U.S. patent number 3,673,731 [Application Number 05/154,848] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-04 for reversible aerodynamic disc and gyroscopic toy.
Invention is credited to Edward H. Farhi, Raphael Farhi.
United States Patent |
3,673,731 |
Farhi , et al. |
July 4, 1972 |
REVERSIBLE AERODYNAMIC DISC AND GYROSCOPIC TOY
Abstract
A disc with an aerodynamically shaped concave/convex surface and
an inwardly turned rim has a central portion that includes a
central circular depression in at least one transverse end surface
thereof. The depression has a concave bottom and a right
cylindrical side wall. In one embodiment of the invention, the
central portion constitutes a readily removable and invertible plug
so that the central depression may be arranged to face either
inwardly or outwardly of the disc. In an alternative embodiment of
the invention, the central portion is made integrally with the
concave/convex surface and oppositely facing central depressions
are formed on both (inner and outer) transverse end surfaces
thereof. The disc is adapted to be spun by twirling an elongated
wand the tip of which is in an inwardly or outwardly facing central
depression of the disc, the disc being supported by the wand during
such twirling. With the concave surface of the disc facing
downwardly, twirling of the wand causes the disc to rotate, and
after the disc is turning with sufficient speed a slight push of
the wand in an upward direction will cause the disc either to hover
or to sail through the air depending upon the magnitude and
direction of the force applied by the wand and the speed of
rotation of the disc. With the concave surface of the disc facing
upwardly, either by inverting the central plug as in the first
embodiment or by inverting the entire disc as in the second
embodiment, a gyroscopic toy is provided. With the disc rotating
and with its concave surface facing upwardly, the lower end of the
wand the tip of which now is in the outwardly and downward facing
depression can be placed on a flat surface where it will remain
erect with the disc spinning on its upper end without any support
for the wand. Should the wand be removed in this second mode of
operation, the disc because of its aerodynamic configuration which
generates a downward force, will descend and spin on the flat
surface like a top. A feature of the invention is that both the
central depression and the tip of the wand that coacts therewith
are provided with low friction surfaces.
Inventors: |
Farhi; Raphael (New York,
NY), Farhi; Edward H. (New York, NY) |
Family
ID: |
22553059 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/154,848 |
Filed: |
June 21, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
446/46;
D21/443 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
33/18 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
33/00 (20060101); A63H 33/18 (20060101); A63h
001/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/47,51,74R,74D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mancene; Louis G.
Assistant Examiner: Cutting; Robert F.
Claims
Having now described the invention, there is claimed as new and
desired to be secured by Letters Patent:
1. A reversible, aerodynamic and gyroscopic toy comprising:
a. a concave/convex disc with a peripheral rim;
b. a central boss formed on said disc, said boss including a plug
defined by two axially spaced, transverse end surfaces;
c. a central circular depression formed in at least one of said
transverse end surfaces of said plug said plug being structured to
dispose a depression in downwardly facing orientations regardless
of whether the concave or convex surface of the disc faces
upwardly; and
d. an elongated wand having a circular tip that is receivable in
said depression so that by twirling the wand the disc can be
spun.
2. A toy in accordance with claim 1 wherein said plug is removable
and wherein means is provided for releasably retaining said plug in
said disc whereby when said toy is used aerodynamically said
depression in said plug and said concave surface of said disc face
downwardly and when said toy is used gyroscopically said plug is
removed and inverted so that said depression therein still faces
downwardly and said concave surface of said disc faces upwardly
3. A toy in accordance with claim 2 wherein said retaining means
comprises mating screw threads.
4. A toy in accordance with claim 1 wherein the coacting surfaces
of said depression and said wand are coated with a low-friction
material.
5. A toy in accordance with claim 1 wherein said disc and said plug
are integral and a depression is formed in both axially spaced
transverse end surfaces of said plug.
6. A toy in accordance with claim 5 wherein the coacting surfaces
of said plug and said wand are coated with a low-friction
material.
7. A toy in accordance with claim 1 wherein the depression has a
concave base and a right cylindrical side wall and wherein the top
of the wand has a convex top.
8. A toy as set forth in claim 7 wherein the radius of curvature of
the base of the depression is greater than the radius of curvature
of the top of the wand.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to toys and, more particularly, to
a combination flying saucer and gyroscopic toy in the form of a
reversible aerodynamic disc.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A very popular toy presently on the market is called a "Frisbee"
and is disclosed in U. S. Pat. No. 3,359,678, granted on Dec. 26,
1967 to Edward E. Headrick. The toy, which is usually made of a
self-form-maintaining plastic material, is saucer-shaped and is
provided with a peripheral rim. The rim curves downwardly from a
concave/convex radially inward portion (the base of the saucer)
that approximates the shape of an airfoil. The cross-sectional
configuration of the Frisbee utilizes the well known
characteristics of airfoil lift so that when the toy is thrown in a
fashion such that it rotates about its central axis while
travelling along a path through the air, it simulates the flight of
a flying saucer.
It is also well known that a dish can be set into spinning motion
and then supported on a twirling wand. Jugglers frequently use
these.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
1. Brief Description of the Invention
The present invention is comprised of a concave/convex,
aerodynamically shaped rimmed disc having a central plug. In the
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central plug is
readily removable and invertible either by threading, or a bayonet
type interlock, or any suitable snap-action arrangement. The
central plug is provided with a central circular depression in at
least one transverse end face thereof. The depression has a concave
bottom and right cylindrical side wall. The toy comprising the
present invention may be used as a flying saucer by setting the
disc spinning through twirling of a wand having its tip in the
depression, the concave surface of the disc and the depression
facing downwardly. Thereafter a slight upward push on the wand or
withdrawing the wand downwardly will cause the spinning disc to
hover or fly. When the central plug is inverted in the preferred
embodiment of this invention the disc assumes gyroscopic
characteristics and, with the concave surface facing upwardly and
the depression facing downwardly, the disc may, through twirling on
a wand having its tip in the depression, be set spinning so that
the disc will gyroscopically balance on the wand if the lower end
thereof is supported on a flat surface. Alternatively, the central
plug may be provided with central depressions on both transverse
end surfaces and the disc may be used as described hereinabove,
either as a flying saucer or as a gyroscopic toy. With the central
depressions formed on both transverse end faces the plug preferably
is integral with the disc. It is advantageous to provide a coating
of a low friction material such as Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene)
on the cooperating surfaces of the wand and the central
depression(s).
The disc desirably has its rim thickened to concentrate a large
portion of the mass of the toy as far from the axis of rotation as
is possible so as to increase the rotational momentum (flywheel
effect). As is well known, the rotational momentum, or spin,
depends on the mass of the disc, the square of the distance of the
individual particles of the mass to the axis or rotation and the
speed of rotation or revolutions per minute. When the toy is used
as a gyroscope it will continue to spin as long as no external
forces act upon the disc or until friction slows the disc to a
degree at which it will no longer gyroscopically maintain its
horizontal aspect with the wand erect.
2. Purposes of the Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved
spinning toy.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an
improved spinning toy that combines the characteristics of a flying
saucer and a gyroscope.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
improved spinning toy, as described above, wherein a central plug
is provided which permits use of the toy in either of two different
modes.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
improved spinning toy, as described above, wherein the central plug
is readily removable and invertible so that the toy can be easily
converted between two different modes of use.
A feature of the present invention, as described above, is that the
removable central plug is provided with a central depression on at
least one transverse end surface thereof for engagement with the
tip of a twirling wand.
An additional object of the present invention is to provide an
improved spinning toy wherein the central plug is integral with the
disc and is provided with central depressions on both transverse
end surfaces thereof.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved
combination spinning toy, as described above, which may be set into
rotation by twirling on the tip of a wand, and, thereafter,
utilizing the aerodynamic characteristics thereof, fly off of the
wand, or, utilizing the gyroscopic characteristics thereof, can be
balanced on the wand which is supported erect on a flat
surface.
Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and in part
be pointed out hereinafter.
The invention accordingly consists in the features of
constructions, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts
which will be exemplified in the toys hereinafter described, and of
which the scope of application will be indicated in the appended
claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings, in which are shown two of the
possible embodiments of the invention,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the reversible
aerodynamic disc/gyroscope disc which is the principal element of
the present invention, the same being shown in position for use as
an aerodynamic disc;
FIG. 2 is an exploded, sectional elevational view taken
substantially along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1, and also showing the
wand;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary central sectional elevational view of the
disc in an inverted position with the central plug reversed and
facing downwardly, the toy being illustrated in use as a
gyroscope;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the disc and wand functioning in a
gyroscopic mode; and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary central sectional elevational view of the
disc embodying an alternate form of the invention in which the
central plug is in one piece with the disc.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now in detail to the drawings, and in particular to FIGS.
1 and 2, the reference character 10 generally designates the toy
comprising the present invention. Said toy includes a saucer-like,
concave/convex disc 12 having a base 13. The disc simulates an
airfoil in cross section. The periphery of the base 12 is provided
with a thickened and inwardly directed rim 14 to complete the
airfoil configuration. Centrally of the disc 10 there is provided
an axially elongated collar 16 which, in the preferred embodiment
of the invention, includes a female thread in its bore 18.
A plug 20 is removably secured in the threaded bore 18 and, on at
least one of two axially spaced transverse end faces 22 thereof,
there is formed a central circular depression 24 having a concave
base 24a and a right cylindrical side wall 24b.
A wand 26 is also used with the toy 10 and is provided with a
fitting 28 on its tip. The fitting has a convex top 28a and a right
cylindrical side wall 28b. The shape of the fitting is
exemplificative of an operative configuration, but is not critical.
A ball or discus shape is acceptable. The parameters are that the
fitting be circular in plan, and preferably convex on top. The
configuration of the side wall is not important since, as soon will
be seen, it merely rides on the side wall of the depression during
twirling of the wand. The fitting is adapted to be inserted in the
central depression 24 when the depression is facing downwardly.
Advantageously, the depression 24 and the fitting 28 are coated
with a low friction material such as Teflon
(polytetrafluoroethylene) or the like. For the sake of low cost and
ease of production the disc 12 and plug 20 are made from a
thermoplastic, preferably by injection molding.
When used as an aerodynamic toy the disc 12 is oriented to direct
the concave surface 12a downwardly as shown in FIG. 2. The disc 12
is then balanced on the fitting 28 of the wand 26 with the concave
base 24a of the depression resting on the convex top 28a of the
projection. Then the wand 26 is twirled, causing the fitting 28,
and specifically its side wall 28b to ride around the side wall 24b
of the depression. This imparts a spinning motion to the disc. When
the speed of rotation is sufficiently great the twirling of the
wand is stopped whereupon the center of the convex top 28a rides up
to the center of the curved base 24a which latter preferably has a
slightly greater radius of curvature than that of the top 28a. Thus
the disc spins with a minimum of friction, the walls 24b and 28b
being out of contact. Now a slight, upwardly directed force on the
wand 26 will cause the disc 12 to fly off utilizing the aerodynamic
characteristics of the concave/convex airfoil cross section. If the
force is directly upward the disc will hover and if the air
currents are suitable, will proceed sidewise. If the force is also
lateral the disc will fly like a tossed Frisbee. The flywheel
effect of the thickened rim will aid in maintaining the rotational
speed of the disc and lengthen the duration and speed of flight.
The foregoing constitutes one mode of operation of the toy.
When it is desired to use the toy 10 as a gyroscope (the second
mode of operation), the plug 20 is unscrewed, inverted and screwed
back into the threaded base 18, so that the depression 24 faces
outwardly in the same direction as the convex surface 12b. It
should be noted at this time that although a threaded coupling is
illustrated for releasably attaching the plug 20 to the collar 16,
other arrangements may be used such as a bayonet type connection or
any snap action, quick disconnect coupling that is well known. For
use in the second mode the disc is held upside down with the
concave surface 12a facing upwardly, the convex surface 12b facing
downwardly and the depression 24 facing downwardly as in FIGS. 3
and 4. Then the toy 10 is balanced on the fitting 28 of the erect
wand 26. Because the center of mass of the disc 12 now is above the
point support at the fitting 28 the disc is in unstable
equilibrium. To prevent the disc from toppling off the fitting, the
disc has a spinning motion imparted thereto by manually turning the
disc with the wand stationary. The speed of rotation thus
engendered need only be enough to stabilize the disc. The user then
twirls the wand rapidly which causes the disc to spin at a high
speed by the action heretofore described in connection with the
first mode of operation, and thus enables the disc to act as a
gyroscope, i.e. the disc will spin atop the wand with its axis of
rotation remaining vertical. The bottom of the wand may be seated
on a flat surface 30 with the wand erect and the stabilizing effect
of the spinning disc will keep the wand in such position without
additional support until the disc slows down. Should the wand 26 be
removed the toy 10 will descend slowly and will continue to spin
with its transverse end surface 22 on the flat surface 20, like a
top.
An alternative embodiment of the present invention is illustrated
in FIG. 5. The toy 32 therein disclosed is comprised of a
saucer-like disc 34 having a concave surface 34a and a convex
surface 34b which in cross section simulates an airfoil. The
periphery of the disc is provided with a thickened inwardly
directed rim (not shown) the same as the rim 14 of the first form
of the invention 36. Centrally of the disc-like portion 34 there is
provided an axially elongated integral plug 38 having axially
spaced transverse end faces 40 and 42. A central depression 44 is
formed in the transverse end face 40 and another central depression
46, facing in the opposite direction is formed in the transverse
end face 42. The depressions 44, 46 have a configuration identical
to that of the depression 24. As in the previously described
embodiment, the depressions 44, 46 are preferably coated with an
anti-friction material such as Teflon.
A wand 26 is used with the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 in the
same manner as described in connection with the first embodiment,
except that the central plug 38, comparable to the plug 20 is not
inverted since it is integral with the disc 34. Thus, when
converting from an aerodynamic toy with the concave surface 34a
facing downwardly to a gyroscopic toy with the concave surface 34a
directed upwardly, it is only necessary to invert the entire
disc.
From the foregoing it will be evident that an improved toy has been
provided that combines the desirable aerodynamic characteristics of
an airfoil with those of a gyroscope. The toy may be readily molded
from any suitable, rugged plastic material that will withstand
frequent use, e.g. polyethylene. The first described embodiment of
the present invention provides for rapid conversion from one type
of toy to the other merely by removing and inverting a central
plug. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the
central plug need not be removed since it is integral with the disc
and the disc need only be inverted. In both embodiments of the
invention the depression formed in at least one transverse end
surface of the central plug cooperates with the tip of a wand. When
used as an aerodynamic toy the disc is merely spun by twirling the
wand and is caused to fly off the wand by the application of a
small upward force. When used as a gyroscopic toy the disc is
likewise spun by twirling the wand which then is stood upright on a
flat surface.
It thus will be seen that there are provided toys which achieve the
several objects of the invention and are well adapted to meet the
conditions of practical use.
As various possible embodiments might be made of the above
invention, and as various changes might be made in the embodiments
above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein
described, or shown in the accompanying drawings, is to be
interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
* * * * *