U.S. patent number 3,668,909 [Application Number 05/041,211] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-13 for settable key and coding mechanism therefor.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Locking Systems, Inc.. Invention is credited to Marvin E. Roberts.
United States Patent |
3,668,909 |
Roberts |
June 13, 1972 |
SETTABLE KEY AND CODING MECHANISM THEREFOR
Abstract
A system for selectively coding a key to correspond to the code
for any one of a number of differently coded locks is provided
whereby the key is set to operate any given one of the locks. The
key includes settable bits carried upon a shank or stem each of the
bits being variously settable to a number of coded arrangements
thereof. The key setting means serves to set the bits of the key in
response to a coding element having predetermined code portions
defining the code for the lock which is to be operated. For example
a punched hole accounting card can be utilized as a coding element.
The setting means receives a key and also the coding element and
includes sensing portions for sensing the coded portions of the
coding element so as to set the key bits in response thereto.
Inventors: |
Roberts; Marvin E. (Reno,
NV) |
Assignee: |
Locking Systems, Inc. (Reno,
NV)
|
Family
ID: |
21915339 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/041,211 |
Filed: |
May 28, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/411; 70/408;
70/395; 29/804; 70/399; 340/306 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
19/18 (20130101); Y10T 70/7802 (20150401); Y10T
70/7825 (20150401); Y10T 70/7893 (20150401); Y10T
70/7876 (20150401); Y10T 29/53457 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
19/18 (20060101); E05B 19/00 (20060101); E05b
019/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/411,409,408,393,395,396,399,431,447,460,382-384 ;340/306
;33/174F |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wolfe; Robert L.
Claims
I claim:
1. A system for selectively coding a key to correspond to the code
of any one of a plurality of differently coded locks to operate a
given one of said locks comprising key means having bits settable
variously to a number of coded arrangements thereof, a punched hole
accounting card carrying openings therein defining the code for
said given one of said locks, and setting means for receiving said
card and key and serving to set the key bits in response to
openings of the card.
2. A system for selectively coding a key to any one of a plurality
of differently coded locks to operate a given one of said locks
comprising a key assembly having a plurality of bit elements, each
bit element being movable to a plurality of coded positions, and
means selectively operable for retaining or releasing said bits in
their coded positions, means for receiving said key bits to be
moved to their respective coded positions for said one lock, and
selectively coded setting means for operating the last named said
means and serving to move said bits to their said coded positions
whereby the first named means can be operated to retain said bits
in their coded positions and the key assembly removed from the
setting means in condition adapted to operate said one lock.
3. A system according to claim 2 wherein said setting means
includes means for engaging and positioning said bits and further
includes movable detent elements associated therewith, said detent
elements being adapted to be engaged by openings formed in a
substrate, and means for receiving the substrate in a position
disposed to cause said detent elements to engage said openings for
positioning said bits in accordance with the openings in said
substrate.
4. A system for selectively coding a key to correspond to the code
of any one of a plurality of differently coded locks to operate a
given one of said locks comprising key means having bits settable
variously to a number of coded arrangements thereof, coding means
having predetermined code portions for defining the code for said
given one of said locks, and setting means having means for
receiving said one key, said setting means also having sensing
portions for sensing said coded portions and serving to set the key
bits in response thereto.
5. In a system for selectively setting the bits of a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a number of differently coded
locks so as to be adapted to be selectively set to operate a given
one of said locks, a translating device for setting the bits of a
key comprising a plurality of bit-setting assemblies associated
respectively with the key bits to be set to coded positions, each
said assembly including means serving to engage opposite sides of a
bit projecting radially outwardly of a key shank and further
serving to dispose the bit to its coded position, the last named
means including a detent movable conjointly with positioning of
said bit, means insertable into the path of said detent to arrest
same for positioning the bit in relation thereto, and means for
moving the detent to be so arrested thereby setting the bit with
respect to the position at which said detent is arrested.
6. In a system for selectively setting the bits of a key according
to claim 5 wherein the last named means further comprises first and
second counter-moving friction drive means, the drive friction of
the first being greater than the second so as to allow the first to
overdrive the second, and wherein said means engaging opposite
sides of the bit comprises oppositely driven elements each formed
with a bit-engaging surface portion, said first and second drive
means being respectively coupled to drive respective ones of said
oppositely driven elements whereby notwithstanding mutual
engagement with opposite surfaces of said bit the first friction
drive means serves to reverse the movement of the other so as to
move the bit positively until arrested by said insertable means
cooperating with said detent.
7. In a key setting mechanism having counterrotating elements with
portions respectively engaging opposite sides of a key bit, and one
of said elements carrying a detent for cooperation with means
insertable into the path of movement of the detent to arrest same,
a drive arrangement comprising first and second counter-rotating
friction driven gears for respectively engaging and driving first
and second ones of the counter-rotating elements to carry their
respective said portions into engagement with opposite sides of a
key bit common to each, the friction in the drive connection for
driving said first gear being greater than for said second gear
whereby after both said portions engage a bit common to each, said
first gear can overpower the second gear to carry the bit
therebetween until arrested by said detent engaging said insertable
means.
8. For setting the movable bits of a key to a selected combination
of positions thereof a plurality of discrete bit-positioning means,
individually operable, for respectively engaging and moving related
ones of said bits a setting element carried by each of said
bit-positioning means to move therewith, a substrate-receiving zone
adjacent the paths of movement of said elements adapted to receive
a substrate therein provided with portions at coded positions
thereof unique to a given lock to be operated by the key and for
engaging an element to arrest movement of its related
bit-positioning means thereby arresting the bit-positioning means
at a position related to the position of said portion.
9. For use with a system for selectively coding a key to correspond
to the code of any one of a plurality of differently coded locks, a
universal key assembly for operating a number of differently coded
locks comprising at one end an elongated shank or stem, a plurality
of bit elements mounted at spaced intervals along the stem and
having radially outwardly extending bit portions movable variously
through an arc about said shank, and means for selectively locking
or releasing said bits in their respective relative arcuate
positions.
10. For use with a system for selectively coding a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a plurality of differently
coded locks, a universal key assembly according to Claim 9 wherein
the last named means comprises a bow element at the other end of
the key assembly pivotable between advanced and retracted positions
about an axis transversely of the axis of said shank, a cam element
carried by the bow and serving in one of said positions to
frictionally engage and compress said bit elements into compacted
relation and in the other position to release said bit elements for
movement about said shank.
11. For use with a system for selectively coding a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a plurality of differently
coded locks, a universal key assembly according to claim 9 further
including a movable collar carried by said shank for movement
through said arc, and an arcuate ward formed upon said collar and
adapted to require alignment of said ward with said bits in order
to be releasable from a lock operated by said key.
12. A system as in claim 4 wherein said coding means includes a
coding element having portions to be sensed by said setting means
to set the key bits in response thereto.
13. In a system for selectively setting the bits of a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a number of differently coded
locks so as to be adapted to be selectively set to operate a given
one of said locks, a translating device for setting the bits of a
key comprising a plurality of bit- setting assemblies associated
respectively with the key bits to be set to coded positions, each
said assembly including means serving to engage a bit element
carried by a key shank and further serving to dispose the bit to
its coded position, the last named means including a portion
movable conjointly with positioning of said bit, and coding means
for disposing said portion at a predetermined coded position for
positioning the bit in relation thereto.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to a settable key and coding mechanism for
setting the key to operate any one of a number of differently coded
locks.
Heretofore, where a service man has been required to service a
number of vending machines, or the like, he has been required to
carry a large number of keys with each one being unique to a given
vending machine.
In general this requirement has led to a somewhat cumbersome
operation in handling keys for any extended route or extended
number of machines required to be serviced.
For various reasons the use of a single master key common to the
coding characteristics of a large number of locks has not been
satisfactory in this and various other applications.
Accordingly, there has been a need for the provision of a single
key settable to various differently coded conditions for operating
any one of a number of variously coded locks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND OBJECTS
In general it is an object of the present invention to provide an
improved key for operating a number of variously coded locks.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an
improved coding mechanism for selectively coding a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a plurality of differently
coded locks so as to selectively operate a given one of the
locks.
The foregoing and other objects will become more readily apparent
from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment
having in mind the following general description.
A system has been provided for selectively coding a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a plurality of differently
coded locks so as to operate a given one of the locks. The system
includes key means having bits settable variously to a number of
coded arrangements thereof. A punched hole accounting card or other
perforated substrate carrying openings therein defining the code
for a given one of the locks to be operated is utilized and setting
means for receiving the substrate and key have been provided
together with means serving to set the key bits in response to the
openings of the card.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a key of a type to be
selectively set to correspond to the code of any one of a plurality
of differently coded locks and further showing a mechanism for
setting the key to a given one of the locks;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation in section taken along the line 2--2 of
FIG. 1;
FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C are elevation sections in enlarged detail taken
along the lines 2A--2A, 2B--2B, and 2C--2C respectively of FIG.
2;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the key coding mechanism
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective diagrammatic view for illustrating the
operation of a portion of the key coding mechanism shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 5 is a side elevation center line section view taken along the
line 5--5 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5a is a detail section view of FIG. 5 taken along the line
5a--5a of FIG. 5;
FIG. 5b is a detailed view of the lid of the mechanism shown in
FIG. 5 taken along the lines 5b--5b;
FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 are all section views taken along the lines 6--6
of FIG. 5 and showing a portion of the setting mechanism in
successive stages of movement.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the system disclosed herein for selectively coding a key to
correspond to the code of any one of a plurality of differently
coded locks, a universal key assembly 10 comprises at one end an
elongated shank or stem portion 11 consisting of a plurality of bit
elements 12 each mounted to rotate through a limited arc at spaced
intervals along the stem and having radially outwardly extending
portions 12a. In addition, means are provided which are operable
from the other end of the key assembly 10 for selectively locking
or releasing the bits 12 in their respective relative arcuate
positions.
More particularly each bit element 12 further includes a radially
inwardly projecting tab 12b disposed to limit the arcuate movement
of element 12 about shank 11 as tab 12b rides in a longitudinally
extending groove 14 formed along shank 11.
Bit elements 12 are disposed at spaced intervals along shank 11 by
means of spacers 16 of generally annular configuration carried
about shank 11 and locked from rotating on shank 11 by engagement
of a radially inwardly protruding portion 16a (FIG. 2B) arcuately
filling the arc 13 of slot 14. At its left end 17 (as shown in FIG.
2) shank 11 is enlarged to provide an end limit to longitudinal
movement of bits 12 and spacers 16. A cut chord across
approximately the top quarter of end portion 17 provides a
registration flat 17a adapted to enter opening 69a (FIG. 3) when
registered with a corresponding flat 69b formed therein.
In this manner the two flats 17a, 69b hold shank 11 from turning
when the key assembly 10 is inserted within the setting mechanism
32.
The other end of shank 11 is formed to include a generally square
shaped fixed head 18, shown best in FIG. 1, with one corner of its
squared configuration rounded off, as at 18a. The bow 19 is
pivotally supported by a pin 21 which extends through both sides of
the yoke 22. The ends of yoke 22 are rounded in an eccentric manner
to form surfaces to operate as a cam element carried by the bow and
serving in the position shown in FIG. 2 to frictionally engage and
compress the bit elements 12 into compacted relation and when moved
in the direction of arrow 23 to release the bit elements for
movement about shank 11.
Accordingly, a washer 24 is disposed about shank 11 between the cam
surfaces of yoke 22 and a generally annular collar 26 rotatable
through arc 13 (FIG. 2C) of the key assembly. Collar 26 encircles
shank 11 and extends longitudinally therealong, including a
rotational stop element 27 and a ward 28 suitable for use in
conjunction with that type of lock disclosed in copending
application, Ser. No. 37 filed Jan. 2, 1970 and entitled Lock
Construction, assigned to the assignee herein.
When used in conjunction with the above identified lock
construction, collar 28 supplies the added security feature that
the key can be removed from the lock only after having scrambled
the lock's tumblers. Thus, collar 26 serves to prevent the key
assembly 10 from being withdrawn from the lock without (a) first
having released the bow 19 in the direction of arrow 23 (thereby
releasing the bit elements 12) and, (b) in addition, having turned
the key in the lock to its limit of rotation in a direction
opposite to the unlocking rotation. The reverse rotation of the key
(shank 11) is required to continue until an interior dog portion
26a (FIG. 2C) has been carried by the driving side of groove 14 to
the point where stop element 27 engages a fixed limiting portion of
the lock.
During this reverse rotation of the key all bits 12 are reversely
rotated by engagement of their tabs 12b with a common driving side
of groove 14 and this movement serves to rotate the tumblers of the
lock by engagement between bit portions 12a and a radial extension
of the tumblers into the keyhole portion of the lock.
At the limiting position of reverse rotation an edge of all bit
portions 12a will be aligned with an edge of ward 28 and ward 28
aligned with an arcuate portion of the keyhole of the lock whereby
the key may be withdrawn from the keyhole of the lock with all bits
12 aligned.
At this position, the interior of the lock's tumblers will expose
only an aligned group of radial extensions. However, the unseen
operative tumbler portions will have been scrambled to various
positions thereby preventing compromise of the lock's code.
Thus, collar 26 is retained within the lock until ward 28 is
aligned to be removed. At no other time can the key be removed, and
at this position of alignment the lock's tumblers will necessarily
have had to be scrambled.
The undersurface of collar 26 includes a flat 25 formed to
incorporate a small dimple 29 adapted to receive a spring urged
ball detent 31 (FIG. 5) whereby positive seating and registration
of key assembly 10 within a translating or key setting mechanism 32
can be insured.
As thus arranged bow 19 of key assembly 10 is movable between
advanced and retracted positions about an axis transversely of the
axis of shank 11 in order to lock or release the bit elements 12 in
their respective relative arcuate positions as set by translating
mechanism 32. In the position shown in FIG. 2 key assembly 10 is
arranged whereby the cam surfaces of yoke 22 bear solidly against
washer 24 and serve to draw the end cap 17 and shank 11 to the
right (as shown in FIG. 2) thereby compressing the bit elements 12
and spacers 16 so as to hold bit elements 12, collar 26, and shank
11 all in fixed positions relative to one another. The rounded
corner 18a of the right hand end of head 18 accommodates the
arcuate travel of bow 19.
Thus by simply employing the cam element function of yoke 22
operated by bow 19 the bit elements will be frictionally engaged
between spacers 16 and retained in any arcuate condition set by
mechanism 32, the spacers being non-rotatable on shank 11 by virtue
of tabs 16a (see FIG. 2B) engaging groove 14.
In general, for setting the movable bit elements 12 of key assembly
10 to a selected combination of positions thereof there has been
provided the mechanism 32 including a plurality of discrete bit
positioning means individually operable for respectively engaging
and moving related ones of the bits. Bit position sensing elements,
such as detents are carried by each of the bit positioning means so
as to move therewith while a receiving zone adjacent to the path of
movement of the detents, is adapted to receive a coding element,
such as a flexible card or substrate therein provided with coded
portions, such as the openings 36 therethrough unique to a given
lock to be operated by the variable key. The openings each receive
a detent therethrough to arrest movement of its related bit
positioning means thereby arresting the bit positioning means at a
position related to the position of the card opening.
In general, key assembly 10 in its unlocked condition is inserted
into setting mechanism 32 whereby upon insertion of the coding
element, such as the punched hole accounting card 34 prepared with
openings 36, (or other coded substrate) the rotation of crank 33
will serve to position each of the bit elements 12 to positions
respectively related to the card openings.
Thus, with particular reference to FIG. 3, there has been shown one
of a number of bit-setting assemblies 37 in exploded form in the
upper right hand portion of the figure while the remaining bit
setting assemblies 37 are assembled in the lower left corner of the
figure. The operation and construction of each of the bit-setting
assemblies is substantially the same and, accordingly, only one
such assembly 37 shall be explained herein.
Briefly, in general, each of the assemblies 37 includes means which
serves to engage the opposite sides of the bit portion 12a
projecting radially outwardly of shank 11 and further serves to
move the bit to its coded position. In order to accomplish the last
named function, a resilient detent 38 moves about the axis of the
key shank 11 conjointly with positioning of the bit 12 associated
therewith. Means, such as the punched hole accounting card 34, are
arranged to be insertable into the path of detents 38 to arrest
them at various positions for positioning the bits 12 associated
therewith at their assigned positions with respect to the location
of the openings in the punched hole accounting card.
Further, means such as the crank 33 operating through a gear train
to be described further below serves to move the detents 38 until
they are arrested by penetration of one of the openings 36 in the
accounting card 34 so as to halt the further movement of the bit
element being positioned at that time.
With the above general understanding a detailed description of the
arrangement shown in the upper portion of FIG. 3 can be readily
understood.
Briefly, a front face plate 39 carries a pair of Babbitt bearing
assemblies 41 recessed into its rear wall and is further formed to
include a conically dished face portion 39a which carries, at its
central axis, a generally cylindrical key receiver 42 formed with a
registration surface 43 serving to register with the flat 25 of
collar 26. In addition ball detent 31 is urged upwardly by a spring
44 causing ball detent 31 to engage the dimple 29 formed in flat
25. Simultaneously, upon seating of detent 31 the flat 17a
registers with flat 69b.
When ball detent 31 has firmly engaged dimple 29 the key will be
properly inserted and registered within the receiver 42 whereby
each radially protruding bit portion 12a is flanked
circumferentially on opposite sides by positioning surfaces 46, 47
respectively of spiders 48, 49.
In operation, spiders 48, 49 are arranged to be counter-rotated
whereby one of the surfaces 46 will contact a bit portion 12a on
one side while one of the surfaces 47 will contact the bit portion
12a on its opposite side. Surfaces 46, 47 commence movement
simultaneously from mutually retracted positions so that (depending
upon the initial radial orientation of any given bit portion 12a )
contact with the bit portion 12a can be first made by either
surface 46 or 47, i.e. by a setting disk spider 48 or a follower
disk spider 49.
As explainable by reference to FIG. 6, if bit portion 12a extends
to the left of center surface 46 will strike it first and commence
a setting movement of bit element 12 until detent 38 enters one of
the openings 36 of card 34 to be engaged by a stop opening 99
formed in lid 93. In the event that surface 47 engages with bit
portion 12a before detent 38 finds its opening 36, spider 49 will
be reversed by the overpowering action of the rotational forces
applied to rotate spider 48 by means as described further
below.
Where bit portion 12a extends to the right of center, surface 47
will strike it first and carry the bit leftward (as shown) until
mutual engagement is made with the overpowering setting surface 46,
or until detent 38 finds its associated opening 36.
Thus, it is readily apparent that bit portions 12a are positively
engaged on both sides and in this way a bit will be carried
positively and firmly until detent 38, associated with spider 48
finds an opening in card 34, whereupon engagement of detent 38 will
arrest further movement of both spiders 48, and 49 when the bit
element 12 is mutually engaged therebetween. Subsequently, in order
to remove the key assembly 10 from the setting mechanism 32, the
key bits are first locked in position by movement of the key bow 19
moved in a direction reverse to that of arrow 23. Crank 33 is then
reversely rotated and this serves to retract the contacting
surfaces 46, 47 from continuous engagement with the sides of bit
portion 12a so that the key assembly 10 can be withdrawn from the
mechanism.
Accordingly, a bit setting assembly 37 as shown in FIG. 3 includes
a setting disk 51 formed with an axially protruding lip 52
interrupted at five radial positions to provide notches 53 adapted
to receive the ends or feet 54 of spider 48.
The central portion of spider 48 is formed to include the keyhole
shaped opening 56 to receive bit elements 12 therethrough. Setting
disk 51 has been provided with gear teeth 57 for rotating disk 51
as described further below. The outer periphery of disk 51 nests
within the inner edge of a body element 58 open at its upper
periphery throughout an arc 59 to accommodate circumferential
movement of detent 38 between the bounding limits of the upper ends
of element 58.
The interrupted annular lip 52 of disk 51 is journalled within the
central opening of a thin metallic spacer 61 adapted to accommodate
entry and movement of spider 48 therein while supporting disk 51.
Another body element 58' embraces a follower disk 62 in the same
manner and is also formed with teeth 63 for rotating disk 62 and
its associated spider 49 in an opposite direction to the direction
of rotation of spider 48. Spider 49, is similarly carried by disk
62 by means of notches comparable to notches 53 of disk 51 and
journalled for rotation by a lip 65 riding within the central
opening of another spacer 61'.
Alignment rods 64 extend from the front face plate 39 rearwardly
through the alignment openings 66 formed in each of the body
elements 58 and spacers 61 and ultimately through alignment
openings 67 and 68 respectively formed in a rear body section 69
and rear retaining plate 71. Bolts 70 then can be threaded into
holes 80 of face plate 39 to hold the parts together.
Means for counter-rotating the setting disks 51 and follower disks
62 comprises a drive arrangement generally comprising two sets or
stacks 72, 73 of counter-rotating friction drive gears whereby the
gears of one set engage and drive the setting disks 51 and the
gears of the other set engage and drive the follower disks 62. In
this manner the positioning surfaces 46, 47 of spiders 48, 49
respectively are counter rotated into position against opposite
sides of a bit portion 12a.
The two sets of counter-rotating gear assemblies are shown in the
lower portion of FIG. 3 at 72 and 73, with one of the gear
assemblies exploded therefrom for purposes of explanation.
Thus each set 72, 73 is supported for rotation by a spindle 74, 75.
At the right hand or rear end of each set 72, 73 a main drive gear
76, 77 has been keyed to its respective spindle 74 or 75. Gears 76,
77 are disposed to be in mesh with each other whereby they will
produce counter-rotating movement of spindles 74, 75. These gears
are driven through a gear train by means of the pinion gear 78
rotated directly by crank 33 and in mesh with a reduction gear 79
formed with a crescent shaped opening 81 cut into one face and into
which the tip end of a stop screw 82 (FIG. 5) can enter to limit
the degree of rotation which can be applied via crank 33.
Gear 79 meshes with gear 76 in order to drive the set of gears 72,
and gear 76 meshes with gear 77 in order to drive the set of gears
73.
Inasmuch as both sets 72, 73 of friction gears are assembled in the
same manner only one will be disclosed as shown in FIG. 3. Thus, a
spacer washer 83 is formed with a lip 84 for entering the circular
opening formed within a wave washer 86 interposed between washer 83
and the flat side of friction gear 87. A shaft nut 88 and a lock
nut 89 are both threaded onto the end of spindle 75 and secured in
position by tightening nut 89 against nut 88.
The opposite ends of spindles 74, 75 are journaled in bearings 41
and in bushings 91. It is to be understood that the gears 87 in the
friction stack comprising the set 72 are offset with respect to the
plane of the friction gears 87 in the set of gear 73 so that these
two sets of gears 72 73 do not themselves mesh.
Briefly, and as will be more fully explained below, as crank 33 is
rotated pinion 78 rotates in the same direction. Gear 79 rotates in
an opposite position driving the main drive gear 76 meshed with
main drive gear 77. Accordingly the friction gears 87 of each of
the two stacks 72, 73 rotate in an opposite direction for
respectively moving their associated setting or following disks 51,
62 in mutually opposite directions. Ultimately, however, detent 38
will engage an opening of the inserted accounting card 34 thereby
arresting further movement of setting disk 31. In the event that
the follower disk has not yet caused its positioning surface 47 of
its associated spider 49 to engage the bit portion 12a, follower
disk 62 will continue to be driven until such contact is made.
Whenever detent 38 arrests further movement of disk 51, or whenever
follower disk 62 is arrested by contact of surface 47 with bit
portion 12a and the bit portion 12a is then being held, the
friction gears 87 will skid relative to wave washers 86 and the
relative friction between the wave washers of one set 72 and the
other set 73 must be such that the friction gears 87 of set 72 will
overpower and reverse the rotation of the follower disks 62 and
their associated friction gears 87 in set 73.
Briefly, then, it can be stated that notwithstanding prior mutual
engagement of opposite surfaces of the bit portion 12a of a given
bit element 12 a first friction drive means can serve to reverse
the movement of the other friction drive means so as to move the
bit positively until arrested by an insertable means such as the
accounting card 34 cooperating with a detent 38, the openings 36 of
which permit detent 38 to engage one of the registration stops
99.
The perforated substrate or accounting card 34 is insertable into
the path of the various detents 38 by providing a slot 92 (FIG. 5)
between a pivotally supported lid or cover assembly 93 which is
normally locked closed by means of a screw 94. Normally the cover
assembly 93 is retained in this manner at a spaced distance from
the upper rounded portion of face plate 39 and bit setting
assemblies 37 so that the accounting card 34 can be inserted into
the left-hand edge of the slot 92 (as shown in FIG. 1). As card 34
is inserted the detents 38 are normally retracted by crank 33 to
the position 38' shown in phantom lines in FIG. 6 whereby their
tips are disposed beneath an overhanging protective edge margine
40. The inserted leading edge 96 is disposed in registration with
the aligned edges 97 of body elements 58, 58', aligned with
registration surfaces 97' (of face plate 39), and of 97" (of rear
body section 69). The edge 96a of card 34 is disposed in register
with a registration edge 95 (FIG. 5) formed as a shoulder depending
from lid 93.
The underneath surface of lid assembly 93 has been formed with a
matrix of guide rails 98 serving to smoothly engage the entering
edge 96 of card 34. In addition, the matrix formed on the underside
of lid assembly 93 includes a rectilinear matrix of stops 99 spaced
at intervals corresponding to the spacing between adjacent holes
formed in the columns of the accounting card so that each stop 99
represents a given radial bit position of detent 38.
As noted above, the stops 99 further serve to provide the
restraining force cooperating with any given detent which has
penetrated one of the openings 36 in the accounting card 34.
From the foregoing it will be readily evident that there has been
provided an improved system and key for utilizing a single
universal key and means for setting the key to cooperate with any
one of a number of differently coded locks to be operated.
Accordingly, when a route man starts to make his rounds of a number
of machines to be serviced the accounting cards can be previously
sorted and arranged in a predetermined order to provide the most
efficient routing of the service man from one machine to the next
so that as each machine is reached the top card of the pile can be
utilized to set the bits of the key for operating the lock located
at that particular location.
In operation, and referring to FIGS. 4 through 8 it can be seen
that the card 34 has been inserted in the setting mechanism 32 as
shown in FIG. 6 whereby the friction driven gears of set 73 serve
to rotate the follower disks 62 in a counterclockwise direction.
The gears of set 72 serve to drive the setting disks 51 in a
clockwise direction carrying detent 38 (now in its retracted
position due to the pressure of card 34 acting upon the outward tip
thereof).
In FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 schematic representations have been provided
(eliminating the provision of the spiders 48, 49). Thus, as shown
at the central portion in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 the bit element 12,
(being located at a substantially vertically oriented position as
shown in the drawing) will be contacted substantially
simultaneously by the positioning surfaces 46, 47 respectively of
the setting disks 51 and the follower disks 62. This condition is
shown in FIG. 7. The opening 36', however, is disposed slightly to
the right of the vertical position for bit 12 and accordingly
setting disk 51 continues its movement by overpowering the friction
resistance in the drive train for follower disk 62 so that, as
indicated in FIG. 8 by the reversing arrow 101, disk 62 will be
reversed and ultimately detent 38 will engage opening 36' and
thereby arrest further rotational movement of bit 12
notwithstanding continued driving of the stacks of friction gears
72, 73.
In the event that opening 36' had been located to the left of the
vertical center line in FIGS. 6 through 8 it is apparent that
detent 38 would have been arrested prior to the reversal of
follower disk 62. In this instance follower disk 62 merely
continues to progress counterclockwise until its positioning
surface 47 engages the flat side of bit 12 thereby insuring that
bit 12 has been positively positioned to a given radial location
prior to locking and removing the key from the setting
mechanism.
In order to release the key from the setting mechanism it is first
desirable to move the bow 19 of lock assembly 10 to the position
shown in FIG. 2 whereby all bits will be firmly secured in place.
Then crank 33 is reversed so as to reverse both the setting and
follower disks 51, 62 respectively. This reverse driving of the
setting and follower disk serves merely to retract their respective
positioning surfaces 46, 47 thereby making it possible to withdraw
key assembly 10 from mechanism 32. It further serves to retract
detents 38 to the position 38' (FIG. 6) where they will be clear of
the slot 92 (FIG. 5) when a card 34 is to be inserted.
* * * * *