U.S. patent number 3,667,475 [Application Number 05/141,940] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-06 for endo-tracheal tube adaptors for use in administering gases.
This patent grant is currently assigned to National Equipment Research Inc.. Invention is credited to Foy L. Brigman, Fred W. Venturelli.
United States Patent |
3,667,475 |
Venturelli , et al. |
June 6, 1972 |
ENDO-TRACHEAL TUBE ADAPTORS FOR USE IN ADMINISTERING GASES
Abstract
An endo-tracheal tube adaptor including an inexpensive, light
weight, transparent open-bottom housing, there being a flexible
elastic diaphragm removably stretched over said housing bottom
having an expandable opening through which the ends of
endo-tracheal tubes of various diameters can be projected to couple
the same to a gas supply line connected to said adaptor, the
transparency of said housing enabling an attendant to detect an
accumulation of phlegm or other foreign matter therein, and the
detachable nature of said diaphragm permitting said foreign matter
to be readily removed from the housing.
Inventors: |
Venturelli; Fred W. (Racine,
WI), Brigman; Foy L. (Racine, WI) |
Assignee: |
National Equipment Research
Inc. (Racine, WI)
|
Family
ID: |
22497898 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/141,940 |
Filed: |
May 10, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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499272 |
Oct 21, 1965 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
128/207.14;
285/225; 285/93 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
16/0463 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
16/04 (20060101); A61m 016/00 (); F16l
027/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/351
;285/93,225 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pace; Channing L.
Parent Case Text
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a Continuation-in-Part of our application Ser.
No. 499,272, filed Oct. 21, 1965, now abandoned.
Claims
We claim
1. An endo-tracheal tube adaptor comprising,
a housing formed of a sufficiently transparent material to provide
for visual inspection of the interior thereof, said housing having
a top wall, a side wall and an open bottom,
an annular flange projecting radially outwardly from said side wall
at said bottom,
means on the housing for connecting the housing to a gas supply
conduit,
and a diaphragm removably mounted on the bottom of said housing and
being formed of a flexible elastic material, said diaphragm having
an axially extending peripheral flange adapted to be stretched over
and sealingly engaged on said housing annular flange,
a central opening in said diaphragm through which the end of an
endo-tracheal tube can be inserted to couple said tube to the gas
conduit, said diaphragm opening being adapted to be stretched to
accommodate and sealingly engage tubes of various sizes.
2. The endo-tracheal tube adaptor according to claim 1 including an
entegral collar said opening, said collar being adapted to
sealingly engage an endo-tracheal tube.
3. The endo-tracheal tube adaptor according to claim 1 including a
plurality of ribs formed on the inner surface of said top wall to
prevent closing of the endo-tracheal tube on engagement with said
top wall.
4. The endo-tracheal tube adaptor according to claim 1 wherein said
side wall is frusto-conical.
5. The endo-tracheal tube adaptor according to claim 1 wherein said
housing is formed of a rigid plastic material.
6. An endo-tracheal tube adaptor comprising,
a transparent housing having a top wall, a side wall and an open
bottom,
means on said housing for connecting said housing to a gas supply
conduit,
a flexible elastic diaphragm removably mounted on said bottom end
of the side wall to form a chamber in said housing,
said diaphragm including means for sealingly engaging the outer
periphery of the bottom end of said side wall, and an opening for
receiving an endo-tracheal tube,
and a collar about said opening for sealingly engaging said
tube.
7. The adaptor according to claim 6 wherein said housing has a
frusto-conical configuration and a flange around the outer
periphery of the bottom end of said side wall to provide a seal on
engagement with said sealing means on said diaphragm.
8. The adaptor according to claim 6 wherein said housing is formed
from a rigid plastic and said side wall has a frusto-conical
configuration.
9. The adaptor according to claim 6 including a number of ribs on
the inner surface of said housing to prevent closing of the
endo-tracheal tube on engagement with the top wall.
10. The endo-tracheal tube adaptor according to claim 9 wherein
said top wall and said diaphragm are parallel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the medical equipment field, and
more particularly to a novel and improved endo-tracheal tube
connecting device for use in the administering of anesthetic gases
or oxygen to patients.
2. Description of the Prior Art
So-called endo-tracheal tube adaptors are intended to provide a
safe, practical means for connecting the flexible hose, or
so-called endo-tracheal tube, which is inserted down the patient's
throat to an anesthetic gas or oxygen supply pipe. Conventional
endo-tracheal tube adaptors are rigid, elbow-type devices formed of
stainless steel, and in addition to being expensive, a large number
of adaptors of various sizes must be kept available in order to
accommodate endo-tracheal tubes of differing sizes, depending upon
the size requirement of the particular patient. More importantly,
the connection provided by said rigid adaptors is such that the
flexible endo-tracheal tube is liable to be bent or kinked if the
patient moves his head, thus cutting off the vital supply of gas.
Moreover, such metal adaptors are non-transparent, of course, and
with such devices it is impossible for the doctor to determine when
an accumulation of phlegm or other foreign matter is present in the
adaptor. Such accumulated foreign matter can quickly clog the
adaptor or tube and result in an extremely dangerous or even fatal
situation.
In order to provide a signal-sized adaptor designed to accommodate
endo-tracheal tubes of various diameters, as well as to eliminate
the danger of the tube being bent or kinked in the adaptor and
thereby cutting off the gas supply to the patient, improved
endo-tracheal tube adaptors have recently been developed wherein
the adaptor includes a flexible, stretchable diaphragm through
which the end of the rubber tube is inserted. By this means it is
possible to accommodate tubes of various diameters, and, in
addition, there is provided a flexible coupling which minimizes the
possibility of the tube inadvertently kinking or bending to a
degree preventing the passage of gas therethrough. Such improved
adaptors are an important advancement in the art. Unfortunately,
however, even with said newer adaptors it is impossible for the
doctor or attendant to see when phlegm or other matter accumulates
in the adaptor, nor is it possible to quickly open the adaptor and
clean out such foreign matter before it can clog the line.
Examples of prior, conventional tube-connecting or adapting devices
are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,693,182; 3,139,088; 2,669,988;
2,857,911; 2,493,577; 2,273,837; 2,912,982; 470,531; 2,587,784;
3,236,236; and 1,597,635. An improved endo-tracheal tube adaptor of
the newer type utilizing a flexible diaphragm is disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,388,705.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a new and improved tube coupling
device or adaptor of the general type used to connect an anesthetic
gas or oxygen supply line to a so-called endo-tracheal tube which
is inserted through the mouth and down a patient's throat. More
specifically, the invention comprises a transparent housing having
an open bottom and having a hollow arm formed on and projecting
laterally outwardly from the housing side to which the end of a gas
supply conduit can be secured. A flexible elastic diaphragm is
detachably stretched over the open bottom of said adaptor housing,
and formed in the center of said diaphragm is an aperture through
which the end of an endo-tracheal tube can be inserted to couple
the same to said gas supply conduit, said diaphragm aperture being
expandable to accommodate and sealingly engage endo-tracheal tubes
of various sizes. Unlike prior endo-tracheal tube adaptors, the
transparency of the housing in the present invention permits a
doctor or attendant to immediately detect a dangerous accumulation
of phlegm or the like in the adaptor, and in such event the
diaphragm can be quickly and easily detached and the phlegm or
other foreign matter removed before it can impede the vital supply
of gas.
A further object of the invention is to provide a novel
endo-tracheal tube adaptor which can be quickly and easily opened
to permit phlegm or other matter to be cleaned therefrom, as
described, and wherein the adaptor housing is of a frusto-conical
shape especially designed to speed and facilitate the removal of
such foreign matter.
A further object of the invention is to provide an endo-tracheal
tube adaptor characterized by an improved design which minimizes
the possibility of the tube being bent or kinked while in use.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and
improved endo-tracheal tube adaptor having special rib means formed
integrally thereon to prevent the tube end from abutting against
the housing top surface and closing off the gas supply.
A further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved
endo-tracheal tube adaptor which is formed of relatively
inexpensive plastic and rubber materials, thus permitting its
manufacture for a fraction of the cost of conventional stainless
steel tube adaptors, and which inexpensive adaptor can be
economically discarded after one use, in contrast to the prior
devices which are tediously cleaned and sanitized for reuse.
A further object is to provide an improved adaptor which is
substantially lighter in weight than conventional endo-tracheal
tube adaptors, thereby promoting the comfort and ease of use of
said device.
A further important object of the present invention is to provide a
novel disposable tube adaptor which will accommodate endo-tracheal
tubes of various diameters, in contrast to conventional stainless
steel adaptors which must be specially made for each different size
tube.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved
tube adaptor which permits the faster, more efficient coupling of
the endo-tracheal tube to the gas supply line, which time-saving
can be of critical importance in emergency operations.
Still further objects of the present invention are to provide a
novel and improved endo-tracheal tube adaptor which is completely
reliable and dependable in use, which is durable, and which novel
adaptor is otherwise particularly well suited for its intended
purposes.
With the above and other objects in view, which other objects and
advantages of the present invention will become apparent
hereinafter, the present invention comprises the improved
endo-tracheal tube adaptor described in the following specification
and also any and all modifications or variations thereof as may
come within the spirit of said invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the accompanying drawing, illustrating one preferred embodiment
of the invention, and wherein the same reference numerals designate
the same parts in all of the views:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the improved
endo-tracheal tube adaptor;
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the adaptor, and
showing the end of an endo-tracheal tube in its normal operative
position therein; and
FIG. 3 is a similar vertical sectional view through the adaptor
showing the endo-tracheal tube and diaphragm deflected from their
normal position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now more particularly to the drawing, the novel
endo-tracheal tube adaptor comprising the present invention
includes a frusto-conical housing member 10 which is formed of a
rigid, transparent material, such as acrylic plastic or other
comparable inexpensive plastic material. Said housing includes a
flat top 12, a sloping annular wall 13, and an annular flange or
rim 14 which projects radially outwardly a short distance from the
base end of said housing, the bottom of said plastic housing member
being open. Formed on the undersurface of the housing top 12 are a
plurality of spaced, parallel protrusions or ribs 15, the function
of which will be hereinafter seen, and formed integrally on and
projecting outwardly from the annular housing wall 13 is a hollow
cylindrical arm 16 communicating with the housing interior, said
arm having an open outer end adapted to be connected to the conduit
from a gas supply tank or cylinder. Unlike some prior adaptor
units, the housing 10 in the present invention, including the
laterally projecting arm 16, can be molded in a single piece, which
substantially promotes economy in the manufacturing operation.
Removably mounted in covering relationship on the bottom of the
housing 10 is a circular diaphragm 18 formed of an elastic and
resilient material, such as thin surgical gum rubber or the like.
Said diaphragm has a circular opening or aperture 19 centered
therein, and surrounding said aperture and projecting upwardly a
short distance above the surface of said diaphragm is an integral
collar 20, said diaphragm being completely devoid of metal
reinforcing rings or the like such as are required on some other
diaphragm-type adaptors and which adds to the manufacturing cost.
In the illustrated form of the invention said diaphragm is provided
with a peripheral flange 21 which extends upwardly at a right angle
and then radially inwardly parallel to the plane of said member, as
shown.
In the assembly of the novel endo-tracheal tube adaptor comprising
the present invention the resilient rubber diaphragm 18 is
stretched over the open bottom of the plastic housing 10 with the
peripheral flange 21 thereon positioned over the annular housing
rim 14, the resiliency and elasticity of said rubber diaphragm
causing said diaphragm flanged portion to fit snugly over said
housing rim in leakproof engagement therewith.
In the use of the adaptor the gas supply conduit (not shown)
leading from the supply cylinder or other source is mounted on the
outer end of the housing arm 16, in a conventional manner, and the
end of the rubber endo-tracheal tube 23 (FIG. 2) is manually urged
through the somewhat smaller aperture 19 and integral collar 20
centered in the adaptor diaphragm 18, said resilient diaphragm
stretching and said aperture expanding to permit said tube to be
forcibly pushed therethrough, and said tube normally assuming a
generally perpendicular position relative to the plane of said
diaphragm, as shown in FIG. 2. Thus communication is provided
between the gas supply line and said endo-tracheal tube 23 through
the housing 10. When the tube 23 has been inserted into the
patient's trachea the anesthesia or other gas may be
administered.
Because of the elastic, resilient nature of the diaphragm 18
utilized in the present invention the peripheral flange 21 thereon
is designed to sealingly engage the housing rim 14, as described,
and the collar 20 through which the endo-tracheal tube 23 is
inserted is adapted to sealingly engage around said tube, thus
ensuring a leakproof assembly. The insertion of said tube through
the diaphragm opening 19 can be accomplished more quickly than the
coupling method employed in conventional elbow-type tube adaptors,
which time-saving is important in many situations. In addition, and
unlike conventional endo-tracheal tube adaptors of the elbow-type,
with the present flexible coupling even if the patient moves or
turns his head the diaphragm 18 will flex so that the tube will not
be kinked or bent sufficiently to cut off or reduce the vital gas
supply, as shown in FIG. 3.
Because the adaptor housing 10 characterizing the present invention
is preferably formed of a clear acrylic plastic, or other clear
material, the anesthestist can see how far the end of the
endo-tracheal tube is inserted within said housing, thus ensuring a
suitable connection. Moreover, and of the utmost importance, due to
the clear, transparent nature of said housing the anesthestist can
continuously view the same and immediately detect a dangerous
accumulation of phlegm or other foreign matter therein. In the
event of such an accumulation the attendant can quickly and easily
snap the stretchable diaphragm off of the housing bottom, remove
said foreign matter, and replace the diaphragm, which can be
accomplished in a matter of a few seconds and without endangering
the patient. Thus the dangerous and sometimes fatal possibility of
the tube becoming clogged or rendered inoperative by accumulated
phlegm or the like is eliminated. In addition to the quick
removability of the diaphragm 18, the novel frusto-conical shape of
the housing 10 in the present invention also enhances the purging
of phlegm or the like therefrom, the smooth, inclined wall of said
housing causing continuous sliding movement of said accumulating
foreign substances and preventing the same from adhering tightly
thereto, thereby facilitating and speeding the cleaning out of said
housing.
The spaced, parallel ribs 15 formed on the underside of the housing
top 12 in the present invention are designed to prevent the
endo-tracheal tube 23 from being pushed upwardly to a position flat
against the top 12 of the housing, where the gas flow into said
tube might be impaired. Further, and unlike some prior adaptors
wherein the housing is curved and wherein if the tube is inserted
too far it can bend or kink as it follows said curvature, in the
present unit the housing top is flat and is arranged parallel to
the normal plane of the bottom diaphragm 18, thus ensuring that the
tube will merely abut against said flat, ribbed top surface and
will not be curved or deflected even if it is inserted too far into
the housing.
As hereinabove mentioned, due to the inexpensive construction of
the present adaptor it can be economically discarded after one use,
thereby providing a disposable endo-tracheal tube adaptor which
eliminates the necessity for tediously cleaning and sanitizing the
same for reuse, as is required with the relatively expensive
conventional stainless steel adaptors. Moreover, in contrast to
said prior, stainless steel adaptors, the stretchable nature of the
diaphragm opening 19 permits the use of the present device with
endo-tracheal tubes of various sizes. The result is that with the
present invention it is not necessary to provide individual
adaptors for each different tube diameter.
In the actual use of the present invention many anesthestists first
check the patient to determine the correct size endo-tracheal tube
required, and they then insert the tube end through the adaptor
diaphragm while said diaphragm is still on the housing. The
anesthestist then disconnects the diaphragm and tube from the
housing, and inserts the tube into the patient with the diaphragm
attached. It is then a simple and quick procedure, when the patient
is ready to have the anesthetic administered, to re-attach the
diaphragm to the housing and to secure the gas line thereto. The
resulting time saving can be of critical importance in emergency
operations.
From the foregoing detailed description it will be seen that the
present invention provides a novel and improved endo-tracheal tube
adaptor having a number of advantages over the devices heretofore
used. Principally, of course, the transparent housing and quickly
detachable diaphragm characterizing the present invention minimizes
the possibility of phlegm or other foreign matter accumulating in
the adaptor and blocking the flow of gas therethrough. Moreover,
with the present unit there is no danger of the tube becoming bent
or crimped and cutting off the supply of anesthesia gas to a
patient during an operation. In addition, the present invention is
adaptable for endo-tracheal tubes of various sizes, it permits the
tube to be instantly coupled to the gas supply conduit, it is
leakproof and dependable in operation, it is light in weight, and
it is inexpensive enough to permit it to be thrown away after one
use.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not to be
limited or confined to a device identical in all respects to that
illustrated and hereinabove described. It is contemplated, for
example, that numerous variations could be made in the design of
the several components, and other suitable materials could be
utilized in lieu of those described. In short, it is to be
understood that the illustrated structure is intended merely as one
preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is intended to cover
herein not only the particular form of the invention described and
illustrated but also any and all modifications or variations
thereof as may come within the spirit of said invention.
* * * * *