U.S. patent number 3,690,726 [Application Number 05/100,208] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-12 for three-quarter fold chair.
This patent grant is currently assigned to American Seating Company. Invention is credited to Arthur L. Van Ryn.
United States Patent |
3,690,726 |
Van Ryn |
September 12, 1972 |
THREE-QUARTER FOLD CHAIR
Abstract
A stadium chair has a base pivotally supporting a seat on a ball
bearing with a spring actuator depending from the seat lying
between coil spring ends, the ends normally being spaced by a fixed
arm depending from a tail back housing for the spring and arranged
for normally supporting the seat in a three-quarter raised position
but yielding for movement of the seat to fully raised or lowered
positions.
Inventors: |
Van Ryn; Arthur L. (Grand
Rapids, MI) |
Assignee: |
American Seating Company (Grand
Rapids, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
41376336 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/100,208 |
Filed: |
December 21, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/332 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
7/566 (20130101); A47C 1/12 (20130101); A47C
7/56 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
1/00 (20060101); A47C 7/00 (20060101); A47C
7/56 (20060101); A47C 1/12 (20060101); A47c
001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/332,333,335,336,355
;248/413,383 ;287/101 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Zugel; Francis K.
Claims
I claim:
1. A chair comprising a base having a ball recess; a ball within a
portion of said recess; a seat having a lower portion provided with
a ball support defining a recess receiving another portion of said
ball to provide a pivot between the base and seat, said lower
portion of the seat having a spring actuator arm extending inwardly
below said pivot ball; a tail lock member providing a spring
housing and enclosing said actuator arm and provided at its bottom
with an outwardly extending spacer arm located in a normal position
directly beneath said spring actuator arm of said lower portion of
said seat, said seat being in a three-quarters raised position when
said actuator arm and said spacer arm are thus aligned, said spacer
arm bearing against said seat base; bolt means securing said tail
lock to said base; and a coil spring within said housing having
first and second spring ends located respectively on either side of
said spacer arm and said actuator; whereby said seat may be further
raised to a fully raised position wherein said actuator arm is
rotated in one direction to engage said first end of said spring
and apply torsion thereto, said second end of said spring being
restrained by said space arm of said tail lock, or said seat may be
lowered to a horizontal position wherein said actuator arm is
rotated in a direction opposite to said first direction to engage
said second end of said spring and apply torsion thereto, said
first end of said spring being restrained by said spacer arm; said
seat assuming said three-quarters raised position when not
otherwise urged.
2. The chair of claim 1 wherein said tail lock member further
includes an outwardly extending upper arm bearing against the ball
support of said seat; and wherein said bolt means creates leverage
on said pivot ball by urging the upper arm of said tail lock member
against said ball support of said seat, said spacer arm thereof
reacting against the base of said seat.
3. The chair of claim 1 wherein said coil spring comprises at least
four coils, two of said coils being located concentrically with two
others of said coils and within them whereby said spring has a
width of only two coils but has at least four useful coils.
4. A hinged structure for a chair base and a seat in which the seat
and base are pivotally connected by a ball extending in recesses
therebetween, said hinge structure adapted to hold said seat in a
normal position raised three-quarters of the full raised position,
comprising: a tail lock providing a spring housing and having at
its bottom an outwardly extending spacer arm engaging and reacting
against the base of said chair and at its top an outwardly
extending upper arm; said seat having a spring actuator depending
within said spring recess and normally located directly above the
spacer arm of said tail lock when said seat is in said
three-quarters raised position; bolt means securing said tail lock
member to said base and urging said seat into engagement with said
ball by forcing the upper arm of said tail lock against a portion
of said seat above said spring actuator; and a coil spring in said
recess having ends overlying respectively the edges of said spacer
arm and said actuator arm; whereby said seat may be rotated in
either direction, one end of said spring being engaged in either
case by said actuator arm rotated with said seat, the other end of
said spring being limited in rotational movement by said spacer arm
of said tail lock member, said seat being urged continually toward
said three-quarters raised position.
5. The structure of claim 4 further comprising plastic sheath means
enclosing said spring and located between said seat and said tail
lock member.
Description
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
Self-rising seats for stadium, theater and other uses normally
swing upwardly to a generally vertical position and downwardly to a
horizontal sitting position. Such a structure, however, is
unsatisfactory in several respects in that the seat has a tendency
to stay up, requiring the occupant to exert special effort in
lowering the seat in order to sit down. A third position, which is
about a three-quarter fold raised position, is highly desirable
because the occupant can readily sit down without the special
effort above mentioned, and further when a full folding is desired,
the occupant can raise the seat to this full fold point simply by
leaning against it. Then, as he steps forward to sit down, the seat
instantly assumes the three-quarter fold position so that no effort
is required in moving the seat to the sitting position.
I have discovered that a seat providing the above advantages can be
prepared while employing a novel, sturdy and efficient hinge
structure and a structure which will respond efficiently over a
long period without adjustment or need for repair.
DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a stadium chair with the seat in
the three-quarter fold position and embodying my invention;
FIG. 2, a similar perspective view with the seat in the full fold
position;
FIG. 3, a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the chair in the down
position;
FIG. 4, a fragmentary perspective view on an enlarged scale of the
pivot area of the chair;
FIG. 5, a view similar to FIG. 4 with the seat in the full fold
position, as in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6, a view similar to FIG. 5 but showing the seat arm in the
down position, as in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7, a fragmentary side view of the seat pivot area with the
seat arm in the three-quarter fold position, as in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8, a view similar to FIG. 7 but showing the seat arm in full
fold position, as in FIG. 5;
FIG. 9, a view similar to FIG. 8 but showing the seat arm in down
position;
FIG. 10, a fragmentary front view of the structure shown in FIG. 4
with the seat arm in the three-quarter fold position;
FIG. 11, a sectional detail view, the section being taken as
indicated at line 11--11 of FIG. 7;
FIG. 12, a side view in elevation of the three-quarter fold
spring;
FIG. 13, an end view of the spring shown in FIG. 12; and
FIG. 14, an exploded view of the seat pivot area showing the parts
in separated relation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In general, I have provided a stadium chair structure in which a
base equipped with arm rests and a back is provided with a ball
recess for receiving a ball within a portion of the recess and a
seat having a lower portion provided with a recess receiving
another portion of said ball to provide a pivot between the base
and seat, the seat having a spring actuator arm extending below the
ball bearing. A tail lock member provides a spring housing and
receives said actuator, while also being provided at its bottom
with a spacer arm. Bolt means are provided for anchoring the tail
lock upon the base, and a coil spring within the housing has ends
spaced by the spacer arm and the spring actuator. Through this
structure, the spring actuator is normally held between the spring
ends so as to maintain the seat at the desired three-quarter raised
position, while at the same time the seat can be readily moved to
full raised position, thereby tensioning the spring so that as the
seat is released, it will return to three-quarter position
Similarly, when the occupants sits upon the seat to move it to
horizontal position, the spring is tensioned to bring the seat
automatically to three-quarter position when the occupant rises.
The seat may be provided with one or two springs as may be
desired.
In the foregoing structure, I can employ a rather thin round spring
wire so that little space is needed to house it in the spring
mechanism, and the spring may be surrounded by a plastic housing
and the ends of the spring may be covered with plastic tubes to
prevent metal-to-metal contact. The plastic is preferably grease
and oil resistant and retains the grease which may be placed within
the housing at the time of installation. The plastic further acts
as a protector against the soiling of clothing, any possibility of
pinching fingers, etc.
In the illustration given, the stadium chair 20, which is described
herein as illustrative of the invention, has two standards 21 and
22 holding a back panel 23. Seat arms 24 and 25 are mounted on the
base of the chain 20 and support a seat panel 26, each seat arm
having a pivoting mechanism 27 allowing the seat to assume a
three-quarter raised position as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4 and 7, a
full fold position as shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 8, and a down
position as shown in FIGS. 3, 6 and 9.
Referring to FIGS. 9-11, the seat pivoting mechanism 27 has a pivot
housing 28 which may be provided with up and down stops (not
shown), the housing being molded as part of the standard 21 or 22.
It includes also a ball support 29 also on the standard, as well as
a ball support 30 in the outside surface of the seat arm 24 or 25.
A pivot ball 31 is mounted in said supports which is held together
with a tail lock 32 secured to the base by a bolt 33, a washer 34
and a nut 35.
The tail lock 32 has a lower portion resting within a recess or
pocket 36 in the seat base and an outwardly extending upper arm 36a
which creates leverage on the pivot joint by pressing against the
outside of the seat arm ball support 37 when the bolt 33 is
tightened.
To make the seat self rising, there is provided a spring actuator
38 depending from the seat arm 25 and adapted to engage the ends of
a three-quarter fold spring 39. The three-quarter fold position of
the seat is the neutral position shown in FIG. 7 where the spring
actuator 38 is held above the arm 40 of the tail lock 32 by the two
ends 41 and 42 of spring 39. The ends of the spring rest on the
sides of the spacer arm 40 of the tail lock and keep the spring
actuator 38 at rest between them.
In FIG. 8, the seat is shown raised into the fully folded position
with the seat arm pivoted so as to bring the spring actuator 38
forward, thus winding up the spring 39 to give added strength for
returning the spring actuator 38 to its neutral position as soon as
the seat is released. The spring end 42 is shown pressing against
the actuator 38.
In FIG. 9, the seat is shown lowered into its sitting position and
the seat arm pivots so as to bring the spring actuator rearwardly,
this action also winding up the spring to tension it for returning
the spring actuator 38 to its neutral position as soon as the
occupant rises. The spring 41 pushes against the side or edge of
the spring actuator 38 trying to return it to its neutral position
over the arm 40 of the tail lock 32.
To make the spring action as quiet as possible, the spring is
preferably housed in grease and oil resistant plastic after being
well greased. This prevents metal-to-metal contact which might
cause noise. Also, the ends 41 and 42 are covered with plastic
sleeves so that there is no rubbing of metal against the tail lock
arm 40 or the spring actuator 38. The spring rests in a plastic
container 43 with a lid-like piece of plastic 44 covering it from
the other side.
As shown best in FIGS. 12 and 13, the spring is a two-layer spring
in which the inner loop spirals from upper to lower level in one
360.degree. turn. In other words, the inner loop spirals to the
outside. In order to get the necessary degrees of spring movement
and hold down stress to reasonable limits, the spring has been
uniquely wound. While only two coils thick or wide, the inside-out
winding produces a spring with four and a fraction useful coils. If
the spring were wound side by side in the usual manner, the space
could not accommodate such a wide spring, but by the spiral winding
with the inner loop spiralling to the outside, there is provided a
spreading action distributed over four coils of spring.
While in the foregoing specification I have set out a specific
structure in considerable detail for the purpose of illustrating an
embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that such
details may be varied widely by those skilled in the art without
departing from the spirit of my invention.
* * * * *