U.S. patent number 3,672,714 [Application Number 05/075,862] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-27 for mortise lock with multiple functions.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Eaton Corporation. Invention is credited to Jerald Schultz.
United States Patent |
3,672,714 |
Schultz |
June 27, 1972 |
MORTISE LOCK WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS
Abstract
A deadbolt operating tumbler when rotated rearwardly beyond
deadbolt retracting position will move a lever so as to operate a
latchbolt retracting lever. There is a deadlatching dog coacting
with both the latchbolt retracting lever and the dead-bolt tumbler.
The retracting lever will move the dog to undog the latchbolt while
also moving the tumbler to deadbolt retracting position. A stopwork
slide is spring pressed at all times toward position locking an
outside knob operated hub that moves the latchbolt retracting
lever. The stopwork slide may be moved to release position by
pressure of an inside hub, a lever actuated by the deadbolt
tumbler, or by other parts that may be assembled. Slight reforming
or reassembly of parts will permit the many lock functions that
must be offered the market.
Inventors: |
Schultz; Jerald (Woodmere,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Eaton Corporation (Cleveland,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
22128453 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/075,862 |
Filed: |
September 28, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/34; 70/107;
292/336.5; 292/165 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
13/004 (20130101); E05B 65/1086 (20130101); E05B
59/00 (20130101); E05B 55/12 (20130101); Y10T
292/0971 (20150401); Y10T 292/59 (20150401); Y10T
70/5226 (20150401); Y10T 292/0837 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
59/00 (20060101); E05B 65/10 (20060101); E05b
059/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/107,108,109,110,380,422 ;292/34,165,336.5,153 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a mortise lock having a case, a deadbolt, A deadbolt
operating member connected to the deadbolt and movable to forward
and rearward positions placing said deadbolt in a projected
relation and a fully retracted relation to the case, and latch
mechanism including a knob operated latchbolt retractor for
controlling and operating a spring pressed latchbolt on the case,
the improvement that comprises manually operated means for moving
said deadbolt operating member in rearward direction beyond its
full bolt retracting position, an actuating member juxtaposed to
the deadbolt operating member on the case and coacting with said
latchbolt retractor, and a portion on said deadbolt operating
member engaging the actuating member and moving that member whereby
to actuate said latchbolt retractor when said manually operated
means move the bolt operating member beyond its deadbolt retracting
position, enabling the latchbolt to be retracted optionally by knob
and by a movement of the deadbolt operating member.
2. The construction set forth in claim 1 comprising means through
which said latchbolt retractor is in an operating relation to said
deadbolt operating member when that member is in a deadbolt
projecting position, said means including surfaces through which
said retractor will act when knob operated to move the deadbolt
operating member in deadbolt retracting direction, so that the
latchbolt retractor and the deadbolt operating member will be
effective each to retract both the latchbolt and the deadbolt.
3. The construction set forth in claim 2, including in combination
a deadlatching dog for dogging said latchbolt in projected
position, means whereby the latchbolt retractor when moving in
retracting direction moves the dog to a release position relatively
to the latchbolt, and said deadlatching dog comprising a portion
effective when the dog is so moved by said latchbolt retractor to
engage and to move the deadbolt operating member to deadbolt
retracting position.
4. The construction set forth in claim 2, including in combination
a knob operated hub that is effective when rotated to retract the
latchbolt, a movable stop member for locking said hub, and means
through which said deadbolt operating member is in operating
relation to said stop member so that the deadbolt operating member
when moving to retract the latchbolt may move the stop member
relatively to a position locking the hub.
5. The construction set forth in claim 4, including a spring acting
at all times to press said stop member toward position locking the
hub, said actuating member being effective for moving the stop
member to a release position against the pressure of the
spring.
6. The mortise lock construction set forth in claim 1, including in
combination a knob operated hub that is effective when rotated to
retract the latchbolt, a movable stop member for locking said hub,
and means through which said actuating member is in operating
relation to said stop member so that the deadbolt operating member
may move the stop member relatively to a position locking the
hub.
7. The construction set forth in claim 6, including a spring acting
at all times to press said stop member toward position locking the
hub, said actuating member being effective for moving the stop
member to a release position against pressure of the spring.
8. The construction set forth in claim 7, including a movable
fingerpiece having a dogging portion for coacting with said stop
member, said stop member being formed with an opening in position
to accept the dogging portion of the fingerpiece when said
actuating member places the stop member in release position
relatively to the hub, and said spring when moving the stop member
to hub locking position placing said opening out of aligned
relation to the dogging portion of the fingerpiece so that said
fingerpiece cannot then move to dog the stop member.
9. The mortise lock construction set forth in claim 1, in which
said deadbolt is mounted for sliding on said lock case, and said
deadbolt operating member is a tumbler mounted for rotation on the
case, said deadbolt being formed with a slot in which a cam portion
of said tumbler moves to slide said bolt between retracted and
projected positions relatively to the case, a transversely
extending slot communicating with the first-mentioned slot on the
deadbolt for accepting said cam portion of the bolt operating
tumbler when said tumbler rotates to bolt retracting position, and
a portion on said tumbler engaging said actuating member and moving
that member when said tumbler moves its cam portion in the
transverse slot.
10. The construction set forth in claim 9, including in combination
a knob operated hub that is effective when rotated to retract the
latchbolt, a movable stop slide for locking said hub, and means
through which said deadbolt operating tumbler is in operating
relation to said stop slide so that the deadbolt operating tumbler
when rotating beyond full deadbolt retracting position may move the
stop member relatively to a position locking the hub.
11. The construction set forth in claim 9, including in combination
a deadlatching dog for dogging said latchbolt in projected
position, means whereby the latchbolt retractor when moving in
retracting direction moves the dog to a release position relatively
to the latchbolt, and said deadlatching dog comprising a portion
extending into juxtaposed relation to said deadbolt operating
tumbler, and said portion of the dog acting when the dog is moved
by said latchbolt retractor to engage and to move the deadbolt
operating tumbler to deadbolt retracting position.
12. In a mortise lock having a case, a deadbolt mounted for sliding
on the case, a deadbolt operating tumbler mounted for rotation on
the case, manually operated means for rotating said tumbler, said
deadbolt being formed with a slot in which a cam portion of said
tumbler moves to slide the deadbolt to projected and to fully
retracted positions relatively to the case, the improvement that
comprises in combination a part of said deadbolt operating tumbler
in position juxtaposed to a lock actuating part when the tumbler is
in deadbolt retracting position, a transversely extending slot
formed in position communicating with said first-mentioned slot on
the deadbolt and comprising a surface over which said cam portion
of the bolt operating tumbler moves in controlling relation to the
deadbolt to lock said deadbolt in retracted position when said
manually operated means rotate the tumbler to a full bolt
retracting position, and said transversely extending slot having a
considerable length in which said cam portion will move to permit
the tumbler to move said lock actuating part when the manually
operated means rotate the tumbler beyond full bolt retracting
position.
13. In a mortise lock having a case, a latchbolt that is spring
pressed in projected position on said case, means for retracting
said latchbolt, a manually operated tumbler for actuating a further
part of the lock, and a deadlatching dog for dogging said latchbolt
and moved by the latchbolt retracting means to a release position
when those means retract the latchbolt, the improvement that
comprises said deadlatching dog formed with a portion juxtaposed to
said manually operated tumbler for coacting with said tumbler, and
a surface on said portion of the dog for engaging the tumbler and
placing said tumbler in a predetermined actuating position when
said latchbolt retracting means move the dog to release
position.
14. In a mortise lock having a case, a latchbolt that is spring
pressed to projected position on said case, and a hub that is
manually rotatable for retracting said latchbolt, the improvement
that comprises a stop member movable relatively to a position
engaging said hub whereby to lock said hub against rotation in said
case, a spring pressing said stop member toward its locking
position, a manually operable part formed with a surface for moving
said stop member against its spring pressure to a release position
relatively to said hub, and said surface extending in a continuous
shape enabling the spring pressure of the stop member at all times
to press in a direction tending to move the manually operable part
and to return said stop member to locking position, so that control
of said hub by said stop member may readily be related to various
forms of manually operable part that may be assembled in the lock
for coacting with the stop member.
15. The construction set forth in claim 14 including a fingerpiece
mounted for movement to dogging and undogging positions relatively
to said stop member, a portion on said fingerpiece engaging a
surface on said spring pressed stop member to hold said stop member
in release relation to said manually rotatable hub when the
fingerpiece is in its dogging position, said portion on the
fingerpiece moving away from said surface on the stop member and
permitting said stop member to move by its spring pressure to
locking position when the fingerpiece moves to undogging position,
and parts coacting on the stop member and fingerpiece to hold the
fingerpiece in undogging position while said stop member is in
locking position, so that said fingerpiece will be ineffective to
move said stop member to position releasing said hub.
16. In a mortise lock having a case, a deadbolt, a deadbolt
operating tumbler connected to said deadbolt and rotatable in
deadbolt projecting and retracting directions on the case, and a
thumb turn for rotating said tumbler, the improvement that
comprises pawl and ratchet means engaging between said thumb turn
and said tumbler so that the thumb turn when rotating in bolt
retracting direction will retract the deadbolt, and enabling the
thumb turn to rotate relatively to the tumbler so that the thumb
turn will be ineffective to project the deadbolt, and further means
for rotating the tumbler in deadbolt projecting and retracting
directions.
17. The construction set forth in claim 16 comprising in
combination a spring pressed latchbolt on the lock case, a knob
operated hub for retracting said latchbolt, a stop member spring
pressed to a position locking said hub, an actuating member
coacting with said stop member, and a portion on said deadbolt
operating tumbler engaging said actuating member and moving that
member so as to press said stop member to a release position
relatively to said hub when said tumbler rotates in a deadbolt
retracting direction.
18. The construction set forth in claim 16, in which said thumb
turn is equipped with a spindle that is engaged for rotating
movements in an opening in said deadbolt operating tumbler, a pawl
that is spring pressed in a radial direction on said spindle, and
said deadbolt operating member having a ratchet surface forming
said opening and engaged by said pawl.
19. In a mortise lock having a case, a deadbolt, a deadbolt
operating tumbler connected to said deadbolt and rotatable in
deadbolt projecting and retracting directions on the case, and a
thumbturn having a spindle engaging an opening in said tumbler for
rotating said tumbler, the improvement that comprises coacting
means in lost motion relation to one another on the surface of said
tumbler opening and on said thumbturn spindle and permitting the
thumbturn a rotating movement of substantial extent while
ineffective to move the deadbolt, the coacting means on the surface
of the tumbler opening adapted to accept a further thumbturn
spindle that keys therewith so that said tumbler will rotate
integrally with the further spindle to move said deadbolt
simultaneously with each rotating movement of a thumbturn.
Description
This invention relates to mortise locks, and more particularly to a
novel mortise lock construction that will very effectively achieve
the many operating functions that are needed in locks of the
particular class.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that mortise locks are
equipped with a spring pressed latchbolt or a deadbolt, or both,
and frequently there is a guard bolt for controlling deadlatching
of the latchbolt. A knob will retract the latchbolt, and the
deadbolt is operated by a key or thumb turn. There is a demand for
mortise locks that have different operating relationships between
the bolts, knobs, and other parts, and locks that differ in
function are offered to the market.
Thus there must be mortise locks in which there are means for
locking an outside knob, but in some locks the knob must be
automatically released when an inside knob is operated, while other
locks require that there be no release without manipulation of some
part other than a knob. Mortise locks must be offered with and
without means that will hold a latchbolt in retracted position, and
with or without key retraction of a latchbolt. These and other
functions must be supplied in many different combinations, and
mortise locks having more than twenty different types of operation
are made available commercially.
Manufacturing costs naturally are high when mortise locks are
designed individually for each different type of operation, and the
prior art has made efforts to standardize parts of the locks. Those
efforts have found limited success, generally requiring many
special parts and sometimes failing to achieve certain lock
functions. I have now conceived by my invention a novel mortise
lock construction that will permit the locks to be manufactured at
relatively low cost, while making available the usual lock
functions and further functions as well.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The concept of my invention includes a deadbolt mechanism and a
latchbolt mechanism that I have designed for particular coaction
one with the other, while being well adapted to be used
individually in separate locks when that is required. More
particularly, my deadbolt mechanism includes a bolt operating
member that can actuate parts of a latchbolt mechanism when the
member is moved rearwardly beyond a normal deadbolt retracting
position. Also, the latchbolt mechanism may comprise a control
member that can be utilized to move and to control the position of
a deadbolt operating member. As a feature of this part of my
invention, I am able to achieve a so-called panic function, whereby
an occupant of a room need only rotate either one of a latch
retracting knob or a deadbolt operating thumb turn in order to move
both a latchbolt and a deadbolt to release positions.
A further feature of my invention resides in a deadlatching dog
that will be effective to retract a deadbolt. More particularly, I
form the dog to coact with both a latchbolt retractor and a
deadbolt operating member so that the dog, when moved by the
latchbolt retractor, also will retract the deadbolt. Moreover, the
deadlatching dog easily can be made to dog the deadbolt in
retracted position when the door is open, and by a very simple
change can be used merely as a control member in a lock that is to
have no deadlatching function.
Another feature of the mortise lock of my invention resides in
novel stopwork for a bolt retracting hub of the lock. Thus, the
stopwork includes a stop member that normally is in a locking
position engaging the hub, and that enables diverse types of
control to be utilized for controlling locking of the hub by the
member. More in detail, a spring always presses the stop member
toward locking position, and yields so that movements of the member
can readily be controlled by various parts that may be assembled in
the lock.
I have thus outlined rather broadly the more important features of
my invention in order that the detailed description thereof that
follows may be better understood, and in order that my contribution
to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course,
additional features of my invention that will be described
hereinafter and which will form the subject of the claims appended
hereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
conception on which my disclosure is based may readily be utilized
as a basis for the designing of other structures for carrying out
the several purposes of my invention. It is important, therefore,
that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent
constructions as do not depart from the spirit and scope of my
invention, in order to prevent the appropriation of my invention by
those skilled in the art.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a form of my novel mortise lock, partly
in section, with the lock cover removed to show the mechanism, and
with parts as they would appear when the door is open;
FIG. 2 is a section on a smaller scale, taken on the line 2--2 in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a view similar to a portion of FIG. 1, but shows parts
as they would appear when the door is closed and when the stopwork
is in locking position;
FIG. 4 shows a view similar to FIG. 3 but with the deadbolt
projected;
FIG. 5 shows a view similar to FIG. 4 but illustrates retraction of
the deadbolt and latchbolt by an inside knob actuated hub;
FIG. 6 illustrates key retraction of the deadbolt and
latchbolt;
FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the stop slide on an enlarged
scale;
FIG. 8 shows one form of outside hub that my lock may utilize;
FIG. 9 shows a non-camming inside hub;
FIG. 10 shows a camming inside hub;
FIG. 11 shows an outside holdback hub;
FIG. 12 is somewhat like FIG. 1 but shows parts that I may utilize
when offering an exterior lock function;
FIG. 13 shows parts offering a classroom lock function;
FIG. 14 shows an inside thumb turn and spindle that I may utilize;
and
FIG. 15 shows a section of the spindle on the line 15--15 in FIG.
14, together with a portion of the tumbler engaging the
spindle.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now more particularly to FIG. 1 of the drawings, I show
my lock equipped with types of bolts that frequently are required
in mortise locks, including a latchbolt 10, a latch guard bolt 11
and a deadbolt 12. A usual lock tumbler cylinder 13 will enable the
mortise lock to be operated by a key at the outside of the door,
and a thumb turn (not shown in FIG. 1) may be utilized at the
inside of the door. Also, at the front of the lock is a fingerpiece
14 for controlling stopwork in the lock.
I prefer to utilize a lock case 15 having features like those shown
in my earlier U.S. Pat. No. 3,503,234, but details of case 15 are
not important to an understanding of the present invention. It is
merely necessary to know here that the case 15 has side plates 16,
17 that are shown in FIG. 2 and on which parts of the lock will be
mounted, one of those plates forming a cover of the case, and a
front plate 18 having openings in which the bolts slide.
Referring again to FIG. 1, I show on a lower portion of the lock
case 15 a pair of inside and outside knob actuated hubs 20, 21,
shown in more detail in FIGS. 8 and 10, each having upper and lower
cam portions 22, 23. Those hubs 20, 21 can be rotated by inside and
outside portions of a split knob spindle 24 engaging openings in
the hubs, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. The
cam portions 22, 23 of the hubs coact with forward surfaces 25, 26
on a hub lever 27 that I mount to pivot on a stud 28 at an extreme
upper portion of lock case 15, the lever 27 then extending past the
level of the lock bolts 10, 11 and 12. A spring 29 is mounted on
stud 28 and engages hub lever 27 so that its surfaces 25, 26 press
against hub portions 22, 23 and tend to hold the hubs 20, 21 and
their related spindle portions in a neutral position.
The hub lever 27 has a rearward surface 30 for engaging a cross pin
31 on a latch retractor lever 32 that is mounted through a stud 33
so as to pivot on a lower rear portion of lock case 15. The lever
32 extends from stud 33 in upward direction, and has an upper
portion 34 juxtaposed to a bolt tail 35 that forms a part of
latchbolt 10. The upper portion 34 of lever 32 is equipped with a
laterally extending pin 36, to which I shall refer in due course,
and is formed with a rearward cam surface 37 that lies in opposed
relation to a crosspiece 38 on the latchbolt tail 35.
As is usual, latchbolt 10 is spring pressed toward a projected
position, as is shown in FIG. 1, and for the purpose I utilize a
spring 39 mounted on stud 33 and engaging the rear end portion of
bolt tail 35. When either one of the knob actuated hubs 20, 21
rotates, that hub will move the hub lever 27 against the pressure
of its spring 29 as is illustrated in FIG. 5. Hub lever 27 then
acts through cross pin 31 to rotate the retractor lever 32, thereby
retracting latchbolt 10. I call attention here to the fact that the
hub lever 27 of my novel mechanism presents the hub engaging
surfaces 25, 26 in a closely spaced relation to each other as
compared to the effective length of lever 27. That enables me to
retract latchbolt 10 through amounts of torque that will be very
nearly equal when rotating one of the hubs 20, 21 in either
direction, with no need to form a hub in an unsymmetrical shape or
to utilize a sliding retractor or other torque equalizing
member.
Before going farther into the operation of latchbolt 10, it will be
best if we consider the deadbolt 12. Still referring to FIG. 1, I
equip the deadbolt 12 with a tail 40 that is somewhat like the one
shown in my earlier U.S. Pat. No. 3,503,234 that I have mentioned.
Thus, deadbolt tail 40 has a portion in which there is an inclined
cam slot 41, and also a portion 42 that is guided by means on the
lock case 15 while the deadbolt slides between projected and
retracted positions. A transverse slot 43 communicates with the
forward end of the inclined cam slot 41, and in my present
invention I particularly form the slot 43 to extend a considerable
distance on the deadbolt tail. A further transverse slot 44 is
formed at the rearward end of slot 41.
A deadbolt operating tumbler 45 is mounted to rotate on lock case
15, and is formed with a cam portion 46 that will move in the slots
41, 43 and 44. An upper portion of the tumbler 45 has arms 47, 48
formed in positions to be engaged by a key operated cam 49 that may
rotate on the lock cylinder 13, enabling the tumbler 45 to be
rotated by an outside key. As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 50 is
formed in a hub portion of tumbler 45 and is engaged by a spindle
51, enabling the tumbler to be rotated also by an inside thumb
turn. A lower part of tumbler 45 presents a cam coacting surface 52
that I shall presently describe, and tumbler 45 has a projection 53
engaged by a spring 54 that tends to hold tumbler 45 in bolt
retracting and bolt projecting positions.
The key operated cam 49, when rotated clockwise from the position
shown in FIG. 1, will engage the tumbler arm 47 and will rotate
tumbler 45 so as to project deadbolt 12 as shown in FIG. 4.
Deadbolt 12 will be retracted when the key operated cam 49 rotates
from the FIG. 4 position counterclockwise so as to act against arm
48. Upon placing the deadbolt 12 in either retracted or projected
position, tumbler 45 will dog the deadbolt by engagement of its cam
portion 46 in slot 43 or slot 44.
I shall now describe the manner in which I relate retraction of
deadbolt 12 and retraction of latchbolt 10. In FIG. 1, I show a
tumbler lever 55 that is mounted on the stud 28 and that extends
downwardly so as to present a portion that may act against the
cross pin 31 on retractor lever 32. I form the tumbler lever 55
with a surface 56 that is juxtaposed to the arm 48 on the deadbolt
operating tumbler 45 when the tumbler is in normal bolt retracting
position. It will be remembered that transverse slot 43 in the
deadbolt tail extends a considerable distance. Thereby the slot 43
permits the cam portion 46 to move so that tumbler 45 can rotate
rearwardly beyond its normal bolt retracting position. When so
rotating, the tumbler arm 48 will act against the surface 56 as
shown in FIG. 6, causing tumbler lever 55 to move retractor lever
32 so as to retract latchbolt 10.
It will be seen that a continuous rotating movement of the thumb
turn spindle 51 not only will retract the deadbolt 12, should it be
in projected position, but may be effective also to retract the
latchbolt 10. The latchbolt may be retracted also when a key
rotates the cam 49 counterclockwise against the tumbler arm 47, as
in FIG. 6.
My lock, as I show it in FIG. 1, includes a control member 57 that
enables me to achieve a further relation between the operations of
latchbolt 10 and deadbolt 12. In addition, control member 57 may
dog the latchbolt and I may term it a deadlatching dog. The control
member of dog 57 is mounted through a pivot 58 on lock case 15 and
is somewhat L shaped, having a forwardly extending lower part 59
that forms a dogging portion, and an upwardly extending part on
which is a cam portion 60. In the open door position of the lock,
shown in FIG. 1, the cam portion 60 will lie in position
intermediate the cam coacting surface 52 on the deadbolt operating
tumbler 45, and the pin 36 on the upper portion 34 on the retractor
lever. The dogging portion 59 of dog 57 then is in a displaced
relation to a shoulder 61 on the latchbolt 10. I shall indicate
here that I can very easily adapt the dog or control member 57 for
use in those locks where there is to be no deadlatching function,
it merely being necessary to remove or omit a dogging part of
portion 59.
I connect the control member or dog 57 and the guard bolt 11
through a bracket 62, shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, that is
mounted on pivot 58 and that has a lug portion 63 engaging an
opening in dog 57. In effect the bracket and dog are integral.
Guard bolt 11 has a tail 64 that is engaged for sliding movement in
an opening in bracket 62, and that has an upturned end portion 65
extending behind the lug portion 63 on the bracket. A coil spring
66 on the bolt tail 64 acts between guard bolt 11 and bracket 62 so
as to press the guard bolt toward projected position. When guard
bolt 11 is in that position, as in FIG. 1, coil spring 66 also
presses the dog 57 counterclockwise due to the leverage that
bracket 62 offers between the end 65 of the guard bolt tail and the
rearward end of spring 66.
The operation of the control member of dog 57 will be best
understood when we refer to FIG. 3. The door now is in closed
position and guard bolt 11 is held depressed by its engagement with
a strike 67 on the door frame, as is usual. The increased pressure
of coil spring 66 now has rotated dog 57 so that its cam portion 60
has moved downwardly into juxtaposed relation to the pin 36 on
retractor lever 32, while also placing its dogging portion 59 in a
latchbolt dogging position behind the shoulder 61. The door being
in closed position, let us assume that the deadbolt 12 has been
projected, as in FIG. 4. The surface 52 on deadbolt operating
tumbler 45 then overlies the cam portion 60 on dog 57. If latchbolt
10 now is retracted by knob, retractor lever 32 will rotate in a
manner I already have explained, and the pin 36 on lever 32 first
will act against the cam portion 60, rotating the dog 57
counterclockwise as viewed in FIG. 4. That will cause cam portion
60 to rotate tumbler 45 to deadbolt retracting position, while also
causing the dogging portion 59 of the dog to move to a release
position permitting full retraction of the latchbolt, as shown in
FIG. 5. Incidental to full retraction, the dog 57 has moved
somewhat back, or clockwise, but that is not important at this
point in the operation.
It will be understood that the control member or dog 57 enables me
to achieve retraction of both latchbolt and deadbolt by a single
operation of a latchbolt retracting knob. Also, dog 57 enables me
to offer a further feature. The door having been opened, the guard
bolt 11 will be in its projected position which is shown in FIG. 1.
The guard bolt spring 66 then holds the dog 57 in position with its
cam portion 60 actually blocking a movement of the cam surface 52
on tumbler 45, thus dogging the tumbler in deadbolt retracting
position.
When the tumbler 45 is so dogged, the deadbolt cannot be projected.
Thereby I am able to prevent the damage that frequently has been
caused due to a deadbolt striking a door frame during a closing
movement of a door. In some cases, it may be preferred that the cam
portion 60 of dog 57 move tumbler 45 to deadbolt retracting
position, but that the tumbler not be dogged in that position. In
those cases I can very easily reduce a corner part of the dog
portion 60 so that the tumbler surface 52 may cam that portion away
from blocking position.
The stopwork of my lock comprises a stop slide 70, shown assembled
in FIG. 1 and in detail in FIG. 7, that enables me to relate
certain lock functions. opposed end portions of the slide 70 are
formed with laterally extending parts 71, 72, FIG. 7, that will
slide in openings in the side plates 16, 17 of lock case 15 so as
to support the slide for movement toward and away from the knob
actuated hubs 20, 21. An end portion of slide 70 has at one side an
inclined surface 73. Slide 70 is further formed with longitudinally
spaced openings 74, 75, and a pair of relatively small openings 76
on a medial portion of the slide.
Referring to FIG. 1, I utilize a spring that is mounted through a
stud 77 on the lock case and that has an arm 78 engaging one of the
openings 76 in slide 70. I particularly utilize spring arm 78 to
press stop slide 70 at all times in a direction toward the hubs 20,
21. The fingerpiece 14 is mounted on a pivot 79 for rotation
between dogging and undogging positions relatively to stop slide
70, being formed with an end portion 80 for engaging the opening 75
in the slide. A spring arm 81 engages fingerpiece 14 for holding it
in each of its positions.
When engaging the opening 75, the end portion 80 of the fingerpiece
will hold slide 70 in release relation to a slot 82 in the outside
hub 21, as shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows the fingerpiece 14 in
undogging position, permitting spring arm 78 to move the stop slide
70 into locking position in slot 82 so as to lock hub 21 and its
knob against rotation. When moving to locking position, slide 70
places its opening 75 out of aligned relation to the end portion 80
on the fingerpiece 14, as better seen in FIG. 4, so that the
fingerpiece cannot then move the slide 70 and therefore cannot
effect release of the outside hub 21.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 10, the inside knob actuated hub 20 is
formed with a cam surface 83, and that surface will be effective
when hub 20 is rotated, as in FIG. 5, to press the stop slide 70 to
release position. The opening 75 of slide 70 then is in position to
accept the end portion 80 of fingerpiece 14, and the fingerpiece
again can be utilized to dog the slide in release position
permitting rotation of outside hub 21.
Thus, in the construction that I show in FIG. 1, the outside hub 21
cannot be unlocked merely by an accidental or mischievous movement
of the fingerpiece 14, it being necessary first to rotate the
inside knob. I am able to achieve that particular hub control
through my concept of a spring acting at all times to press a stop
slide toward locking position, and I wish to emphasize that the
concept also enables me to achieve further controls.
To explain, I can readily equip my mortise lock with a further
actuating lever 85, shown in FIG. 12, whereby release of the
outside knob may be independent of an operation of the inside hub.
That frequently is a requirement of mortise locks, particularly
when used on exterior doors. The actuating lever 85 is mounted
through the pivot 33 on lock case 15, and comprises an upper arm
formed with a surface 86 that engages the arm 48 on the deadbolt
operating tumbler 45. A lower arm on actuating lever 85 has a cam
portion 87 that will engage the inclined surface 73 on the stop
slide 70. A spring 88 acts against the lever 85 in a direction
pressing cam portion 87 away from surface 73. Now when the deadbolt
operating tumbler 45 is rotated clockwise, either by key or by
thumb turn in the manner I have already described, the tumbler arm
48 will rotate the actuating lever 85 so that its cam portion 87
will press the stop slide 70 away from the slot 82 in the outside
hub 121, shown in FIG. 12. As will be appreciated, fingerpiece 14
now can be moved to dog the stop slide 70 in release position
relatively to the hub 121.
Together with the actuating lever 85 shown in FIG. 12, I utilize a
non-camming inside hub 120, shown in detail in FIG. 9. That hub 120
is formed with surface 183 that will move in clearance relation to
the stop slide 70 when hub 120 rotates. Thus, it will be understood
that rotation of the inside knob will not move stop slide 70, and
key or thumb turn operation will be necessary in order to effect
release of the outside knob.
Thus far I have not described the outside hub 121 in detail because
it will offer the same operation as hub 21. However, hub 121 is
formed with a further slot 182, FIGS. 11 and 12, that the stop
slide 70 may engage to offer a latch holdback feature as will be
understood by those skilled in the art. When actuating lever 85 is
assembled in my lock as shown in FIG. 12, key or thumb turn
operation will be necessary in order to effect release of the
latchbolt, should stop slide 70 be in position locking outside hub
121 in holdback position. In FIG. 13, I show an actuating lever 90
that is assembled in my lock when it is necessary to satisfy a
requirement that a key be used to effect locking of the outside
knob, as for example in classroom locks. Lever 90 is mounted
through the pivot 33 on lock case 15, and comprises an upper arm on
which is a surface 91 coacting with the arm 48 on a key operated
tumbler 145. I may mention here that tumbler 145 may be like the
deadbolt operating tumbler 45, but the tumbler need not be formed
with a bolt operating portion where the lock requires no deadbolt,
as for example in FIG. 13. The lever 90 further has a lower arm on
which is an inclined cam portion 92 engaging the opening 74 in the
stop slide 70.
A spring arm 93 engages the lower arm of lever 90 and presses the
lever with sufficient strength counterclockwise so that its cam
portion 92 will move stop slide 70 to release position, when that
is permitted by a counterclockwise the tumbler arm 48. The inside
hub utilized in FIG. 13 is the non-camming hub 120, and either of
the outside hubs 21 or 121 may be used as desired.
Attention is called to the fact that the fingerpiece 14 is not
present in FIG. 13. Thus, locking and release of the outside knob
actuated hub 121 in FIG. 13 must be effected through rotation of
the tumbler 145, acting through lever 90 to move the stop slide 70.
Naturally, that always can be done by an authorized person who has
a key, operating a lock cylinder at the outside of the door as I
have described earlier. Also, a person who has no key can neither
lock nor release the outside knob.
FIG. 13 shows no deadbolt since a deadbolt frequently is not needed
when offering the so-called classroom function. Sometimes it is
necessary to offer a classroom lock that does have a deadbolt and I
then utilize in the assembly of FIG. 13 the deadbolt 12 and the
deadbolt operating tumbler 45 that are shown in FIG. 1. Then, in
novel combination with the tumbler 45, I assemble a thumb turn 94
having a particular spindle 95, shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. The inner
surface of the hub opening 50 on the deadbolt operating tumbler 45
has a ratchet formation, clearly shown in FIG. 15, and thumb turn
spindle 95 has a cylindrical surface that will not key relatively
to opening 50. Further, spindle 95 has a radial bore 96 in which a
pin 97 is spring pressed outwardly. By ratchet engagement of pin 97
with the tumbler opening 50, as shown in FIG. 15, the thumb turn 94
can rotate the tumbler 45 to retract the deadbolt, but cannot
rotate the tumbler in bolt projecting direction. Thereby a person
in a room such as a classroom cannot utilize the deadbolt to
exclude persons who wish to enter, but always can retract the
deadbolt should that be necessary in order to leave the room. While
I have referred to a classroom function, it will be appreciated
that the particular thumb turn operation can very readily be
offered on locks having differing functions, when that is desired.
In those locks where there is to be a thumb turn that will both
project and retract a deadbolt, as in FIG. 1, the thumb turn may
have a spindle 51 of a standard square section, which will
effectively key within the ratchet shaped opening 50 so as to
rotate tumbler 45 in opposed directions.
I have shown and described several mortise lock functions merely
for purposes of disclosure, and it is to be understood that the
features of my lock will operate very effectively when it is
necessary to construct locks having further functional
requirements. For example, I may omit the deadbolt, or the
stopwork, or the latchbolt and its related parts, and the remaining
parts will fully satisfy their particular requirements. However,
when utilizing both deadbolt and latchbolt, I am able to offer a
panic function whereby retraction of either the deadbolt or
latchbolt will effect the retraction of both bolts. Moreover, the
stopwork of my invention is very readily adapted for control in
relation to various lock functions. My invention actually enables
me to offer locks having many different functions while utilizing
parts that may be standard in most respects, and requiring very few
special parts, thereby reducing the cost of the locks. I believe,
therefore, that the very considerable value of my invention will be
appreciated, and that its merits will be fully understood by those
skilled in the art.
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