U.S. patent number 3,677,296 [Application Number 05/019,771] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-18 for fluid proportioner means.
Invention is credited to James E. Berger.
United States Patent |
3,677,296 |
Berger |
July 18, 1972 |
FLUID PROPORTIONER MEANS
Abstract
A fluid proportioning system for obtaining desired mixtures of
fluids has at least two fluid inlet conduits with each of said
conduits carrying a flow meter and flow control means. A common
conduit interconnects the inlet conduits and leads to an automatic
fluid supply control valve means for permitting passage of fluid in
the common conduit at a predetermined pressure and cutting off
fluid flow at a second predetermined pressure. A surge tank is
interconnected with the automatic fluid supply control valve means
for receiving fluid from the common conduit and an output conduit
delivers fluid from the surge tank. Preferably the automatic supply
control valve means is a mechanically operated pressure valve
circuit which has an inlet means for admitting fluid flow and an
outlet means for delivering fluid from the inlet means. Valve means
permits fluid flow from the inlet means to the outlet means in a
first position of the valve means and cuts off fluid flow from the
inlet to the outlet means in a second position. A fluid pressure
sensitive means controls the valve means to make it automatically
responsive to a buildup in pressure at the outlet means to shift
from the first to second position and automatically responsive to a
lowering of pressure in the outlet means to cause the valve means
to shift from the second position to the first position.
Inventors: |
Berger; James E. (Newton,
MA) |
Family
ID: |
21794955 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/019,771 |
Filed: |
March 16, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/606;
137/492.5; 92/76 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G05D
11/00 (20130101); Y10T 137/777 (20150401); Y10T
137/87684 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
G05D
11/00 (20060101); F16k 031/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/88,607,115,116.3,117,488,492,492.5,606 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nelson; M. Cary
Assistant Examiner: Zobkiw; David J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A fluid proportioner for obtaining a mixture of fluids
comprising,
at least two fluid inlet conduits,
each of said inlet conduits having a flow meter and flow control
means,
a common conduit interconnecting said inlet conduits and connecting
with an automatic fluid supply control valve means for permitting
passage of fluid at fluid pressures below a first predetermined low
pressure and cutting off fluid flow at a second predetermined
pressure higher than said first pressure,
said fluid supply control valve means comprising a mechanical
actuator responsive to said first fluid pressure and said second
fluid pressure for permitting and cutting off fluid flow
respectively,
a surge tank interconnected with said automatic fluid supply
control valve means for receiving fluid from said common conduit
through said automatic fluid supply control valve means, said first
and second pressures being sensed between said automatic fluid
supply control valve means and said surge tank,
a tank outlet means for delivering fluid from said tank,
a line pressure regulator in said tank outlet means for allowing
fluid flow therethrough at a pressure below said second
predetermined pressure,
said mechanical actuator comprising,
first means for moving in response to said predetermined low
pressure condition between said automatic fluid supply control
valve means and said tank and for moving reciprocally in response
to said predetermined high pressure condition between said
automatic fluid supply control valve means and said tank,
means for determining said low pressure condition and said high
pressure condition,
a first arm linked to said first means for movement in response to
movement of said first means,
and a second arm linked to said first arm by a spring whereby
predetermined movement of said first arm causes snap movement of
said second arm at a predetermined position of said first arm
permitting rapid actuation of said second arm at high and low
pressure values exerted on said first means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A large number of gas proportioning systems, i.e., systems for
providing a predetermined mixture of two or more gases, are known
in the art. Often such gas proportioners are electrically operated
or regulated making their usage in certain field or other
operations complicated because of the need for an electrical
supply.
It is an object of this invention to provide a fluid proportioner
for properly mixing two or more fluids in a predetermined
proportion which predetermined proportion can vary as desired.
Another object of this invention is to provide a gas proportioner
in accordance with the preceding object which does not require the
use of electric power.
Another object of this invention is to provide a gas proportioner
in accordance with the preceding objects which can be easily
constructed and which requires little or no maintenance over long
periods of time.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an automatic
fluid supply control valve circuit sensitive to fluid pressure and
automatically operable without the need for electric power.
It is a feature of this invention that the gas proportioners do not
have an explosion hazard since no electric power need be used.
Other features include ease of operation by unskilled personnel,
the lack of any minimum gas flow requirement and automatic
operation once an initial ratio of gases to be mixed is set up. Any
number of gases or other fluids can be blended by the systems of
this invention. Inexpensive reading, recording and adjustment
instruments can be incorporated in the systems. The systems can be
designed for a wide range of capacities and gas pressures. High
tolerances with good precision are obtained. Bypass valves can be
used to allow purging and sampling during ordinary operation.
Permanent calibration can be obtained and the systems are highly
versatile in that it is relatively simple to change the ratio of
any gas or liquid mixture to suit different applications.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A fluid proportioning system for obtaining desired mixtures of
fluids comprises at least two fluid inlet conduits each having a
flow meter and flow control means. A common conduit interconnects
the fluid inlet conduits and leads to an automatic fluid supply
control valve means for permitting passage of fluid in said common
conduit at a predetermined pressure and cutting off fluid flow at a
second predetermined pressure. A surge tank interconnects with the
automatic fluid supply control valve means for receiving fluid from
the common conduit. An output conduit delivers the fluid from the
surge tank preferably at a predetermined pressure.
Preferably an automatic fluid supply control valve means comprises
inlet means for admitting a fluid flow and outlet means for
delivering fluid from said inlet means. Valve means permit fluid
flow from the inlet means to the outlet means in a first position
of the valve means and cuts off fluid flow from the inlet to the
outlet means in a second position. A fluid pressure sensitive means
controls the valve means to make the valve means automatically
responsive to buildup in fluid pressure at the outlet means to
shift from the first position to the second position and
automatically responsive to a lowering of pressure in the outlet
means to cause the valve means to shift from the second position
back to the first position. Preferably the fluid pressure sensitive
means is mechanically actuated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present
invention will be better understood from the following
specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic showing of a preferred embodiment of a
fluid proportioner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic showing of a preferred embodiment of an
automatic fluid supply control valve means useful therein;
FIG. 3 is a second diagrammatic showing of the control valve system
means in a second position; and
FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic showings of side and top views
respectively of an element of the system of FIGS. 2 and 3.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
With reference now to the drawings, a preferred embodiment of a
fluid proportioner system is illustrated generally at 10 in FIG. 1
and comprises a supply and mixing section 11, an automatic supply
control valve system 12, a surge tank storage means 13, an output
section 14 and a purging section 15. The gas proportioner system 10
is set up to mix and regulate two gases such as argon and helium
which may be supplied at the same or different pressures and which
are blended, stored in a surge tank 13 and passed out of the system
through an output at a constant pressure to a user device (not
shown) requiring the uniform mixture of gases at a constant
pressure.
The supply and mixing section 11 of the preferred embodiment
provides for mixing of two gases although three or more gases can
be mixed by duplicating the elements leading to the common conduit
as desired.
The supply and mixing section 11 comprises two gas inputs 16 and
17, two inlet conduits 18 and 19, both of which meet at a T
connection supplying a common duct or conduit 20. Along each of
conduits 18 and 19 are positioned a fluid regulator 21 and 22
preferably having attached visual input gauges 23 and 24. Next in
line in the conduits 18 and 19 are conventional flow meters 25 and
26 respectively followed by flow adjust means such as needle valves
27 and 28.
The common duct 20 leads to the automatic supply control valve
system 12 as will be more fully described and from there through a
conduit 30 to check valve 31 which prevents backflow of gas. In
some cases, check valves can be provided in conduits 18 and 19 just
before the common duct or in the common duct with the check valve
31 eliminated. Conduit 32 leads the gas to a storage surge tank 13
preferably having a conventional gas pressure gauge 33 connected in
the line to determine the pressure of any gas in the surge tank
when desired. A conduit 34 leads to a conventional line regulator
35 having a conventional pressure gauge 36 attached thereto and
from thence to the output 14. Interconnected by conduits, with the
common duct 20 and conduit 34, is a manually operated three-way
bypass valve 40 having an atmospheric output 41 useful in purging
the system and setting up a desired flow as will be described.
The flow meters, needle valves, gauges, line regulators, check
valve and tanks are all of conventional design with many
substitutes possible. Similarly, the automatic supply control valve
system can be any control valve system which permits passage of gas
when the gas pressure in line 30 and consequently surge tank 13
falls below a predetermined value such as 80 pounds per square inch
and which shuts off gas flow to the surge tank when the pressure in
tank 13 and conduit 30 reaches a predetermined value such as 120
pounds per square inch. These values can be varied greatly
depending upon the particular conditions to be met.
In the preferred embodiment, the input connections 16 and 17 are
connected to predetermined gas supplies to be mixed. For example,
connection 16 can be connected with an argon gas supply at 200
p.s.i.g. with input 17 connected to a helium gas supply at 150
p.s.i.g. Line regulators 21 and 22 are adjusted to provide 125
p.s.i.g. in each of the conduits 18 and 19 beyond the regulators.
Flow meters 25 and 26 of a conventional type provide for visual
scanning of the flow rate in conduits 18 and 19 with manually
operated needle valves 27 and 28 permitting adjustment of the flow
rate as desired to obtain desired proportions. The gases move along
lines 18 and 19 in the direction of arrow 60. The gases are mixed
by flow turbulence when they pass through the T connection into the
common conduit 20. If the purging valve 40 is closed, the common
conduit carries the mixed and blended gases to the automatic supply
control valve means which automatically stops gas flow if the gas
pressure in line 30 and surge tank 13 is above 120 p.s.i.g. Check
valve 31 prevents backflow of gas from the surge tank 13. The surge
tank 13 acts as a gas storage means and is constantly maintained at
a pressure of the mixed gases within the range of from 80 to 120
pounds per square inch due to the action of the automatic supply
control valve system 12. When the output connection is opened, the
line regulator 35 permits flow of gas toward the output from the
surge tank at pressures below 75 p.s.i.g. As the pressure in the
surge tank drops, to a value below 80 p.s.i.g., the automatic
supply control valve opens to refill the tank.
The purge valve 40 is used to purge the system at the end of
operation, or at the beginning of operation to permit adjustment of
the needle valves and purging of the system. After the proper gas
ratios have been set up at the start, bypass valve 40 is closed
during normal operation.
Preferably, none of the elements in the system 10 are electrically
operated, therefore, the system is automatically operated by the
gas pressures involved once initial start up is made.
The automatic supply control valve system 12 is best illustrated in
FIGS. 2 and 3 with the system comprising a mechanical pressure
actuator 70, a pilot valve 80, a main gas valve 81, a check valve
82, and a snubber 83 interconnected by suitable conduit portions
84, 85, 86, 87, 88 and 89 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
In the preferred embodiment, the gas line of the common conduit 20
introduces the mixed gases to lines 84, 85 and the inlet of a
conventional spring biased two-position, normally closed, spool
valve 81 having an open position as shown in FIG. 2 and closed
position as shown in FIG. 3 with a conventional shuttle valve spool
member controlling the positions. Arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3
indicate gas flow in the open and closed position of valve 81.
The gas passes in the direction of arrows shown in FIG. 2 when the
spool valve 81 permits flow to conduit 30 with some of the gas
being directed to a pilot pressure control chamber 90 which
balances the bias of a spring 91 to keep the spool in the open
position. Gas from the outlet line 30 exerts a pressure in lines 87
and 88 and consequently through snubber 83 to a pressure sensitive
mechanical linkage or pressure actuator 70 while the gas is stopped
from flow toward the valve 80 by the check valve 82. In the open
position, the pilot valve 80 which is a three-outlet, 2-position
valve, permits passage of gas to exhaust gas from conduit 89
through the check valve 82 while preventing flow of gas from the
line 84 into the line 89. As can be seen from the drawing, the
spool valve is in an opened flow position only when sufficient gas
pressure exists in the chamber 90 to overcome the bias of the
spring 91 to a sufficient degree. In the preferred embodiment, the
spool valve is adjusted so that a minimum gas pressure of 80 p.s.i.
is required to permit flow through the valve 81.
The pressure sensitive actuator 70 of the preferred embodiment is
selected so that when the gas pressure in line 87, corresponding to
the gas pressure in outlet line 30, builds up beyond a value of 120
p.s.i.g., the actuator 70 will move a trip arm 92 to its extended
position to trip the switching mechanical member 93 of valve 80 as
shown, to the position shown in FIG. 3. Conversely, when line
pressure in outlet line 30 falls below 80 p.s.i.g., the trip arm 92
moves to its withdrawn position to permit gas flow to the surge
tank.
In the position shown in FIG. 3, valve 80 permits gas passage
between conduits 84 and 89 so that the gas pressure in the line 20
is superimposed over the spring pressure provided by spring 91 to
move the spool of valve 81 and close the valve 81. Since valve 80
in this position does not permit flow to line 88, gas flow is cut
off to the outlet line 30.
A preferred mechanical pressure sensitive actuator is
semidiagrammatically illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 where valve 80,
line 87 and snubber 83 are shown. The actuator 70 has a gas
pressure cylinder 100 connected to line 87 with a double ended
piston 101 connected to an actuator arm 103 by a linkage 102. Arm
103 is pivotally mounted on a rod 104. A bumper arm 105 is also
pivotally mounted on rod 104 for arcuate movement about the rod.
Stops 106 and 107 provide a set of limit or stop surfaces 108 and
109 for the actuator arm 103 and limit or stop surfaces 110 and 111
for bumper arm 105. A compression spring 112 is interconnected with
free ends of arms 103 and 105. The trip arm 92 is spring biased to
its withdrawn position by a spring (not shown). High pressure cut
off compression spring 113 and low pressure cut off compression
spring 114 are provided and are manually adjustable through
threaded bolts 115 and 116 respectively. Spring 114 is attached to
one end of piston 101 at one head 101A. The low pressure position
of the piston head 101A and springs is shown in dotted outline in
FIG. 5. The mechanical actuator thus comprises first means 101 for
reciprocally moving in response to high and low pressure
conditions. The springs 115 and 116 comprise means for determining
the high and low pressure conditions.
In operation, the reciprocal piston 101 is prevented from moving as
pressure builds up in line 87 by high pressure spring 113 until a
pressure of almost 120 p.s.i.g. is reached in line 87. When the
pressure reaches 120 p.s.i.g., the piston moves to the position
shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As the pressure is reduced in line 87,
spring 114 prevents movement until the pressure drops to about 80
p.s.i.g. whereupon piston 101 and arm 103 move in the direction of
arrows 120 and 121. Shortly before arm 103 reaches the stop surface
109, the force of compression spring 112 snaps arm 105 to its
inactive position shown in dotted outline in FIG. 4 against stop
surface 110. The snap action occurs when the attachment point of
spring 112 on arm 103 passes beyond a point vertically beneath the
attachment point of spring 112 on arm 105. When arm 105 is thus
disengaged, trip arm 92 automatically returns to its withdrawn
position shown in FIG. 2. As gas pressure builds up in line 87, low
pressure spring 114 prevents activation of trip arm 92 until a
pressure of 80 p.s.i.g. is reached whereupon arm 102 moves to snap
the bumper arm 105 into the position shown in FIG. 4 to extend trip
arm 92 to its operative position.
It should be understood that other automatic supply control valve
systems can be used in the gas proportioner of this invention.
Similarly, other pressure sensitive actuators and mechanical
linkages can be used as known in the art. The automatic supply
control valve means of this invention can be used in other systems
to start and stop fluid flow as desired as in liquid systems or gas
systems of all types.
Many variations are possible in the present invention. For example,
the main gas valve 81 can comprise a number of different types of
valves including a valve which allows elimination of line 85 and
the chamber 90. In this embodiment, a two-position main gas spool
valve is used with the spool automatically on (allowing gas flow to
conduit 30) until actuated by the mechanical linkage 92 so that
pressure exerted in line 89 moves the spool to a closed
position.
* * * * *