U.S. patent number 3,690,118 [Application Number 05/061,676] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-12 for open refrigerated display case with roll-in display racks.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kysor Industrial Corporation. Invention is credited to Julius H. Rainwater.
United States Patent |
3,690,118 |
Rainwater |
September 12, 1972 |
OPEN REFRIGERATED DISPLAY CASE WITH ROLL-IN DISPLAY RACKS
Abstract
An open front refrigerated display case for storage and display
of products on mobile rack carts, wherein a top wall, vertical end
and rear walls, and interior divider walls paralleling the end
walls define plural forwardly opening bays or stalls into which the
rack carts may be rolled along the store floor. Removable lower
front wall sections spaced forwardly of the carts in the stalls
define air inlet ducts for leading return air beneath the carts
into a rear return duct and to a refrigeration compartment above
the stalls.
Inventors: |
Rainwater; Julius H. (Atlanta,
GA) |
Assignee: |
Kysor Industrial Corporation
(Cadillac, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22037368 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/061,676 |
Filed: |
August 6, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
62/250; 62/237;
62/256 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47F
3/0447 (20130101); A47F 2003/066 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47F
3/04 (20060101); A47f 003/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;62/237,256,250 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wye; William J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be located
on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and display of
products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members including a
top wall, vertical end walls and vertically spaced upper and lower
front wall sections collectively forming an elongated enclosure
defining a product display zone extending along a longitudinal
reference axis perpendicular to the end walls and having an access
opening at the front of the display case extending the length
thereof between said vertically spaced front wall sections, a
plurality of interior divider walls in said product display zone
paralleling the end walls and subdividing the display zone into
product stalls spaced along said reference axis, the store floor
forming the bottom of each of said product stalls, a plurality of
mobile rack carts each having wheels and a base platform and
vertically spaced product shelves for supporting the products
thereon, the carts being movable along the floor into the
respective stalls to a selected storage position therein, the base
platform of each cart at said position being spaced a selected
distance from the lower front wall section and store floor defining
downwardly and rearwardly extending return duct legs therebetween
for return of air along an air recirculation circuit from the
bottom of said access opening, means defining an upwardly extending
return duct leg immediately rearwardly of the carts occupying said
selected position, means defining a refrigeration compartment above
said stalls including air circulating fans and cooling coils for
circulating return air from said return duct legs and cooling a
portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of said access opening
communicating with said refrigeration compartment for discharging,
downwardly as an air curtain across said access opening air having
a temperature lower than room temperature, and means for defining
unobstructed cart passages for movement of the carts along the
floor into and from each stall, said nozzle means including an
inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent parallelism
along the length of the access opening, and said refrigeration
compartment including means defining a first air channel for
conveying air discharged from said fans to the outer nozzle, in
by-passing relation to the cooling coils, the cooling coils being
located in the path of the remaining air discharged from the fans,
and means communicating air passing through said cooling coils to
said inner nozzle.
2. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 1, including
partition means defining a cooled air duct having an inlet
communicating with air exiting from the cooling coils and an outlet
at the upper rear corner of the stalls for conveying a portion of
the air passing through the cooling coils to said outlet and
discharging the same downwardly adjacent the rear of the carts in
said stalls.
3. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be located
on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and display of
products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members including a
top wall, vertical end walls and vertically spaced upper and lower
front wall sections collectively forming an elongated enclosure
defining a product display zone extending along a longitudinal
reference axis perpendicular to the end walls and having an access
opening at the front of the display case extending the length
thereof between said vertically spaced front wall sections, a
plurality of interior divider walls in said product display zone
paralleling the end walls and subdividing the display zone into
product stalls spaced along said reference axis, the store floor
forming the bottom of each of said product stalls, a plurality of
mobile rack carts each having wheels and a base platform and
vertically spaced product shelves for supporting the products
thereon, the carts being movable along the floor into the
respective stalls to a selected storage position therein, the base
platform of each cart at said position being spaced a selected
distance from the lower front wall section and store floor defining
downwardly and rearwardly extending return duct legs therebetween
for return of air along an air recirculation circuit from the
bottom of said access opening, means defining an upwardly extending
return duct leg immediately rearwardly of the carts occupying said
selected position, means defining a refrigeration compartment above
said stalls including air circulating fans and cooling coils for
circulating return air from said return duct legs and cooling a
portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of said access opening
communicating with said refrigeration compartment for discharging,
downwardly as an air curtain across said access opening air having
a temperature lower than room temperature, and means for defining
unobstructed cart passages for movement of the carts along the
floor into and from each stall, including partition means defining
a cooled air duct having an inlet communicating with air exiting
from the cooling coils and an outlet at the upper rear corner of
the stalls for conveying a portion of the air passing through the
cooling coils to said outlet and discharging the same downwardly
adjacent the rear of the carts in said stalls.
4. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be located
on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and display of
products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members including a
top wall, vertical end walls and vertically spaced upper and lower
front wall sections collectively forming an elongated enclosure
defining a product display zone extending along a longitudinal
reference axis perpendicular to the end walls and having an access
opening at the front of the display case extending the length
thereof between said vertically spaced front wall sections, a
plurality of interior divider walls in said product display zone
paralleling the end walls and subdividing the display zone into
product stalls spaced along said reference axis, the store floor
forming the bottom of each of said product stalls, a plurality of
mobile rack carts each having wheels and a base platform and
vertically spaced product shelves for supporting the products
thereon, the cards being movable along the floor into the
respective stalls to a selected storage position therein, the base
platform of each cart at said position being spaced a selected
distance from the lower front wall section and store floor defining
downwardly and rearwardly extending return duct legs therebetween
for return of air along an air recirculation circuit from the
bottom of said access opening, means defining an upwardly extending
return duct leg immediately rearwardly of the carts occupying said
selected position, means defining a refrigeration compartment above
said stalls including air circulating fans and cooling coils for
circulating return air from said return duct legs and cooling a
portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of said access opening
communicating with said refrigeration compartment for discharging,
down-wardly as an air curtain across said access opening air having
a temperature lower than room temperature, and means for defining
unobstructed cart passages for movement of the carts along the
floor into and from each stall, said wall members including a rear
wall extending between said end walls, said lower front wall
sections being formed in longitudinally spaced segments each
extending across the front of a respective stall, and means for
removably coupling each lower front wall section to walls of the
case adjacent the opposite ends of the respective segment,
including a pair of rectilinear guide rails secured to the store
floor in each respective stall, disposed in parallelism with the
end walls and having confronting guide surfaces spaced apart along
said reference axis a distance to engage the laterally outwardly
facing vertical surfaces of the pairs of wheels of each cart and
maintain them in parallelism with the end walls to guide the carts
into and from the stalls, and guide rail extensions hinged to the
front ends of said guide rails within the stalls for swinging
movement from upwardly inclined storage positions rearwardly of the
lower front wall section to horizontal positions forming forward
rectilinear continuations of the guide rails extending forwardly of
the normal locations of the lower front wall sections when the
associated segment of the latter is removed.
5. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 1, wherein said
wall members include a rear wall extending between said end walls,
said lower front wall sections being formed in longitudinally
spaced segments each extending across the front of a respective
stall, and means for removably coupling each lower front wall
section to walls of the case adjacent the opposite ends of the
respective segment, including a pair of rectilinear guide rails
fixed in each stall adjacent the opposite sides thereof disposed in
parallelism with the end walls and having confronting guide
surfaces spaced apart along said reference axis a distance to
engage laterally outwardly facing vertical surfaces of parts of
each cart to guide the carts into and from the stalls, and guide
rail extensions hinged to the front ends of said guide rails within
the stalls for swinging movement from storage positions rearwardly
of the lower front wall section to horizontal positions forming
forward rectilinear continuations of the guide rails extending
forwardly of the normal locations of the lower front wall sections
when the associated segment of the latter is removed.
6. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 2 wherein said
wall members include a rear wall extending between said end walls,
said lower front wall sections being formed in longitudinally
spaced segments each extending across the front of a respective
stall, and means for removably coupling each lower front wall
section to walls of the case adjacent the opposite ends of the
respective segment, including a pair of rectilinear guide rails
secured to the store floor in each respective stall, disposed in
parallelism with the end walls and having confronting guide
surfaces spaced apart along said reference axis a distance to
engage the laterally outwardly facing vertical surfaces of the
pairs of wheels of each cart and maintain them in parallelism with
the end walls to guide the carts into and from the stalls, and
guide rail extensions hinged to the front ends of said guide rails
within the stalls for swinging movement from upwardly inclined
storage positions rearwardly of the lower front wall section to
horizontal positions forming forward rectilinear continuations of
the guide rails extending forwardly of the normal locations of the
lower front wall sections when the associated segment of the latter
is removed.
7. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be located
on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and display of
products on mobile rack carts, comprising a top wall, vertical end
walls, a vertical rear wall, and vertically spaced upper and lower
front wall sections collectively forming an elongated enclosure
defining an open front product display zone extending along a
longitudinal reference axis perpendicular to the end walls and
having an access opening at the front of the display case extending
the length thereof between said vertically spaced front wall
sections, a plurality of interior divider structural members in
said product display zone paralleling the end walls and subdividing
the display zone into product stalls forwardly of said rear wall
spaced along said reference axis, the store floor forming the
bottom of each of said product stalls, a plurality of mobile rack
carts each having two laterally spaced pairs of caster wheels and a
base platform and vertically spaced product shelves for supporting
the products thereon, the carts being movable along the floor into
the respective stalls to a selected storage position therein, the
base platform of each cart at said position being spaced a selected
distance from the lower front wall section and store floor defining
downwardly and rearwardly extending return duct legs therebetween
for return of air along an air recirculation circuit from the
bottom of said access opening, a rear inner panel spaced forwardly
of the rear wall defining an upwardly extending return duct leg
immediately rearwardly of the carts in said stalls, an upper panel
projecting forwardly from the top of said rear inner panel and
spaced below said top wall defining a refrigeration compartment
above said stalls, an inclined partition in the rear portion of
said refrigeration compartment having openings therein and fans
associated with said opening defining a lower pressure plenum zone
at the top of said return duct leg and a higher pressure plenum
zone downstream from said inclined partition, cooling coils
communicating with said higher pressure plenum zone for circulating
a portion of the return air and cooling the same, nozzle means at
the top of said access opening communicating with said
refrigeration compartment for discharging downwardly as an air
curtain across said access opening air having a temperature lower
than room temperature, and means for defining unobstructed cart
passages for movement of the carts along the floor into and from
each stall, said nozzle means including an inner nozzle and an
outer nozzle extending in adjacent parallelism along the length of
the access opening, and said refrigeration compartment including a
divider panel at the top of said cooling coils spaced below said
top wall and defining a first air channel above the divider panel
for conveying air discharged from said fans to the outer nozzle, in
by-passing relation to the cooling coils, and a second air channel
below the divider panel intercepted by the cooling coils, and means
communicating air passing through the second channel and said
cooling coils to said inner nozzle.
8. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 7, including
partition means defining a cooled air duct having an inlet
communicating with air exiting from the cooling coils and an outlet
at the upper rear corner of the stalls for conveying a portion of
the air passing through the cooling coils to said outlet and
discharging the same downwardly adjacent the rear of the carts in
said stalls.
9. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be located
on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and display of
products on mobile rack carts, comprising a top wall, vertical end
walls, a vertical rear wall, and vertically spaced upper and lower
front wall sections collectively forming an elongated enclosure
defining an open front product display zone extending along a
longitudinal reference axis perpendicular to the end walls and
having an access opening at the front of the display case extending
the length thereof between said vertically spaced front wall
sections, a plurality of interior divider structural members in
said product display zone paralleling the end walls and subdividing
the display zone into product stalls forwardly of said rear wall
spaced along said reference axis, the store floor forming the
bottom of each of said product stalls, a plurality of mobile rack
carts each having two laterally spaced pairs of caster wheels and a
base platform and vertically spaced product shelves for supporting
the products thereon, the carts being movable along the floor into
the respective stalls to a selected storage position therein, the
base platform of each cart at said position being spaced a selected
distance from the lower front wall section and store floor defining
downwardly and rearwardly extending return duct legs therebetween
for return of air along an air recirculation circuit from the
bottom of said access opening, a rear inner panel spaced forwardly
of the rear wall defining an upwardly extending return duct leg
immediately rearwardly of the carts in said stalls, an upper panel
projecting forwardly from the top of said rear inner panel and
spaced below said top wall defining a refrigeration compartment
above said stalls, an inclined partition in the rear portion of
said refrigeration compartment having openings therein and fans
associated with said opening defining a lower pressure plenum zone
at the top of said return duct leg and a higher pressure plenum
zone downstream from said inclined partition, cooling coils
communicating with said higher pressure plenum zone for circulating
a portion of the return air and cooling the same, nozzle means at
the top of said access opening communicating with said
refrigeration compartment for discharging downwardly as an air
curtain across said access opening air having a temperature lower
than room temperature, and means for defining unobstructed cart
passages for movement of the carts along the floor into and from
each stall, including a pair of rectilinear guide rails, fixed in
each stall adjacent the opposite sides thereof disposed in
parallelism with the end walls and having confronting guide
surfaces spaced apart along said reference axis a distance to
engage the laterally outwardly facing vertical surfaces of parts of
each cart to guide the carts into and from the stalls, and guide
rail extensions hinged to the front ends of said guide rails within
the stalls for swinging movement from storage positions rearwardly
of the lower front wall section to horizontal positions forming
forward rectilinear continuations of the guide rails extending
forwardly of the normal locations of the lower front wall sections
when the associated segment of the latter is removed.
10. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 7, including a
pair of rectilinear guide rails, fixed in each stall adjacent the
opposite sides thereof disposed in parallelism with the end walls
and having confronting guide surfaces spaced apart along said
reference axis a distance to engage the laterally outwardly facing
vertical surfaces of parts of each cart to guide the carts into and
from the stalls, and guide rail extensions hinged to the front ends
of said guide rails within the stalls for swinging movement from
storage positions rearwardly of the lower front wall section to
horizontal positions forming forward rectilinear continuations of
the guide rails extending forwardly of the normal locations of the
lower front wall sections when the associated segment of the latter
is removed.
11. A refrigerated display case as defined in claim 8, including a
pair of rectilinear guide rails secured to the store floor in each
respective stall, disposed in parallelism with the end walls and
having confronting guide surfaces spaced apart along said reference
axis a distance to engage the laterally outwardly facing vertical
surfaces of the pairs of wheels of each cart and maintain them in
parallelism with the end walls to guide the carts into and from the
stalls, and guide rail extensions hinged to the front ends of said
guide rails within the stalls for swinging movement from upwardly
inclined storage positions rearwardly of the lower front wall
section to horizontal positions forming forward rectilinear
continuations of the guide rails extending forwardly of the normal
locations of the lower front wall sections when the associated
segment of the latter is removed.
12. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members
collectively forming an elongated product display enclosure having
an access opening at the front, mobile rack carts for supporting
products thereon movable along the store floor into the display
enclosure, the base platform of each cart being elevated to form
part of a return duct for return of air along an air recirculation
circuit from the bottom of said access opening, means defining an
upwardly extending return duct portion in the back of said
enclosure, a refrigeration compartment including air circulating
fans and cooling coils for circulating return air from said return
duct and cooling a portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of said
access opening for discharging cooled air downwardly as an air
curtain across said access opening, said nozzle means including an
inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent parallelism
along the length of the access opening, said refrigeration
compartment including a first air channel for conveying air
discharged from said fans to the outer nozzle, in by-passing
relation to the cooling coils, the cooling coils being located in
the path of the remaining air discharged from the fans, and means
communicating air passing through said cooling coils to said inner
nozzle; a cool air duct having an inlet communicating with air
exiting from the cooling coils and a downward outlet at the upper
rear corner of the display zone for conveying a portion of the air
passing through the cooling coils to said outlet and discharging
the same downwardly adjacent the rear of the carts in said display
zone.
13. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members
collectively forming an elongated product display enclosure having
an access opening at the front, mobile rack carts for supporting
products thereon movable along the store floor into the display
enclosure, the base platform of each cart being elevated to form
part of a return duct for return of air along an air recirculation
circuit from the bottom of said access opening, means defining an
upwardly extending return duct portion in the back of said
enclosure, a refrigeration compartment including cooling coils for
cooling a portion of return air from said return duct, nozzle means
at the top of said access opening for discharging air downwardly as
an air curtain across said access opening, said nozzle means
including an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent
parallelism along the length of the access opening, means
communicating air passing through said cooling coils to said inner
nozzle fan means for advancing air from around said cooling coils
to and out of said inner nozzle and for advancing air to and out of
said outer nozzle, a cool air duct having an inlet communicating
with air exiting from the cooling coils and a downwardly oriented
outlet at the upper rear corner of the display zone for conveying a
portion of the air passing through the cooling coils to said outlet
and discharging the same downwardly adjacent the rear of the carts
in said display zone.
14. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members
collectively forming an elongated product display enclosure having
an access opening at the front, said enclosure being open at the
bottom to allow the store floor to form the bottom, mobile rack
carts for supporting products thereon movable along the store floor
into the display enclosure, the base platform of each cart being
elevated to form part of a return duct for return of air along an
air recirculation circuit from the bottom of said access opening,
means defining an upwardly extending return duct portion in the
back of said enclosure, a refrigeration compartment including air
circulating fans and cooling coils for circulating return air from
said return duct and cooling a portion thereof, nozzle means at the
top of said access opening for discharging cooled air downwardly as
an air curtain across said access opening, said nozzle means
including an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent
parallelism along the length of the access opening, said
refrigeration compartment including a first air channel for
conveying air discharged from said fans to the outer nozzle, in
by-passing relation to the cooling coils, the cooling coils being
located in the path of the remaining air discharged from the fans,
and means communicating air passing through said cooling coils to
said inner nozzle.
15. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products comprising wall members collectively forming an
elongated product display enclosure having an access opening at the
front means for supporting products thereon in said display
enclosure, means defining an upwardly extending return duct portion
in the back of said enclosure, a refrigeration compartment
including air circulating fans and cooling coils for circulating
return air from said return duct and cooling a portion thereof,
nozzle means at the top of said access opening for discharging
cooled air downwardly as an air curtain across said access opening,
said nozzle means including an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle
extending in adjacent parallelism along the length of the access
opening, said refrigeration compartment including a first air
channel for conveying air discharged from said fans to the outer
nozzle, in by-passing relation to the cooling coils, the cooling
coils being located in the path of the remaining air discharged
from the fans, and means communicating air passing through said
cooling coils to said inner nozzle; a cool air duct having an inlet
communicating with air exiting from the cooling coils and a
downward outlet at the upper rear corner of the display zone for
conveying a portion of the air passing through the cooling coils to
said outlet and discharging the same downwardly adjacent the rear
of the carts in said display zone.
16. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members
collectively forming an elongated product display enclosure having
an access opening at the front, mobile rack carts for supporting
products thereon movable along the store floor into the display
enclosure, a refrigeration compartment including cooling coils,
nozzle means at the top of said access opening for discharging air
downwardly as an air curtain across said access opening, said
nozzle means including an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle
extending in adjacent parallelism along the length of the access
opening, means communicating air passing through said cooling coils
to said inner nozzle fan means for advancing air from around said
cooling coils to and out of said inner nozzle and for advancing air
to and out of said outer nozzle, a cooled air duct having an inlet
communicating with air exiting from the cooling coils and a
downwardly oriented outlet at the upper rear corner of the display
zone for conveying a portion of the air passing through the cooling
coils to said outlet and discharging the same downwardly adjacent
the rear of said display zone.
17. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products on mobile rack carts, comprising wall members
collectively forming an elongated product display enclosure having
an access opening at the front, mobile rack carts for supporting
products thereon movable along the store floor into the display
enclosure, a refrigeration compartment including air circulating
fans and cooling coils for circulating return air from said return
duct and cooling a portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of said
access opening for discharging cooled air downwardly as an air
curtain across said access opening, said nozzle means including an
inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent parallelism
along the length of the access opening, said refrigeration
compartment including a first air channel for conveying air
discharged from said fans to the outer nozzle, in by-passing
relation to the cooling coils, the cooling coils being located in
the path of the remaining air discharged from the fans, and means
communicating air passing through said cooling coils to said inner
nozzle.
18. A refrigerated display case of the open front type to be
located on the floor of a store for refrigerated storage and
display of products comprising wall members collectively forming an
elongated product display enclosure having an access opening at the
front, means for supporting products thereon in said display
enclosure, means defining a single upwardly extending return duct
in the back of said enclosure, a refrigeration compartment
including cooling coils, said compartment being located in the top
of said case in communication with said return duct, a single set
of air circulating fans spaced along the length of the case for
circulating return air through said return duct and said
compartment to cool a portion thereof, nozzle means at the top of
said access opening for discharging air downwardly as an air
curtain across said access opening, said nozzle means including an
inner nozzle and an outer nozzle extending in adjacent parallelism
along the length of the access opening, said refrigeration
compartment including a first air channel for conveying noncooled
air discharged from said single return duct by said fans to the
outer nozzle, in by-passing relation to all cooling coils, the
cooling coils being located in the path of the remaining air
discharged from the single return duct by said fans, and means
including a second air channel communicating air passing through
said cooling coils to said inner nozzle; said return duct having a
common air inlet at the lower end thereof, the air from said inner
and outer nozzles being directed across said access opening and
into said common return duct inlet.
Description
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates in general to refrigerated display
cases of the open front type, and more particularly to open front
refrigerated display cases constructed so as to facilitate movement
of loaded mobile racks or carts into position in the display case
and arranged for circulation of cooling air about the product on
the shelves of the mobile rack or cart to preserve the perishable
products in properly refrigerated condition.
Conventional refrigerated display cases for storing products,
particularly such as dairy products and the like, in retail food
stores are normally of the stationary type having vertically spaced
fixed shelves on which the products must be loaded by bringing them
to the vicinity of the refrigerated display case in hand trucks or
carts, and manually transferring the products to the shelves in the
interior of the display case. This transferring operation, of
course, requires considerable time and labor, and in the case of
certain products, such as produce, the transferring operation may
adversely affect the produce by repeated handling. When the manual
transferring operation is required during business hours to restock
a depleted case, the blocking of at least a portion of the case and
the adjacent aisle while the stock is being replenished interferes
with sales and with the normal flow of customer traffic.
An object of the present invention is the provision of a
refrigerated display case of the open front type having means for
providing an air curtain of cooling air extending generally
vertically at the open front of the case, wherein the case is
constructed so that roller racks or carts which may be preloaded
with the product to be displayed and refrigerated, such as with
cartons of milk, beer, eggs, cheese, bakery products, produce, meat
and the like, may be readily rolled into position within the case
to effect stocking of the case.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel
open front refrigerated display case of the type described in the
preceding paragraph, wherein a series of laterally arranged free
standing mobile racks or carts each with vertically spaced shelves
thereon constitute the product supporting shelf surfaces for the
display case and are rolled directly along the fixed store floor
into bays or stalls within the display case for loading the display
case.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel
open front refrigerated display case of the type described in the
preceding paragraph, wherein a lower removable front structure
forming a return air grille section is provided for each bay
designed to receive one of the product supporting carts, and
special guidance means is provided which may be temporarily
extended forwardly beyond the cabinet exterior walls to permit a
single person to push a fully loaded cart into position without
damaging adjacent parts of the display case.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel
open front refrigerated display case of the type described in the
preceding paragraph, wherein the bottom is omitted allowing for
greater sanitary conditions since the building floor is more easily
cleaned as compared to a refrigerated display case having an
insulated bottom containing cooling devices.
Other objects, advantages and capabilities of the present invention
will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken
in conjunction with the accompanying drawings illustrating a
preferred embodiment of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refrigerated display case
constructed in accordance with the present invention, and
illustrating one of the preloaded product supporting carts in the
course of being rolled from the front of the display case into
storage position therein;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary front elevation view of the display case,
with one of the lower removable front sections withdrawn;
FIG. 3 is a vertical transverse section view through the display
case, taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the guidance
means for guiding carts into the respective bays.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference characters
designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures, the
open front refrigerated display case of the present invention
comprises a horizontally elongated cabinet, generally designated by
the reference character 10, which includes an upright insulated
back wall generally indicated by the reference character 11, a pair
of insulated upright end walls 12 and 13, and an insulated top wall
14. An upper front wall section 15 depends from the front edge of
the top wall 14 for a short distance and is fixed thereto, and
supports an ornamental outwardly projecting trim cap 16 which
carries plural incandescent lamps 17 as shown in the preferred
embodiment illustrated. A removable lower front structure generally
indicated at 18 is also provided made up of similar removable lower
front sections, 19A and 19C of which are shown, to be associated
with the product display bays or stalls 20A, 20B, and 20C spaced
longitudinally of the display case. It will be observed that there
is no bottom wall to the display cabinet 10, the store floor
serving as the bottom of the product compartments or bays 20A, B,
and C in the unit so that the store floor remains free for a
roll-in display rack or cart, generally indicated at 21, for each
of the compartments or bays.
The lower front sections 19A and 19C, and the like section for
stall 20B, each comprise an upright insulated panel 22 of planar
rectangular configuration supporting an ornamental molding unit 23
on its front face and having a deformable rubber sealing gasket 24
at its bottom edge to engage the floor in sealing relation, and
having a suitable trim strip 25 at its upper edge. A metallic
grille member 26 is supported on and extends rearwardly from the
upper portion of the panel 22 of each respective lower front
section, terminating at a position just forwardly of the front edge
of the roll-in display rack cart 21 for its respective product
compartment or bay, and defines a return grille for return of the
air curtain and descending refrigerating air to the space
immediately rearwardly of the lower front section panels 22 and
below the grille member 26. Each of the previously described walls
11 to 15 and the panel 22 are preferably formed of outer and inner
shells, usually constructed of sheet metal, between which a body of
insulating material is disposed, in accordance with usual
construction practice in manufacturing refrigerated display
cases.
Each of the roll-in display rack carts 21 are preferably of a
construction similar to that illustrated in the drawings, wherein a
plurality of caster type wheels 27 extend below and are supported
for swinging movement about vertical mounting axes in the base
platform 28 of the cart. The cart may conveniently be formed of a
pair of side frames, indicated generally at 29, each formed of an
inverted, U-shaped frame member 30, for example formed of
rectangular cross-section tubular metal, reinforced by a center
upright post 31 of similar construction, and having horizontal
shelves 32 at vertically spaced locations above the base platform
28. The ends of the shelves are secured to the side frames 29 and
include, for example, end strips which extend transversely between
the vertical legs of the U-shaped frame members 30 which are
secured, as by welding, to such vertical legs and to the center
upright post 31 of each side frame 29. In the illustrated example,
the cart 21 is designed to support cartons of milk, fruit juice or
similar beverages in standard size cartons, for example half-gallon
cartons, and accordingly the shelves 32 are spaced vertically from
each other a distance slightly greater than the height of such
standard size cartons.
A rear inner panel 34, for example, of sheet metal, is spaced
forwardly from the back wall 11 and occupies a position spaced a
sufficient distance rearwardly of the rear of the rack cart 21 to
define air flow ducts, to be later described, both to the front and
rear of panel 34. The panel 34 has a forwardly projecting flange
34a at its bottom located for example substantially at the
horizontal level of or just below the base platform 28 of the
mobile rack or cart 21, to abut or closely approach the platform 28
and shut off air flow from back of the cart 21 to the zone below
the platform 28 and the panel rises to a level just above the top
of the mobile rack, leaving a space above the top of the racks for
a refrigeration compartment 36 of selected height immediately below
the top wall 14. The top of the refrigeration compartment is
defined by the top wall 14, and its bottom wall is defined by panel
or sheet metal portions 37 which extend forwardly from the rear
inner panel 34 along a slightly upwardly inclined plane to a
position near but spaced rearwardly from the lower edge of the
upper front wall section 15. Another panel or sheet metal portion
38 spaced slightly downwardly from the sheet metal portions 37
extend from the forward end thereof to a location near the rear
inner panel 34 and terminates in a short downturned lip, defining a
cool air supply duct 39 at the top of the product compartment or
bay in which the mobile rack is stored for delivering a portion of
the cooler air to the rear upper corner of the bay to be discharged
downwardly immediately forwardly of the rear inner panel 34 along
the back of the cart 21.
An inclined partition 40 having plural openings and fans or blowers
41 spaced along the length of the case for circulating air
therethrough divides the rear portion of the refrigeration
compartment 36 into an inlet plenum area 42 upstream or to the rear
of the inclined partition 40, and a downstream or pressurized
plenum area 43 immediately forwardly of the partition 40. A cooling
coil 44 is supported in the front portion of the refrigeration
chamber 36 between a lower shorter insulated panel 44a and an upper
longer insulated panel 44b. The panel 44b is spaced below the top
wall 14 and extends to a location approximately midway between the
vertical plane through the forward end of the duct 39 and the upper
front wall section 15 to define a by-pass duct 45 for air
discharged from the fan 41 and downstream plenum 43. A divider
member 46 depends from the forward end of the upper panel 44b to
separate the region between the forward end of the cooling coil 44
and the upper front wall section 15 into rear discharge duct
portion 47 and front discharge duct portion 48 paralleling each
other and extending longitudinally substantially the length of the
display case at the top of the front access opening 59. Each of the
rear and front discharge ducts 47, 48 terminate in honeycomb
nozzles 47a and 48a for discharging the air passing therethrough
downwardly in a pair of parallel air curtains descending across the
front opening 49 of the display case to return through the grille
26 immediately rearwardly of the bottom of the access opening
49.
Between each bay or stall 20A, 20B and 20C for the mobile racks,
structural supports or frames 50 may be provided, which may be open
skeleton frames, or may be substantially L-shaped members as shown,
to lend structural strength to the case and provide convenient
attachment surfaces for applications of fixed shelving where mobile
racks are not used. When all of the mobile racks are positioned in
the bays or stalls at locations similar to that illustrated in FIG.
3, the product rests on the individual shelves which are
multi-tiered and are accessable to the shopper through the front
access opening 49.
The rear wall 11 may, if desired, be made into a swinging or
sliding door assembly to allow rear placement of the mobile display
racks from a walk-in storage refrigerator, or the back wall 11 and
panel 34 may be completely eliminated and a fan such as indicated
in broken lines at 51 may be provided on the upper rear of the
display case, when it is arranged as the front of a walk-in storage
refrigerator, so as to draw in cold air from the walk-in
refrigerator and form a rear protective air curtain 51a to allow
the mobile racks to be placed into the display stalls without any
obstruction.
In the preferred embodiment illustrated, and referring particularly
to FIG. 3, the air returning from the food compartment travels
through the return grille 26 into what may be described as an air
return duct portion 52 and travels beneath the base platform 28 of
the roll-in rack or cart 21 between the base platform and the floor
35, to the full length rear duct 53 defined between the rear inner
panel 34 and the back wall 11. The warmer returning air is drawn
upwardly through the rear duct 53 to the inlet plenum area 42,
where the fans 41 exhaust the air into the pressurized plenum area
43. The air delivered to the pressurized plenum area 43 divides
into two portions, one of which travels through the cooling coil 44
where it is cooled to a lower temperature suitable for properly
protecting the particular perishable product on display, such as
meat, dairy products, vegetables, frozen foods, ice cream and the
like. The other portion of the air passes through the by-pass duct
45 above the cooling coil where its temperature is not further
reduced, although this by-passed air is at a lower temperature than
room air due to its parallel flow and mixing action with the
refrigerated air. The air passing through the cooling coil 44
cooled by thermal exchange with the refrigerant in the coil then
passes into the rear discharge duct area 47 and is distributed
through the honeycomb nozzle 47a where it enters the display case
opening to form a high velocity curtain, indicated by air path 54.
The remaining portion of the air from the rear discharge duct area
47 enters the duct 39 where it is delivered to the opening 39a at
the rear upper corner of the display rack stalls or bays. The air
from the duct 39 has a relatively low temperature and thus falls
downwardly through the zone 55 between the rear inner panel 34 and
the back of the cart 21 and the food product stacked thereon. The
air flow space 55 back of the cart 21 is closed at its bottom by
the flange 34a, and the air in this zone flows forwardly across the
product on the shelves toward the front of the display rack stalls
and again joins and mixes with the air curtain 54. Since the air
from the duct 39 is not fully exposed to an outside heat influence,
it tends to help maintain lower temperature at the lower end of the
air curtain 54 than would otherwise be possible.
The air which passes through the by-pass duct 45 passes to the
front discharge duct area 48 and is distributed through the
honeycomb nozzle 48a into a second air curtain 56. This second
protective air curtain 56 separates the colder air in the inner or
rearmost air curtain 54 and the air discharged into the product
bays from the duct 39 from the entrained room air forwardly
adjoining the front air curtain 56, the entrained air being
indicated by the air stream arrows 57. The air mixtures gather and
return through the grille 26 to complete the circuit. Because of
the air curtain and some air flowing across the products on
display, the food products are surrounded by a cold atmosphere and
remain at safe temperatures which preserve them for long periods of
display time.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 and 4, fore-and-aft elongated guide
members 60 are secured to the structural frames 50 (FIGS. 1-3) or
to the store floor 35 (FIG. 4) at the lateral portions of each of
the bays or stalls 20A, 20B and 20C to guide the mobile rack or
cart wheels 27 during movement of the racks into and out of the
stalls. These guide members may take the form of elongated blocks
or channels or rectangular cross-section tubes providing a fixed
section 61 extending from a location near but spaced rearwardly
from the front plane of the display case to a location near the
rear wall 11, which is secured to the structural frames 50 or to
the floor 35, as by screws 61a. In the front loading display case,
a hinged extension guide 62 having a cross-section similar to that
of the fixed section 61 is coupled, as by hinge 63, to the front
edge of the section 61 and has a length such that when it is folded
outwardly, in the form of FIGS. 1-3, or downwardly in the FIG. 4
form, the front end portion of the extension guide is spaced
forwardly from the front plane of the display case. The front end
portion of the pair of extension guides for each stall or bay will
preferably be shaped to define outwardly diverging inclined wall
portions 64 along the confronting vertical walls of the companion
guide members for each stall to facilitate initial entry of the
sides of the base platform 28 or the cart wheels into guided
contact with the confronting vertical walls 61b, 62b. The
confronting vertical walls 61b, 62b are spaced in their rectilinear
regions a distance just greater than the distance between the outer
surfaces of the platform 28 or, of the wheels 27 at the left and
right sides of the mobile racks or carts when the wheels are in
parallel fore-and-aft positions, to facilitate guiding the racks
into the bays or stalls. Vertical stop flanges, as indicated at 65,
are secured to the floor or to the guide members at proper
positions to abut the platform 28 or the rearmost wheels of each
mobile rack when the rack has reached the proper rearward position
in the stall or bay such that the rear of the rack is spaced
slightly away from the rear inner panel 34 to provide the space for
falling refrigerated air to freely circulate downwardly and
outwardly across the product. When the racks or carts has been
moved to their proper loaded positions wherein the rear wheels abut
the vertical stop flanges 65, the front extension guides 62 can
then be swung inwardly, for the form of FIGS. 1-3, or upwardly for
the FIG. 4 form, about the hinges 63, and the removable lower front
section, such as 19A or 19C, can then be reinstalled on the display
case. These removable lower front sections may be removably coupled
to the display case structure in any desired manner, such as, for
example, by providing inverted V-shaped notches 67 on the opposite
end walls of the return grilles 26 on the lower front section
panels 22 near the opposite lateral edges of the panels 22 which
may be hooked onto keeper shoulders 68, formed for example of right
angular sheet metal members 69 on the vertical partitions 50 or the
inner surfaces of the end wall 12.
* * * * *