U.S. patent number 3,686,635 [Application Number 05/151,460] was granted by the patent office on 1972-08-22 for integrated circuit decoder responsiver to two sequential tones, with group call provisions.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Motorola, Inc.. Invention is credited to Raymond J. Millington, John R. Rezek.
United States Patent |
3,686,635 |
Millington , et al. |
August 22, 1972 |
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DECODER RESPONSIVER TO TWO SEQUENTIAL TONES,
WITH GROUP CALL PROVISIONS
Abstract
Decoder circuit for use with two tone sequential calling signal,
which responds only to two tones of predetermined frequencies,
amplitudes, durations and time spacing. The circuit is constructed
in integrated circuit form with the components critical to the
timing of the tones provided as external components to facilitate
use of the decoder in different systems. The circuit includes a
series AND gate which actuates an alert tone output in response to
tones of the specified frequencies and time relationships. An
auxiliary circuit provides group call operation in response to a
single tone of long duration. The alert tone can be intermittent or
continuous and of different time durations.
Inventors: |
Millington; Raymond J. (Coral
Springs, FL), Rezek; John R. (Coral Springs, FL) |
Assignee: |
Motorola, Inc. (Franklin Park,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22538866 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/151,460 |
Filed: |
June 9, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/12.17;
340/14.1; 340/13.35 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W
88/027 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H04Q
7/16 (20060101); H04b 001/00 (); H04n 011/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/171,171A,171PF,312
;325/64 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Yusko; Donald J.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a tone decoder which responds to first and second tones of
different frequencies which are received sequentially, and wherein
the first and second tones are applied to first and second
terminals respectively, the combination including:
a first circuit connected to the first terminal including threshold
detector means for receiving the first tone, integration circuit
means including capacitor means, and first trigger circuit means,
said threshold detector means being coupled to said capacitor means
and causing the same to change its state of charge following
termination of the first tone so that the voltage thereacross
reaches a predetermined value at a given time following the
termination of the first tone, and said trigger circuit means being
coupled to said capacitor means and producing a first voltage pulse
in response to a voltage across said capacitor means of the
predetermined value;
a second circuit connected to the second terminal including
threshold detector means for receiving the second tone, and trigger
means coupled to said detector means and producing a second voltage
pulse in response to the second tone; and
And gate means including a first portion coupled to said first
circuit and a second portion coupled to said second circuit, said
AND gate means producing an output voltage in response to
simultaneous occurrence of said first and second voltage
pulses.
2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said first and second
circuits are adapted to operate from a supply voltage within the
range from 1 volt to 1.5 volts.
3. The combination of claim 2 wherein said capacitor means causes
said threshold detector to respond only to said first tone which
continues for a specified time, and acts to delay said first pulse
until after the termination of said first tone.
4. The combination of claim 1 wherein said first circuit, said
second circuit and said AND gate means are formed as a hybrid
module including an integrated circuit and a thick film base
therefor, and wherein said integration circuit means is formed by
discrete components external to said hybrid module.
5. The combination of claim 1 wherein said AND gate means includes
said first and second transistors connected in series, and further
including a control transistor coupled to said AND gate means and
operating in response to conduction of said first and second
transistors to provide said output voltage.
6. The combination of claim 5 further including latching circuit
means coupled to said control transistor and to said first circuit
means for causing said trigger circuit thereof to operate to
continue said first voltage pulse during the period of operation of
said control transistor.
7. The combination of claim 5 further including alert tone
generator means, and means coupling said control transistor to said
alert tone generator means for rendering the same operative.
8. The combination of claim 7 wherein said alert tone generator
means includes a plurality of amplifier stages each including a
transistor and a feedback circuit including a twin-T filter, and
wherein said transistors of said AND gate means, said control
transistor, and said transistors of said tone generator means are
provided on an integrated circuit which is supported on a thick
film base, and said twin-T filter is formed by components on said
thick film base.
9. The combination of claim 7 wherein said means coupling said
control transistor to said alert tone oscillator is an astable
multivibrator for providing intermittent operation of said alert
tone oscillator.
10. The combination of claim 9 wherein said astable multivibrator
has an element for controlling the timing thereof, and said first
circuit, said second circuit, said AND gate means, said alert tone
generator means, and said astable multivibrator are formed as a
hybrid module including an integrated circuit on a thick film base,
and said integrator means and said element for controlling the
timing of said astable multivibrator are formed as discrete
components external to said module.
11. The combination of claim 5 further including timer means
coupled to said control transistor and operating for a
predetermined time period after operation of said control
transistor, and means coupling said timer means to said AND gate
means for causing the same to produce said output voltage during
said predetermined time period.
12. The combination of claim 1 further including an auxiliary
circuit coupled to said second circuit for producing a third
voltage pulse in response to the second tone upon continuance
thereof for a given time period, and means coupling said auxiliary
circuit to said first circuit to apply said third voltage pulse to
said trigger means thereof to cause the same to produce said first
voltage pulse, whereby said gate means operates to produce said
output voltage in response to the second tone alone upon
continuance thereof for said given time period.
13. The combination of claim 12 wherein said auxiliary circuit
includes capacitor means, and means for changing the charge of said
capacitor means rendered operative in response to the second tone,
with the value of said capacitor means being related to said
charging means so that the voltage on said capacitor means reaches
a predetermined value upon continuation of the second tone for said
given time period, and switch means coupled to said capacitor means
and rendered operative in response to said capacitor means charging
to a voltage of said predetermined voltage to produce said third
voltage pulse.
14. The combination of claim 12 wherein said auxiliary circuit is
provided as a hybrid module including an integrated circuit and a
thick film base, and wherein said capacitor means is provided on
said thick film base.
15. The combination of claim 12 further including alert tone
generator means and astable multivibrator means coupling said
control transistor to said alert tone generator means for causing
intermittent operation thereof, and means coupling said auxiliary
circuit to said astable multivibrator means to disable the same in
response to operation of said auxiliary circuit, whereby said tone
generator means produces a continuous tone.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In various radio and paging systems, audio frequency tones have
been used to operate selective decoder devices to enable particular
receivers, or produce indications or alarms at particular
receivers. Although a single tone can be used for selective
operation in a simple system, to provide a larger number of calls a
plurality of tones may be used in various combinations. To provide
a relatively simple reliable system, two audio frequency tones in
sequence can be used. However, such a system is subject to falsing
as the two tones might appear in the transmission of voice or music
and unintentionally operate the decoder. To reduce this
possibility, the tones used can have particular time durations and
spacing and the decoder can exclude tones having different time
relationships. An example of such a system is described in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,465,294, issued Sept. 2, 1969 to Richard D. Carsello and
Richard E. Lundquist, and assigned to Motorola, Inc.
As the selective decoding devices may be used in small electronic
equipment, such as portable radio receivers and pagers, it is
necessary that these devices be provided in a small space, and
require a minimum of electrical power for energization. To meet
these requirements the decoder may be constructed in integrated
circuit form. However, in order to obtain the advantage of low cost
resulting from large volume production, it is desired that a
construction be used which is suitable for use in many different
applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved tone
decoder circuit for responding to two tones in sequence, and which
is not subject to false operation.
Another object of the invention is to provide a decoder circuit for
use with two sequential tones, which operates in response only to
tones having a particular time relation, and which is constructed
in integrated circuit form with the timing components provided
external to the integrated circuit.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a tone decoder
circuit for a miniature radio receiver which operates from low
battery voltage, and which operates satisfactorily over a range of
battery voltages.
A further object of the invention is to provide a decoder circuit
for operating in response to two sequential tones, and which is
also responsive to a group call which may be a single tone of
longer duration.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a decoder
circuit responsive to an individual call signal and also to a group
call signal, and which provides an interrupted alert tone in
response to the individual call signal and a continuous alert tone
in response to the group call signal.
In practicing the invention, a decoder circuit responsive to two
sequential tones for indicating a call at a pager, or other radio
receiver includes first and second tone filters for selecting two
specific tone frequencies. The tone filters may be active filters
which can be provided in integrated circuit form, or
electromechanical frequency selective devices. The tones from the
filters are applied to a decoder provided as a hybrid module
including an integrated circuit on a base which provides circuit
connections and additional circuit components. The decoder includes
a threshold detector for each tone which applies a voltage to an
integration circuit to shape the resulting control voltage. The
control voltages are processed and applied to a series AND gate
which is arranged to produce an output when the tones are received
in the correct sequence, with sufficient amplitudes, and with a
given spacing between the tones. Under such conditions, the series
AND gate is actuated to apply a signal to the tone alerting system.
The AND gate is latched so that it remains operative as long as the
second tone is received. A monostable circuit may also be provided
to hold the alert tone for a predetermined length of time after the
second tone stops. The tone alerting system includes a tone
oscillator and an astable circuit to pulse the oscillator so that
an intermittent tone is produced.
The decoder circuit may include a group call decoder section which
is coupled to the integration circuit of the second tone channel of
the two tone decoder. This section provides an input to the AND
gate in response to a second tone of sufficient time duration, in
place of the input provided by the first tone, to cause the tone
alerting system to operate. The group call section can interrupt
the astable circuit of the tone alerting system so that a
continuous tone is produced when the group call circuit operates.
The group call decoder can be provided as a hybrid module separate
from the two tone decoder module, or can be placed within the same
module as the two tone decoder.
The two tone decoder is designed to operate from a low battery
voltage, which can be in the range from 1.0 to 1.5 volts. The group
call decoder is also operable from such a voltage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the decoder of the invention
in a paging receiver or the like;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the decoder circuit provided as a
hybrid module including an integrated circuit on a thick film
base;
FIG. 3 is a set of curves illustrating the operation of the circuit
of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second hybrid module adapted to be
coupled to the module of FIG. 2 for group call operation.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is illustrated in block diagram form
a paging receiver including the decoder system of the invention.
Block 10 represents the receiver radio frequency and demodulator
stages, which may be of known construction. The receiver may be a
frequency modulation receiver of the superheterodyne type, with a
local oscillator and mixer for reducing the frequency to an
intermediate frequency. The demodulator derives the frequency
modulation from the intermediate frequency wave. The demodulator
output is applied to audio pre-amplifier 11 and to audio amplifier
12. For voice operation, the amplified audio signal is supplied
from the audio output stage of amplifier 12 to the speaker 13.
Paging tones are transmitted on the radio wave, and are applied
from the audio pre-amplifier 11 to the tone filters 15 and 16.
These filters may be active filters provided in integrated circuit
form, or electromechanical resonant devices, such as reed
selectors. The tone frequencies selected by the filters 15 and 16
are applied to the two tone sequential decoder 18 which produces an
audio alerting tone which is applied to input 14 of the audio
output stage 12 for reproduction by the loudspeaker 13. The decoder
18 can also provide a direct current control voltage to the
amplifier to provide squelch operation, as shown by the connection
17. A group call decoder 19 is coupled to the decoder 18 for
causing the same to produce the alerting tone in response to a
group call. The decoders 18 and 19 will be described in more detail
in connection with FIGS. 2 and 4.
As previously stated, the two tone sequential decoder of the
invention is illustrated as a hybrid module including an integrated
circuit on a thick film base. The circuit is shown in FIG. 2, with
the integrated circuit shown within the dashed lines, and the thick
film shown within the dot-dash lines. The terminals of the
integrated circuit are shown as triangles, and the terminals on the
thick film are shown as half circles. Components which are external
to the hybrid module are shown outside the dot-dash lines. The
circuit is designed to operate from a battery which in various
conditions of charge provides a voltage varying from 1.0 volt to
1.5 volts.
Considering now the circuit on FIG. 2, the A tone, passed by filter
15 of FIG. 1, is applied to input 20 which is connected to the
module terminal No. 1. The tone is passed through capacitor 22 on
the thick film to terminal No. 14 of the integrated circuit. The
tone is amplified by the stage including transistor 24, which is
normally conducting. With transistor 24 conducting, the voltage
applied from its collector to the base of transistor 25 is below
the turn on voltage of transistor 25, so that this transistor is
normally in a state of low conduction. When the tone signal applied
to the base of transistor 24 reaches a certain peak-to-peak
amplitude, the conductivity of transistor 24 is periodically
reduced to the extent that the voltage at its collector rises and
is sufficient to periodically turn on transistor 25. The circuit
arrangement of transistors 24 and 25 is such that a direct current
bias change is applied to transistor 25 to compensate for the
change in gain of transistor 24 due to a change in supply voltage.
This provides threshold stability with reference to change in the
low voltage direct current supply voltage.
The signal at the collector of transistor 25 is integrated by the
circuit including resistor 27 and capacitor 28. These elements are
provided outside the hybrid module so that they can be changed to
provide the desired time constant depending upon the duration and
spacing of the tones to be used in the system. Capacitor 28 is
charged toward B+ through resistor 27 when transistor 25 is in a
state of low conduction, and applies a voltage to the base of
transistor 30 to hold the same conducting. Transistor 30 is turned
off as capacitor 28 discharges through transistor 25, when it is
rendered conducting in response to the tone. At the termination of
the tone, capacitor 28 charges again through resistor 27 to provide
a voltage to the base of transistor 30 to turn it on again.
The collector of transistor 30 is coupled to the base of transistor
32 by capacitor 31, which is provided on the thick film. Transistor
32 is normally held conducting by the potential applied from B+
through resistor 33 to the base thereof. When transistor 30 is
rendered conducting after the termination of tone A, the transistor
30 grounds capacitor 31 so that heavy charging current is drawn
through resistor 33. This increases the voltage drop across
resistor 33 and drops the potential on the base of transistor 32 to
turn off this transistor. The collector of transistor 32 therefore
rises to a voltage approaching the B+ voltage. Transistor 32 is
turned off in this way for only a short time, determined by the
values of capacitor 31 and resistor 33.
Considering now the circuit for the B tone, this tone is applied
from the B tone filter 16 (FIG. 1) to input terminal 35, which is
connected to the terminal No. 12 of the thick film. The B tone is
applied through capacitor 36 to the terminal No. 8 on the
integrated circuit, which is connected to the tone amplifier
including transistor 38. The circuit including transistors 38 and
39 form a threshold detector which may be identical to that for the
A tone provided by transistors 24 and 25, and which has previously
been described. The collector of transistor 39 is connected to an
integrating circuit including resistor 40 and capacitor 41. This
integrating circuit may have a much shorter time constant than that
provided by resistor 27 and capacitor 28 for the A tone, as it is
not necessary to delay the B tone, as will appear shortly. The
voltage across capacitor 41 is applied to the base of transistor
42, which is normally conducting. The collector of transistor 42 is
therefore normally at a low voltage above ground, the saturation
voltage of transistor 42. When the tone is received and transistor
39 is rendered conducting, capacitor 41 discharges through
transistor 39 to turn-off transistor 42. The collector voltage of
transistor 42 therefore rises.
A series AND gate circuit is provided which is operated by the
action of the A tone trigger circuit including transistors 25 and
30 and the B tone trigger circuit including transistors 39 and 42.
The AND gate includes transistors 45 and 46 connected in series
with each other and with resistors 47 and 48 between the B+ supply
and ground. When transistor 32 is cut-off in response to the A
tone, so that a voltage pulse is developed at its collector,
transistor 45 will have a turn on bias applied to its base.
Similarly, when transistor 42 is cut-off by the B tone, so that a
voltage pulse is developed at its collector, transistor 46 will be
turned on. This completes the circuit path to transistor 45 so that
it will conduct. Accordingly, simultaneous trigger pulses produced
in response to the A and B tones will render the series circuit
including transistors 45 and 46 conducting so that current will
flow through resistors 47 and 48. The resistor 48 is much smaller
than resistor 47 so that the voltage applied to the base of
transistor 50 drops to a value causing transistor 50 to conduct.
Transistor 50 when conducting will apply the B+ potential to
terminal 17, which may be connected to the audio amplifier 12 of
FIG. 1, to turn on this amplifier. This potential also acts to turn
on the alert tone, as will be described.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the operation of the trigger circuits and
the AND gate are illustrated. Line a on FIG. 3 shows the tones
which are used in the system to provide the selecting operation.
Tone A is of a first frequency and may have a duration of the order
of one second. Tone B is of a second frequency and may have a time
duration of the order of three seconds. A short interval, which can
be of the order of 300 milliseconds, may be provided at the
termination of tone A prior to the start of tone B, but such an
interval is not essential to the operation of the decoder. Tones of
a wide range of frequencies can be used in the system described. In
some applications it is desirable to use frequencies in the range
of 50-200 cycles, below the frequencies needed for voice
reproduction. Higher frequencies extending above the audio
frequency range can also be used.
Line b shows the voltage at the collector of transistor 30. As
transistor 30 is normally conducting, the initial voltage will be
only slightly above ground, by the saturation voltage of the
transistor 30. Before tone A starts, capacitor 28 is charged. As
the tone continues, conduction of transistor 25 discharges
capacitor 28 until it reaches a value low enough to turn off
transistor 30. The time required for the capacitor to discharge to
this value is indicated on line b as b1. This time delay provides
protection against a false indication resulting from noise or voice
signals of short duration which may be present. When tone A
terminates, transistor 25 will turn off allowing capacitor 28 to
charge through resistor 27. When the capacitor charges to a certain
value, transistor 30 will again turn on. The time required for the
capacitor 28 to charge to a sufficient value to turn on transistor
30 is indicated in FIG. 3 by the time b2.
The operation of transistor 32 is illustrated by lines c and d in
FIG. 3. As previously stated, transistor 32 is normally conducting
because of the voltage applied to its base by resistor 33, which is
shown by line e. When transistor 30 turns off, the charge on
capacitor 31 will slightly increase the potential applied to the
base of transistor 32, as shown by the pulse c1 in line c. When
transistor 30 turns on again, a charging path is completed thereby
for capacitor 31 through resistor 33. This will cause a larger
voltage drop through resistor 33 to drop the voltage at the base of
transistor 32, as shown by c2 in line c of FIG. 3. This will drop
the voltage sufficiently to turn off transistor 32 so that its
collector voltage increases, as shown by line d. Normally the
collector voltage is at a low voltage above ground, being the
saturation voltage of the transistor 32. When transistor 32 turns
off, the voltage at its collector will rise sharply to the B+
voltage. This voltage drops at time d1, which is determined by
resistor 33 and capacitor 31. The dotted lines shown in c and d
indicate the condition when the B tone follows the A tone, as when
a page is received.
Curve e of FIG. 3 shows the operation of the B tone trigger
transistor 42. As has been described, this transistor is normally
conducting so that its collector is near the saturation voltage, as
shown. The time constant of the integrating circuit for the B tone
is adjusted so that transistor 42 will turn off ahead of the pulse
produced at the collector of the A tone transistor 32, which is
shown in line d of FIG. 3. Cut off of transistor 42 causes its
collector voltage to rise (e1) and this turns on transistor 46 of
the series AND gate. When transistor 32 turns off to render
transistor 45 conducting, the series circuit including transistors
45 and 46 will apply a voltage to the base of transistor 50 to turn
it on. The conduction of transistor 50 is illustrated by line f in
FIG. 3. This turns on the audio amplifier, as has been
described.
Returning to the circuit of FIG. 2, an astable multivibrator
circuit 51 is formed by transistors 52, 54 and 56. Transistor 58
selectively provides a conductive path to the three transistors 52,
54 and 56 to render the circuit operative. The base of transistor
58 is connected to the collector of transistor 50 through resistor
59. When transistor 50 turns on in response to the A and B tone
trigger voltages, transistor 58 is rendered conducting to enable
the transistors forming the astable multivibrator. The time period
of the multivibrator 51 is controlled by capacitor 53, which is
connected between the emitters of transistors 52 and 54. This
connection is made through terminals 5 and 7 of the thick film,
which are connected to terminals 5 and 7 of the integrated circuit.
The capacitor 53 is provided as an external component so that the
period of the multivibrator can be changed as desired.
The multivibrator 51 controls the alert tone oscillator 60 which is
formed by transistors 61, 62 and 63 and the twin-T filter 65. As
shown in the drawing, the transistors 61, 62 and 63 are provided by
the integrated circuit, and the twin-T filter 65 is provided on the
thick film. The astable multivibrator 51 controls the oscillator 60
through transistor 68, which functions as an inverter to turn the
alert tone oscillator on and off. The alert tone is applied from
the terminal No. 2 of the integrated circuit through capacitor 70
to terminal No. 4 of the thick film. The alert tone output may be
coupled to the audio amplifier 12 of the receiver, as shown in FIG.
1, for amplification and reproduction by a speaker 13. The action
of the alert tone oscillator is illustrated by line g in FIG.
3.
It is desired to hold the tone oscillator on for the period during
which the second or B tone is received. To do this, it is necessary
that both transistors 45 and 46 of the series gate be held
conducting to hold transistor 50 conducting. Transistor 46 will be
held conducting by the B tone trigger voltage from transistor 42.
However, as shown in FIG. 3, the A tone trigger transistor 32 will
be held cut-off for only a short period of time by the circuit
responding to the A tone. To hold transistor 32 cut-off for the
duration of the B tone, a latch circuit is provided which includes
transistor 72. Transistor 72 is rendered conducting when transistor
50 conducts, and causes the voltage through resistor 33 to drop to
a value to hold transistor 32 cut-off, so that transistor 45 will
remain conducting. The alert tone will therefore be provided as
long as the B tone is received. This is illustrated in FIG. 3 by
the period from d1 to d2 in line d, and by the corresponding period
in lines e, f and g.
In order to produce an indication that the pager is operating
properly, the circuit is arranged to actuate the alert tone
oscillator when the pager is turned on. Capacitor 29, which is
connected across the emitter and collector electrodes of transistor
30, will start to charge when the B+ potential is applied. This
acts to cut-off transistor 32 to provide the turn on bias for
transistor 45 of the series AND gate. Transistor 46 will also be
rendered conducting since the charging of capacitor 41 holds
transistor 42 cut-off so that current flows through the series
circuit including resistors 47 and 48 to turn on transistor 50.
This provides the B+ potential from the collector of transistor 50
to terminal 17 to turn on the audio amplifier, and will also turn
on the alert tone oscillator, as previously described. Transistor
50 will remain conducting for only a short time, the duration being
controlled by the time constant of resistor 40 and capacitor
41.
It may be desired to hold the alert tone oscillator operative for a
period of time after the termination of the second or B tone. To
provide such operation, a monostable multivibrator is provided on
the integrated circuit chip. This includes transistors 74, 75, 76
and diode connected transistor 77. Capacitor 80 is connected from
the collector of transistor 50 through integrated circuit terminal
No. 10 and thick film terminal No. 9, and is connected to the base
of transistor 74 through thick film terminal No. 6 and integrated
circuit terminal No. 6. Capacitor 80 is initially discharged and
when transistor 50 turns on, the voltage at the collector of
transistor 50 is applied to the base of transistor 74. Transistors
74 and 75 share the current source provided by transistor 76. When
the voltage applied to the base of transistor 74 exceeds the
reference voltage at the base of transistor 75, the conduction will
shift to transistor 74, cutting off transistor 75. Cut-off of
transistor 75 will cause its collector voltage to rise and this
voltage is connected to the base of transistor 82 to render the
same conducting. Transistor 82 is connected in parallel with
transistor 46 and cooperates with transistor 45 to form the series
AND gate to hold the transistor 50 conducting. Inasmuch as
transistor 45 is held conducting through the latch circuit
including transistor 72, the gate circuit will remain conducting
until transistor 82 is turned off. Capacitor 80 will charge as
transistor 74 conducts, so that the voltage applied to the base of
transistor 74 will fall below the voltage required to hold
transistor 74 conducting to terminate the period of the alert tone
oscillator. This additional period of alert tone is shown by the
period from f2 to f3 in line f of FIG. 3, and by the corresponding
period in line g. The audio amplifier will also be held operative
during this period by the voltage at terminal No. 17. The use of
transistor 76 in the emitter circuit of transistor 74 causes the
impedance at the terminal No. 6 to be very high so that a long time
interval can be easily obtained.
In FIG. 2, the connections of the group call decoder 19 to the two
tone sequential decoder circuits are shown. The complete circuit
diagram of the group call decoder is shown in FIG. 4, with the same
terminal numbers being used. The group call decoder is also
illustrated as constructed as a hybrid module with an integrated
circuit provided on a thick film base.
Input terminal No. 5 of the group call module of FIG. 4 is
connected to terminal No. 8 of the decoder module in FIG. 2. When
the B tone is not received, a voltage is applied from terminal No.
5 to terminal No. 1 of the group call integrated circuit. This
voltage is applied through resistor 85 to the base of transistor 86
in the group call circuit to hold this transistor conducting. This
provides a conducting path for transistor 87, the collector of
which is connected to B+ through resistors 88 and 89. Transistors
86 and 87 are connected in shunt across capacitor 90, which is
connected in series with resistors 88 and 89 between the B+
potential and ground. When the B tone signal is received, the
voltage applied to the input of the group call decoder drops, and
transistor 86 is cut-off. This opens the shunting path through
transistors 86 and 87 across capacitor 90. Capacitor 90 previously
held at a starting voltage determined by the collector voltage of
transistor 87, starts to charge through resistors 88 and 89, and
the voltage across capacitor 90 is applied between the base and
emitter of transistor 91. When capacitor 90 charges to a sufficient
voltage, it turns on transistor 91, and this causes the collector
voltage of transistor 91 to drop. This collector voltage is applied
to the base of transistor 92, and when the voltage drops it turns
transistor 92 off. When transistor 92 turns off, its collector
voltage rises, and this voltage is applied to the base electrodes
of transistors 94 and 95 to turn on these two transistors.
The collector electrode of transistor 94 is connected through
terminal No. 5 of the group call integrated circuit and terminal
No. 2 of the group call module to terminal No. 10 of the two tone
decoder module and through terminal No. 11 of the integrated
circuit to the base of transistor 32. This grounds the base of
transistor 32 to turn off this transistor so that its collector
voltage rises to turn on transistor 45 of the series AND gate.
Since the B tone is being received, transistor 46 of the AND gate
will be on, and turn on of transistor 45 will operate the AND gate
to render transistor 50 conducting. This will cause the astable to
actuate the alert tone oscillator, as previously described.
The collector electrode of transistor 95 is connected through the
group call integrated circuit terminal No. 6, resistor 96 and group
call module terminal No. 3, and through terminals No. 7 of the two
tone decoder to the emitter of transistor 52 of the astable
multivibrator. This voltage interrupts the astable so that it will
not pulse the alert tone oscillator, and the tone oscillator will
produce a continuous alert tone. Accordingly, a group call is
obtained by applying the B tone alone for a longer time interval
than for a normal paging call, such as for five seconds, and the
group call decoder will cause the series AND gate to operate to
turn on the alert tone oscillator. As the oscillator operates
continuously, a group call can be distinguished from an individual
call.
The time constant of capacitor 90 and resistors 88 and 89 is such
that the voltage across capacitor 90 is not sufficient to turn on
transistor 91 until the tone has been applied for a time, such as
five seconds, so that it will not be triggered by a normal page.
This prevents operation of the group call circuit by the B tone
alone in a normal individual page. The time duration of the B tone
for a group call is made stable in the presence of supply voltage
variations by offsetting changes in charging time due to variation
in the supply voltage by changes in the initial voltage across
capacitor 90. This eliminates the need for an excessively long
group call tone transmission thus conserving on channel usage.
The decoder circuit which has been described has been found to be
highly stable and provides the operations required for use in a
miniature paging receiver. Since it is constructed as a hybrid
module including an integrated circuit, the decoder, the alert tone
oscillator, and the controls therefore can all be provided by a
very small unit. The two tone decoder can be used alone or with the
group call decoder.
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