U.S. patent number 3,677,145 [Application Number 05/040,199] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-18 for expansion joint for road works.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Compagnie Industrielle de Precontrainte et d'Equipment des Constructions. Invention is credited to Gerard Charles Lucien Wattiez.
United States Patent |
3,677,145 |
Wattiez |
July 18, 1972 |
EXPANSION JOINT FOR ROAD WORKS
Abstract
A concrete roadway having a joint between adjacent sections is
provided with two plates, one secured upon each section, at the
ends. The plates have interdigitating fingers to carry traffic over
the joint. The plates are so tightly secured to the concrete by
bolting that they remain in compression even when traffic is
passing over the joint.
Inventors: |
Wattiez; Gerard Charles Lucien
(La Celle Saint Cloud, FR) |
Assignee: |
Compagnie Industrielle de
Precontrainte et d'Equipment des Constructions (Asnieres,
FR)
|
Family
ID: |
21909681 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/040,199 |
Filed: |
May 25, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
404/47;
404/58 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01D
19/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E01D
19/06 (20060101); E01D 19/00 (20060101); E01c
011/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;94/18,17 ;14/16 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Byers, Jr.; Nile C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. For carrying traffic over the gap between ends of two adjacent
concrete sections of a road, an expansion joint comprising:
two metal elements, each including a support for extension upon one
end of one section and a plurality of teeth extending in one
direction laterally from the support for traversing the gap, said
teeth being spaced from one another along said support, the ends of
said teeth having their upper edge substantially aligned with (1)
the upper edge of the bases thereof, (2) said support and (3) the
road; each support having means defining a generally planar lower
support face for supporting the support on the respective section
end; means defining at least one opening through the support and
through the support face; and means for securing the two metal
elements upon the ends of the respective adjacent sections, so that
the teeth of the two metal elements are interdigitated; the
securing means for each metal element comprising: at least one rod
extending generally perpendicular to said support face, means
engageable with the section for anchoring the lower portion of the
rod against upward movement with respect to the section; said rod,
above said anchoring means extending up through said opening means;
and vertically adjustable securement means on said rod above said
opening means tightenable, in combination with the anchoring means,
to provide such compressive force on said supports that when
vehicular traffic passes over the joint a reduction in compression,
but not an alternation between compression and tension, is created
in said supports.
2. The expansion joint of claim 1 wherein said teeth are
elongated.
3. The expansion joint of claim 2 further including, for each metal
element, a plate underlying the bases of the teeth thereof, said
plate being secured to said teeth and said support face extending
onto said plate.
4. The expansion joint of claim 2 wherein said teeth decrease in
vertical height as said teeth extend from the respective
supports.
5. The expansion joint of claim 1 wherein said supports are spaced
from one another and engagingly receive between them, below said
teeth a tubular extrusion of flexible material, said extrusion
being compressed between said supports.
6. The expansion joint of claim 5 wherein said supports, where they
engage said extrusion are roughened; and further including adhesive
means securing the extrusion to the roughened portions of said
supports.
7. The expansion joint of claim 1 wherein the upper ends of the
rods are threaded and the adjustable securement means comprise nuts
threadable on the threaded upper ends of the rods; and further
including a washer interposed between each nut and each respective
support.
8. The expansion joint of claim 7 further including a tubular pipe
for each rod, each tubular pipe being arranged to be cast into the
concrete, receive the respective rod and have the upper and lower
ends of the rod protrude therefrom; the anchoring means comprising
an annular flange on each rod exposed below the respective tubular
pipe.
9. The expansion joint of claim 1 further comprising a sheet of
flexible plastic material underlying the support faces of both
metal elements and having sufficient slack to hang in a fold in the
gap.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an expansion joint for roadways such as
bridge roadways, comprising sections of concrete laid end to end so
as to have small gaps between ends of concrete sections at the
joints.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One purpose of the invention is providing an expansion joint making
it possible to assure the continuity of the road from one section
of concrete to the next for the passage of vehicles. More
particularly, the invention provides such an expansion joint that
is inexpensive to make, easy to lay and small in size, while
assuring excellent attachment of the joint to the sections of road
so as to minimize the effect of repeated passage of vehicles over
the joint.
The invention has for an object, an expansion joint for roads such
as, but not limited to, bridge roadways, comprising two metal
elements, each carried by one of the two adjacent sections of the
road whose two ends face each other, each of the metal elements
comprising a plurality of teeth arranged side by side, extending in
cantilevered fashion, from said element, toward the other element
and going into the spaces separating the corresponding teeth of
said other element, a support for said teeth forming with said
teeth a single metal piece, a lower support face that is fairly
planar to rest on a part of said portion of the road supporting
said element, and attachment means, comprising at least a rod that
is fairly perpendicular to said support face and carries at one of
its ends a means of attachment onto said element and on its other
end a means of attachment on to said portion of the road supporting
said element, at least one of said attachment means being movable
along said rod and working with a member making it possible to pull
it with a predetermined force in the direction of the other of said
attachment means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will now be explained more in detail with the aid of
the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a joint according to the
invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the joint of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, similar to FIG. 1, of a
modification of the joint of the invention.
Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 2, the expansion joint represented
comprises two metal parts 1 and 2 carried respectively by two
sections 3 and 4 of the concrete roadway whose ends 5 and 6 face
one another. (The concrete roadway is shown surfaced with a
conventional road surfacing agent, e.g. macadam.) Each of the two
metal elements comprises a support 7, or 8, from which there extend
in the direction of the end of the corresponding portion of the
work, parallel, elongated teeth 9 or 10. These teeth extend along a
plane parallel to the upper face of portions 5 and 6 on which the
road surface is placed. The teeth 9 and 10 interdigitate, as can be
seen in the figure, teeth 9 going into the spaces separating teeth
10 from one another. These teeth form, with the support, which they
extend across a single metal piece resembling a comb that can be
made of steel, a weather-resisting light metal alloy or the
like.
Each of the metal elements 1 and 2 rests on portion 5 or 6 by a
fairly planar lower support face comprising, for element 1, the
lower face 11 of support 7 and the lower face of a metal plate 12
which is located under the part of teeth 9 which is not overhanging
in relation to end 5 or portion 3. Between portion 5, on the one
hand, and support 7 and plate 12, on the other hand, is placed a
mortar bed 13. Of course, element 2 is made in the same way and its
lower face 14 and the lower face of a plate 15, rest on a mortar
bed 16 laid on portion 4. As can be seen in FIG. 1, ends 17 and 18
of teeth 9 and 10 have their upper edge aligned with the upper
edges of the bases of teeth 9 and 10, of supports 7 and 2 and the
roadway. On the other hand, the vertical height of the ends of
teeth 17 and 18 is small in comparison with the vertical height of
said teeth at their base, so that at the time of bringing portions
3 and 4 together, end 17 of a tooth 9 can slide horizontally above
plate 15, while end 18 of tooth 10 can move in an identical way
above plate 12. Thus, a great support surface is obtained for
elements 1 and 2, associated with a considerable path due to the
length of teeth such as 9 and 10, without supports 1 or 2 of the
teeth being large.
Attachment of element 1 on portion 3 is performed by means of rods
19 fairly perpendicular to support face 11 and going into said
portion. These rods 19 can, for example, be inserted in orifices
made by pipes 20 which assure the formation of the orifice at the
time the concrete is cast. The lower end of rod 19 is screwed into
a force distributing piece 21 including an annular flange 22, but
which could also be in the shape of a truncated cone, the small
base of the frustum of the cone being located on the side of
support 7. This piece 21 makes it possible to secure the rod in
portion 3. The other end of rod 19 can receive an element such as a
nut 23 which can rest on support 7 by means of a washer 24 and
which acts as an element for attachment on element 1. It can be
seen that by tightening nut 23 or threaded rod 19, it is possible
to lock the lower support face, made up of support 7 and plate 12,
with such a force that the passage of the vehicle wheels over the
overhanging ends 17 of teeth 9 creates in the rest of the parts
making up the joint only a reduction of the compression forces
exerted by the tension of rod 19. Thus is avoided the mechanical
fatigue due to the alternating compression and traction forces
which occur in the joints of the prior art. Moreover, the
prestressing created in the concrete of portion 3 because of the
tightening of nut 23 makes it possible to involve a greater mass of
concrete in the attachment of element 1.
Of course, instead of being buried in portion 3, head 21 could rest
on the lower face of the portion through which rod 19 would pass
all the way through. In such case, head 21 could also be replaced
by a nut working with a washer such as 24. Of course, elements
other than nuts could be used to pull the support with
predetermined force toward portion 3.
Referring now to FIG. 3, an embodiment is shown which is intended
for joining two portions 3 and 4 that are relatively close
together. Elements 1 and 2 include teeth 25 and 26 which are not so
elongated as are the teeth in the preceding example. The shape of
teeth 25 and 26, looked at from above, can be, for example,
equilaterally triangular. Between the two elements 1 and 2 is
placed a compressible fluid-tight fitting 27, preferably made of a
shape of hollow extruded elastomer presenting at least a lengthwise
interior cavity so as to permit, at the time of bringing elements 1
and 2 together, the horizontal edges of this fluid-tight fitting 27
to be deformed in the direction of said cavity. Thus, at the time
of compression of the fitting, the size of the fitting need not
increase in the direction perpendicular to that of the compression.
Fitting 27 is preferably adhered to the elements 1 and 2, which may
be roughened where the adhering is to take place. A suitable
adhesive is used. Shorter teeth 28, 29, can be provided in elements
1 and 2, below teeth 25 and 26 to form with them a sort of cage in
which fitting 27 is captive.
Between element 1 and portion 3, on the one hand, element 2 and
portion 4, on the other hand, is inserted, before mounting of the
expansion joint, a sheet 30 of flexible plastic material which
includes a central free part 31 placed under teeth 25 and 26. This
free part 31 forms a fold under the action of the weight. Sheet 30
thus makes it possible to prevent moisture from coming in between
the ends of portions 3 and 4.
It should now be apparent that the expansion joint for road works
as described hereinabove possesses each of the attributes set forth
in the specification under the heading "Summary of the Invention"
hereinbefore. Because the expansion joint for road works of the
invention can be modified to some extent without departing from the
principles of the invention as they have been outlined and
explained in this specification, the present invention should be
understood as encompassing all such modifications as are within the
spirit and scope of the following claims.
* * * * *