U.S. patent number 3,671,874 [Application Number 05/072,937] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-20 for contactless rotary switching apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Denki Onkyo Co.. Invention is credited to Tunekazu Kobayashi.
United States Patent |
3,671,874 |
|
June 20, 1972 |
CONTACTLESS ROTARY SWITCHING APPARATUS
Abstract
A contactless rotary switching apparatus comprised of a
disc-shaped fixed yoke which is stationary and a rotary yoke
arranged in parallel with each other, a magnet positioned between
the yokes, the magnet having one magnetic pole end fixed to one of
the yokes while the other magnetic pole end is made free but
arranged to lightly contact the other of the yokes, a number of
balls made of magnetic material are arranged in succession in the
form of a circle on the free end face of the magnet between the
magnet and the yoke which lightly contacts the free end of the
magnet, a plurality of magneto-electric converting devices are
arranged radially towards the circumference at the peripheral
portion of the fixed yoke, and at least one arm provided at the
peripheral portion of the rotary yoke so that the arm or arms are
extended towards the said fixed yoke so that an end or ends of the
arms will be moved towards and away from the magneto-electric
converting devices during rotation of the rotary yoke.
Inventors: |
Tunekazu Kobayashi (Kawasaki
City, JP) |
Assignee: |
Denki Onkyo Co. (Ltd.,
Tokyo)
|
Family
ID: |
27467495 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/072,937 |
Filed: |
September 17, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Sep 17, 1969 [JP] |
|
|
44/88303 |
Sep 17, 1969 [JP] |
|
|
44/88304 |
Sep 17, 1969 [JP] |
|
|
44/88305 |
Sep 30, 1969 [JP] |
|
|
44/93603 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
323/368;
338/32H |
Current CPC
Class: |
H03K
17/90 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H03K
17/51 (20060101); H03K 17/90 (20060101); G05f
007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;338/32R,32H ;323/94H
;324/45,46 ;307/309 ;335/1,2 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: C. L. Albritton
Attorney, Agent or Firm: James E. Armstrong Ronald S.
Cornell
Claims
1. A contactless rotary switching apparatus comprised of a. a
disc-shaped fixed yoke made of magnetic material; b. at least one
rotary yoke made of magnetic material, and arranged opposite to and
parallel with said fixed yoke; c. an actuating means which is
capable of causing each said rotary yoke to rotate in parallel with
the said fixed yoke; d. a magnet arranged between the said fixed
yoke and said rotary yokes, one magnetic pole end of which is fixed
to one of said yokes, and the other magnetic pole end of which is
arranged opposite to the other of said yokes as a free end; e. a
plurality of magneto-electric converting devices radially arranged
at the peripheral portion of said fixed yoke; f. an external load
and power source electrically connected to each of said
magneto-electric converting devices; g. at least one arm made of
magnetic material extended from each said rotary yoke towards said
fixed yoke, the end of which arm can closely approach a
magneto-electric converting device; h. circular grooves provided in
the free end of said magnet and in the end face of the yoke which
comes in contact with said free end; and i. a plurality of balls
housed in said grooves coupling the free end of
2. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein projections are radially arranged at the periphery of the
fixed yoke and
3. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein said magnet is provided with a reinforcing part made of
magnetic material
4. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein a plurality of rotary yokes are provided said rotary yokes
having a plurality of arms extending therefore at different
distances from the center of rotation of said rotary yokes, whereby
said arms rotate along concentric circles with different diameters
from the center of rotation, and wherein the fixed yoke is provided
with magneto-electric converting
5. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein the fixed yoke is provided with magneto-electric converting
devices which are arranged in a plurality of rows, and one arm of
each said rotary yoke
6. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein strip-shaped plate yokes are radially attached to the fixed
yoke so that their outward ends project from the fixed yoke, said
plate yokes are mounted on the fixed yoke at one position so that
the projected outward ends of said plate yokes rotate, the
magneto-electric converting devices are radially arranged at the
periphery of said fixed yoke, the projected outward ends of said
plate yokes are respectively provided with magneto-electric
converting devices, an actuating means is provided so that said
plate yokes can be selectively rotated, and a plurality of arms are
provided at said rotary yokes so that one of the said arms
selectively approaches closely to the magneto-electric converting
devices on the plate
7. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein a plurality of rotary yokes are provided with circular
grooves in their mating surfaces where balls made of magnetic
material are housed to rotatably couple said rotary yokes, and the
actuating means is capable of
8. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 7,
wherein a plurality of rotary yokes are respectively provided with
arms of different lengths from the center of rotation and the fixed
yoke is provided with the magneto-electric converting devices
opposite in a
9. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 7,
wherein a plurality of rotary yokes are controlled so that the
rotation angles are different, the fixed yoke is provided with at
least one magneto-electric converting device in the range of the
rotation angle of each rotary yoke and the actuating means is
provided at the said rotary yokes to
10. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 7,
wherein at least one of the rotary yokes is coupled to the rotary
shaft through a
11. A contactless rotary switching apparatus, according to claim 1,
wherein at least one arm at least one rotary yoke is beveled in the
direction of rotation at its ends.
Description
Conventional contact-provided rotary switches which have been
employed in the tuners of television sets incur disadvantages such
as poor contact due to wear of contact points and generation of
chattering noise.
The object of the present invention is to provide a contactless
rotary switching apparatus free from the said disadvantages.
SUMMARY
The present invention provides a contactless rotary switching
apparatus comprised of a disc-shaped fixed yoke made of magnetic
material which is stationary, a rotary yoke made of magnetic
material which is arranged in parallel with the said fixed yoke, an
actuating means which causes the said rotary yoke to rotate while
keeping it parallel with the said fixed yoke, a magnet which is
positioned between the said fixed yoke and rotary yoke and one
magnetic pole end of which is fixed to one of the said yokes and
the other magnetic pole free end is made to lightly contact the
rest of the said yokes, a plurality of magneto-electric converting
devices, for example Hall effect devices and magneto-resistance
devices, which are arranged in radial directions on the peripheral
portion of the said fixed yoke, an external input power supply and
external load connected to the said magneto-electric converting
devices, an arm or arms made of magnetic material which are
provided at the peripheral portion of the said rotary yoke,
extending towards the said fixed yoke so that the end or ends of
the said arm or arms will be in the proximity of the said
magneto-electric converting devices, grooves which are provided in
the form of circle on the free end face of the said magnet and the
end face of a yoke with which the said magnet comes in contact in
reference to the center line of rotation of the said rotary yoke,
and a number of balls made of magnetic material which are housed in
the said grooves and couple the said magnet and the yoke which
lightly contacts the said magnet so that they are kept
rotatable.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The present invention is illustrated in detail in the accompanying
drawings whereof:
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the contactless rotary
switching apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the "apparatus") of
one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the rotary yoke of the said
apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a plan illustrating the shape of the arm end of the
apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a cutaway side view of another embodiment of the
apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of the
apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the rotary yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of another embodiment of a fixed yoke for
the apparatus shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is a side view of another embodiment of the apparatus of
the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a rear view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a side view of another embodiment of fixed yoke for the
apparatus shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a cross section of another embodiment of the apparatus
of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a front view of the rotary yoke of the apparatus shown
in FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is the front view of another embodiment of fixed yoke for
the apparatus shown in FIG. 15;
FIG. 18 is a front view of another embodiment of the rotary yoke
for the device shown in FIG. 16;
FIG. 19 is a front view of another embodiment of plate yokes
actuating means for the apparatus shown in FIG. 14;
FIG. 20 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of the
apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a rear view of the fixed yoke of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 20; and
FIGS. 22a and 22b are front views of the rotary yokes of the
apparatus shown in FIG. 20.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 of the drawings, there is shown a
contactless rotary switching apparatus comprised of a disc-shaped
fixed yoke 20 which is fixed to the front inside of housing 10,
magneto-electric converting devices 30 fixed to fixed yoke 20,
magnet 40 fixed to the central portion of fixed yoke 20, rotary
yoke 50 which is provided to lightly contact the free end of the
magnet 40, a plurality of balls 60 which are arranged between said
rotary yoke 50 and magnet 40, and rotary shaft 70 as the actuating
means which rotates aid rotary yoke 50.
Housing 10 mentioned above is made of non-magnetic material, to the
front of which a number of terminals 11 are attached, and at the
rear center of which aperture 12 is provided, and an external input
power supply and external load, for example tuning circuit 13, are
respectively connected to the said terminals.
Said fixed yoke 20 is disc-shaped and formed from magnetic
material, at the rear peripheral portion of which magneto-electric
converting devices 30 are arranged radially at given equal
intervals.
Each magneto-electric converting device 30 is comprised of a Hall
effect device, a magneto resistance device, or an integrated
circuit containing such devices, and is connected to external
circuit 13 through said terminal 11. Fixed yoke 20 can be of the
disc type but it is desirable to design the portions where
magneto-electric converting devices 30 are to be fixed as radial
projections 21 as shown in FIG. 2. Thus each magneto-electric
device 30 is magnetically isolated to ensure accurate switching
operation. Magnet 40 is in such relative position that one end with
polarity S is fixed to the rear center of said fixed yoke 20 and
its other end with polarity N which is made free is projected
toward the rear.
Since magnet 40 is often made of ferrite, reinforcing part 41 made
of magnetic material with high wear resistance such as iron, etc.
is attached to the projected magnetic pole end, that is, the free
end, to prevent magnet 40 from wearing due to direct contact with
rotary yoke 50.
Rotary yoke 50 made of a magnetic material is rotatably mounted
onto the free end of magnet 40. Arm 51 is extended from the
peripheral portion of rotary yoke 50 towards fixed yoke 20 and end
5la of this arm is oppositely in the proximity of said
magneto-electric converting device 30 with a small gap.
On both the front face of rotary yoke 50 and the free end face of
magnet 40, circular grooves 42 and 52 with the same diameter from
center of rotation O of rotary yoke 50 are are provided
respectively.
Circular grooves 42 and 52 have the same width so that they form a
tubular enclosure when rotary yoke 50 contacts magnet 40 wherein
the said grooves are matched in opposite position. Balls 60, made
of magnetic material, are housed in the tubular enclosure formed by
grooves 42 and 52.
Balls 60 are given a diameter larger than the diameter of the
tubular enclosure formed by the grooves; therefore, rotary yoke 50
is rotatably coupled to magnet 40 while there remains a small gap
due to the balls. Rotary yoke 50 is biased towards magnet 40 by
spring 14 attached to the rear inside of case 10 and is supported
by spring 14 so that it does not come off from magnet 40.
Actuating means 70 is available in a variety of constructions.
Referring to FIG. 1, it is simplest to attach rotary shaft 70 made
of non-magnetic material to the rear of rotary yoke 50.
A dial and corresponding scale which are not illustrated are
provided at the rear end of rotary shaft 70 and permit arm 51 of
the rotary yoke to closely approach to the specified
magneto-electric converting device.
It is desirable to bevel end 51a of arm 51 of rotary yoke 50 so
that said end has a beveled surface in the direction of rotation as
illustrated in FIG. 4. Thus, the ability of fine tuning can be
obtained from variation of the magnetic flux density which is
applied to magneto-electric converting devices 30 by slightly
rotating arm 51 in the direction of the arrow when end 51a of arm
51 closely approaches magneto-electric converting device 30.
The apparatus according to the present invention is as described
above. Rotation of arm 51 in accordance with rotation of rotary
shaft 70 permits end 51a of the arm to approach magneto-electric
converting devices in sequence, thereby enabling actuation of
magneto-electric converting device 30 with concentration of the
magnetic flux onto the magneto-electric converting device when the
end of the said arm closely approaches it. Accordingly, regarding
the apparatus according to the present invention, rotation of
rotary yoke 50 actuates circuit 13 connected to specified
magneto-electric converting device 30 with concentration of
magnetic flux onto the said magneto-electric converting device.
The apparatus according to the present invention is advantageous in
the following points.
Since arm 51 is attracted to fixed yoke 20 and becomes stationary
when the said arm of rotary yoke 50 closely approaches specified
magneto-electric converting device 30, no other means is required
for fixing the arm.
Poor contact and chattering noise does not occur in this apparatus
because contacts are not employed.
Since magneto-electric converting device 30 can be manufactured in
a small size, the entire apparatus can be compact and light.
Because of magneto-electric converting device 30, the apparatus
operates accurately, incurring fewer troubles.
With variation of the characteristics of magneto-electric
converting device 30, switching operation as well as output voltage
and current with different output characteristics can be obtained.
Balls 60, made of magnetic material, positioned between the rotary
yokes enable rotary yoke 50 to rotate while the magnetic path is
closed.
Accordingly, the magnetic flux can be effectively utilized since
the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path can be greatly
reduced. Since balls 60 are used as the coupling means, rotary yoke
50 lightly rotates and there is no friction between magnet 40 and
the rotary yoke; thus the service life of the apparatus is
prolonged without deterioration of its performance.
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate the apparatus composed of rotary yoke 50,
which is provided with two arms 51 and 51', and fixed yoke 20
provided with magneto-electric converting devices 30 at its
periphery and which is provided with said balls 60 between fixed
yoke 20 and magnet 40.
In this embodiment of the present invention, magnet 40 is fixed to
rotary yoke 50 and balls 60 are housed in circular groove 22 of the
fixed yoke and circular groove 42 of magnet 40. Arms 51 and 51' of
rotary yoke 50 are extended parallel with the periphery of fixed
yoke 20.
In this embodiment, it is advantageous that two magneto-electric
converting devices 30 and 30' be actuated at the same time with the
rotation of rotary yoke 50.
As known from the said embodiment, there can be three or more arm
51 of the said rotary yoke.
FIGS. 7 to 13 illustrate an apparatus, rotary yoke 50 of which is
provided with a plurality of arms. For example arms 51 and 51',
which rotate tracing two concentric circles a and b with different
diameters the center of which is center O of rotation of rotary
yoke 50. Therefore, lengths l and l' of said arms 51 and 51' in the
radial direction in reference to center of rotation 0 can be
different.
In this embodiment of the present invention, magneto-electric
converting devices 30 and 30' which are to be mounted on fixed yoke
20 are arranged in opposite positions on loci a and b of said arms
51 and 51'. Accordingly, not only can the number of
magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30' be increased but,
also, two groups of magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30'
arranged on loci a and b can be used for different purposes, thus
enabling accurate and complicated switching.
Arms 51 and 51' of rotary yoke 50 used in this embodiment of the
invention are generally projected in the radial direction as
illustrated in FIG. 9. In some cases, the said arms can be
projected at an angle smaller than 180.degree. as illustrated in
FIG. 10 and the number of arms and rows of magneto-electric
converting devices can be more than three. Said arm 51 or 51' can
be extended so as to be parallel with the peripheral surface of
fixed yoke 20 as illustrated in FIG. 11. Furthermore, one said arm
can be designed to closely approach magneto-electric converting
devices 30 and 30' arranged in more than two rows as illustrated in
FIG. 13.
If designed as illustrated in FIG. 13, arm 51 can actuate two
circuits 13 and 13' with different power supplies and loads at the
same time. Since only magneto-electric converting device 30
operates when arm 51 reaches specified position P, if
magneto-electric converting device 30' at specified position P is
omitted, magneto-electric device 30 can be used to turn off the
entire apparatus.
FIGS. 14 to 19 illustrate an apparatus composed of fixed yoke 20
which is provided with plate yokes 80 which are of the strip type
and which are provided with actuating means 90 to incline the said
plate yokes when desired. Said plate yokes 80 are radially attached
to the front of fixed yoke 20 with pins 81 and are designed so that
outward ends 83 of the said yokes rotate with pins 81 as the
fulcrum by shifting inward ends 82 towards the circumference of the
fixed yoke.
In this embodiment of the present invention, fixed yoke 20 is fixed
to housing 10 by pin 23 thereby forming space 15 to house plate
yoke 80 between fixed yoke 20 and housing 10.
For said actuating means 90, a hook can be inserted from the front
of housing 10 so as to selectively rotate plate yoke 80, but it is
desirable in use to combine said actuating means 90 with actuating
means 70 as illustrated in FIG. 14.
Actuating means 90 illustrated in FIG. 14 is comprised of rotatable
slide shaft 92 which is inserted into hole 91 passing through
rotary shaft 70, rotary yoke 50, magnet 40 and fixed yoke 20 and of
hook 93 which is projected at the end of said shaft 92 and is
designed so that hook 93 disengages from plate yokes 80, when said
slide shaft 92 is retreated, as illustrated in FIG. 14, and engages
with one plate yoke 80 when said slide shaft is advanced.
To smooth movement of said slide shaft, it is desirable to form
groove 24 around the opening of hole 91 of fixed yoke 20, wherein
hook 93 can be housed when the slide shaft is retreated.
Furthermore, it is desirable that inward end 82 of plate yoke 80 is
provided with U-shaped cut 82a to ensure engagement. The engaging
means is not restricted, however, to the type mentioned mentioned
above and any other suitable means such as gear type engaging means
illustrated in FIG. 19 can be employed.
In this embodiment of the present invention, rotary yoke 50 is
provided with arm 51 which is extended to closely approach fixed
yoke 20 and arm 51" which is extended to closely approach plate
yoke 80. Magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30" are
provided at the ends of said fixed yoke 20 and plate yoke 80
opposite the said arms.
In this embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 16,
magneto-electric converting devices 30 of the fixed yoke and
magneto-electric converting devices 30" of plate yokes 80 are
actuated simultaneously by two arms 51 and 51" of rotary yokes 50.
Depending on the purpose of use, as illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18,
three arms (51, 51' and 51") or more can be provided at rotary yoke
50, or one arm 51" of the three arms (51, 51' and 51") can be
designed to become out of alignment with magneto-electric
converting device 30", depending on the rotation angle of rotary
yoke 50.
If the apparatus is designed as above, arms 51, 51' and 51" can
actuate magneto-electric converting devices 30, 30' and 30" or
specified magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30', at the
specified rotation angle of the rotary yoke.
Since this embodiment of the present invention is such as mentioned
above, magneto-electric converting devices 30 of the fixed yoke can
be used for selection of channels and magneto-electric converting
devices 30" of the plate yoke for fine tuning if the apparatus
which is designed as illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 16 is used as the
tuner of a television set. According to the embodiment illustrated
in FIGS. 14 to 16, when rotary yoke 50 is rotated to cause arms 51
and 51" to approach specified magneto-electric converting devices
30 and 30", circuits 13 and 13", such as the tuning circuit, etc.,
which are connected to said devices 30 and 30" function.
When slide shaft 92 advances and rotates plate yokes 80 with hook
93, the position of magneto-electric converting device 30" of the
plate yokes slightly deviates from arm 51" opposite thereto;
accordingly, the area of said 30" which receives the magnetic flux
varies and the quantity of the magnetic flux to be applied to
magneto-electric converting device also varies.
Since operation of circuit 13" changes in accordance with variation
of the quantity of magnetic flux, the apparatus enables fine
tuning. Hereupon it is desirable to bevel the end of arm 51" which
closely approaches the said plate yokes as illustrated in FIG. 4.
The advantage of this beveling is the consequent possibility of
finer tuning. Since plate yokes 80 are attracted by the fixed yoke,
no other fixing means is required for the plate yokes.
FIGS. 20 through 23 illustrates an embodiment in which there are
provided rotary yokes 50 and 50' which are rotatable independently
of each other by actuating means 70 which cause the rotary yokes to
rotate simultaneously or individually.
The number of rotary yokes can be varied. Thus there can be more
than three, or it can be two as for example when the apparatus is
to be used as a tuner.
Rotary yokes 50 and 50' shown in this embodiment of the present
invention are respectively provided with arms 51 and 51'. These
arms are given different lengths l and l' so that the arms rotate
with concentric circles a and b as their loci, and magneto-electric
converting devices 30 and 30' are arranged on fixed yoke 20 so as
to be opposite to said arms 51 and 51' on circles a and b as their
loci.
Actuating means 70 is devised with rotary shaft 72, which is slid
into hole 71 passing through the center of rotary yokes 50 and 50';
toothed surfaces 73 and 73' are provided on the holes of said
rotary yokes; gears 74 and 74' are provided on rotary shaft 72 so
that the teeth of the gears can mesh with the teeth on surfaces 73
and 73' when the rotary shaft advances; speed reduction
transmitting means, for example gear train 76, which meshes with
external clutching portion 75 of the rotary shaft when said rotary
shaft 72 retreats; and coupling portion 77 which couples said gear
train 76 to said rotary yoke 50'.
Said two rotary yokes 50 and 50' are provided with circular grooves
53 and 53' with the same diameter, the center of which is center O
of rotation. Balls 60, made of magnetic material, are housed
between their mating surfaces.
In other words, these two rotary yokes 50 and 50' are coupled by
the same means which couples magnet 40 to the yoke which contacts
the free end of the magnet.
This embodiment of the present invention has the construction
described above. Therefore, since two rotary yokes 50 and 51'
rotate simultaneously and approach specified magneto-electric
converting devices 30 and 30', circuits 13 and 13' which are
connected to magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30' (for
example, the voltage tuning type circuits provided with Varactor
diode) can be actuated by concentrating the magnetic flux onto
magneto-electric converting devices 30 and 30'.
Since rotary shaft 72 is coupled to speed reduction transmitting
means 76 when rotary shaft 72 is retreated, one rotary yoke 50'
only can be slightly shifted by rotating rotary shaft 72 and the
quantity of the magnetic flux to be applied to the magneto-electric
converting device 30' can be varied by changing the area of this
magneto-electric converting device opposite to arm 51'.
In this embodiment of the present invention, accordingly, rotary
yoke 50 enables selection of channels and rotary yoke 50', fine
tuning.
Hereupon magneto-electric converting device 30' can be used for all
channels in common. In this case, as one magneto-electric
converting device 30' satisfies the requirement, it is not
necessary to actuate rotary yokes 50 and 50' at the same time and
it is satisfactory to design the apparatus so that rotary yoke 50
can be rotated 360.degree. for selection of channels and rotary
yoke 50' can be rotated within a given angle for fine tuning.
In this case, accordingly, an actuating means can be provided to
selectively actuate two rotary yokes 50 and 50'.
For this actuating means, the pipe-shaped rotary shaft is to be
attached to rotary yoke 50' for fine tuning and the rotary shaft
which rotates rotary yoke 50 for selection of channels can be
mounted into the said pipe-shaped rotary shaft.
This actuating means can be referred to the construction
illustrated in FIG. 14.
The speed reduction transmitting means should not always require
gears and can employ a known means such as a speed reduction
mechanism comprised of a friction wheel, pulley and belt, etc.
* * * * *