Window Or Door

Abstract

The invention relates to a window or door with window wing or door wing and window case or door case made of plastics sections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the wing and case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin, in which the improvement resides in that a plurality of hinges is arranged along the sides, preferably along all sides of the window or door, comprising hinge pins guided in sleeves inserted in bores in the wing section or case section, respectively, which hinge pins by means of an electric drive may selectively be pushed out into the respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding case section or corresponding wing section and retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are pushed out on only one side of the window or door while at the same time the hinge pins on all other sides of the window or door are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when on more than one side of the window or door the hinge pins are pushed out, locks are formed. With this arrangement an excellent connection between the sections is achieved.

Description

The invention relates to a window or a door comprising a window wing or a door wing and a window case or door case made of plastics sections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the wing and the case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin.

Window wings and door wings and window cases and door cases made of plastics sections are produced either in one part or they are set together from a few parts that may easily be connected with each other. Their production needs little manual labor; the production course may easily be automated. Despite these advantages window and door wings and window and door cases made of plastics hardly ever were preferred to such made of wood or metal. The reason for this fact was to be found in their heavy construction necessitated by the high stresses owing to their dead weight and the wind pressure and the relatively small strength of the plastics material. This was particularly true for the highly stressed hinge parts and the adjoining areas of the power introduction from window wing or door wing to window case or door case.

Hinges are known which are arranged on one of the vertical sides and/or the lower or the upper horizontal side of a window or a door. These hinges are provided either with a pin that extends over the entire length of a side of the window or door or with several shorter pins. In window or doors which turn around but one axis the pin is or the pins are stationary, i.e., it or they cannot be displaced in the direction of their longitudinal extension. In windows or doors which may selectively be swung around different axes, so-called tilt and turn windows or doors, hinges are used which are provided with pins extending over the entire length of one side of the window or door. These pins may be displaced along their longitudinal extension by means of readjustment devices and can thus be brought into and out of engagement with a bore in the window or door case or in the window or door wing, respectively.

In window and door wings and window and door cases made of plastics, because of the relatively small strength of the used plastics material, as a rule hinges are used which provide a solid connection between the window or door wing and the window or door case over as great a part of the frame margin of the window or door wing as possible. Thus, the total stress is accommodated by several hinge parts so that the individual parts may be designed to be lighter. However, hinges extending over a great part of the frame margin of the window or door wing are rather expensive, in particular when the hinge pins may be displaced longitudinally by means of an expensive readjustment device, as is the case in the so-called tilt and turn windows or doors, respectively. Thus the advantage is lost which was gained by the lighter design of windows and doors owing to the continuous hinges.

The invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages and difficulties and at providing a solid connection between the window or door wing and the window or door case if possible over the entire length of the margin of the window or door wing. Further, it is a task of the invention to create a window or a door the hinges of which also serve for locking.

In a window or door of the kind defined in the introduction the invention resides in that a plurality of hinges are arranged along the sides, preferably along all sides, of the window or door, which hinges comprise hinge pins guided within sleeves inserted in bores in the wing section or case section, respectively, which hinge pins by means of an electric drive may selectively be engaged into the respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding case section or corresponding wing section and retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the window or the door while at the same time the hinge pins at all other sides of the window or the door are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when the hinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window or the door, locks are formed.

The hinge pin is suitably designed to be hollow and connected with a screw nut, a spindle engaging with said screw nut being arranged in the sleeve and driven by an electromotor.

The pin may also be connected with a spindle engaging with a nut which is arranged in the sleeve and driven by an electromotor.

Further, the pin may advantageously be actuated by an electromagnet.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention a plurality of hinges are arranged along all sides of the window or door. Thus, throughout the frame outline of the window or the door a solid connection is provided between the window or door wing and the window or door case. On those sides of the window or the door, on which no swinging axis is provided, the hinge pins serve for locking. With windows or doors which turn around one axis only, all hinge pins arranged outside the swinging axis have the function of locking. On principle, however, all hinge pins may function as swinging axes practically without any further expenses so that such a window or door with hinge pins arranged along the sides of the window or door may turn around axes given on all four sides. The hinge pins may be arranged at the window or door case or at the window or door wing.

Advantageously canals for accommodating cables for supplying electric current to the electric drives of the hinge pins are provided in the case section.

Preferably all hinge pins arranged on one side of the window or the door may be actuated by a common switch. Suitably the hinge pins arranged on different sides of the window or the door may be actuated by a common switch. The hinge pins arranged on one side of the window or the door remain at rest and form the swinging axis when all other hinge pins are actuated.

The switches may be built in in the case section in which, if desired, also openings for receiving batteries, transformers or the like, are provided.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood it shall now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a hinge pin which may be retracted into and pushed out of a sleeve,

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of vertical window case and frame (wing) sections,

FIG. 3 shows the two sections according to FIG. 2 in a perspective view of a part length,

FIG. 4 shows the front view of a window according to the invention, and in

FIGS. 5 and 6 two possible open positions are illustrated.

In FIG. 1 numeral 1 denotes the hinge pin and numeral 2 the sleeve of the hinge pin. The pin is provided with a continuous bore 3 which widens at its lower end for receiving a screw nut 4 which is rigidly connected with the pin 1. An electromotor 5 is built in the lower part of the sleeve 2 which motor drives a screw spindle 6 engaging with the screw nut 4. By actuating the motor 5, the pin 1 may easily be displaced within the sleeve 2 which closely surrounds the pin by means of guiding projections 7. The sleeve is provided at its upper end with a flange 8 having a key-like projection 9 for connection with the window case section 10 (FIGS. 2 and 3). The window case section 10 is of box type cross section and is provided at regular heigth distances with hinge parts 11 having a bore 12 for receiving the sleeve 2 of the hinge pin. Between the hinge parts 11 of the window case section arranged in spaced relationship to each other, the hinge parts 13 of the window frame section 14 to be connected with the window case section are fitted, which parts 13 are arranged at the same height distances as the hinge parts 11. In FIG. 2 the hinge part 11 illustrated in dash lines is covered by the hinge part 13. The hinge part 13 comprises a bore 15 for receiving the pin 1. In the window case section 10 canals 17 are arranged parallel to the bores 12 and connected with them by a slit 16; they serve for accommodating cables. The key-like projection 9 at the flange 8 of the sleeve 2 is fitted in the slit 16 so that the sleeves of the hinge pins are secured against rotation.

The horizontal window case sections and window frame sections are designed just as the vertical sections 10 and 14 illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate how the hinge and locking mechanism functions. The window 18 is mounted with its window frame section 14 in the window case section 10 by means of a plurality of hinge and locking elements, i.e., on each side, both on the horizontal and the vertical sides, of the window two such elements 13 are arranged which engage with corresponding elements 11 of the case section 10. As explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3, each hinge and locking element comprises a sleeve 2 and an axially movable pin which may be actuated by an electric drive and pushed out into a bore of a corresponding section and retracted therefrom.

FIG. 4 shows the window in closed position, in which all pins 1 are pushed out into the corresponding bores. In this case the window is locked on all sides. When the pins are retracted into their sleeves 2 on three sides and remain in locked position on the fourth side the window may be swung around the axis formed by these pins.

In FIG. 5 the pins of the lower horizontal side are in locked position. The window here has the function of a tilting window.

In FIG. 6 the pins of the right vertical side are in locked position so that a swinging axis is formed. The window thus has the function of a turn-wing window.

The respective pins are actuated by means of a group of switches which are built in the window case as indicated at 18, one switch being provided for the pins arranged on one window side. The hinge and locking mechanism according to the invention may in like manner be used for windows or doors comprising several wings in which case the hinge and locking mechanism is provided in analogous manner also at the central post.

The subsequent claims directed to a "window" are understood to read equally on doors of like construction.

Claims

What I claim is:

1. A window comprising in combination window wing and window case made of plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally connected with said wing and case, each of said hinges including a hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges being arranged along at least one side of the window, each hinge comprising a hinge pin guided in a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of said sections and operable by means of an electric drive to be selectively engaged into a respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding other section and retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the window while at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sides of the window are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when hinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks are formed.

2. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein the case section is provided with canals for accommodating cables for supplying electric current to said electric drives for the hinge pins.

3. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein hinge pins arranged on each side of the window are actuated by a common switch.

4. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein switches for actuating the pins are provided in the case section.

5. A window comprising in combination, window wing and window case made of plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally connected with such wing and case, each of said hinges including a hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges being arranged along at least one side of the window, each hinge comprising a hollow hinge pin guided in a sleeve inserted in a bore in one of said sections and operable by means of an electromotor drive to be selectively engaged into a respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding other section and retracted from said bore, said hollow hinge pin connected with a screw nut, a spindle engaging with said screw nut being arranged in the sleeve and driven by said electromotor drive, whereby when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the window while at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sides of the window are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when hinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks are formed.

6. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein said screw nut is disposed within said hollow hinge pin.

7. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein the hinge shell includes inner guiding projections for the pin.