U.S. patent number 3,680,240 [Application Number 05/099,559] was granted by the patent office on 1972-08-01 for inertia actuated cartridge retaining latches.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army. Invention is credited to Irwin R. Barr, Jack H. Hayman, Jr., Harold A. Wilkening.
United States Patent |
3,680,240 |
Barr , et al. |
August 1, 1972 |
INERTIA ACTUATED CARTRIDGE RETAINING LATCHES
Abstract
A firearm includes inertial cartridge retaining latches which
are actuated o release the fired cartridge case from the launcher
responsive to cartridge discharge forces.
Inventors: |
Barr; Irwin R. (Baltimore,
MD), Hayman, Jr.; Jack H. (Harford, MD), Wilkening;
Harold A. (Baltimore, MD) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Army (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
22275590 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/099,559 |
Filed: |
December 18, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/1.07; 42/105;
42/25 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
15/14 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
15/14 (20060101); F41A 15/00 (20060101); F41c
027/00 (); F41c 027/06 (); F41c 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/1F,1Q,25 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Jordan; C. T.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a firearm for firing an ammunition round comprising a case
with an annular extractor groove, the improvement wherein said
firearm includes at least one latch releasably engageable with said
extractor groove for securing said round to said firearm for
discharge, said latch including an inertial block disposed to
oppose the recoil forces generated by discharge of said round and
thereby actuate said latch from engagement with said extractor
groove.
2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said latch is
disposed for pivotal displacement between an engaging and a
disengaged position relative to said extractor groove by means of a
pin disposed normal to the direction of the recoil forces and
through said latch intermediate the front and rear ends
thereof.
3. The invention as defined in claim 2 wherein said latch includes
a hook located on the front end thereof for engagement with said
extractor groove when said latch is in the engaging position, and
wherein the center of mass of said inertial block is located
inwardly and to the rear of said pin.
4. The invention as defined in claim 3 wherein said firearm
includes a pair of said latches pivotally mounted diametrically
apart thereto, and including means interlocking said pair of
latches to assure simultaneous displacement between the engaging
and the disengaged positions thereof.
5. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said interlocking
means comprise a tongue extending from said inertial block of one
of said pair of latches, and a slot disposed in said inertial block
of the other one of said pair of latches for receiving said tongue.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to grenade launchers for firing grenade
rounds comprising a case from which the grenade is propelled and
pertains more particularly to latches for releasably retaining the
case to the launcher during discharge of the round.
One particular firearm being developed for military use comprises a
rifle with a grenade launcher mounted to the barrel thereof,
thereby providing for the troops a firearm having both area and
point capabilities. Because it is mounted to the rifle barrel, it
is important that the launcher be as light as possible. Also, such
a firearm requires a firing mechanism whereby the shooter may fire
the rifle at selected rates and types of fire and also by the same
trigger fire the launcher. This necessarily requires a complicated
firing mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention serves to lighten the weight of the launcher
and simplify the firing mechanism thereof by providing latches, for
releasably retaining the grenade round to the launcher during
discharge thereof, which are completely self-contained except for
springs that bias them to their engaging positions and which are
automatically actuated by recoil forces.
This is achieved by providing on each of the latches an inertial
mass which opposes the recoil displacement of the launcher by the
forces generated by discharge of the round, thereby actuating the
latch to its disengaged position for release of the fired case.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following specification and the accompanying drawing which are
for the purpose of illustration only.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary top view of the grenade launcher showing in
cross-section the latches of this invention mounted therein and
disposed in their engaging positions;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the latches actuated
to their disengaged positions; and
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectioned view taken along line 3--3 of FIG.
1.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Shown in the drawing is a launcher 12 for firing a grenade round 14
such as is disclosed in the co-pending patent application by N. J.
La Costa for "Grenade Round with Means Giving Forward Momentum to
the Fired Case" Ser. No. 99,698, filed Jan. 12, 1970 and which
includes a case 16 provided with an annular groove 18 therearound
adjacent base 20 thereof. Launcher 12 includes a breechblock 22
provided with a front face 24 which is contacted by base 20 when
round 14 is loaded to the launcher. A lip 26 extends forwardly from
the bottom section of face 24 for engagement by the rim of base 20
to correctly locate round 14 relative to breechblock 22 when loaded
to launcher 12. Extending longitudinally through breechblock 22 is
a longitudinal bore 28 for slidingly receiving a firing pin 30 and
extending laterally through the breechblock 22 above bore 28 is a
chamber 32 which is rectangular in vertical cross-section. Chamber
32 accommodates a pair of latches 34 which are pivotally mounted to
breechblock 22 on opposite sides thereof by means of pins 36 for
displacement between engaging and disengaged positions relative to
groove 18. Pins 36 are vertically disposed so as to be normal to
the longitudinal direction of the recoil forces RF generated when
round 14 is fired.
Each of the latches 34 comprises an arm 38, which extends along the
outside of breechblock 22, and an inertial block 40 which extends
from the arm into chamber 32. Arm 38 is provided at the end thereof
which is forwardly of pin 36 with a hook 42 which is insertable
into groove 18 of round 14 when loaded to launcher 12 thereby
releasably holding base 20 of such round against front face 24 to
assure impact of firing pin 30, when released, against primer 44 in
such base. Provided on the inside of the end of arm 38 which is
rearwardly of pin 36 is a recessed seat 46 for a spring 48 which
acts to resiliently hold the latch in the engaging position
thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one of the inertial blocks 40 is
provided with a vertical slot 50 while the other one is provided
with a tongue 52 which is received by such slot and which
cooperates therewith to assure that both latches 34 pivot in unison
between their engaging and disengaged positions. As shown also in
FIGS. 1 and 2, each of the inertial blocks 40 has a center of mass
which is indicated at CM, and it is noted that the centers of mass
CM are located inside and to the rear of pins 36. Thus, when round
14 is fired, the discharge forces are applied to breechblock 22, to
cause accelerated recoil displacement thereof, and this recoil
displacement is transmitted to latches 34 through pins 36. The
accelerated recoil displacement transmitted to latches 34 is
opposed by the inertia of inertial blocks 40, and with CM thereof
being located inside and to the rear of the pivotal point of the
latches at pins 36 the latches are pivoted against the bias of the
respective springs 48 to their disengaged positions. Obviously,
inertial blocks 40 must have sufficient mass so that their
resistance to the accelerated recoil displacement of breechblock 22
will overcome the bias of springs 48 and the resistance of latches
34 to displacement to their disengaged positions.
OPERATION
Round 14 is loaded to laucher 12 by resting base 20 of the round on
lip 26 and then pressing rearwardly on the round, thereby causing
latches 34 to be biased outwardly until hooks 42 thereon snap into
groove 18. When round 14 is fired, the recoil displacement of
breechblock 22 is opposed by the mass of inertial blocks 40 causing
latches 34 to be pivoted to their disengaged positions, freeing
fired case 16 for ejection by the forward momentum imparted
thereto, as described in the aforementioned co-pending patent
application by N. J. La Costa.
We wish it to be understood that we do not desire to be limited to
the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious
modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.
* * * * *