U.S. patent number 3,682,164 [Application Number 05/009,621] was granted by the patent office on 1972-08-08 for protective mouthpiece.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Shield Mfg. Inc.. Invention is credited to Glenn O. Miller.
United States Patent |
3,682,164 |
Miller |
August 8, 1972 |
PROTECTIVE MOUTHPIECE
Abstract
A protective mouthpiece having a mouthguard and a lip shield
separated by a web member formed integral therewith. The mouthpiece
is formed of a thermoplastic material adapted to be custom-fitted
to the individual's mouth and lip formation. A pair of strap
members are attached to opposite ends of the lip shield for
securing the mouthpiece to connecting portions of a protective
headgear.
Inventors: |
Miller; Glenn O. (Tonawanda,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Shield Mfg. Inc. (Buffalo,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
21738763 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/009,621 |
Filed: |
February 9, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
128/857;
128/861 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
71/085 (20130101); A63B 2071/088 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
71/08 (20060101); A61c 007/00 (); A42b
003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/136 ;24/16PB
;402/15 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Charles; Lawrence
Claims
I claim:
1. A protective mouthpiece comprising a mouthguard adapted to be
disposed in protective position about a user's teeth and a shield
adapted to be disposed in protective position about a user's lip, a
web member connecting said lip shield to said mouthguard, said
mouthguard comprising a generally U-shaped cushion having a bight
portion and opposite leg portions and rims upstanding from the
inner and outer peripheral edges of said cushion bight and leg
portions, said rims and their upper edges being configured to
conform comfortably about the upper teeth of a user and said rims
and cushion forming a generally U-shaped trough opening upwardly
through the top of the mouthguard for substantially protectively
encasing the upper teeth of a user, the forward central portion of
the outer rim serving as a protective barrier between the user's
upper front teeth and lip and the upper edge of said forward
central outer rim portion having a depression to accommodate the
frenum of a user, said web member projecting forwardly from said
mouthguard a distance greater than the spacing between said inner
and outer rims at the juncture thereof with said bight portion of
said cushion for normally locating said lip shield outwardly from
the external contours of the user's lip region in spaced relation
thereto to prevent chaffing and irritation to the lip region and
provide greater impact energy absorption through said web member
before transmission to the lip region, said mouthpiece being formed
of a thermoplastic material and adapted to be custom fitted to the
user's mouth.
2. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 1 wherein said
mouthguard, shield and web member comprise a unitary, one-piece
construction.
3. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 2 together with a
fastener means comprising an elongated flexible strap formed
integral with a central portion of said lip shield and projecting
outwardly therefrom for looping engagement about connecting
portions of a protective headgear.
4. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 3 wherein said
elongated flexible strap has at least one opening intermediate its
ends and a connector at the other end thereof insertable through
said opening for looping attachment about said connecting portions
of said protective headgear.
5. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 1 including a pair of
elongated flexible strap members secured to said lip shield
adjacent opposite ends thereof for securing said mouthpiece to a
protective headgear.
6. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 5 wherein each strap
member is secured at one end to an end portion of said lip shield
and has a portion extending rearwardly away therefrom and a
reversely bent portion forming a loop for engagement about
connecting portions of a protective headgear.
7. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 6 wherein said strap
member includes means intermediate its ends for securing said
reversely bent portion thereto, said reversely bent portion being
adjustable linearly to change the effective length of said strap
member.
8. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 7 wherein said
securing means includes an enlargement having a crossbar spaced
from said strap member and defining an opening for receiving said
reversely bent portion of said strap member.
9. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 8 wherein said
reversely bent portion of said strap member is provided with a
plurality of transverse ribs longitudinally spaced a distance
approximating the width of said crossbar for selective positioning
on opposite sides of said crossbar.
10. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 8 wherein said
enlargement includes a second opening and said crossbar has a rib
extending lengthwise thereof and facing said second opening for
urging a portion of said reversely bent portion of said strap
member into said second opening.
11. A mouthpiece as set forth in claim 1, wherein said lip shield
is provided with arcuately shaped depressions centrally along the
upper and lower edges thereof.
12. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 5 wherein each strap
member is detachably secured adjacent one end thereof to an end
portion of said lip shield.
13. A protective mouthpiece according to claim 12 wherein each of
said strap members is provided with at least two openings
therethrough spaced lengthwise therealong adjacent said one end
thereof, and bulbous enlargements projecting from said lip shield
adjacent said opposite ends thereof, said strap members being
formed of a resiliently yieldable material and adapted to receive
said enlargements through selected ones of said openings for snap
through engagement therewith.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a protective mouthpiece and, more
particularly, to a mouthpiece having a combined mouthguard and lip
shield for protecting the teeth and lips, respectively, of a wearer
engaged in strenuous physical activities such as football, hockey,
lacrosse and the like.
It is known to provide a mouthpiece having a guard for protecting
the teeth of a wearer and a shield for protecting the lips of a
wearer. However, the lip shield in such prior known mouthpieces
generally contacts the lips of the user causing irritation thereto
and restricts free and easy breathing and speech. Also, the
mouthpiece is usually held in place by engagement of the teeth
therewith so as to further hamper the ability to speak. Moreover,
the mouthpiece can be easily knocked from the user's mouth during
the course of such strenuous physical activities as football,
hockey and the like or ejected by inadvertently opening the
mouth.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
protective mouthpiece for the teeth and lips of a wearer and which
is custom fitted to provide maximum comfort and protection.
It is another object of this invention to provide the foregoing
protective mouthpiece with a lip shield projecting forwardly of the
lips to prevent lip irritation and contoured for ease of breathing
and speaking.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an
improved protective mouthpiece having a dual strap arrangement for
securely holding such mouthpiece in place without the necessity of
maintaining a constant bite thereon.
It is still another object of this invention to provide the
foregoing mouthpiece with a connecting web member extending between
the mouthguard and lip shield for spacing the lip shield forwardly
of the user's lips and absorbing impact energy transmitted to the
lip region.
In one aspect thereof, a protective mouthpiece of the present
invention is characterized by the provision of a custom-fitted,
combined mouthguard and lip shield connected by a web member
integrally formed with the lip shield and mouthguard. The web
member spaces the lip shield forwardly of the user's lips and
serves as a support for the user's upper lip. A pair of strap
members are detachably secured to opposite ends of the lip shield
and are adapted to be adjustably attached to a headgear for firmly
securing the mouthpiece in position.
The foregoing and other objects, advantages and characterizing
features of the present invention will become clearly apparent from
the ensuing detailed description of an illustrative embodiment
thereof, taken together with the accompanying drawings wherein like
reference characters denote like parts throughout the various
views.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a protective mouthpiece constructed in
accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the protective mouthpiece of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken
about on line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary bottom plan view looking in the direction
of arrows 4--4 in FIG. 3 with the interlocked upper portion of the
strap member removed;
FIG. 4a is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a strap
member of this invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear elevational view looking in the direction of
arrows 5--5 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view, partially in section, taken
about on line 6--6 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken about on line 7--7 of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of one type of protective
headgear showing the protective mouthpiece of the present invention
in protective position and attached to the headgear by a dual strap
arrangement of this invention; and
FIG. 9 is a side elevational view of another type of headgear
showing the protective mouthpiece of the present invention secured
in protective position by another strap arrangement.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now in detail to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 a
protective mouthpiece, generally designated 10, constructed in
accordance with the present invention. Mouthpiece 10 is a unitary
construction preferably of a synthetic thermoplastic material
adapted to be custom fitted to the mouth and lip formation of the
user formed to comprise a mouthguard 12, a lip protector in the
form of a shield 14 connected to mouthguard 12 by a cross web
member 16, and a fastener strap 18. A pair of strap members,
generally designated 20, are detachably secured to opposite ends of
lip shield 14 and can be used, if desired, as dictated by the
specific type of headgear used. For example, mouthpiece 10 is shown
attached to opposite side straps 22 of a conventional hockey helmet
24 in FIG. 8 whereby strap members 20 are employed to attach
mouthpiece 10 to helmet 24 and maintain said mouthpiece 10 in
place. Another illustrative use for mouthpiece 10 is shown in FIG.
9 where such mouthpiece is attached to a chin strap 26 of a
football helmet 28 by means of fastener strap 18. In this case,
strap members 20 can be eliminated unless it is desirable to secure
mouthpiece 10 in place and prevent the ejection thereof from the
user's mouth. It should be understood that mouthpiece 10 is in no
manner restricted to use with headgears of the type shown in FIGS.
8 and 9, but can be utilized in conjunction with other types of
headgear, as desired.
Mouthguard 12 comprises a generally U-shaped, horseshoe-shaped
cushion 30 having a bight portion and leg portions laterally
widening in area toward their free ends away from said bight
portion, and having rims 32 and 34 upstanding from the respective
outer and inner peripheral edges thereof. The bottom wall of
cushion 30 is initially flat but adapted to be deformed in order to
provide cavities 36 (FIG. 7) in opposite sides of such bottom wall
formed by the impression of the user's teeth. The thermoplastic
material of which mouthpiece 10 is composed is such that it will
become sufficiently pliable during immersion in boiling water for a
period of time to enable teeth impressions to be made into opposite
sides of the bottom walls of cushion 30. To custom fit mouthpiece
10, it is immersed in boiling water a sufficient time to render it
pliable and dipped into cold water momentarily, cooling it enough
to prevent discomfort or injury to the user. The user then inserts
mouthguard 12 into his mouth and bites into the bottom wall of
cushion 30 to form cavities 36 conforming to the individual's
particular teeth contours thereby custom fitting mouthguard 12 to
the individual's mouth.
As best illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the upper edge of outer rim
32 curves upwardly and forwardly along each side portion thereof
from the rearmost portion of mouthguard 12 as indicated at 38 to
midway therealong. This edge then inclines slightly upwardly and
forwardly along each side portion, as indicated at 40, and then
downwardly to form a substantially V-shaped depression 42 at the
front center of mouthguard 12.
Inner rim 34 inclines slightly inwardly as seen in FIGS. 1 and 5
and the upper edge thereof slopes upwardly and rearwardly from the
central area of mouthguard 12 along each side portion thereof, as
indicated at 44, terminating in downwardly sloping portions at the
free ends of the legs of cushion 30. The rims and cushion thus form
a generally U-shaped trough opening upwardly through the top of
mouthguard 12 for substantially protectively encasing a wearer's
upper teeth with the bottom wall of cushion 30 positioned to
provide a protective barrier between the upper and lower teeth. The
rims and their edges are configured to conform comfortably about
opposite sides of the upper teeth with the forward edge along outer
rim 32 particularly configured to form a V-shaped depression 42 to
comfortably accommodate the frenum between the central portion of a
wearer's upper lip and gum. The forward central portion of outer
rim 32 serves as a protective barrier (FIG. 6) between the user's
upper front teeth and lips to prevent contact therebetween as a
result of a forceful blow. While this particular configuration is
considered to be desirable from many points of view, it will be
appreciated that other mouthguard configurations can be used in the
protective mouthpiece of this invention.
Web member 16 projects forwardly from the central lower portion of
outer rim 32 and merges into lip shield 14 approximately midway
between the upper and lower edges thereof. Web member 16 forms a
trough or channel between outer rim 32 and lip shield 14 for
accommodating the lip of a user. Lip shield 14 is arcuately shaped
in plan to conform to the contour of the user's lip region and is
located a sufficient distance forwardly of outer rim 32 so as to be
spaced forwardly of the user's lips as shown in FIG. 7 to prevent
chaffing and irritation thereto such as might occur with known lip
shields which embrace and contact the user's lips. Also, this
spacing of lip shield 14 from the user's lips provides greater
impact energy absorption through web member 16 before transmission
to the lip region to minimize injury thereto.
As shown in FIG. 5, lip shield 14 is provided with arcuately shaped
depressions 46 and 48 centrally along the upper and lower edges
thereof, respectively. These depressions together with the spacing
arrangement of lip shield 14 forwardly of the user's lips permits
free and easy breathing and enables the user to speak clearly.
Also, depression 46 precludes lip shield contact with the user's
nose in the event of an upwardly directed blow imparted to
mouthpiece 10. With mouthpiece 10 in a pliable condition for custom
fitting purposes as hereinbefore described, lip shield 14 can be
tilted rearwardly about web member 16 toward the user's lip region
as shown in phantom in FIG. 7 to follow the natural inclination of
the user's lips, thus providing a custom fitted lip shield along
with a custom fitted mouthguard. It is contemplated, however, that
shield 14 will remain spaced from the lip.
Fastener strap 18 extends forwardly from the front center of lip
shield 14 in generally axial alignment with web member 16 as shown
in FIG. 2. Strap 18 comprises a flat band substantially wider than
it is thick having a plurality of circular openings 50 spaced
lengthwise therealong and a connector, generally designated 52,
formed on its distal end. Connector 52 includes a reduced width,
substantially cylindrical shank 54 extending from a laterally
inwardly tapering portion of strap 18 indicated at 56 and having a
bulbous enlargement 58 at its distal end. The inner end of shank 54
is formed about opposite sides of strap 18 at the juncture of the
tapered portion 56 and shank 54 to provide reinforcing fillets
60.
Enlargement 58 is shaped to form a generally oblate spheroid having
a lateral dimension in the plane of strap 18 larger than its
dimension normal to the plane of strap 18. Openings 50 are
countersunk to facilitate the insertion of enlargement 58 therein.
Openings 50 and enlargement 58 are formed so that the maximum
dimension of enlargement 58 is larger than the maximum dimension of
openings 50 with the minimum dimension of enlargement 58
approximating the maximum diameter of openings 50. The relative
shapes and sizes of enlargement 58 and openings 50 facilitate the
fastening and detachment of mouthpiece 10 to and from the
headgear.
The structure described above forms a mouthpiece having utility and
can be used in the following manner. Mouthpiece 10 is inserted in
the user's mouth with fastener strap 18 projecting forwardly from
lip shield 14 for connection to his headgear. Mouthpiece 10 can be
used with headgear having face guards whereby strap 18 is looped
upwardly about a bar of such face guard so that enlargement 58 can
engage through a selected opening 50. Alternatively, strap 18 can
be looped through an opening in a chin strap 26 attached to a
helmet 28 as shown in FIG. 9 with enlargement 58 then engaging
through a selected opening 50. In both fastening arrangements,
strap 18 is looped so that enlargement 58 enters through openings
50 from the larger diameter side of the opening. The taper of
countersink opening 50 and the tapered outer end of enlargement 58
both facilitate insertion of enlargement 58 through the selected
opening 50.
Due to the inherent resiliency of the plastic material forming
mouthpiece 10 and strap 18, the engagement of enlargement 58
through opening 50 is a snap through engagement with the area of
strap 18 about openings 50 resiliently yielding and deforming to
permit passage of enlargement 58 through openings 50. Because
enlargement 58 has a lateral dimension larger than the diameter of
opening 50 and a normally disposed dimension approximating the
diameter of the openings, the openings need resiliently deform
substantially only in one dimension upon insertion of enlargement
58 therethrough, thereby making such insertion easier by requiring
less force. The same is true when withdrawing enlargement 58
through openings 50.
With mouthpiece 10 in protective position and fastened to headgear
28 it will be seen that fastener strap 18 can be released by
pulling strap 18 to withdraw enlargement 58 through opening 50.
Openings 50 will resiliently deform to permit enlargement 58 to
snap therethrough upon application of a predetermined force to the
looped portions of strap 18. In this manner, strap 18 can be
manually released when desired or automatically released in
response to a predetermined force applied to the looped portions
thereof as when strap 18 is caught or when headgear 28 is
inadvertently forcefully separated from a wearer.
In certain sporting events such as hockey and lacrosse, protective
head pieces are employed which do not include a face guard or a
protective chin strap. However, it is desirable to use a mouthguard
for protecting the teeth and lips of a user. To this end, the
protective mouthpiece of the present invention includes a pair of
strap members 20 which can be detachably secured to mouthpiece 10
for attaching the same to a headgear. As illustrated in FIG. 8,
such strap members 20 are employed to secure a mouthpiece to the
side straps of a hockey helmet 24. It should be understood that
other types of headgear can be used in conjunction with mouthpiece
10 and strap members 20 and that showing mouthpiece 10 fastened to
side straps 22 of a hockey helmet 24 by means of strap members 20
(FIG. 8) is one illustrative way of attaching mouthpiece 10 to a
helmet and is in no way intended to limit the present invention to
a particular manner of attachment to a particular type of headgear.
For example, strap members 20 can be utilized to attach mouthpiece
10 to the opposite sides of a football helmet, if desired, to more
positively maintain mouthpiece 10 in position in the user's
mouth.
Each strap member 20 comprises a flat band substantially wider than
it is thick having a series of circular openings 64 spaced
lengthwise therealong adjacent one end for selective engagement
with one of a pair of spaced bulbous enlargements 66 located
adjacent opposite ends of lip shield 14 and extending outwardly
from the outer curved surface thereof. Strap member 20 is
preferably formed of a resiliently yieldable plastic material and
the engagement of enlargement 66 through a selected opening 64 is a
snap through engagement with the area of strap member 20 about
openings 64 resiliently yielding and deforming to permit passage of
enlargement 66 through openings 64.
Each strap member 20 is provided with an enlargement 68
approximately midway therealong having a generally rectangular
shape in plan (FIG. 4) and provided with side bars 70 defining a
rectangular opening 72 in strap member 20 approximating the width
of strap member 20. Enlargement 68 is provided with a pair of
upstanding lugs 74 projecting outwardly from the plane of side bars
70 and connected together by a cross bar 76 spaced from strap
member 20 but extending parallel thereto. The undersurface of cross
bar 76 is provided with a longitudinal rib 78 (FIGS. 3 and 4)
projecting toward opening 72 for a purpose hereinafter described.
The space between strap member 20 and cross bar 76 defines an
opening 80 through which the free end of strap member 20 is
inserted and drawn through to form a loop 82 (FIG. 1) for
attachment to a side strap or opening provided in the side of a
headgear. A series of transversely extending ribs 84 are provided
on the side of strap member 20 opposite cross bar 76. These ribs 84
are spaced lengthwise of strap member 20 from the free end thereof
inwardly toward enlargement 68, the spacing between adjacent ribs
84 approximating the width of cross bar 76.
In attaching mouthpiece 10 to a headgear by means of strap members
20, enlargements 66 are inserted through selected openings 64 in
strap members 20 to secure the same to opposite sides of mouthpiece
10. The free ends of strap members 20 are looped about side straps
22 or openings in opposite sides of a headgear such as shown at 24
in FIG. 8. The free ends of strap members 20 are then inserted in
openings 80 defined by crossbars 76 with the respective strap
members 20 and pulled through to the extent desired. Because of the
resiliency of the material of which strap members 20 are formed,
rib 78 of cross bar 76 and the area of strap member 20 about
opening 80 resiliently yield and deform to permit passage of the
free end of strap member 20 through such opening. With strap
members 20 adjusted to the proper effective length, the free ends
thereof tend to remain fixed due to the engagement of ribs 84 with
the opposite sides of cross bar 76 as shown in FIG. 3. Also, rib 78
of cross bar 76 urges a portion of strap member 20 partially into
opening 72 to firmly secure strap members 20 in their selected
adjusted positions.
The above dual strap arrangement maintains mouthpiece 10 in place
and prevents inadvertent ejection or forceful removal of mouthguard
12 from the user's mouth during strenuous physical activities.
Furthermore, the dual strap arrangement eliminates the necessity of
continual biting or engagement of the user's teeth with the
mouthguard. Also, when using strap members 20, the mouthguard need
not be custom fitted as described above and strap fastener 18 can
be eliminated, if desired. The dual strap arrangement is easily
adjusted and enables mouthguard 12 to be readily removed from the
user's mouth. The dual strap mouthpiece 10 is particularly useful
in conjunction with headpieces which do not customarily employ face
guards or protective chin straps, such as the headpiece illustrated
in FIG. 8 for example. However, it should be understood that the
dual strap mouthpiece can be used with any type of headgear, as
desired.
From the foregoing, it is apparent that the objects of the present
invention have been fully accomplished. As a result of this
invention, an improved custom fitted mouthpiece is provided and
comprises a combined mouthguard and lip shield for protecting the
user's teeth and lip region, respectively. By the provision of a
web member formed integral with the mouthguard and lip shield and
extending therebetween, the lip shield is spaced forwardly of the
users lip and cheek regions to prevent chaffing and irritation
thereto, and in conjunction with central depressions formed at the
upper and lower edges of the lip shield provides relative ease of
breathing and speaking. Also, the web member serves to absorb
impact energy before transmission to the lip region to minimize
injury thereto. By the provision of a dual strap arrangement, the
mouthguard can be securely held in position in the user's mouth and
the necessity of continual biting or engagement of the user's teeth
with the mouthguard is eliminated.
A preferred embodiment of this invention having been disclosed in
detail, it is to be understood that this has been done by way of
illustration only.
* * * * *