U.S. patent number 3,680,037 [Application Number 05/087,172] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-25 for electrical interconnector.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Technical Wire Products Inc.. Invention is credited to Joseph Ellis Kopf, Stewart Nellis, Adrian R. Reti.
United States Patent |
3,680,037 |
Nellis , et al. |
July 25, 1972 |
ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTOR
Abstract
Compressible electrical interconnectors have dielectric holder
sheets with compressible conductive plastic rods extending through
the sheets. When electrical contacts are pressed against opposite
ends of the rods, interconnection is completed.
Inventors: |
Nellis; Stewart (Colts Neck,
NJ), Kopf; Joseph Ellis (Cranford, NJ), Reti; Adrian
R. (Cambridge, MA) |
Assignee: |
Technical Wire Products Inc.
(Cranford, NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
22203528 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/087,172 |
Filed: |
November 5, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
439/591; 200/85R;
29/876; 174/262; 200/86R; 439/66; 29/884; 174/265; 200/511;
439/91 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
12/714 (20130101); H05K 3/325 (20130101); Y10T
29/49208 (20150115); Y10T 29/49222 (20150115); H05K
3/368 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H05K
3/32 (20060101); H05K 3/36 (20060101); H01r
013/24 (); H05k 001/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;339/17R,17E,17A,17C,17M,18R,18C,59R,59M,61R,61M,15R,15T,151R
;174/68.5 ;29/625,628 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Champion; Marvin A.
Assistant Examiner: Staab; Lawrence J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Electrical interconnecting apparatus comprising a dielectric
material having first and second opposite surface areas and having
at least one hole extending through the dielectric material from
the first surface area to the second surface area, at least one
elastomeric compressible resilient electroconductive element
disposed in the hole, the at least one element comprising a
dielectric resin containing discrete electrical conductors held in
electrical conducting relationship in the element.
2. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the
dielectric material has a plurality of holes therein and wherein
the at least one element comprises a plurality of elements disposed
within the holes for electrically connecting a plurality of first
contacts adjacent the first surface area of the material with a
plurality of second contacts adjacent the second surface area of
the material.
3. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the
dielectric material comprises a resin.
4. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the
dielectric material comprises a flexible, thin resin sheet.
5. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the
dielectric material comprises a thin resilient resin sheet.
6. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the
dielectric material comprises a flexible resilient and compressible
resin sheet having first and second opposite faces and having a
plurality of holes extending through the sheet, and wherein the at
least one electroconductive elements comprises a plurality of
elastomeric rods disposed in the holes, the rods having
electroconductors therein whereby a plurality of contacts adjacent
the first face are electrically connected with a plurality of
contacts adjacent the second face.
7. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 6 wherein each
rod has a plurality of relatively small discreet conductors held by
the elastomeric rods in electrical conducting relation which is
enhanced by compressing the rods between contacts adjacent the
sheet faces.
8. The electrical interconnecting apparatus of claim 1 further
comprising first contact bearing means adjacent the first surface
area and having positioned thereon at least one first contact
adjacent the at least one element, and second contact holding means
adjacent the second surface area and having a second contact
adjacent the at least one element and means pressing the first and
second contact means inward thereby tending to compress the at
least one element and completing an electrical circuit between the
first and second contacts.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the element extends from one
surface of the dielectric material to an opposite surface
thereof.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the element extends beyond
opposite surfaces of the dielectric material.
11. The method of joining electrical contacts comprising
positioning contacts opposite each other, interposing a dielectric
retainer having a conductive elastomeric element extending
therethrough between the contacts and pressing the contacts towards
each other, thereby compressing the conductive elastomeric element
and completing a circuit between the contacts.
12. Electrical interconnecting apparatus comprising a dielectric
material having first and second opposite surface areas and having
at least one hole extending through the dielectric material from
the first surface area to the second surface area, at least one
electroconductive element disposed in the hole, the at least one
element comprising a dielectric resin containing discrete
electrical conductors held in electrical conducting relationship in
the element, wherein the dielectric material is relatively less
compressible than the element.
13. Electrical interconnecting apparatus comprising a dielectric
material having first and second opposite surface areas and having
at least one hole extending through the dielectric material from
the first surface area to the second surface area, at least one
electroconductive element disposed in the hole, the at least one
element comprising a dielectric resin containing discrete
electrical conductors held in electrical conducting relationship in
the element, wherein the element terminates short of opposite
surfaces of the dielectric material.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Electrical interconnectors for completing circuits between opposed
contact areas are well known. Typically, the interconnectors are
thin rigid sheets of dielectric material having holes which are
filled with electrically conductive elements. Electrical contacts,
such as contacts on printed circuit boards, are placed adjacent
opposite sides of the interconnector so that the conductive
elements in the interconnectors are lined with and positioned
between appropriate complementary contact areas. Usually, small
pressure is applied to the contact bearing members to insure
sufficient electrical connection.
The contacts to be interconnected take any of several forms. In
some devices the contacts are carefully insulated islands in the
middle of the circuit board with the conductive wires being
insulated or buried on or within the board. In other cases, such as
in strip line connectors, parallel conductors may be exposed over a
substantial surface area of a circuit board. Any area along any
conductor serves as a contact area as controlled by the position of
a conductive element in the dielectric retainer of the
interconnector.
In other embodiments, a strip line connector may have several
layers of connectors which are crossed and insulated from each
other. Contacts on the surface of the board may be permanently
connected with conductors within the board or holes through the
insulation may expose contact areas on conductors within the
boards. In the latter case, interconnectors have projecting
elements which fit within the holes to reach the exposed area of
the embedded conductor.
Some forms of interconnectors may be very thin sheets having
openings which have resilient elements for projecting through the
openings for contacting contacts on one side of the sheet. Several
problems remain in the interconnector art. For the most part,
interconnectors are formed of a dielectric resin and metallic
conductive elements. The dielectric retainer and metal conductive
elements being of completely different materials require completely
different fabricating steps. Hence, the cost of interconnecting
devices is increased by the necessity of using dissimilar equipment
and steps in manufacturing the dielectric and conductive portions.
Temperatures required for the forming of thermoplastic or
thermosetting dielectric materials are often too high to form the
plastics about preformed fine metallic conductors. Where metals are
flowed into openings in the interconductors, temperatures may cause
destruction in the dielectric material or may cause latent damage
to the interconnectors which may be found only after the connectors
have been used for a period of time in expensive electronic
equipment.
During use, metal contact elements may scratch or otherwise damage
delicate contact areas on printed circuits. The best
interconnectors employ highly conductive metal elements such as,
for example, silver, and consequently, the high cost of the
conducting element adds to the cost of the interconnectors. These
and other problems cause the continued search for improved
interconnectors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns interconnector elements and their
making and using in which elements are short compressible rods
having discreet conductors disposed therein and being positioned
between contact areas which are intended for electrical connection.
The elements are assembled in a dielectric retainer which typically
takes the form of a flat thin material having a plurality of holes
extending from one surface to an opposite surface, with the
elements disposed in the holes and extending from surface to
surface. The retaining dielectric is flexible or rigid. In one
rigid dielectric embodiment, compressible conductor elements extend
beyond surfaces of the retainer. In another embodiment,
compressible conductive elements are level with or depressed from
relatively less compressible or incompressible surrounding
dielectric material, and rigid convex contacts are fixed to
junctions on the conductors to be connected. When used with convex
contacts, conductive elements and rigid retainers may be flush with
or depressed in the surface of rigid retainers. In both cases, the
resilient conductive elements are compressed between complementary
opposed contacts to complete electrical circuits.
When the retainer is resilient and compressible, the conductive
elements are either compressible or rigid or relatively rigid.
Although the conductive elements may extend outward from the
surfaces of the dielectric retainer, the conductive elements are
substantially coterminal with surfaces of the retainer in the
preferred embodiments.
The dielectric retainer may be made of any convenient material
which has a form sufficiently stable to hold the conductor elements
in desired alignment with the contact areas. Any suitable
thermosetting or thermoplastic resin may be employed. In high heat
applications, thermosetting resins are preferred. The resin used in
the dielectric retainer may be identical with the resin of the
conducting element.
In preferred embodiments, the conductive elements are resilient and
compressible. When the dielectric retainer is resilient and
compressible, the conductive elements may be made of materials
having similar properties, or the elements may be made of
relatively rigid materials.
In one embodiment of the invention, the retainer is made of a
silicone rubber, and the conductive element is made of a silicone
rubber having embedded therein chunks of similar silicone rubber
and a finely dispersed conductive metal, such as for example,
silver flake. The metallic content of the conductive element may be
as low as about 1.5 percent by volume.
In one example of the manufacture of the interconnectors, rods are
formed by mixing cured particles of room temperature vulcanizable
silicone rubber having average particle size of about 3 mils with
uncured resin of the same silicone rubber and with silver flake
smaller than 325 mesh. A suitable proportion is approximately 3
parts by weight cured particles, 3 parts uncured resin and catalyst
in a 9 to 1 ratio and 5 parts silver flake. From 3 to 4 parts of
alumina particles may be added. The dielectric retainer may be
formed of similar room temperature vulcanizable silicone rubber
without the particulate fillers.
The rods are precisely arranged in parallel relationships in a
frame, and voids are filled with the flowable resin which will form
the retainer. When the resin is cured, the block is sliced into
several similar interconnector devices with particularly positioned
conductor elements.
The invention has as one object the provision of electrical
interconnectors having precisely positioned conductive elements of
a dielectric resin containing discreet electrical connectors held
in electrical conducting relationship in the elements.
Another object of the invention is the provision of compressible
conductive elements precisely positioned in dielectric retainer
sheets forming printed circuit interconnectors.
The invention has as a further objective the provision of
compressible and resilient discreet conductor-filled resin elements
held within compressible and resilient retainers at precise
positions for selectively electrically interconnecting contacts on
opposite sides of the retainer sheet. Other objects of the
invention are methods for making compressible electrical circuit
interconnectors and for employing compressible circuit
interconnectors.
The foregoing and other objects of the invention are apparent in
the disclosure which includes the foregoing and ongoing
specification and claims and the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electrical interconnector of the
present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detail of an interconnector showing a conductive
particle-filled compressible connective element in an insulating
retainer.
FIG. 3 is an assembled detail of spaced opposed printed circuit
boards with an interposed connector of the present invention and
outer platens for pressing the circuit boards inward to insure
electrical communication.
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a strip line interconnection
employing an interconnector of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an interconnector employed in an
electroluminescent system.
FIG. 6 is a detail of a conductive element recessed in a dielectric
material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring to FIG. 1, an interconnector is generally referred to by
the numeral 10. The dielectric resin retainer 12 has a plurality of
holes which are filled with rod-like conductors 14 which are
compressible and resilient. Preferably, dielectric material 12 is
the same basic composition as conductive elements 14, and both have
substantially the same resilience and compressibility. As shown in
FIG. 1, elements 14 are flush with opposed surface areas of the
dielectric material 12.
In FIG. 2, the detail shows a relatively resilient conductive
element 16 extending slightly beyond opposite surfaces of a
dielectric material retainer 18. Forces caused by compressing the
opposite ends of elements 16 together in the application of the
device insure good electrical contact. In this embodiment, retainer
18 may be made of a relatively rigid dielectric material.
In FIG. 3, interconnector 20 which has dielectric material 22 and
conductive plastic elements 24, is positioned between circuit
boards 26 and 28. Contact areas 30 and 32 are joined by one of the
conductive elements while contacts 34 and 36 are joined by the
other conductive element. Platens 38 are employed to press boards
26 and 28 inward to insure good contacts between the contact areas
and the conductive elements. The dielectric material 22 and the
basic material of conductive elements 24 is similar. Inward
pressure of the platens 38 tends to compress the conductive
elements and dielectric material equally. Alternatively, the
dielectric material 22 may have greater or lesser compressibility
than the conductive elements 24.
As shown in FIG. 4, an interconnecting device 40 having dielectric
material 42 and contact elements 44 is interposed between two strip
line circuit boards 46 and 48. The inner hidden surface of board 46
has parallel vertical exposed conductive members 47. Board 48 has
parallel horizontal exposed conductive members 49. When the boards
are pressed together, conductive plastic elements 44 interconnect
specific vertical conductors with specific horizontal
conductors.
In FIG. 5, an electrical interconnector 50 has a dielectric
material 52 and a plurality of conductive plastic elements 54 which
interconnect contacts 56 on circuit board 58 with appropriate
contacts on the electroluminescent panel 60. A frame at the edges
of the panel aids in the compression of the entire device to press
the resilient conductors onto the contact areas insuring completed
circuits in FIG. 6, a panel has a conductive element 64 recessed
from the surface of dielectric material 62.
As described herein, the interconnector of the present invention
provides solution to many of the extant problems of the prior art.
Cost economies are realized by the use of very minor portions of
conductive metals. Economies are created in manufacturing both the
insulating and the conducting elements with similar equipment and
steps, since both are made of similar materials. The dielectric
material and the conducting element are temperature suited, since
both are constructed of similar materials. The metal-filled
compressible elements neither abrade nor otherwise damage the
delicate contact areas of printed circuits.
The interconnectors of the present invention are lighter in weight
than conventional interconnectors, since metallic content is
reduced. The present interconnectors conveniently and thoroughly
interconnect printed circuit devices which may have surface
irregularities due to production faults, thus eliminating errors
caused by non-surface conforming interconnectors of the prior art
when used with non-planar printed circuit surfaces.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with
reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood
by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and
details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention.
* * * * *