the key is turned to cause shift of the slide 44 toward but
rearward of the extension 33, the bevel thereof will engage the
bead 34 of said extension and cam or wedge the same into firm
electrical engagement part 35 of prong contact 17, as shown in FIG.
5. Such electrical engagement of the contact portion 15 and the
prong 17 will establish an electric circuit from a socket in which
the prongs 31 and 37 are engaged to the motive means of the machine
to which the plug 14 is connected. Upon rotation by the key of the
plug 42 of the lock, the cam 45 causes retraction of the slide 44
allowing the expansion spring 39 to bias the extension in a
direction away from the prong contact 17. Now the key may be
removed from the lock so the adapter can remain in a non-operative
condition.
The means 20 is shown as a dielectric locking pin 47 that extends
transversely through the body 10 and through aligned holes in the
plug contacts 13 and 16, contact 12, and contact portion 15. Said
pin 47 is sealed in by means of a plug 48 preferably of plastic,
whereby, if necessary, the same can be removed, but with some
difficulty, to allow removal of the pin 47.
The above-described adapter will serve to extend the terminals or
prongs 13 and 16 of a two-wire plug 14 to bring current of said
lines to the prongs 31 and 37, respectively, while the key, as
above described, remains in the plug 42, inasmuch as major
appliances ordinarily are required to have three-wire systems. In
order that such systems may still be powered by old two-wire
systems, the present adapter may be provided with the means 21.
Such means is shown as housed in a fourth body section 50 secured
to the body section 27, as by drive screws 51. Said means comprises
a terminal 52 that is adapted to receive the prong of the third or
grounding wire. The terminal 52 may be provided with a pigtail 53
that may be grounded to a fastening screw of the socket or
receptacle or to the plate thereof.
Where a three-wire system exists in the receptable, such pigtail
may be replaced by a prong that fits directly into the receptacle,
the openings 54 for the prongs 13 and 16 and and the opening 55 to
the terminal 52 being clustered, as in FIG. 1, for convenience.
While the foregoing has illustrated and described what is now
contemplated to be the best mode of carrying out the invention, the
construction is, of course, subject to modification without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *