U.S. patent number 3,675,576 [Application Number 05/012,323] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-11 for reloadable two-piece shotgun cartridge.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Colorado Business Development Corporation. Invention is credited to Charles D. Whitney.
United States Patent |
3,675,576 |
Whitney |
July 11, 1972 |
RELOADABLE TWO-PIECE SHOTGUN CARTRIDGE
Abstract
A 2-piece, all plastic, reloadable shotgun cartridge contains
the conventional elements of a shotgun cartridge, i.e., shot,
wadding, primer and a powder charge. A crimp step makes for easier
crimping; a self-locking feature is provided by serrations; and
powder reloading can be easily accomplished from both ends of the
shell casing portion of the cartridge.
Inventors: |
Whitney; Charles D. (Pasadena,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Colorado Business Development
Corporation (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21754420 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/012,323 |
Filed: |
February 18, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
102/469;
102/466 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F42B
5/313 (20130101); F42B 7/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F42B
7/00 (20060101); F42B 7/06 (20060101); F42B
5/00 (20060101); F42B 5/313 (20060101); F42b
007/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;102/42,42C,43,43P,43C,95,44 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
919,583 |
|
Dec 1946 |
|
FR |
|
929,082 |
|
Jun 1963 |
|
GB |
|
1,078,338 |
|
May 1954 |
|
FR |
|
Primary Examiner: Stahl; Robert F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. a. a generally cylindrical base member, said base member
provided with a threaded annular opening extending axially
therethrough;
b. a generally cylindrical hollow casing member open on one end and
including an externally threaded neck end of less diameter than
said casing member on the other end, means whereby said neck end is
provided with an annular opening extending therethrough and
communicating with the hollow portion of said casing member;
c. means whereby the threaded annular opening extending axially
through the base member is adapted to receive the neck end of said
casing member;
d. means wherein said base member includes a mating end adapted to
mate with said casing member, and a beveled surface means
connecting said mating end and the opening extending axially,
therethrough, and
e. means whereby said casing member includes an intermediary
truncated surface between the outer surface of said casing and said
threaded neck end.
2. The ammunition cartridge of claim 1 wherein the beveled surface
of said base member includes a plurality of serrations adapted to
mate with the intermediary truncated surface of said casing
member.
3. The ammunition cartridge of claim 2 wherein the outer surface of
the open end of said casing member is reduced in diameter to
provide a crimping position forming a shoulder between the reduced
surface and the remaining portion of said casing member.
4. In an ammunition cartridge including a base member and a casing
member adopted to be joined together to form a single integral
piece;
said casing member including:
a. a generally cylindrical hollow body open on one end and
including an externally threaded neck end of less diameter than
said hollow body on the other end;
b. means whereby said neck is provided with an annular opening
extending therethrough and communicating with the hollow portion of
said hollow body;
c. an intermediary truncated surface adjacent said threaded neck
end; and
d. a planar surface between said truncated surface and the outer
wall of hollow body.
Description
The present invention relates to a shotgun cartridge, and, in
particular, to a reloadable 2-piece plastic shotgun case which
provides features for more easily reloading shot, powder, and the
wadding used in such activity. The present invention is primarily
for use by trap and skeet shooting, as well as upland (small) game
bird shooting. However, the shotgun cartridge, according to the
present invention, could be satisfactorily used in all types of
hunting, and for law enforcement purposes, as well as skeet and
trap shooting and for hunting upland game birds.
One feature of the present invention is to provide a novel shotgun
cartridge having a powder cavity with specific dimensions to reduce
the possibility of overloading or underloading with the powder
charge.
Another feature of the present invention is to provide a reloadable
shotgun shell in which the powder charge can be inserted from
either end of the cartridge.
Another feature of the present invention is the provision of a shot
retaining disk which easily separates so as not to interfere with
the shot pattern after it leaves the barrell.
Another feature of the present invention is to provide a reloadable
shotgun cartridge wherein crimping of the forward end of the
cartridge is made simplified through the use of a novel crimp
step.
Another feature of my invention is to provide serrations on the
base piece of the cartridge which, when secured to mate with the
shell portion of the cartridge, provides a self-locking mechanism
for a more safe operating device.
Still another feature of the present invention is a step provided
in the inner wall of the shell piece of the cartridge upon which
the powder wad rests thereby providing a receptacle for the powder
charge of uniform dimension and to permit loading of the powder
wad, shot and crimp prior to loading of the powder charge.
Another feature of my invention is to provide a more economical
cartridge for the user wherein the base piece and shell portion of
the shell may be purchased either as a complete integral factory
loaded cartridge, or as a shell piece, factory loaded; the shell
piece only, or the base piece only. The primer charge, powder
charge, powder wad and shot are all available on the market today,
and no special tooling is required to reload the cartridge.
Other features and advantages, both mechanical and economical, will
become apparent to those skilled in the art of shotgun cartridges
after a careful perusal of the following specifications, claims and
drawings, of which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a finished shotgun cartridge shell
with a portion cut away to better illustrate the structural
features;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the base and shell
portions of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the shell portion of the
cartridge;
FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of the base portion of the
cartridge;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the base showing the serrations;
FIG. 6 is an end view of the cartridge crimp of the present
invention;
FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of a shell partly broken away
showing the use of a novel shot retaining disk;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the shot retaining disk;
FIG. 9 is a side elevation view of the shot retaining disk; and
FIG. 10 is a cross-section of the shot retaining disk.
Referring now to the drawings in which like items are given the
same reference numeral in all the Figures, a shotgun cartridge 10,
is made up of two main sections. The two main sections consist of a
base 11 and shell casing 12. Base 11 is preferably made from a
molded, hard, durable plastic material, as of, for example, glass
filled Nylon. Shell casing 12 is made from a more pliable (in
relation to base 11) but durable plastic material as of, for
example, polyethylene.
Base 11 is apertured to provide for a receptacle or opening 15 to
receive a primer 13 and is provided with an outwardly projecting
flange 14 as is well known in the art of cartridge making. The
length of opening 15 is shorter than the length of a primer cap so
that primer will extend into the mating shell casing portion.
Opening 15 is provided with threads 17 at its mating end, opposite
from flange end 14. The threaded portion of the aperture is of
greater diameter than that portion which receives primer 13, while
the extreme mating end portion of the aperture is provided with a
beveled surface at 16. The surface of the bevel 16 may be provided
with serrations 30 for positive locking action when the base is
mated.
Shell Casing 12 is generally cylindrical in shape with a threaded
neck end 18 and crimping end 20. Threaded neck end 18 is reduced in
diameter in relation to the diameter of casing 12, and is provided
with a tapered intermediary surface 26 between the cylindrical
surface of casing 12 and threaded neck end 18 to allow a mating
with base 11 as is best seen in FIG. 2. Crimping end 20 is provided
with slightly thinner or reduced wall thickness compared with the
center portion of shell casing 12. This reduction in wall thickness
is accomplished by a lessening of the outer wall diameter of the
cylindrical casing at crimping end 20 to form a shoulder 22 so that
a crimp step is formed. Shoulder 22 is purposely rounded, so that
when the casing is inserted into the breech of a shotgun, the
rounded shoulder makes for easier entering therein, thus more
fool-proof operation, especially in automatic and pump action type
shotguns. The hollow inner wall of casing 12 is smooth from the
crimp end 20 down to an internal annular step 23 formed therein.
From step 23 the inner wall is curved inwardly until the inner wall
diameter is reduced to equal the outer diameter of a primer hole,
and remains constant until the threaded end is reached.
As shown in FIG. 1, the shotgun cartridge described is designed to
receive a standard, commercially available shot wad container 25
loaded with shot, and a powder wad 26. Shot wad container 25 and
powder wad 26 may be also purchased or made as a single, integral
package. Powder wad 26 rests on step 23 to form a powder charge
cavity 27 containing a powder charge 28. By the provision of step
23, the shell casing 12 may be reloaded by inserting the powder wad
26 and shot container 25, shot, then crimping the shell casing. The
powder charge can then be added at any time from the threaded neck
end 18 of shell casing 12. When the shell casing is fully loaded
with shot, wad and powder charge, the base 11 containing the primer
may be screwed on to shell casing 12. It is noted that base 11 may
be provided with a ring of serrations 30 which may extend slightly
beyond outwardly tapered portion 16. Serrations 30 serve to provide
a positive locking action when the base and shell casing are mated.
In the event more positive locking is required, a raised ridge may
be provided around the outer surface of shell casing portion 12 at
the tapered portion 21.
What has been shown is a novel, two piece shotgun cartridge joined
by threads and locked together by serrations formed on the abutting
ends of the shell portions so that the two pieces are screwed
together the serrations on the base bite into the mating portion to
prevent unwanted unscrewing of the two pieces.
The description of the drawings are in no way meant to be limiting,
as many variations and modifications may be made in keeping with
the true scope of the present invention. For example, the threaded
portions of base 11 and threaded neck end 18 of casing 12 may be
made to extend all the way through opening 15 of base 11 so that
the primer will be inserted directly into the opening of threaded
neck end 18 of casing 12.
It may be desirable in certain conditions, to provide an alternate
means for retaining the shot in the casing portion of the shell
FIG. 8 shows a shot retaining disk 31, made from a hard plastic
material. The periphery of disk 31 is provided with a raised lip
33. The top portion of disk 31 is provided with grooves 32 across
the diameter of disk 31, which divide disk 31 into four quarters.
FIG. 7 shows shot retaining disk 31 crimped at 33 by inturning the
end of the shell casing over lip 33 of the disk. When the shotgun
shell is detonated, disk 31 will break up or peel away at the
grooves 32 when leaving the muzzle of the shotgun without
interferring with the shot pattern.
Such changes and modifications will be understood by those skilled
in the art that the foregoing description embodies as preferred but
that further modifications and changes may be made without
departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as set forth
in the following claims.
* * * * *