U.S. patent number 3,669,263 [Application Number 05/108,310] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-13 for apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Genevieve I. Hanscom (formerly Genevieve I. Magnuson), Genevieve I. Hanscom, Robert Magnuson, Lois J. Thomson (formerly Lois J.. Invention is credited to Raymond E. Babb.
United States Patent |
3,669,263 |
Babb |
June 13, 1972 |
APPARATUS FOR SORTING PRODUCTS ACCORDING TO THEIR LENGTHS
Abstract
An electrical apparatus for sorting products according to their
lengths. In this apparatus the products are passed through a
scanning zone which is provided with a light sensitive cell and a
source of illumination arranged so that illumination of the light
sensitive cell is interrupted while the product is passing through
the scanning zone and an electric pulse is generated while the
product is in this zone. This pulse is transmitted from the
photocell amplifier to the toggle flip-flop which provides one
input to an And gate in the circuit which controls the energization
of the solenoid valves controlling the air blasts that deflect the
product according to their lengths. This pulse is also transmitted
from the photocell amplifier to a signal expanding device which
controls a gate between an oscillation generator and an electronic
counter so that pulses are transmitted from this generator through
this gate to the counter for the duration of the expanded pulse to
provide a measure of the product length. The expanded pulse is also
supplied to delay circuit to provide a strobe pulse to the logic of
this apparatus which supplies three outputs corresponding to the
long, medium and short product lengths. These outputs are connected
to separate product length flip-flops which are connected to the
And gates provided to the circuit controlling the air blast control
valves. Each of the And gates have a pair of inputs, one of which
is supplied by the output of the toggle flip-flop and the other of
which is supplied by the product length flip-flops. Thus, the And
gates control which of the air blast solenoid valves is to be
energized. If the long product flip-flop supplies a signal to the
long product And gate then the long product air blast valve is
opened and if the medium or short flip-flop supplies the control
signal to the medium or short And gate then the medium or short air
blast valve is opened.
Inventors: |
Babb; Raymond E. (Fremont,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Genevieve I. Hanscom (formerly
Genevieve I. Magnuson) (N/A)
Genevieve I. Hanscom, Robert Magnuson, Lois J. Thomson (formerly
Lois J. (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
22321477 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/108,310 |
Filed: |
January 21, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
209/564; 209/586;
209/644 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B07C
5/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B07C
5/10 (20060101); B07C 5/04 (20060101); B07c
001/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;209/82,111.7 ;250/223
;356/156 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Knowles; Allen N.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination comprising means moving a single file of the
products to be sorted through a scanning zone at a predetermined
speed, said scanning zone having a light source and a light
sensitive device, an amplifier having the input thereof coupled to
said light sensitive device, a toggle flip-flop connected to the
output of said amplifier, said amplifier providing an output pulse
to trigger said toggle flip-flop when the leading edge of a product
is sensed in said scanning zone, a pulse generator for generating
pulses at a predetermined rate, pulse counting means, a gate, means
supplying a pulse characterized by the length of said product to
condition said gate for transmitting pulses from said generator to
said counting means for the duration of the pulse, means responsive
to said counting means producing product length signals
characterized by different product lengths, a pair of signal delay
devices, said toggle flip-flop having a pair of outputs connected
to said signal delay devices separately so that said signal delay
devices are activated by said flip-flop output alternately, and
means responsive to said product length signals and to the signal
from said signal delay devices controlling separating means which
separates the products scanned according to their lengths.
2. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 1, further characterized in
that said pair of signal delay devices each comprise a one shot
multivibrator with the outputs thereof connected together to said
last mentioned signal responsive means.
3. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 2, further characterized in
that said last mentioned signal responsive means includes at least
two flip-flops which are responsive to different product length
signals respectively.
4. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 3, further characterized in
that the outputs of said two flip-flops are connected to separate
Nand gates, the outputs of said one shot multivibrators also being
connected to said Nand gates.
5. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 4, further characterized in
that the outputs of said Nand gates are connected separately to two
additional one shot multivibrators which produce pulses having
lengths corresponding substantially to the time required for a
product to be moved by said moving means from said scanning zone to
said separating means so that said separating means is activated
thereby at the proper time for separating selected products.
6. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 5, further characterized in
that the outputs of said Nand gates are also separately supplied to
said two flip-flops for resetting these flip-flops.
7. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination comprising means moving a single file of the
products to be sorted through a scanning zone at a predetermined
speed, said scanning zone having a light source and a light
sensitive device, an amplifier having the input thereof coupled to
said light sensitive device, a toggle flip-flop, means connecting
said toggle flip-flop to the output of said amplifier, said
amplifier providing an output pulse to trigger said toggle
flip-flop when the leading edge of a product is sensed in said
scanning zone, means expanding said output pulse a predetermined
amount to compensate for the shortened pulse obtained from the
scanning of the product, a pulse generator for generating pulses at
a predetermined rate, pulse counting means, a gate controlled by
said expanded pulse for transmitting pulses from said generator to
said counting means, means responsive to said counting means
producing signals characterized by different product lengths, one
shot multivibrator means, means responsive to the output of said
toggle flip-flop and to said last mentioned signals for activating
said one shot multivibrator means, solenoid valve means controlling
product separating jets, and means responsive to said multivibrator
means controlling said solenoid valve means to separate the
products according to their lengths.
8. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 7, further characterized in
that said output pulse expanding means comprises a one shot
multivibrator having means for producing said expanded pulse of
predetermined duration.
9. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 8, further characterized in
that the physical size of said light source is substantially larger
than that of said light sensitive device so that when the product
is moved therebetween the period of interruption of the light
transmitted from said source to said light sensitive device does
not correspond to the period of the pulse generated in the output
of said light sensitive device, said one shot multivibrator being
adjusted so that the pulse produced thereby is expanded by an
amount to substantially compensate for the discrepency between said
period of interruption and said output pulse.
10. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 7, further characterized in
that said means responsive to the output of said toggle flip-flop
comprises two one shot multivibrators which are connected to said
toggle flip-flop to be activated by alternate pulses from said
toggle flip-flop whereby closer spacing of the products moved
through said scanning zone is possible.
11. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 10, further characterized in
that the outputs of said two one shot multivibrators are connected
together to provide one input to each of two Nand gates, flip-flops
connected to said counting means responsive means, said last
mentioned flip-flops providing the other input to said two Nand
gates and the outputs of said Nand gates being connected to said
one shot multivibrator means.
12. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination comprising means moving a single file of the
products to be sorted through a scanning zone at a predetermined
speed, said scanning zone having a light source and a light
sensitive device, an amplifier having the input thereof coupled to
said light sensitive device, a toggle flip-flop, means connecting
said toggle flip-flop to the output of said amplifier, said
amplifier providing an output pulse to trigger said toggle
flip-flop when the leading edge of a product is sensed in said
scanning zone, means expanding said output pulse a predetermined
amount to compensate for the shortened pulse obtained from the
scanning of the product, a pulse generator for generating pulses at
a predetermined rate, pulse counting means, a gate controlled by
said expanded pulse for transmitting pulses from said generator to
said counting means, means responsive to said counting means
producing different product length signals, means responsive to the
output of said toggle flip-flop and to said last mentioned signals,
solenoid valve means controlling product separating jets, and means
responsive to said last mentioned means controlling said solenoid
valve means to separate the products according to their
lengths.
13. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 12, further characterized in
that said toggle flip-flop is connected to a pair of signal delay
devices which are energized alternately from said toggle flip-flop
and said product length signals are supplied to different product
length flip-flops.
14. In apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths,
the combination as set forth in claim 13, further characterized in
that said means controlling said valve solenoid includes additional
signal devices having inputs thereof connected to Nand gates, said
Nand gates being controlled by signals from said product length
flip-flop and from said pair of signal delay devices.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to apparatus for sorting products according
to their lengths.
An object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for
sorting products according to the lengths thereof.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved
apparatus for sorting products according to the lengths thereof,
said apparatus being provided with means that is responsive to
alternate products moved along a single file conveyor such that the
pulses from succeeding products control this apparatus in a
reliable manner and the spacing of the products being sorted may be
relatively close without interference.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved
apparatus for sorting products according to the lengths thereof,
said apparatus being provided with dual circuit means responsive to
alternate pulses produced when leading edges of succeeding products
pass a sensor in single file, the pulses from the succeeding
products being used to trigger the dual circuits alternately
whereby closer spacing of the products being sorted is possible
without interference.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved
apparatus for sorting products according to their lengths, said
apparatus generating a signal while the product is passing between
the light and the light sensitive sensor of the scanning zone; said
signal is amplified and supplied to a circuit in which it is
subjected to a lengthening process to compensate for the signal
duration discrepancy occurring in the scanning zone due to the
physical dimensions of the components used, said lengthened signal
being supplied to a gate which controls the duration during which
the pulses are supplied from a pulse generator to an electronic
counting and logic circuit which provides different outputs
characterized by the different product lengths.
Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent to
those skilled in the art to which it relates from the following
specification, claims and drawing.
In accordance with this invention there is provided an apparatus
for sorting products according to their lengths which is an
improvement over the apparatus disclosed and claimed in U.S. Pat.
No. 3,525,433. The present invention provides a means whereby the
lengths of the products may be more accurately determined and
whereby the product may be routed into a selected category more
efficiently so that a greater volume of products may be processed
in a given time. This invention also employs an oscillation
generator which supplies pulses that are counted by an electronic
counter for different durations depending upon the lengths of the
products being scanned. The output of the counter is supplied to
the logic of this apparatus which supplies different outputs
characterized by the product lengths.
In the present invention a signal is initiated when the leading
edge of the product intercepts a light beam to a photocell in the
illuminated scanning zone of this apparatus and this signal is
amplified. Part of the output from this amplifier is supplied to a
signal expanding circuit which provides an expanded pulse to the
gate that is connected between the oscillation generator and the
electronic counter for controlling the number of pulses transmitted
from this generator to the electronic counter. The other part of
the output from the photocell amplifier is transmitted to a toggle
type flip-flop which is part of the control circuit that controls
the energization of the product deflecting means.
The electronic counter provides binary coded output to a comparator
network which is connected to manually set switches. These switches
are set to determine the lengths to be sorted and the outputs of
the decade counters are compared to these settings.
The outputs of the comparator are connected to flip-flop gates
which supply the input to the system logic. Outputs from the system
logic are connected to the set terminals of the long product
flip-flop and to the short/medium product flip-flop. The output of
the long flip-flop is connected to one input of the long Nand gate
and the output of the short/medium flip-flop is connected to one
input of the short/medium Nand gate. These Nand gates are connected
to the long one shot multivibrator and short/medium one shot
multivibrator, respectively, which control the long solenoid drive
and short/medium solenoid driver, respectively. Reset signals for
the long flip-flop and the short/medium flip-flop are also obtained
from the long Nand gate and a short/medium Nand gate,
respectively.
The toggle flip-flop which is connected to the output of the light
sensitive cell amplifier is provided with two output circuits which
are connected to separate one shot multivibrators. The outputs of
these one shot multivibrators are connected together and to the
other inputs of the long and medium/short Nand gates. Thus, either
output from the toggle flip-flop is supplied to both of the Nand
gates. Consequently, if a long product is being processed a pulse
of relatively long duration is supplied from the long flip-flop to
one input of the long Nand gate and the short pulse from one of the
one shot multivibrators functions to activate the long Nand gate
and provide an output to another multivibrator which controls the
driver for the solenoid valve which controls the air blast to route
the long product. Likewise, if a medium/short signal is supplied to
the medium/short flip-flop the medium/short Nand gate is activated
to provide an output for controlling a multivibrator which controls
the medium/short driver and this in turn controls the energization
of the solenoid valve which supplies an air blast to route the
medium/short product.
Further details and features of this invention will be set forth in
the following specification, claims and drawing in which,
briefly:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the circuit employed in an embodiment
of this apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the signal expander circuit;
FIG. 3 is a timing chart for the signal expander circuit;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relation between the light source
and the light sensitive cell and is used to explain the purpose of
the signal expander circuit;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are a detail drawing of the control board employed in
this apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a voltage regulator employed in the control
board; and
FIG. 8 is a timing chart between the input and output of the length
sorter.
Referring to the block diagram FIG. 1 reference numeral 100
designates a light sensitive photo diode that is positioned in
relation to the single file product conveyor 101 so that light from
the light source 102 is intercepted by the product as the product
is moved by the conveyor. This part of this apparatus is similar to
the corresponding part of the apparatus disclosed in application
Ser. No. 621,981 filed on Mar. 9, 1967, which is now U.S. Pat. No.
3,455,444.
The photo diode 100 is connected by a shielded line to the input of
the amplifier and Schmitt trigger 103 which produces a square pulse
on its output while the product is on the conveyor 101 and
intercepts the light passing from the light source 102 to the photo
diode. The square pulse from the amplifier and Schmitt trigger 103
is supplied to line 105 which is connected to the input of the
signal expander 104 and also to the input of the toggle flip-flop
106 which is provided with two output terminals 107 and 108.
The output of the signal expander 104 comprises one of the inputs
to the gate 201; another input to this gate is provided by the
oscillator 118 which generates pulses of a predetermined frequency
that is adjustable by the resistor 121 and which frequency is
correlated with the speed of the conveyor 101.
The pulse from the signal expander 104 is also supplied by line 113
to the multivibrator 203 and to the alarm 126. The computing and
logic apparatus which is enclosed by the broken line 200 is similar
to the apparatus disclosed in application Ser. No. 751,815 which is
now U.S. Pat. No. 3,525,433, and reference is made to this patent
for the details of construction thereof. This apparatus includes
the gate 201 which is provided with outputs to the decade counters
204 and to the delay multivibrator 202 which supplies a 20
microsecond delayed reset signal to the counters 204 and also a 20
microsecond delayed reset signal to the flip-flops in gates 208 and
209. Delay multivibrator 202 also provides a 10 microsecond delayed
signal to one of the Nand gates of the spurious signal rejector
203. The input of another Nand gate of the spurious signal rejector
203 is connected to the output of the signal expander 104. The
spurious signal rejector 203 supplies the strobe signal to the
separator logic 210.
The binary coded decimal output of the decade counters 204 is
supplied to the signal inverter 205 which is connected to the
comparator network 206. Thumbwheel switches 207 are connected to
the comparator network 206 to select the product length ranges to
be classified into the short/medium and long length products. The
outputs of the comparator network 206 are connected to the gates
208 and 209 and the outputs of these gates are connected to the
system logic 210 in which these outputs together with the strobe
signal determine which output line 211, 212 or 213 is to be
energized. Output 211 is connected by line 215 to the long
flip-flop 217 and outputs 212 and 213 are connected to the selector
switch 214 so that either output 212 or 213 may be connected by
this switch to line 216 which is connected to the short/medium
flip-flop 218. Thus, line 215 when energized provides the set
signal for flip-flop 217 and line 216 when energized provides the
set signal for flip-flop 218.
Toggle flip-flop 106 is provided with two outputs 107 and 108 which
are connected to the inputs of one shot multivibrators 219 and 220,
respectively. Trimmer potentiometers 221 and 222 are connected to
the one shot multivibrators 219 and 220, respectively, for
adjusting the delay provided in these one shots and the variable
controls of these potentiometers are connected together
mechanically so that these devices are adjusted simultaneously. The
outputs of the one shot multivibrators 219 and 220 are connected
together and to the terminals 225 and 227 of the long gate 223 and
medium/short gate 224, respectively. The long flip-flop 217 has the
output thereof connected to the other input terminal 226 of the
long gate 223 and the short/medium flip-flop 218 has the output
thereof connected to the other input terminal 228 of the
short/medium gate 224.
The output of the long gate 223 is connected to the input of the
long duration one shot multivibrator 229 and also provides the
reset signal for the long flip-flop 217. Likewise, the output of
the short/medium gate 224 is connected to the input of the
short/medium one shot multivibrator 230 and also provides the reset
signal for the short/medium flip-flop 218. The driver 233 for the
long product solenoid 235 is connected to the output of the one
shot multivibrator 229 and the short/medium driver 234 which drives
the short/medium product solenoid 236 is connected to the one shot
multivibrator 230. Multivibrators 229 and 230 are provided with
trimmer potentiometers 231 and 232, respectively, so that the
duration of the delay in these multivibrators may be manually
adjusted. Solenoid 235 controls the air jet for deflecting the long
length products and solenoid 236 controls the valve of the air jet
for deflecting the short/medium length products.
In FIG. 2 there is shown a detail wiring diagram of the pulse
expanding or stretching circuit 104 which is provided with a
transistor 105 having the base thereof connected to the amplifier
output 103. The collector of transistor 105 is connected to the
positive 5 volt line 106 through resistor 107 and it is also
connected to line 108 which leads to the base of transistor 109 and
to the coupling capacitor 110. Coupling capacitor 110 is connected
to the terminal 9 of the Nand gate 111. Nand gates 111 and 112 are
connected as a flip-flop and terminal 8 of gate 111 is connected to
terminal 12 of gate 112. Terminal 10 of gate 111 is connected to
terminal 11 of gate 112 which is also connected to the output line
113.
The collector of transistor 109 is connected to the positive 5 volt
line 106 through resistor 114 and to line 115 which goes to one
side of the coupling capacitor 116. The other side of this
capacitor is connected to terminal 1 of the Nand gate 117. Nand
gates 117 and 118 are connected as a one shot multivibrator.
Terminal 2 of gate 117 is connected to terminal 6 of gate 118 and
terminal 3 of gate 117 is connected to the line 119 which leads to
one side of each of the capacitors 120 and 121. The other side of
capacitor 120 is connected to terminals 4 and 5 of gate 118, and
the other side of capacitor 121 is connected to terminal 13 of gate
112. Capacitors 110, 116 and 121 together with resistors 122, 123
and 124, respectively, function as differentiating circuits.
Thus, the leading edge of the negative-going pulse 125 supplied to
line 108 by transistor 105 is differentiated in circuit 110-122 to
provide the sharp pulse 126 to the terminal 9 of the flip-flop
including gates 111 and 112 so that the flip-flop starts generating
pulse 127. The timed relation of these pulses is shown in FIG. 3.
Pulse 125 is also supplied to the base of transistor 109 which
functions as an inverter and provides the pulse 125a on the line
115 which is connected to the collector thereof and which
corresponds in duration to pulse 125. Differentiating circuit
116-123 provides a sharp pulse 128 from the trailing edge of pulse
125a and this sharp pulse is supplied to terminal 1 of gate 117 of
the one-shot multivibrator. This multivibrator produces pulse 129
on line 119 and differentiating circuit 121-124 produces a sharp
pulse 130 from the trailing edge of pulse 129. Pulse 130 is
supplied to terminal 13 of gate 112 and functions to reset the
flip-flop 111-112. Thus the pulse 127 supplied to line 113 by the
flip-flop 111-112 is lengthened or expanded so that its time
interval corresponds to the combined time of pulses 125 and
129.
In FIG. 4 there is shown a view of the physical relationship
between the light source 102 and the light sensitive cell 100. The
product P conveyed between the light source and light sensitive
cell intercepts the light rays from the light source. When the
product is in the position shown by P.sub.1 it intercepts the light
from the source 102 to the photodiode 100. This initiates the start
of pulse 125 by the amplifier Schmitt trigger 103. When the product
is conveyed to the position shown by P.sub.2 the trip point is
reached and the pulse 125 is cut off. However, in this arrangement
the length of the pulse corresponding to the product is actually
shortened by the time it takes the product to move the distance C,
that is the length of pulse 125 does not correspond to the actual
time that the product requires to move through the scanning zone.
The circuit shown in FIG. 2 is used to compensate for this
discrepency by lengthening the pulse to the length of pulse 127
which is accomplished by adding the length of pulse 129 to that of
pulse 125.
In FIGS. 5 and 6 there is shown the diagram of connections of the
components of the control board which is that portion of the
circuit shown in FIG. 1 enclosed by the broken line 300. The toggle
flip-flop 106 employs two Nand gates 301 and 302. Nand gate 301 is
provided with three terminals 11, 12 and 13 and Nand gate 302 is
also provided with three terminals which are designated by 8, 9 and
10. Terminals 11 and 8 of gates 301 and 302, respectively, form the
outputs 107 and 108 shown in FIG. 1. Feedback resistors 303 and 304
are connected between the terminals 11 and 12 of gate 301 and
terminals 8 and 10 of gate 302, respectively. Terminal 11 of gate
301 is connected to terminal 9 of gate 302 and terminal 8 of gate
302 is connected to terminal 13 of gate 301. Input from the 160
line 105 is supplied to these gates through capacitors 305 and 306
which are connected between the line 105 and terminal 12 of gate
302 and terminal 10 of gate 302, respectively.
The device 106 functions as a toggle flip-flop and the outputs 107
and 108 thereof are connected to the one shot multivibrators 219
and 220, respectively, so that each of these multivibrators
receives alternate pulses from the flip-flop. Each of these
multivibrators is in the form of an integrated circuit and each is
provided with terminals designated by the numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9,
10, 11 and 14 as shown. Terminals 3 and 4 of each multivibrator are
connected together and these terminals of multivibrator 219 are
connected to the output terminal 107 of the toggle flip-flop.
Likewise these terminals of multivibrator 220 are connected to the
output terminal 108 of the toggle flip-flop. Resistors 307 and 309
are connected between terminals 5 and 14 of each multivibrator 219
and 220, respectively, and terminal 14 of each multivibrator is
connected to the positive 5 volt line. Terminal 7 of each
multivibrator is connected to the ground line G and capacitors 308
and 310 are connected between the terminals 10 and 11 of each
multivibrator, respectively.
One side of each of the variable resistors 311 and 312 is connected
to terminal 9 of each multivibrator and the other sides of these
resistors are connected to variable resistors 313 and 314,
respectively. Variable resistors 313 and 314 are connected to the
positive 5 volt line. These variable resistors are used to control
the signal delay in the multivibrators 219 and 220. Resistors 311
and 312 may be positioned on the control board whereas resistors
313 and 314 may be positioned outside where they are readily
accessible, and these latter resistors 313 and 314 may be operated
by a common manual control. The durations of the signals from the
one shot multivibrators 219 and 220 are set by these resistors to
delay the action of the solenoid valves and time the air blasts
controlled by these valves to coincide with the predetermined
product passing by these valves. This delay is determined by the
speed of the conveyor, the solenoid valve turn-on time and the
distance from the photo sensitive cell or photodiode to the air
nozzles controlled by the solenoid valves.
A diode rectifier 315 and differentiating circuit including
capacitor 316 and resistor 319 are connected between the output
terminal 1 of one shot multivibrator 219 and input terminal 5 of
the Nand gate 223. Likewise, the output terminal 1 of one shot
multivibrator 220 is coupled to the input terminal 9 of Nand gate
224 by the diode rectifier 318 and differentiating circuit
including capacitor 319 and resistor 320. However, terminals 5 and
9 of Nand gates 223 and 224 are connected together so that output
from either one of the one shot multivibrators 219 or 220 is
supplied to either one of these Nand gates.
The other input terminals 4 and 10 of Nand gates 223 and 224 are
connected to the outputs of flip-flops 217 and 218, respectively,
as shown in FIG. 6. Two Nand gates 322 and 323 are connected
together to form the flip-flop 217 and two Nand gates 324 and 325
are connected together to comprise the flip-flop 218. Terminals 1
and 3 of Nand gate 322 are connected to terminals 11 and 12,
respectively, of gate 323 in flip-flop 217. Terminal 2 of Nand gate
322 is connected to ground through resistor 326 and terminal 13 of
Nand gate 323 is connected to ground through resistor 327. Coupling
capacitor 328 is provided between the terminal 2 if Nand gate 322
and the line 215 which leads to the long product terminal 211 of
the logic as shown in FIG. 1. Output terminal 3 of Nand gate 322 of
flip-flop 217 is connected to the input terminal 4 of Nand gate 223
as shown in FIG. 5. Thus, when 780 as flip-flop 217 receives a
signal corresponding to a long product over line 215 this flip-flop
is set and supplies a signal to terminal 4 of Nand gate 223.
Flip-flop 218 is similar to flip-flop 217 and terminal 1 of Nand
gate 324 thereof is connected to terminal 6 of Nand gate 325 and
terminal 3 of gate 324 is connected to terminal 4 of gate 325.
Terminal 2 of gate 324 is connected to ground through resistor 330
and is coupled to the medium-short product line 216 through a
capacitor 332. Terminal 5 of gate 325 is connected to ground
through resistor 331 and is coupled to the reset line by capacitor
333. When the medium-short product signal is received from the
logic 210 shown in FIG. 1 over line 216, flip-flop 218 is set and
supplies a signal to terminal 10 of Nand gate 224 shown in FIG.
5.
The output terminals 6 of Nand gate 223 is connected by line 334 to
the input terminal 3 of the one shot multivibrator 229. Line 334
extends to flip-flop 217 and provides the reset signal for this
flip-flop. Likewise, the output terminal 8 of Nand gate 224 is
connected by line 335 to the input terminal 3 of the one shot
multivibrator 230, and this line also extends to flip-flop 218 to
provide the reset signal for this flip-flop. Test switches 215a and
216a are provided for grounding the reset lines 215 and 216,
respectively, through resistors 215b and 216b. Capacitors 215c and
216c are connected across resistors 215b and 216b,
respectively.
The signal delay in one shot 229 may be adjusted by the variable
resistor 231 which is connected in series with the resistor 231a to
terminal 9 of the one shot. Right hand terminal of resistor 231 is
connected to the positive 5 volt line. Likewise, the signal delay
in one shot 230 may be adjusted by the variable resistor 232 which
is connected in series with resistor 232a to terminal 9 of the one
shot and the right hand terminal of resistor 232 is connected to
the positive 5 volt line.
One shot multivibrators 229 and 230 are integrated circuit devices
and each of these devices is provided with terminals 1, 3, 4, 5, 7,
9, 10, 11 and 14. Terminals 5 and 14 of the one shots 229 and 230
are connected together to the positive 5 volt line. These terminals
of one shot 229 and one shot 230 are connected to the emitter of
transistor 336, and to emitter of transistor 337, respectively.
Transistors 336 and 338 form the driver 233 and transistors 337 and
339 form the driver 234 shown in this FIG. 1. Resistors 340 and 341
are connected in series between the 5 volt line and the terminal 1
of one shot 229 and the junction of these resistors is connected to
the base of transistor 336; this junction is also coupled by
capacitor 342 to ground.
The collector of transistor 336 is connected through resistor 343
to the base of transistor 338 to supply the signal to this
transistor. The base of transistor 338 is also connected to ground
through resistor 344. The emitter of transistor 338 is connected to
ground the the collector thereof is connected to line 235a which is
connected to the solenoid 235 that controls the air jet valve for
deflecting the long product. A Zener diode 338a is connected across
the transistor 338 to protect this transistor from voltage surges
developed in the solenoid circuit.
The connections of the driver transistors 337 and 339 are similar
to those of transistors 336 and 338. In this case resistors 345 and
346 are connected in series between the 5 volt line and terminal 1
of one shot 230. The junction between these resistors is connected
to the base of transistor 337 and also to the capacitor 347 which
is connected between the base of transistor 337 and ground. The
collector of transistor 337 is connected to the base of transistor
339 through resistor 348. The base of transistor 339 is also
connected to ground through resistor 349. The emitter of transistor
339 is connected to ground and the collector thereof is connected
to line 236a which leads to the solenoid 236 shown in FIG. 1. This
solenoid controls the air jet valve for the medium-short product. A
Zener diode 339a is connected across the transistor 339 to protect
this transistor from voltage surges developed in the solenoid
circuit.
The voltage regulator 360 for providing a constant 5 volt supply is
shown in FIG. 7 and it is provided with four transistors 361, 362,
363 and 364 which are connected to provide a constant 5 volt supply
from the input of 18 volts connected to the line 365. Resistor 366
and Zener diode 367 are connected in series between the line 365
and ground. The potentiometer 368 is connected across Zener diode
367 and the variable contact of this potentiometer is connected to
the base of transistor 362 to provide a bias thereto which is
stabilized by the Zener diode 367. The emitters of transistors 362
and 363 are connected together to resistor 369 and to ground. Thus
the voltage drop across resistor 369 depends on the current flow
through both transistors 362 and 363. The collectors of these
transistors are connected to line 365 through resistors 370 and
371, respectively. Bias for the base of transistor 363 is provided
from the 5 volt line so that any variations in this voltage are
transmitted to the base of this transistor. The base of transistor
361 is connected to the collector of transistor 362 and the
collector of the latter transistor is connected through resistor
372 to the base of transistor 364. Thus, the 5 volt line is
supplied through the transistor 364 from line 365 and the bias on
the base of transistor 364 is controlled by transistors 361, 362
and 363.
In FIG. 8 there is shown a timing chart for this apparatus. When
the leading edge of the product P.sub.1 intercepts the light from
the source 102 to the photocell 100, a pulse 400 is produced in the
amplifier Schmitt trigger 103 and a pulse 401 is supplied to the
toggle flip-flop 106. Pulse 402 is transmitted from the output of
the toggle flip-flop to the one shot multivibrators 219 or 220.
Pulse 403 is generated by either of the one shots 219 or 220. Pulse
404 is supplied by the logic over either lines 215 or 216 to the
flip-flops 217 or 218. In this case it was assumed that the logic
210 produced a signal corresponding to a long product and so it is
assumed that the pulse 404 is transmitted to flip-flop 217 to set
this flip-flop. Flip-flop 217 produces pulse 405. Of course, if the
pulse 404 received from logic 210 corresponded to a medium-short
product then this pulse would be transmitted to flip-flop 218 to
set this flip-flop instead of flip-flop 217. Pulse 405 would then
be produced by flip-flop 218. Pulse 406 is produced at the end of
the one shot multivibrator pulse 403 and is supplied to Nand gates
223-224. Gate 223 is receiving pulse 405 from flip-flop 217 and at
the end of pulse 405 Nand gate produces output pulse 407 which is
transmitted to the one shot multivibrator 209 and also to the reset
terminal of flip-flop 217. One shot multivibrator 229 produces the
pulse 408 which is supplied to the driver 233 for the air blast
solenoid valve control 235 which releases the air blast from the
nozzle 409 to deflect the product shown at P.sub.2 which has
arrived at the nozzle. Pulse 408 must be long enough to permit the
air blast to deflect the product. The delay indicated at 410 is
provided in the Nand gate 223 or 224 to delay the reset signal to
the flip-flops 217 or 218 so that these flip-flops do not turn off
the affected gate too fast.
While I have shown and described a certain preferred embodiment of
the invention, it is apparent that the invention is capable of
variation and modification from the form shown so that the scope
thereof should be limited only by the proper scope of the claims
appended hereto.
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