U.S. patent number 3,673,987 [Application Number 05/054,923] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-04 for livestock container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Bakelite Xylonite Limited. Invention is credited to Clive R. Fletcher.
United States Patent |
3,673,987 |
Fletcher |
July 4, 1972 |
LIVESTOCK CONTAINER
Abstract
A container for transporting livestock which comprises at least
two livestock containing chambers connected together in
side-by-side relation each chamber being cup-shaped and of
substantially circular cross-section and having a lid-retaining
flange round its open end and a number of ventilation apertures
arranged round the upper portion of its wall below the said flange,
and a lid for each chamber, said lid having a dependent flange for
engagement with the lid retaining flange of the chamber, the flange
on the lid being of sufficient depth to cover the wall of the
chamber to a level below the level of the bottom of the ventilation
apertures and being so formed that when the chamber is covered with
the lid a space through which air can flow into the chamber via the
apertures is left between the wall of the chamber and the flange on
the lid.
Inventors: |
Fletcher; Clive R. (Colchester,
EN) |
Assignee: |
Bakelite Xylonite Limited
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
10386738 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/054,923 |
Filed: |
July 15, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jul 18, 1969 [GB] |
|
|
36,288/69 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
119/490;
220/23.6; 206/519; 229/120.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
1/30 (20130101); B65D 43/0212 (20130101); B65D
81/263 (20130101); A01K 45/005 (20130101); B65D
85/50 (20130101); B65D 2543/00685 (20130101); B65D
2543/00527 (20130101); B65D 2543/00574 (20130101); B65D
2543/00629 (20130101); B65D 2543/00537 (20130101); B65D
2543/00296 (20130101); B65D 2543/0074 (20130101); B65D
2543/00796 (20130101); B65D 2543/0012 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
43/02 (20060101); B65D 81/26 (20060101); B65D
1/22 (20060101); B65D 1/30 (20060101); B65D
85/50 (20060101); A01k 001/02 (); A01k
031/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;119/15,19,18,17
;229/23,35,6 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Medbery; Aldrich F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A container for transporting livestock which comprises: at least
two livestock containing chambers connected together in
side-by-side relation each chamber being cup-shaped and of
substantially circular cross-section and having a lid-retaining
flange round its open end, a plurality of first ventilation
apertures arranged around the upper portion of its side walls and a
base having a plinth projecting therefrom; and a lid for each
chamber including a plurality of second apertures in its top
portion and having a dependent flange for engagement with the
lid-retaining flange of the chamber, said dependent flange having a
sufficient depth to cover the wall of said chamber to a level below
the level of the bottom of said first ventilation apertures to
provide a space between the walls of said chamber and said
dependent flange through which air can flow into said chamber
through said apertures, and said lid having a recessed portion
capable of supporting the plinth of a second container stacked
thereon without blocking the passage of air to said plurality of
second ventilation apertures positioned in said lid around said
recessed portion.
2. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the junction of the
wall of each chamber with its base is radiused.
3. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chambers are
connected together by a common section of the lid-retaining
flange.
4. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is a stiffening
rib between two interconnected chambers.
5. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chambers are so
interconnected that there is a common air space in the
container.
6. A container as claimed in claim 5, wherein a part of the wall of
each chamber in the region in which two chambers are connected
together is cut away.
7. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein a separate lid is
provided for each chamber.
8. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chambers are all
closed by a single lid.
9. A container as claimed in claim 1, which consists of two
chambers.
10. A container as claimed in claim 9, wherein a single lid is
provided which covers both chambers and which is hinged in the
middle to allow separate access to the two chambers.
Description
This invention relates to containers for transporting livestock,
especially small livestock such as day-old chicks.
The container of the invention comprises at least two livestock
containing chambers connected together in side-by-side relation
each chamber being cup-shaped and of substantially circular
cross-section and having a lid-retaining flange round its open end
and a number of ventilation apertures arranged round the upper
portion of its wall below the said flange, and a lid for each
chamber, said lid having a dependent flange for engagement with the
lid-retaining flange of the chamber, the flange on the lid being of
sufficient depth to cover the wall of the chamber to a level below
the level of the bottom of the ventilation apertures and being so
formed that when the chamber is covered with the lid a space
through which air can flow into the chamber via the apertures is
left between the wall of the chamber and the flange on the lid.
Because included right angled corners of the container make it more
difficult to clean, it is preferable to radius as many of these as
is practically possible and at least those occurring inside the
chambers at the junctions of the wall of each chamber with its
base.
There may be provided a separate lid for each chamber of the
container or a single lid may be provided for all the chambers.
When the container consists of only two chambers a single lid may
be hinged in the middle to allow separate access to each
chamber.
The chambers are preferably connected together by a common section
of the lid-retaining flange of the chambers and to improve the
rigidity of the system there is preferably provided a stiffening
rib between two chambers that are connected together.
Advantageously the chambers are connected together so that a common
air space exists in the container. Preferably therefore a part of
the top of the wall of each chamber in the region in which the
chambers are connected together is cut away.
Preferably the containers are stackable and to this end there is
advantageously provided a plinth on the base of each chamber which
will fit into a recess in each lid. For added ventilation there may
be provided additional ventilation apertures in the chamber lids
and advantageously the plinth and recess are so designed that when
two containers are stacked the base of the top container is spaced
from the lid of the bottom container to allow air flow through the
apertures in the lid.
It is also desirable that the containers be stackable at right
angles to one another so that rows of containers may be interlocked
for stability. Preferably therefore the design and dimensions of
the container are such that the distance between the centers of two
adjacent chambers of the container is the same as the distance
between the centers of two adjacent chambers of two containers
arranged side-by-side.
The ventilation apertures in the walls of the chambers are
preferably formed immediately below the lid-retaining flange and
are preferably arranged in several groups with blank portions of
wall between. Over the blank portions the lid-retaining flange is
preferably narrower than over the apertured portions and the lid
may be formed with clips for engagement with the flange in one or
more of these narrower portions.
For stability and ease of stacking the lid-retaining flanges and,
of course, the lids, advantageously have straight portions
preferably on the sides and/or ends of the containers so that the
containers are in effect rectangular boxes even though they contain
circular chambers. Preferably the straight portions of the flange
are also the narrower portions thereof.
To ensure that adequate ventilation is maintained when a large
number of containers are stacked side by side and one on top of the
other, the container and lid are preferably designed to have a
necked portion between the chambers which, by allowing vertical air
columns to remain when the containers are stacked, enhance the
ventilation afforded by the spacing of the lid flanges from the
walls of the chambers of individual containers.
Preferably, the containers are so formed that when the lids are
removed they can be nested one inside the other. For this purpose
there is preferably provided means for preventing one container
from becoming jammed inside another. Preferably also, the
containers are so formed that when the lids are removed they can be
nested at right-angles to one another so that rows of the nested
empty containers can be interlocked for stability.
Although it is basically possible for a container to consist of any
number of chambers the container preferably consists of two
chambers only as then the containers are easier to handle because
they are not too heavy and are reasonably rigid and with only two
compartments the number of animals that is being dealt with at any
one time is within reasonable limits.
The container of the invention may be made of any mouldable
material that will give adequate strength combined with lightness
and ease of mouldability. Preferably also the material should be a
good insulator especially when the container is to be used for
day-old chicks. Suitable materials are plastics materials, for
example polyethylene and polypropylene especially in foamed form or
foamed polyurethane. Structural foams, particularly of high-density
polyethylene as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 3,268,636
are especially suitable.
The container may be made by any desired forming process but is
preferably made by injection moulding.
The invention will now be described in greater detail by way of
example, with reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one form of container in accordance
with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation partially in section of the container
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the container shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a detail drawing showing the nesting of two containers;
3.
FIG. 5 is a partial section of line H--H of FIG. .3.
Referring to the drawings the container comprises two chambers 1 of
circular cross-section, which are connected together with a
bridging piece 2. The two chambers 1 each comprise a base 3 having
an annular plinth 4 and a side wall 5. The junction 6 of the base 3
and wall 5 is rounded. The wall 5 about half way up has a step 7
and the upper part of each chamber 1 is of greater diameter than
the lower part. At the step 7 on the outside of each chamber 1 are
provided, at three points separated by 90.degree., short ribs 8
which act as stops when two containers, less lids, are nested one
within the other.
Around the open ends of the two chambers 1 is a continuous,
lid-retaining flange 9. The flange 9 is not of equal width at all
points and is so formed that straight portions 10 extend along the
sides of the container and straight portions 11 exist at the ends
of the container.
The wall 5 of the chamber has a plurality of ventilation apertures
12 which are arranged in four groups spaced round the rim of the
chamber immediately below the flange 9. The groups of apertures 12
are so arranged that they are diametrically opposed in the wall of
the chamber and that no apertures 12 exist in the regions where the
flange 9 is narrowest.
In the bridging piece 2, the edge of the two chambers 1 is formed
into a common lip which is below the level of the tops of the walls
of the chambers 1. A strengthening piece 13 is formed below the
bridging piece 2 and extends down to the level of the step 7.
In the region of the bridging piece 2 the flange 9 is reduced in
width producing a portion 14 in which the distance across the
flange 9 is less than the diameter of the chambers 1.
The lid 15 (only one half of which is shown) is substantially
planar except for a flange 16 for engagement with the flange 9 and
two recessed portions 17 which are coaxial with the chambers 1,
when the lid is on the container, and are capable of receiving the
plinths 4 on the base 3 of the container. The lid 15 has a ring of
ventilation apertures 18 around each recessed portion 17 and the
depth of the recessed portions 17 is such that when the plinths 4
of a second container are received therein there is an air space
between the base 3 of the upper container and the lid 15 of the
lower container.
The flange 16 is of sufficient depth to cover the walls 5 of the
chambers to a level below the level of the bottom of the apertures
12.
The shape of the lid 15 corresponds closely to the shape of the
flange 9 except in the portion 14. At the ends 11 of the container
the lid is provided with clips 19 which engage under the flange 9
at these points.
The lid 15 as is shown in the drawings is in a rigid single piece
and has a strengthening rib 20 in the region where it crosses the
bridging piece 2 but this is not essential and either the lid could
be made in two pieces if clips 19 are provided to engage with the
flange 9 in the straight portions 10, or the lid could be provided
with a hinge across the bridging portion 2.
One particular advantage of the container of this invention arises
from the provision of chambers having substantially circular
cross-sections. This provision reduces losses of livestock during
transit which, in conventional containers can be caused by
livestock becoming entrapped in a corner and suffocated and/or
crushed by other livestock.
* * * * *