U.S. patent number 3,683,982 [Application Number 05/054,433] was granted by the patent office on 1972-08-15 for sawmill method.
Invention is credited to Harold A. Pryor.
United States Patent |
3,683,982 |
Pryor |
August 15, 1972 |
SAWMILL METHOD
Abstract
Sawmill methods are provided including automatic log turning
methods in combination with improved non-defacing gripping
techniques. A pair of gripping arms engage a log on a headblock at
oppositely located points adjacent the vertical portion of the
headblock so as to be offset with respect to the center of a log.
After a first saw cut, the upper gripping arm is removed and the
lower gripping arm is raised to rotate the saw log. In a further
aspect of the method, a projecting bumper is provided in the
vertical portion of the headblock between the log and the upper
released gripping arm to assist in turning the log.
Inventors: |
Pryor; Harold A. (Woodville,
TX) |
Family
ID: |
21991029 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/054,433 |
Filed: |
July 13, 1970 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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729050 |
May 14, 1968 |
3566933 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
144/378 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B27B
29/085 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B27B
29/00 (20060101); B27B 29/08 (20060101); B27b
001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;144/312
;143/97,100,101,104,105,118,125R,125A,126R,126A,103,104 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Juhasz; Andrew R.
Assistant Examiner: Coan; James F.
Parent Case Text
This application is a division of my copending application, Ser.
No. 729,050, filed May 14, 1968, for "Improved Sawmill Apparatus",
and now U.S. Pat. No. 3566933.
Claims
What Is Claimed Is:
1. A method of converting a saw log or the like into a four-sided
generally rectangular cant, comprising
rolling said saw log onto a horizontal supporting surface and into
abutting engagement with a vertically arranged stop,
gripping said saw log at a first pair of upper and lower points on
the curved surface of said log adjacent said stop,
slicing a first longitudinal portion from the curved side of said
saw log opposite said stop to provide said saw log with a first
flat surface parallel with and opposite to said stop,
disengaging said saw log at said first upper point thereon,
applying an upwardly thrusting force to said saw log at said first
lower point thereon tending to lift said saw log into sliding
engagement at a first diversion point on its upper surface to
rotate said saw log approximately 90.degree. in a direction to turn
said first flat surface under said saw log and onto said supporting
surface, and
regripping said saw log at a second pair of different upper and
lower points on the curved surface of said saw log adjacent said
stop.
2. The method described in claim 1, including the step of
slicing a second longitudinal portion from the curved side of said
saw log opposite said stop to provide said saw log with a second
flat surface parallel with and opposite said stop and at
substantially a 90.degree. angle relative to said first flat
surface,
thereafter disengaging said saw log at said second upper point
thereon,
applying an upward thrusting force to said saw log at said second
lower point thereon tending to lift said saw log into sliding
engagement at a second diversion point on its upper surface to
rotate said saw log approximately 90.degree. in a direction to turn
said first flat surface into confrontation with said stop and said
second flat surface under said saw log and onto said supporting
surface, and
regripping said saw log at a third pair of upper and lower points
on said saw log adjacent the opposite edges of said first flat
surface thereof.
3. The method described in claim 2, including the step of
slicing a third longitudinal portion from the curved side of said
saw log opposite said stop to provide said saw log with a third
flat surface parallel with and opposite said stop and at
substantially a 90.degree. angle relative to said second flat
surface,
thereafter disengaging said saw log at said third upper point
thereon,
applying an upward thrusting force to said saw log at said third
lower point thereon tending to lift said saw log into sliding
engagement at a third diversion point on its upper surface to
rotate said saw log approximately 90.degree. in a direction to turn
said second flat surface into confrontation with said stop and said
third flat surface under said saw log and onto said supporting
surface, and
regripping said saw log at a fourth pair of upper and lower points
on said saw log adjacent the opposite edges of said second flat
surface thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
This invention relates to improved sawmill methods for handling saw
logs, and more particularly relates to improved methods for
gripping and turning saw logs during the production of lumber.
It is well known that trees are cut down and stripped of their
branches to form saw logs, and that the saw logs are thereafter
subdivided longitudinally into rectangular portions commonly
referred to as boards or planks. In a sawmill the basic equipment
includes the saw and the sawmill carriage. The saw may be any
suitable cutting mechanism, except that it is usually stationary.
However, the sawmill carriage is usually composed of a reciprocally
movable device for carrying a log longitudinally to and from the
saw, and usually includes a plurality of spaced-apart stops or
headblocks each having a pair of pincers for gripping the log.
The saw log is usually rolled down an inclined plane to come to
rest on the carriage. The headblocks keep the log from rolling
completely over and past the carriage, and also function to grip
the log to keep it in a fixed or rigid posture as the carriage is
moved toward and past the saw. After the saw has passed
longitudinally through the log to cut off an initial slice, the
carriage is returned to its original location, the pincers are
disengaged, and the log or "cant", as it is then called, is rotated
either manually or by separate log-turning devices until it rests
on its flat side and against the headblocks. Thereafter, the cant
is gripped by the pincers in each headblock assembly, and the
carriage is again moved past the saw to cut off another slice.
After the carriage is again retracted, the pincers are again
disengaged, and the cant is again rotated until it rests on one
flat side with the other flat side closely abutting the face of
each headblock. Thereafter, the cant is again gripped by the
pincers, and the carriage may then be moved repeatedly towards and
away from the saw, with the headblocks each being stepped forward
in unison a preselected distance after each carriage return, until
the cant has been completely sliced into boards.
Although the sawmill carriages and log turners now in use have
enjoyed wide acceptance by the industry, it is nevertheless a fact
that the equipment now in use incorporates a number of
disadvantages. For example, it is usually necessary that the saw
logs be delivered in random to the carriage, and thus the logs may
vary over a relatively wide range of diameters. Accordingly, many
headblocks are provided with a lower or upwardly-engaging pincer
and two or more spaced-apart upper or downwardly-engaging pincers,
whereby logs of different diameters may be effectively gripped. The
upper pincers or teeth are usually spring-loaded to be pushed into
the headblock by the abutting surface of the log, but this
necessitates that the cant be rotated 270.degree., after each of
the two initial cuts, to avoid engaging one of the upper pincers
during rotation of the cant.
Another adverse feature of the headblocks of the prior art is that
the pincers or teeth are substantially movable only in a vertical
direction. Thus, the teeth tend to bite into the "backing board,"
(the portion of the log or plank remaining in the pincers after the
sawing operation has been completed) rather than to grip the board
at its edges, and this defaces or damages a board which might
otherwise be saleable.
It has long been desired to combine the log turning function with
the headblock equipment. Due to the necessity for rotating the cant
270.degree. during each rotation, however, it has been necessary to
locate the log turner on the opposite side of the cant from the
headblocks. Accordingly, the log turners of the prior art must be
separate from the headblocks, and some must be operated separately
by different personnel.
Another disadvantage of the headblocks in the prior art is that it
is desirable, if not essential, that the square corner of the cant
be closely positioned in the corner of the headblock, after the
second of the two initial cuts is made. Since the pincers or teeth
of these headblocks are selectively movable in generally only a
vertical direction, this necessitates that the cant be manually
urged into position prior to being sawed into boards. The operator
of the conventional log turning equipment is generally assigned to
this task, and thus this specific operation does not usually
require additional personnel. However, the necessity for manually
performing this step has tended to suppress a demand by the
industry that the log turning equipment be incorporated into the
the headblocks.
These disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by the present
invention, and improved sawmill methods are provided for performing
both the gripping the log turning operations hereinbefore
described.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
As will hereinafter be explained in detail, a preferred embodiment
of the present invention includes an improved sawmill carriage
having a conventional carrying frame supporting a plurality of
headblocks each having a plurality of arcuately movable dogging
pincers or teeth and a bumper arm. More particularly, each of the
two teeth is mounted on an arm which is pivotally mounted at a
location which is selectively shiftable within limits, whereby the
teeth may be selectively extended and retracted as well as urged
together and apart.
The pivot points of the tooth arms are preferably spaced apart a
preselected distance functionally related to the length of the
arms, and are preferably at opposite ends of an equalizer bar or
strap which is pivotally connected to a suitable actuator for
horizontal movement. Locking means is preferably included for
fixing the upper tooth in a raised and retracted position, whereby
the lower arm may be raised independently to rotate the cant only
90.degree. to position it on a flat surface. When the upper arm is
in this locked position, a bumper arm is preferably extended to aid
or facilitate rotation of the log.
Accordingly, it is a feature of the present invention to provide
improved saw log gripping and rotating methods.
It is another feature of the present invention to provide improved
methods for handling and supporting a saw log during sawing
operations.
It is also a feature of the present invention to provide improved
log turning methods for rotating a cant through an angle not
substantially greater than 90.degree. to rest the cant on its flat
side, or 180.degree. to rest cants flat side on front face of
knee.
DRAWINGS
These and other features and advantages of the present invention
will be apparent from the following detail description, wherein
reference is made to the figures in the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation, partly in cross section, of
an exemplary form of sawmill carriage which can be used in the
method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a pictorial representation, partly in cross section, of a
portion of the apparatus depicted in FIG. 1, and more particularly
includes an illustration of suitable vertical guide means for the
upper and lower dogging or gripping teeth.
FIG. 3 is a simplified functional representation of the apparatus
illustrated in FIG. 1, wherein the teeth are depicted in their
expanded and partially retracted position for receiving a saw
log.
FIG. 4 is another representation of the apparatus depicted in FIG.
3, wherein a saw log has been deposited on the carriage, and
wherein the teeth are spread and extended preparatory to gripping
the saw log.
FIG. 5 is a further representation of the apparatus depicted in
FIGS. 3--4, wherein the extended teeth have been urged into
gripping engagement with the saw log.
FIG. 6 is another representation of the apparatus depicted
generally in FIGS. 3-5, wherein one side of the saw log has been
cut off to produce a cant, and wherein the upper tooth arm has been
raised and locked in a fully retracted and raised position and a
bumper arm has been extended.
FIG. 7 is another further representation of the apparatus depicted
in FIGS. 3--6, wherein the lower arm has been lifted to raise the
engaged side of the cant, and wherein the cant is illustrated as
having been pushed upward against the extended bumper arm and
thereafter been rotated approximately 90.degree. to rest on its
aforementioned flat side.
FIG. 8 is another representation of the apparatus depicted in FIG.
3-7, wherein the cant has been fully sawed into planks or boards,
and illustrating the backing board being gripped by the teeth in a
non-defacing manner.
FIG. 9 is a pictorial representation, partly in cross section, of
the locking mechanism depicted in FIG. 1 during locking engagement
with the upper arm.
FIG. 10 is a different pictorial representation, partly in cross
section, of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of a suitable actuating
system for operating the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to FIG. 1, there may be seen an exemplary embodiment
of apparatus incorporating various features and concepts for
performing the method of the present invention, and being more
particularly an improved sawmill carriage assembly 6 including a
plurality (usually three knees or headblock assemblies 6A (only one
depicted) slidably mounted in spaced-apart relationship on a
conventional base to receive and support a saw log as will
hereinafter be explained in detail. The base illustrated in FIG. 1,
may be composed of a plurality of spaced-apart base members 7 only
one being depicted) which, in turn, may be supported on a pair of
longitudinal frame members 8 having wheels 9 conventionally adapted
to engage and ride on suitable rails (not depicted), whereby the
carriage assembly 6 may be reciprocally moved to and from a
rotating or moving saw blade (not depicted). As further illustrated
in FIG. 1, the headblock assembly 6A may be provided with one or
more guides 56 for slidably engaging a skid bar 53 or other
suitable means located on the upper side of the base member 7,
whereby the headblock assembly 6A may be shifted preselected
distances or steps along the skid bar 53 by suitable driving means
such as a pinion drive gear 25 rotatably actuated by any suitable
source of power and disposed traversely in the base member 7 to
engage a suitable rack 26 connected fixedly to the frame of the
headblock assembly 6A. In addition, movement of the headblock
assembly 6A may be limited in one direction along the skid bar 53
by a suitable stop or bracket 61, as will hereinafter be explained
in detail. Alternatively, movement toward the saw blade may be
limited by suitable means such as a stop rod 23 located to engage a
rattail 22 or other suitable portion of the headblock assembly
6A.
Each headblock assembly 6A may, as illustrated in FIG. 1, be
provided with a suitable structural framework composed, for
example, of frame braces 48 and 49, a support brace 55, and other
suitable members such as the channel member 88 and a pair of
vertical channel members (only one depicted) which will hereinafter
be referred to as roller guides 12. A suitable dust cover 28 and
facing plate 27 may also be included as illustrated in FIG. 1.
As will hereinafter be explained in detail, the illustrated
apparatus is preferably arranged to receive a saw log 80 which may
be rolled on to and against the skid bar 53 and into abutting
relationship with the facing plate 27 as illustrated in FIG. 4.
Upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 may then be extended
outwardly through a vertical slot in the facing plate 27, and then
moved together in the manner of pincers to grip the saw log 80
during reciprocal movement of the carriage assembly 6 to and from
the saw blade.
Referring more particularly to FIG. 1, the lower tooth arm assembly
4 may be provided with a suitable lower tooth 5 at one end adjacent
a lower roller 11, and may be pivotally connected at the other end
to the rattail 22 and one end of an equalizer bar 14 by pivot pin
21. In addition, the lower tooth arm assembly 4 may be supported at
a selected point along its length by a dogging actuator 29, which
may be composed of a pneumatic cylinder 30 and piston arm 31
pivotally linked to the lower tooth arm assembly 4 by a suitable
clevis 32 and clevis pin 33.
The upper tooth arm assembly 2 may be seen to be provided with a
suitable upper tooth 3 mounted adjacent an upper roller 10 for
downwardly engaging the saw log 80, and pivotally connected at the
other end to the other end of the equalizer bar 14 by pivot pin 20.
In addition, a connection arm 35 is pivotally attached at one end
to the upper tooth arm assembly 2 b pivot pin 36, and at its other
end to the upper end of the pneumatic cylinder 30 and one end of a
hinge bar 50 by pivot pin 37. The hinge bar 50, in turn, is
pivotally secured at its other end to the frame of the headblock
assembly 6A, by pivot pin 79 which is fixedly secured to the
junction of frame braces 48 and 49, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
The upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 may be moved
horizontally to and from the facing plate 27 by a suitable tooth
positioning actuator 15 composed of a pneumatic cylinder 17
pivotally secured at one end to a convenient portion of the
aforementioned frame by means of a pivot pin 78 mounted in the
bracket 77 illustrated. A suitable piston shaft 16 and eye link 54
may be pivotally attached to the middle portion of the equalizer
bar 14 by a pivot pin 19. An additional hinge bar 51, which is
preferably of substantially the same length as hinge bar 50, may be
pivotally interconnected at one end to pivot pin 79 and at the
other end to pivot pin 19.
As will be apparent, pivot pins 79 and 78 function as the axes of
movement of the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 by the
dogging actuator 29 and the tooth positioning actuator 15. More
particularly, the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 are
caused to be moved selectively horizontally, for the purpose of
extending and retracting the upper and lower teeth 3 and 5 through
a vertical slot in the facing plate 27, by means of air pressure
supplied selectively through pneumatic hoses 18 and 52 to the
cylinder 17. In other words, when air pressure is received by the
pneumatic cylinder 17 through hose 52 (hose 18 then functioning as
an exhaust or return line), the upper and lower teeth 3 and 5 may
be thrust outwardly through the slot in the facing plate 27 by the
driving force supplied by the piston arm 16 through the equalizer
bar 14 to the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4.
Alternatively, when pneumatic pressure is routed through pneumatic
hose 18 to the pneumatic cylinder 17 (hose 52 then providing
pneumatic return or exhaust), the piston shaft 16 will retract the
upper and lower teeth 3 and 5 by pulling the equalizer bar 14
toward the pneumatic cylinder 17.
On the other hand, it will be seen that when pneumatic pressure is
supplied through pneumatic hose 34 to the pneumatic cylinder 30
(the hose 38 functioning as a return or exhaust line, the piston
arm 31 and cylinder 30 will be driven together to correspondingly
close the upper and lower teeth 3 and 5. Alternatively, when
pneumatic pressure is routed to the cylinder 30 through pneumatic
hose 38, (hose 34 then acting as the exhaust or return line) the
piston arm 31 and cylinder 30 will be driven apart to
correspondingly separate the upper and lower teeth 3 and 5.
Although the teeth 3 and 5 are thrust in and out of the slot in the
facing plate 27 by the tooth positioning actuator 15, as
hereinbefore explained, it should be noted that horizontal movement
or travel of the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 is
limited by roller guide 12 located in a vertical position
immediately behind the facing plate 27 and adapted to engage the
upper and lower rollers 10 and 11. Referring now to FIG. 2, the
roller guide 12 may be seen to desirably be composed of a pair of
channel members arranged to confront each other for the purpose of
enclosing the upper and lower rollers 10 and 11, and preferably
spaced apart to provide a gap aligned with the aforementioned
vertical slot in the facing plate 27 to permit vertical and
horizontal movement of the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2
and 4 as hereinbefore explained.
Referring more particularly to FIG. 2, it may be seen that the
upper roller 10 may be composed of a pair of coaxially supported
roller wheels mounted on each side of the upper tooth arm assembly
2, whereby each of the roller wheels engages the adjacent one of
the channels forming the roller guide 12. Similarly, the lower
roller 11, which is not visible in FIG. 2, may be also composed of
a similar pair of roller wheels also coaxially mounted on the lower
tooth arm assembly 4.
As indicated in FIG. 1, the lower tooth arm assembly 4 may be
composed of a single strap member. However, it is desirable that
the dogging actuator 29 be located directly between the upper and
lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4. Accordingly, it may be seen in
FIG. 2 that it is desirable for the upper tooth arm assembly 2 to
be composed of a pair of spaced-apart upper tooth arms 74 and 75
which join together in the manner of a fork adjacent the upper
tooth 3 and upper roller 10, and which are fixedly connected at
their rearward ends (see FIG. 1) to a spacing bar 104, whereby the
pneumatic cylinder 30 may be located between the tooth arms 74 and
75 so as not to interfere with either vertical or horizontal
movement of the upper tooth arm assembly 2. A link strap 76, which
is preferably pivotally connected at one end to the pivot pin 20,
is preferably fixedly secured at its other end to the middle of the
aforementioned spacing bar 104 whereby movement of the equalizer
bar 14 may be transmitted to the upper tooth arms 74 and 75.
As will hereinafter be apparent, the pivot pin 78 in bracket 77
constitutes one of the main supporting or axis locations in the
assembly illustrated in FIG. 1. More particularly, hinge bar 51 may
be seen to be pivotally attached at its opposite end to pivot pin
79 which is attached to the ends of conjoining frame braces 48 and
49, and is further pivotally attached by pivot pin 79 to one end of
another similar hinge bar 50. The other end of the second hinge bar
50 may be seen to be pivotally connected by pivot pin 37 to the
upper end of the dogging actuator 29 (pneumatic cylinder 30) and
also to the upper end of a connecting arm 35 which, in turn, is
pivotally attached at its lower end to the upper tooth arm assembly
2 by means of pivot pin 36. Accordingly, pivot pin 79 may be seen
to provide another supporting axis in the assembly illustrated in
FIG. 1.
As hereinbefore stated, the pinion gear drive 25 and rack 26
provides means for shifting the headblock assembly 6A along the
skid bar 53 in the direction of the upper and lower teeth 3 and 5 a
distance determined or limited by the position of the stop rod 23.
It is desirable, however, that means be provided for fairly prompt
retraction of the headblock assembly 6A after the log has been
completely divided, and thus a suitable retractor 57 may be
provided, which may include a pair of pneumatic cylinders 58 (only
one being illustrated) each having a single input port connected to
a pneumatic hose 59, and each having a suitable piston arm 60 (only
one being illustrated) which may be connected to bracket 61 by
means of retaining nuts 62 and 63.
As may be seen, pneumatic pressure may be supplied through a
pneumatic hose 59 to the pneumatic cylinder 58, and applied to a
piston head therein (not depicted) to shift or drive the pneumatic
cylinder 58 (and the headblock assembly 6A) towards the bracket 61.
Accordingly, as the headblock assembly 6A may be shifted in
discrete steps away from bracket 61 by suitable power means (not
depicted) connected to the pinion gear drive 25, the headblock
assembly 6A will also pull the pneumatic cylinder 58 along the
piston arm 60 against the regulated pneumatic pressure trapped
between the piston head (not depicted and the end of the pneumatic
cylinder 58 to which the pneumatic hose 59 is attached, until the
rattail 22 catches the stop rod 23. When it is desired to return
the headblock assembly 6A to its original location adjacent the
bracket 61, power may be disengaged from the pinion gear drive 25
(and suitable rachet means, not depicted, may be disengaged,
whereupon the pneumatic pressure inside the pneumatic cylinder 58
will act as a released spring driving the pneumatic cylinder 58 and
headblock assembly 6A rearwardly on the base member 7 to the
bracket 61.
Referring again to the structural details of the headblock assembly
6A, there may be seen a suitable bumper arm 13 rotatably mounted on
a suitable pin 39, and secured thereto by any convenient means such
as a cotter pin 73, whereby one end of the bumper arm 13 may be
extended rotatably outward of the headblock assembly 6A when its
other end is raised by means of a suitable bumper actuator 42. As
illustrated, the bumper actuator 42 may be composed of a suitable
pneumatic cylinder 43 having its upper end secured to the frame
brace 48 or some other suitable portion of the frame of the
headblock assembly 6A, by means of a pivot pin 47, and may further
include a suitable piston arm 44 slidably mounted in the cylinder
43 with a clevis 41 attached to the opposite end of the bumper arm
13 by means of clevis pin 40. As depicted, the bumper arm 13 is
retracted within the headblock assembly 6A, when pneumatic pressure
is applied through pneumatic hose 46 to the pneumatic cylinder 43
to extend the piston arm 44. Alternately, bumper arm 13 is extended
when pneumatic pressure is applied to the cylinder 43 through
pneumatic hose 45, (pneumatic hose 46 then functioning as the
return line) to retract the piston arm 44 within the pneumatic
cylinder 43.
As hereinbefore stated, the roller guide 12 may be composed of a
pair of confronting but spaced-apart channel members arranged to
substantially enclose the upper and lower rollers 10 and 11, as
illustrated in FIG. 2, to restrict horizontal movement of the upper
and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4. It may be seen in FIG. 1
that flange portions of the channels are convergingly deformed at
the upper end of the roller guide 12, and that is upper portion
slopes backward away from the facing plate 27, whereby the upper
tooth arm assembly 2 is fully retracted when fully elevated for
rotation of the saw log 80 or cant 80A, as will hereinafter be
explained in detail. In addition, the rearward flange portion of
each of the channel members composing the roller guide 12 may, at
the lower end of each channel member, be formed in a rearward
sloping or step manner. This provides for retardation of upward
movement of the lower tooth 5, during downward travel of the upper
tooth 3, when the upper and lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 are
pulled together to grip the saw log 80.
The purpose of this is to make certain that the saw log 80 is
actually seized by the teeth 3 and 5, and is not merely knocked
away by the movement of the tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4. If the
lower tooth 5 is permitted to engage the saw log 80 prior to
engagement by the upper tooth 3, the engaging lower tooth 5 will
tend to kick the saw log 80 up and out of range of the downwardly
moving upper tooth 3. On the other hand, if the upper tooth 3
drives into the surface of the saw log 80 ahead of the lower tooth
5, the saw log 80 will merely be driven more firmly downward
against the skid bar 53 upon which it rests.
In the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, the upper tooth arm
assembly 2 may be capable of being retained in a retracted and
raised configuration within the headblock assembly 6A. Accordingly,
a suitable locking means 72 may be provided which is composed of a
locking actuator 64 and locking means 72. Referring now to FIG. 9
and 10, there may be seen more detailed illustrations of these
components, wherein the locking actuator 64 may include a suitable
pneumatic cylinder 65 having pneumatic hoses 67 and 68 for
alternately providing pneumatic power and return, and also having a
suitable piston arm 69 having a clevis 70 rotatably connected by a
clevis pin 71 to the locking means 72. The pneumatic cylinder 65
may be further seen to be attached to a suitable bracket 66 by
means of a pivot pin 84 or other convenient connecting means, for
the purpose of permitting arcuate movement of the cylinder 65. The
locking means 72 may, as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 9 and 10, be
composed of a pair of stop arms 83 fixedly attached in a
spaced-apart manner to a rocker bar 86. A suitable lever 85, which
is pivotally attached at one end to the clevis 70 by the clevis pin
71, may be fixedly secured at its other end to the central portion
of the rocker bar 86. The rocker bar 86 may be rotatably supported
by a suitable bearing 87 mounted on a convenient portion of the
frame work of the headblock assembly 6A, such as on the channel
member 88, whereby longitudinal movement of the piston arm 69 may
be translated by the lever 85 into arcuate movement of the stop
arms 83.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 9 and 10, the free traveling ends of the
stop arms 83 are preferably inwardly rounded to provide for
convenient engagement with the pivot pin 37. Accordingly, when
pneumatic power is applied through hose 67 to the cylinder 65 (hose
68 then functioning as a return or exhaust line), the piston arm 69
will be extended to rotate the stop arms 83 arcuately toward and
into locking engagement with the surface of the pivot pin 37, when
the upper tooth arm assembly 2 is raised to its maximum elevation
by the dogging actuator 29. In this configuration, the stop arms 83
prevent the upper tooth arm assembly 2 from being lowered until the
piston arm 69 is retracted into the pneumatic cylinder 65, by the
application of pneumatic power through the hose 68 (hose 67 then
acting as the return or exhaust line).
Referring now to FIG. 11, there may be seen a schematic
representation of a suitable pneumatic system for controlling
apparatus of the character illustrated in FIG. 1. More
particularly, pneumatic pressure may be received form any suitable
supply such as a conventional air compressor (not depicted),
through line 89 and a conventional lubricator 90, and thence
through line 94 to a pressure regulator 91A, whereby pneumatic
pressure is continually provided at a suitable pressure such as 45
psig. The dogging actuator 29, which includes a pneumatic cylinder
30 and piston arm 31, as hereinbefore explained, may include a
suitable cock or valve 92 electrically actuable by a conventional
solenoid 93 for routing pneumatic pressure from the regulator 91A
to the cylinder 30 by either hose 34 or 38. The valve 92 may be
either normally open or normally closed, for purposes of the
apparatus illustrated herein.
It should be noted that the apparatus must be capable of receiving
and handling saw logs having a variety of different diameters and
weights. It will be apparent that a greater pneumatic pressure will
be required to enable the lower tooth arm assembly 4 to kick a
large diameter saw log up against the bumper arm 13, than will be
required to rotate a smaller diameter saw log. On the other hand,
it is desirable to limit the amount of pneumatic pressure being
applied to the dogging cylinder 30 when the teeth 3 and 5 are
gripping the saw log 80, and especially when the saw log 80 or cant
80A has been cut down to a backing board 82. This is to prevent the
teeth 3 and 5 from excessively cutting or gouging the edges of the
backing board 82 or the surface of the saw log 80.
Referring now to FIG. 11, it may be seen that provision has been
made for the application of limited pneumatic pressure to the
dogging cylinder 30 during gripping operations, and for the
selective application of high pressure to the dogging cylinder 30
when the log is to be rotated. In particular, high pressure from
line 94 may be seen to be applied to the input side of a low
pressure regulator 91A, and through line 94A to a supplementary
solenoid actuated valve 92A. This supplementary valve 92A is also
provided with a separate input port connected to receive this low
pressure from the outlet of dogging valve 92 by way of line 34, and
to normally conduct this low pneumatic pressure to the dogging
cylinder 30 by way of line 34A. Thus, when the dogging valve 92 is
open, the piston arm 31 will be retracted into the dogging cylinder
30 to cause the teeth 3 and 5 to grip the log with only moderate or
limited force, and cylinder 30 will be exhausted through the
dogging valve 92 by way of line 38. Alternately, when the dogging
valve 92 is shifted to its alternate condition, low pressure from
regulator 91A will be applied to the opposite end of the dogging
cylinder 30 by way of line 38 to extend the piston arm 31, and the
cylinder 30 will be exhausted through the supplementary valve 92A,
and through lines 34 and 34A, to and through the outlet port of the
dogging valve 92.
When the log is to be rotated, however, the dogging valve 92 will
be shifted to open line 38 to the atmosphere, and the supplementary
valve 92A will be simultaneously opened or shifted to close off
line 34 from line 34A, and to conduct high pressure from line 94A
into the retract side of the dogging cylinder 30 by way of line
34A. This sudden application of high pressure into the dogging
cylinder 30 in this manner, will jerk the piston arm 31 into the
cylinder 30, thereby jerking the lower tooth arm assembly 4 upward
to cause the lower tooth 5 to kick or toss the saw log 80 up
against the bumper arm 13 as hereinbefore explained.
As may be seen in FIG. 11 the tooth positioning actuator 15 is
operated by high pressure from lines 94, 96 and 97, directly to a
suitable valve 105 which may also be actuated by a conventional
solenoid actuator 106. More particularly, the high pneumatic
pressure from lines 94, 96 and 97, is applied to the pneumatic
cylinder 17 by way of either hose 18 or hose 52, and the valve 105
may be either normally open or normally closed for purposes of the
present invention. When pressure is received through hose 52, the
piston arm 16 will be extended and hose 18 will function as either
a return or exhaust line. Alternatively, when pressure is applied
to the cylinder 17 by way of hose 18, hose 52 will function as the
return or exhaust line, and the piston arm 16 will be returned or
retracted into the cylinder 17.
Referring now to the bumper actuator 42 and locking actuator 64, it
will be seen that these components do not necessarily carry loads
comparable to the loads expected to be borne by the aforementioned
dogging actuator 29 and tooth positioning actuator 15. Moreover,
the bumper actuator 42 may be expected to be operated only in
conjunction with operation of the locking actuator 64. Accordingly,
a secondary variable regulator 91 may be interconnected as desired
to receive pneumatic pressure from line 96 and to reduce and
transmit such pressure through line 98 to a suitable valve 107,
which may be either normally open or normally closed for purposes
of the present invention, and which may be selectively positioned
by a conventional solenoid actuator 108.
As may further be seen in FIG. 11, when the valve 107 is positioned
in one of its two alternate conditions, pneumatic pressure from
line 98 will be routed to the pneumatic cylinder 65 by way of line
68 (line 67 functioning as a return or exhaust line) to retract
piston arm 69. Alternatively, when the valve 107 is shifted to its
alternative position or configuration, line 68 will be changed to a
return or exhaust line and pneumatic pressure will be routed to the
cylinder 65 by way of line 67 to extend the piston arm 69.
It will be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7 that the bumper arm 13 will be
extended when the stop arms 72 are rotated for locking engagement
with the pivot pin 37. Accordingly, piston arm 44 will be extended
when piston arm 69 is retracted, and vice versa, and thus the
pneumatic hose 46 is preferably connected between hose 68 and the
cylinder 43, and hose 45 is preferably connected between hose 67
and the cylinder 43.
Referring now to the headblock retractor 57, it may be seen in FIG.
11 to preferably include pneumatic cylinders 58 and 100, although
only cylinder 58 is depicted in FIG. 1. More particularly, piston
arms 60 and 101, which are respectively disposed in cylinders 58
and 100, respectively, may be seen to be fixedly connected to
brackets 61 and 102, respectively, to maintain them in stationary
relationship to the base member 7, and that the cylinders 58 and
100 are fixedly attached to the headblock assembly 6A and therefore
are movably related to the base member 7.
As hereinbefore stated, the headblock assembly 6A including the
cylinders 58 and 100 are arranged to be moved in discrete steps
away from the brackets 61 and 102, by suitable driving means such
as the rack 26 and pinion gears 25 depicted in FIG. 1. As may be
seen in FIG. 11, cylinders 58 and 100 are driven toward the saw
blade (not depicted) by the rack 26 and pinion 25, and this
effectively pulls the rear ends of the cylinders 58 and 100 toward
the piston heads contained therein. As suggested in FIG. 11, an
appropriate exhaust vent may be provided in each of the cylinders
58 and 100, whereby a corresponding low pressure region is not
concurrently created on the opposite side of each piston head.
Pressure is maintained on the piston heads, however, from hoses 59
and 59A, and thus when the driving force is removed from the pinion
25, this pressure drives the cylinders 58 and 100 (and thus the
headblock assembly 6A) back on the glide bar 53 toward the brackets
61 and 102 respectively. Referring again to FIG. 11, there may be
seen a preferred arrangement wherein the regulator 91 also includes
pressure relief means for maintaining the pressure in lines 95, 59
and 59A at a constant level notwithstanding travel of the cylinders
58 and 100. In this configuration, the regulator 91 may be adjusted
to maintain the pressure in cylinders 58 and 100 at a level
adequate to retract the headblock assembly 6A, as hereinbefore
described.
Referring now to FIG. 3, there may be seen a representation of the
apparatus with the main components arranged in one of several
alternate postures. In this posture, the tooth positioning actuator
15 retracts the equalizer bar 14, thereby drawing the upper and
lower tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 into the headblock assembly 6A
until the upper and lower rollers 10 and 11 engage or ride against
the rear flange of the roller guide 12. In addition, the dogging
actuator 29 is raised so as to separate the teeth 3 and 5.
It will be noted in FIG. 3 that, in this position, the upper and
lower teeth 3 and 5 are illustrated as extending slightly outwardly
through the slot in the facing plate 27. This representation is
made only for the purpose of providing a clearer illustration of
the configuration of the teeth 3 and 5, however, since the upper
tooth 3 is preferably fully retracted behind the facing plate 27,
when the upper roller 10 engages the rear flange of the roller
guide 12, as will hereinafter be apparent.
Referring now to FIG. 4, it may be seen that a typical saw log 80
has been deposited on the skid bar 53 and adjacent the facing plate
27, by personnel or other means not depicted herein. Accordingly,
the tooth positioning actuator 15 may now be operated to extend the
separated upper and lower teeth 3 and 5 toward the saw log 80. In
this posture, the piston arm 16 is extended outwardly from the
cylinder 17 to drive the equalizer bar 14 and the upper and lower
tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 forward until the upper and lower
rollers 10 and 11 engage the forward flange of the roller guide 12.
Thereafter, the piston arm 31 is drawn into the cylinder 30 to
cause the dogging actuator 29 to close the upper and lower tooth
arm assemblies 2 and 4 together. Thus, the upper and lower teeth 3
and 5 will grip the surface of the saw log 80 while it is carried
toward and past the saw blade (not depicted).
Referring now to FIG. 5, there may be seen a representation of the
apparatus wherein the teeth 3 and 5 have engaged the surface of the
saw log 80 as hereinbefore described. In addition, a first cut has
been made along the outward opposite side of the saw log 80 to
provide a first flat surface 81, and the saw log 80 has accordingly
been converted or transformed into a cant 80A as hereinbefore
explained.
Referring now to FIG. 6, there may be seen a representation of the
position of the components of the headblock assembly 6A preparatory
to rotation of the cant 80A. In particular, the lower tooth arm
assembly 4 remains extended, as hereinbefore described, with the
lower tooth 5 engaging the surface of the cant 80A. However, the
dogging cylinder 30 may be seen to be raised to its maximum
elevation, whereby the upper tooth arm assembly 2 is also raised
and urged inwardly by the upper roller 10 riding against the
inwardly sloping upper portion of the roller guide 12, and whereby
the upper tooth 3 is disengaged from the cant 80A and retracted
behind the facing plate 27.
As may be seen in FIGS. 6, 9 and 10, when the dogging cylinder 30
is raised to this position, the locking actuator 64 may not be
utilized to lock the dogging cylinder 30 in this raised position
during manipulation of the lower tooth arm assembly 4, as will
hereinafter be explained. In particular, the locking cylinder 65 is
pressured as explained in FIG. 11, and the piston 69 is extended to
rotate the lock bars 83 into engagement with the pivot pin 37 from
which the dogging cylinder 30 is suspended.
In addition, the bumper actuator 42 (depicted more particularly in
FIG. 1) is preferably energized at the same time as the locking
actuator 64 as previously explained with respect to FIG. 11. In
particular, the piston arm 44 is drawn into the bumper cylinder 43
to rotate the bumper arm 13 outwardly through an appropriate
aperture and downward toward the cant 80A, until the piston arm 44
is fully retracted. The dogging actuator 29 is then energized to
abruptly raise the lower tooth arm assembly 4 to cause the lower
tooth 5 to raise or kick the adjacent lower surface of the cant
80A. The cant 80A is thus raised and thrust against the angularly
extending edge of the bumper arm 13, thereby causing it to rotate
in a counterclockwise manner and to fall back onto its flat side 81
and to rest on the glide bar 53.
The actuating force applied to the bumper actuator is regulated so
that if a log is in contact with the bumper arm 13, the force is
insufficient to move the log away from spacing plate 27 before
lower tooth 5 has raised the lower surface of cant 80A.
Notwithstanding the fact that the cant 80A rotates counterclockwise
and away from the facing plate 27, it will usually fall close to
the facing plate 27. If necessary, however, the upper and lower
tooth arm assemblies 2 and 4 may be seen to be sufficiently
maneuverable whereby they may be used to reach out, grip, and pull
the cant 80A into abutment with the facing plate 27.
After the cant 80A has been rotated as illustrated in FIG. 7, it is
usually preferably to cut another flat surface, as hereinbefore
described, before slicing the cant 80A into planks or board.
Accordingly, after the second cut has been made, and after a second
flat surface has been provided to create a square corner, the cant
80A may then be rotated another 90 degrees to position the original
flat surface 81 adjacent to and abutting the facing plate 27.
Thereafter, the teeth 3 and 5 may then be engaged, and planks may
progressively be cut from the cant 80A until only a single plank or
backing board 82 remains gripped between the teeth 3 and 5, as may
be seen in FIG. 8. As hereinbefore explained, it is essential that
the teeth 3 and 5 be kept out of range of the saw. This is achieved
by means of the stop rod 23 which is prepositioned to be caught by
the dangling rattail 22, whereby the forward movement of the
headblock assembly 6A may be restricted.
Various modifications and alterations may be made in the methods
hereinbefore described, and in the structures illustrated in the
accompanying drawings. Accordingly, the methods specifically
described and depicted herein are intended to be exemplary only,
and are not intended as limitations on the essential concept of the
present invention.
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