U.S. patent number 3,679,086 [Application Number 05/043,071] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-25 for liquid storage tank.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Shell Oil Company. Invention is credited to Werner Grimm, Karl-Heinz Olschewski.
United States Patent |
3,679,086 |
Grimm , et al. |
July 25, 1972 |
LIQUID STORAGE TANK
Abstract
A liquid storage tank having inner and outer parallel spaced
walls of substantially U-shaped vertical transverse cross-section,
the outer wall being of metal and the inner wall being of a liquid
resistant plastic material. The outer wall is closed at the top by
a horizontal plate and the interior of the inner wall is in fluid
communication with the space between the inner and outer wall. A
drainage may be provided at the bottom of the outer wall for
removing liquid from the inner wall.
Inventors: |
Grimm; Werner (Hasserodt,
Ulrich, DT), Olschewski; Karl-Heinz (Hamburg,
DT) |
Assignee: |
Shell Oil Company (New York,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
21925331 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/043,071 |
Filed: |
June 3, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/565; 220/917;
220/23.89; 220/560.03; 220/918 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
90/24 (20130101); Y10S 220/918 (20130101); Y10S
220/917 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
90/22 (20060101); B65D 90/24 (20060101); B65d
007/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/15,13,10,1C,9B,DIG.6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Leclair; Joseph R.
Assistant Examiner: Garrett; James R.
Claims
We claim as our invention:
1. A liquid storage tank comprising:
an elongate outer metal vessel of substantially U-shaped vertical
transverse cross-section;
an elongate open-top inner vessel of substantially U-shaped
vertical transverse cross-section and formed of a liquid-resistant
plastic material adapted to contain a liquid therein, said inner
vessel conforming to substantially the shape of said outer
vessel;
spacing means associated with both of said vessels for maintaining
said vessels in spaced parallel relationship forming an annular
space therebetween;
substantially horizontal closure means disposed at the top of said
tank closing at least said outer vessel;
said closure means including a shallow flat bottom trough disposed
in the open top of the inner vessel and having out turned flanges
on the upper edges of the trough side walls sealingly secured to
the top edges of the side walls of the outer metal vessel; and
said inner vessel being in fluid communication with said annular
space at substantially the top thereof.
2. The tank of claim 1 including a liquid collecting gutter at the
bottom of said outer vessel in fluid communication with said
annular space.
3. The tank of claim 1 wherein said outer vessel is of sheet
steel.
4. The tank of claim 1 wherein said inner vessel is of
polyethylene.
5. The tank of claim 1 wherein the lowermost portions of said outer
vessel is rounded and including support means associated with said
outer vessel for supporting said tank with its side walls in a
substantially vertical position.
6. The storage tank of claim 1 wherein the wall of the inner vessel
is of a thickness so that, when empty, the inner vessel will retain
its shape without being connected to the outer vessel.
7. The storage tank of claim 1 wherein the spacing means includes
spacing elements on the outer surfaces of said inner vessel.
8. The storage tank of claim 1 wherein said trough includes an
upturned flange extending substantially vertically upwardly from
the flat bottom portion disposed in the opening of said inner
vessel, then extending outwardly from the top edge of said flange
and substantially perpendicular thereto; and
said closure means further including bolt means extending through
both the outwardly extending portion of the flange and a horizontal
wall portion on said outer vessel for securing said outer vessel to
said closure means.
9. The storage tank of claim 1 wherein said trough includes an
upturned side wall extending substantially vertically upwardly from
the flat bottom portion disposed in the opening of said inner
vessel, and a portion extending outwardly from the top of said
trough side wall and substantially perpendicular thereto;
said outer vessel having an outwardly extending substantially
horizontal portion extending substantially parallel to said
outwardly extending portion of said trough; and
said closure means further including bolt means extending through
both said trough outwardly extending portion and said horizontal
portion on said outer vessel for securing said outer vessel to said
closure means.
10. The storage tank of claim 1 including a substantially
vertically extending tubular connection arranged on said trough
bottom and opening into the interior of said inner vessel for
introducing liquid into the interior of said inner vessel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a double-walled storage tank for
liquids, such as fuel oil, the inner wall of which consists of a
plastics material and the outer wall of sheet steel. The storage
tank has the shape of a trough; its upper side being the largest
cross-section of the tank, is closed by a substantially flat cover.
A space several millimeters wide may be provided between the inner
and outer wall of the storage tank. The cover may be designed as a
flat trough.
2. Description of the Prior Art
With storage tanks for organic liquids, for example for fuel oil,
of the conventional sheet steel construction, there is always the
risk of internal corrosion as a result of water penetration. In
order to obviate this corrosion risk, plastics materials were used
in various ways, which plastics materials should of course be
sufficiently resistant to the liquid to be stored. Thus, it was
suggested to line sheet steel storage tanks with a plastics
material. To this end, use is made of a curable plastics material
such as epoxy resins which is sprayed on to the inner surface as a
two-component system. In order to obtain a pore-free layer,
spraying must be effected with special care so that tanks of this
type become relatively expensive. It is nevertheless essential to
inspect the emptied tanks over longer periods since porous spots in
the coating can possibly only be detected after prolonged use. In
practice this is a considerable disadvantage. Storage tanks of
plastics material such as polyolefins are already known which are
easier to inspect. However, they are difficult to produce and are
consequently expensive, at any rate in the sizes of 1 cubic meter
and larger which are required for domestic use. The main
disadvantage is that in case of fire they form a great additional
risk. Arrangement in residential buildings, for example near
heating installations in basements, is therefore not advisable.
Storage tanks are also known which consist of a sheet steel outer
wall and a plastics inner tank, and which form in a certain sense
double-walled tanks. In this case the inner tank is made of a
plastics film and adapted to the shape of the sheet steel outer
tank; it is introduced through the dome-shaped opening and secured
to the edge of the latter. Although the above drawbacks are thus
obviated, the flexible, loosely inserted inner tank is exposed to
mechanical stresses as a result of wrinkling and rubbing when being
filled and emptied. Damage cannot be detected from the outside; the
contents then flow into the outer sheet steel tank which is again
exposed to corrosion.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide a liquid storage tank
which is a double-walled tank in the real sense and in which the
outer wall is made of sheet steel and the inner wall is made of
plastics material, e.g., polyolefin, so that the walls retain their
position relative to each other independent of the fact whether the
tank is emptied or filled. The inner wall is therefore not
subjected to any mechanical stresses. As with the known
double-walled sheet steel tanks, the space between the inner wall
and the outer wall can be used for inspecting the inner tank for
possible leakages. In case of damage, the inner tank can be
exchanged as readily as the known flexible inner tank made of
plastics film.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the storage tank of
the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a modification of a portion of the storage tank of FIG.
1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawing, the storage tank includes a
elongate outer tank 1 of substantially U-shaped vertical transverse
cross-section, shown, its upper side being the largest
cross-section of the tank. The bottom side is suitably rounded and
provided at its lowest point with a collecting gutter 2. The tank
is preferably provided at its bottom with legs 3 or a similar
support so that it is free-standing. The end faces may be flat so
that the tank has a rectangular cross-section in top-plan view. The
depth is preferably approximately twice the width or more so that
good use is made of the floor space required for mounting the tank.
Tank 1 is of metal, preferably sheet steel or the like.
The wall thickness of the outer tank 1 is so selected that when the
tank is filled to capacity, it is still reliably stable. The
thickness is therefore smaller than that of a comparable steel tank
of the usual type, the wall thickness of which is usually selected
50 percent greater because of the risk of corrosion.
The shape of the plastics inner tank 4 corresponds to that of the
outer tank but the inner tank has no collecting gutter. Its wall
thickness is optional since, as a result of the trough shape, any
flexible plastics tank suspended in the outer tank 1 will retain
its shape at any degree of filling. However, the wall thickness of
the inner tank 4 is advantageously so selected that, when empty,
the inner tank 4 will retain its shape even without the supporting
outer tank 1. In this case, a firm connection with the outer tank 1
is not essential. The outer surfaces of the inner tank 4 are
preferably provided with a plurality of ribs or burls which are
several millimeters thick and serve as spacing elements, as for
example, spacing elements 4a.
A cover 5 is provided which is substantially flat. Cover 5
preferably has an upturned edge so that a flat trough is formed
which is disposed in the opening of the inner tank 4. The cover 5
may be made of a metal such as steel, or more preferably of a
plastics material.
The cover 5 must be in adequate sealing engagement with the inner
tank 4 so as to prevent nuisance from odors given off by the
contents. This object may be achieved by passing a number of bolts
6 through corresponding openings arranged in the vertical part of
the cover edge of the inner tank 4 and the outer tank 1 as shown in
FIG. 1. A flexible plastics strip 7 of appropriate width is
preferably arranged between the upper edges of the inner 4 and the
outer tank 1, into which the spacing elements 4a of the inner wall
press, so that the space between the tanks 1 and 4 is filled up. If
the cover 5 is made of a plastic material, proper sealing is
provided by merely pressing it against the plastics material of the
inner tank 4. In this instance, steel strip 8 may be advantageously
arranged on the inside of the vertical cover edge which distributes
the pressure exerted by the bolts 6 more uniformly over the
plastics cover. If cover 5 is of steel, this additional steel strip
is of course unnecessary, although in this case strip 8 may be a
flexible plastics sealing strip.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the seal between the outer edge of the
cover 5 and the inner tank 4 may be provided by bending the cover 5
outwardly and horizontally mating with a horizontal edge 9 of the
outer tank 1. Pressing on is preferably again ensured by a series
of bolts 6. Sealing is preferably obtained by arranging a flexible
plastics strip 10 between the cover edge and the edge 9 (or a steel
strip 10 as discussed hereinabove). In both embodiments, tension
lever fasteners (not shown) may be used instead of the bolts 6.
A tubular connection 11 (FIG. 1) for connecting to filling and
discharge lines (not shown) is preferably arranged on the cover 5
so that the strength of the inner tank is not impaired by
additional welds. This arrangement has the additional advantage
that when the tank is slightly overfilled, for example by
negligence, the oil overflow is collected on the cover 5, from
which it can be easily removed.
Connections at the lower part of the tank are, however, necessary
when several tanks are to be combined into a so-called tank
battery. In this case, the lower parts of the end faces of the
inner tank 4 may be provided with a plastics connecting piece (not
shown) which is enclosed by an additional steel connecting piece
welded on to the outer tank 1. The interconnection of two tanks
thus equipped to form a battery is effected by a plastics tube
which is enclosed by another flexible metal tube or corrugated
tube. The metal tube is welded or soldered on to the sheet steel
connection of the outer tank at both ends, so that the double-wall
arrangement with the associated interspace is retained at the
connecting piece (all not shown).
The end faces of the outer tank 1 are suitably provided with a
connection 12 at the level of the collecting gutter 2, in which
connection a liquid trace element of a known type may be arranged
as a leakage indicator.
* * * * *