U.S. patent number 3,666,143 [Application Number 05/048,327] was granted by the patent office on 1972-05-30 for automatic fluid dispensing apparatus with manual override.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fred Fisher. Invention is credited to Murray Weston.
United States Patent |
3,666,143 |
Weston |
May 30, 1972 |
AUTOMATIC FLUID DISPENSING APPARATUS WITH MANUAL OVERRIDE
Abstract
An apparatus for dispensing a predetermined volume of fluid
under pressure with provision for modifying the dispensing time of
the fluid to compensate for changes in the pressure on the fluid.
Further provision is made to selectively dispense one of a
plurality of predetermined liquid volumes, and to record the number
of dispensing cycles made of each said predetermined liquid
volume.
Inventors: |
Weston; Murray (Northridge,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Fisher; Fred (Van Nuys,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
21953974 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/048,327 |
Filed: |
June 22, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/61; 222/37;
222/641 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B67D
1/0006 (20130101); B67D 1/08 (20130101); B67D
1/1405 (20130101); B67D 2001/1483 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B67D
1/14 (20060101); B67D 1/08 (20060101); B67D
1/00 (20060101); B67d 001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/30,37,61,70
;137/624.12 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Kocovsky; Thomas E.
Claims
I claim:
1. Apparatus for dispensing predetermined quantities of fluid under
pressure from a conventional faucet having a mechanically actuable
manual valve comprising:
selectively engageable mechanical interlock means adapted to be
mounted proximate to the conventional faucet and operatively
connected to the handle of the conventional faucet;
manually operable handle means operatively connected to said
interlock means whereby when said interlock means is engaged, said
manually operable handle means is in direct mechanical connection
with the handle on the conventional faucet; and
means for selectively disengaging and engaging said interlock means
whereby upon said disengagement, said manually operable handle
means is mechanically disconnected from the handle on the
conventional faucet whereby the handle on the conventional faucet
returns to an off position irrespective of the position of said
manually operable handle means.
2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said manually
operable handle means is pivotally mounted on said interlock
means.
3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means for
selectively engaging and disengaging said interlock means includes
latching means pivotally connected to said manually operable handle
means, and bridge means operatively engaging the handle of the
conventional valve, said latching means being mechanically
engageable and disengageable with said bridge means.
4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3 further including means
normally biasing said bridge means in a position generally
corresponding to the handle position of the conventional valve when
it is closed.
5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 4 wherein said latching
means includes lifting means for accomplishing said selective
engagement and disengagement of said manually operable handle means
with the handle of the conventional valve.
6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5 further including fail
safe means whereby said manually operable handle means can be
maintained in an operative engagement with the conventional valve
irrespective of the normally functioning engagement of
disengagement of said interlock means.
7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said fail safe
means comprises a pin member insertable between said latching means
and a fixed reference point on said interlock means whereby said
latching means is maintained in engagement with said bridge
means.
8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said lifting means
is actuated by electro-mechanical means.
9. The apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein said
electro-mechanical means comprises a solenoid.
10. The apparatus as set forth in claim 8 further including first
electrical switch means actuable by selective positioning of said
manually operable handle means for actuating said
electro-mechanical lifting means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the automatic dispensing
of predetermined volumes of fluid under pressure, and more
particularly, to the dispensing of liquids, namely beverages, and
it is the general object of the invention to provide an improved
and altogether satisfactory dispensing system of the character of
that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,107,705 to S. G. Isserstedt.
In the Isserstedt patent, there is disclosed a dispensing system
for beer which dispenses a predetermined volume of the beverage
during each successive pour cycle. The system further provides for
modifying the time of the pour cycle to insure that the
predetermined volume of beer will be poured during any particular
pour cycle irrespective of variations in the pressure on the beer.
This patent still further discloses the actuation of counters
during each pour cycle whereby the proprietor of the establishment
serving the beer is able to determine precisely how many glasses
were served during any particular period of time.
While the apparatus of the Isserstedt patent has utility for the
purpose heretofore mentioned, the particular structure, both
mechanical and electronic, disclosed therein has been found to be
highly inefficient in actual operation and may actually be
prohibited by health codes. The actuation of the Isserstedt device
is accomplished by the rim of the glass contacting a switch
underlying the faucet when the glass is raised up to the faucet for
pouring. The insertion of a glass in this manner, so as to make
contact with the switch on the faucet and thus activate the timing
cycle, is considered unsanitary and thus undesirable from both the
point of view of the beverage industry and local health
authorities.
The Isserstedt device utilizes air pressure to open the faucet
valve during the pour cycle, and accordingly, an air compressor or
tanks of compressed air are required to be present at the
installation of an Isserstedt device. This requirement is
considered undesirable from several aspects since many beverage
dispensing facilities require the use of CO.sub.2 gas as a means of
keeping the beverage fresh and at the right degree of carbonation.
Thus, both bottled CO.sub.2 gas and a source of air pressure,
either bottled or compressor, must be present. It is highly
unlikely that the Isserstedt device could operate under CO.sub.2
gas since the temperature of CO.sub.2 gas could result in the
freezing of the valve mechanism thus causing the faucet to become
inoperative. In addition, in the case of a slightly defective seal,
the CO.sub.2 gas could enter the faucet spout and over carbonate
the beverage being served. Furthermore, air pressure cannot be used
to dispense beer thus eliminating the CO.sub.2 requirement since
the use of air pressure to dispense beer would cause the beer to
become flat tasting and stale. Also, air pressure used in beer
results in additional bacteria being formed which is highly
undesirable from a health standpoint and does not allow the beer to
be stored after being opened or tapped. This could result in a
large waste of beer if not all of a tapped or open keg was
dispensed in one business day.
Still another undesirable feature of the Isserstedt device is that
during the automatic operation of the dispenser, the faucet is
locked in an ON position and manual operation of the faucet can
only be accomplished when the handle is unlocked. Accordingly, in
the event of a failure of Isserstedt's timing circuit or faucet
mechanism, it is very possible that large amounts of beverage would
be wasted since the valve could not be readily turned OFF under
these conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is a principal aim of the present invention to
provide an improved beverage dispensing system capable of precisely
dispensing predetermined volumes of beverage. A collateral object
of the invention is to provide a beverage dispensing system for
automatically dispensing predetermined volumes of beverage with a
manual override so that the system can continue to be used in the
event of a mechanical or electrical failure or be manually
deactivated at any time during the timing cycle.
Still a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus
of the type referred to which accurately modifies the time of the
dispensing cycle in order to insure that the predetermined volume
of beverage will always be dispensed during said cycle irrespective
of variations in pressure on the beverage.
Another important aspect of the present invention is to provide an
apparatus of the type referred to which is characterized by its
high efficiency and reliability in operation, which is simple,
compact and economical in construction and which can be readily
installed on pre-existing beverage dispensing equipment without
extensive modification thereof.
It is still another aim of the invention to provide an apparatus of
the type referred to which can be manually deactivated at any time
during the pour cycle in the event of a mechanical or electrical
failure thus preventing the waste of beverage or a flooded
condition or if it is desired to dispense a lesser volume of
beverage than that predetermined by the timer.
A further object of the invention is to provide a highly efficient
photoelectric pressure transducer for use with the instant
invention.
Still another aim of the invention is to provide an improved
electronic timing circuit for use with the instant invention which
is capable of controlling dispensing periods of a plurality of
durations and yet which can be readily assembled in modular form
for installation and servicing operations.
Another important advantage of the instant invention is the
provision of automatically dispensing a plurality of predetermined
volumes of beverage, said predetermined volumes being readily
selected, and a permanent record being automatically maintained of
the number of dispensing cycles of each predetermined volume.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the
following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an overall pictorial view of a beverage dispensing system
embodying the features of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of the dispensing head of
the present invention taken in a non-dispensing mode;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along
line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view taken substantially along line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a faucet valve being maintained in its
dispensing mode by the dispensing head of the present
invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the faucet and its associated apparatus in
a non-dispensing mode;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view of the pressure transducer of the
present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the physical arrangement of the
control circuitry of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows a circuit board comprising the timer circuitry of the
present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the timer circuitry of the
present invention; and
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the power supply for the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIG. 1, an overall view of an exemplary beverage
dispenser system of the present invention is illustrated. Beverage
container 10 is depicted as a keg for beer and is shown connected
to a tank 15, here shown as containing CO.sub.2 gas. Flexible hose
17 connects tank 15 with container 10. A pressure gauge 19 and a
manually operable valve 21 are provided between tank 15 and hose
17. In this manner, it is possible to determine the pressure
existing in tank 15; and in the event of problems, it is possible
to turn off the pressure flow from the tank 15.
To insure a proper amount of beverage flow, flexible hose 17 is
connected to connector tee 23 which is connected to the transducer
unit 15. Electrical leads 27, 29 and 31 connect the transducer unit
to the electronic control circuitry indicated generally at 35. The
electronic control circuitry 35 is preferably installed in the
office of the manager of the establishment. In this location, it
will be most advantageous in ascertaining the use rate of the
beverages and determining the inventory requirements. Furthermore,
this facilitates an accurate accounting of the beverage business
conducted by the establishment.
In use, the beverage in container 10 passes through hose 39 to
beverage faucet actuating apparatus 42 and is dispensed from faucet
82. Handle 44 is utilized to operate the faucet 82 and dispense the
beverage from the faucet actuating apparatus 42. A cover 46 is
shown which encloses the mechanical parts within the beverage
dispenser. Shown in dotted lines are micro-switch 48 which is
connected to the electronic control circuitry 35 through leads 50
and 52, and solenoid 54 which is connected to the electronic
circuitry 35 through leads 56 and 58. Also shown is micro-switch 60
which is connected to the electronic circuitry 35 through leads 62
and 64. The operation of these micro-switches and solenoid will be
explained below.
In keeping with the objects of the instant invention, additional
dispensers may be added as shown at 70 and 72 for obtaining
additional capacity for dispensing beverages. As will be
hereinafter explained, this can be accomplished without the
necessity of installing additional cabinets and chassis for the
control circuitry 35 of providing a plurality of power supplies to
same.
THE FAUCET ACTUATING APPARATUS
In accordance with one of the important aspects of the present
invention, provision is made for activating a conventional fluid
dispensing faucet for a period of time required to dispense a
predetermined volume of fluid. This is accomplished by installing
of faucet actuating apparatus 42 (FIG. 4) on faucet 82, a
conventional type of manually activated faucet which is operatively
connected to a fluid container 10 (FIG. 1) by hose 39 which is
connected to the rear of faucet 82 at the threaded portion 80.
In order to install the faucet actuating apparatus 42, it is
positioned over the faucet 82, as best depicted in FIG. 4, and is
secured thereto by means of strap 84. The bonnet 110 of the faucet
is removed when the faucet actuating apparatus 42 is positioned on
the faucet and thereafter replaced to further secure the faucet to
the base 86 of the faucet actuating apparatus.
To prevent access to the faucet actuating apparatus 42 by
unauthorized personnel, the faucet actuating apparatus is provided
with a cover 46 which may be locked by a key or special fastening
device thus preventing beverage from being dispensed through the
faucet without being accounted for and assuring accurate
measurement of the number of beverage dispensing cycles that have
occurred.
In order for the faucet actuating apparatus 42 to open the faucet
82, it is necessary that the faucet valve stem 98 be moved in a
forward direction as illustrated in FIG. 5. The movement of the
valve stem is accomplished by providing an aperture 95 in the top
of bridge member 96 which is placed over the valve stem sleeve 100
and is secured to the base 86 in a manner allowing the pivoting of
the bridge member about pin 97. The bridge member 96 is biased by
bridge return spring 102 to a normal upright position wherein the
faucet is closed. In a conventional faucet arrangement, handle 44
would be connected directly to the valve stem 98 or would be
connected to the bridge member 96 to operate the valve stem.
However, in the faucet actuating apparatus 42 of the present
invention, the handle 44 is pivotally connected at the yoke portion
45 to the base 86 by pins 112 and 114 so as to allow for the
controlled operation of the valve stem 98 and the bridge member
96.
To control the operation of the bridge member 96, a finger latch 94
is provided which is attached to actuator 106 by pin 116. As can be
best seen in FIG. 3, finger latch 94 has a notch 94-A on its upper
surface and is stepped at its bottom surface at 94-B. Accordingly,
when actuator 106 is in a rearward position, bridge member 96 will
overlie the notch 94-A of finger latch 94 thereby properly locating
finger latch 94 so that it will engage bridge member 96 upon being
raised.
In order to raise finger latch 94 so as to engage bridge member 96,
a lifting linkage 92 is provided having a U-shaped notch 92-A. The
lifting linkage 92 is mounted on shaft 90 of rotary solenoid 54.
The rotary solenoid 54 is mounted directly to an upright member of
the base 86. Nut 90-A secures the lifting linkage 92 to the shaft
90 of rotary solenoid 54. Solenoid 54 is controllable by the
electronic circuitry in a manner which will be hereinafter
explained. It will also be readily apparent to one skilled in the
art that any one of a number of motion actuating devices well known
in the art such as linear solenoids, hydraulic and fluid responsive
cylinders without departing from the spirit and scope of the
instant invention.
To energize the solenoid 54, the electronic circuitry 35, shown in
FIG. 1, is triggered by the closing of micro-switch 48. Switch 48
is closed when actuator 106 is moved forward thereby causing spring
member 104 to release the plunger of micro-switch 48 thereby
closing it. As depicted in FIG. 3, the energization of solenoid 54
rotates the lifting linkage 92 which is on the shaft of solenoid
54. Finger latch 94 is positioned within the U-shaped notch 92-A of
lifting linkage 92. When actuator 106 has been moved forward by the
action of handle 44 through common pin 114 and switch 48 has been
closed to trigger the electronic circuitry to energize solenoid 54,
finger latch 94 is moved also forward, such that when lifting
linkage 92 is rotated, its U-shaped notch 92-A engages the stepped
portion 94-B of the finger latch 94. This effects the engagement of
notch 94-A with the bridge member 96.
When it is desired to dispense beverage, the handle 44 is moved
completely forward, as depicted in FIG. 5. This moves actuator 106
forward which, in turn, moves finger latch 94 forward. The notch
94-A of finger latch 94 then engages bridge member 96, which causes
the forward movement of valve stem 98 thereby opening the faucet 82
and allowing the flow of beverage therethrough.
In keeping with another important advantage of the invention, it is
necessary to be able to immediately shut off the faucet when the
desired amount of beverage has been dispensed. This improved
electronic timing circuit 35 controls the dispensing time; and at
the conclusion of said time, terminates the beverage flow from the
faucet. The solenoid 54 is deenergized by the electronic circuitry
thereby rotating of lifting linkage 92 in a direction opposite to
that heretofore described. This action downwardly rotates finger
latch 94. When finger latch 94 has been rotated downward, its notch
94-A no longer engages bridge member 96. Thus, bridge return spring
102 forcibly returns the bridge member to its upright position, as
shown in FIG. 6, thereby stopping the flow of the beverage. As can
be readily seen, this operation occurs irrespective of the position
of the handle 44 which originally causes the faucet to be turned
on.
A further important feature of the instant invention is to be able
to operate the faucet manually in the event of electronic equipment
failure. To accomplish this, provision is made for the finger latch
94 to be maintained in an upright position irrespective of the
energization of the solenoid 54. To this end, lifting linkage 92
has an L-shaped bracket 118 affixed thereto which has an aperture
119 therethrough, as shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, base 86 has a
recess 120 therein. To utilize the faucet manually, fail safe pin
122, having spring 124 thereon, is positioned in aperture 119 and
recess 120. This maintains the lifting linkage 92 in an upright
position which effectuates the engagement of notch 94-A with bridge
96. Spring 124 is provided on the fail safe pin 124 to render the
lifting linkage under continuous tension. Thus, when handle 44 is
moved forward to open the valve, the rotation of pin 114 causes the
forward movement of actuator 106, which is connected to finger
latch 94 through pin 116, and thereby causes the finger latch to be
moved forward also, which moves the bridge member 96 forward to
move the control stem 98 to open the faucet.
In the event of electrical or mechanical equipment failure, if it
is still desired to use the faucet manually, the cover 46 normally
is secured by a locking arrangement and can be removed only by an
authorized employee and the fail safe member 122 can only be
inserted by the proprietor when he has removed the dispenser cover
46.
The normal automatic operation of the faucet actuating apparatus is
utilized when a glass of beverage is desired to be poured. Movement
of the handle 44 forward closes switch 48 which triggers the timing
control circuitry to maintain solenoid 54 energized for a
predetermined period of time, corresponding to that time required
to fill a glass. However, it may be desired to pour greater amounts
of beverage than would normally flow into a glass, as, for example,
into a pitcher. For this reason, micro-switch 60 is provided and is
actuated by switch control member 126. Thus, in order to be able to
obtain a greater quantity of beverage than that required for a
standard glass, the operator pushes member 126 down to close switch
60. This sets the electronic control circuitry, as will be
described below, so as to allow the solenoid 54 to remain energized
for a longer predetermined period of time. Subsequent to the
closing of switch 60, the operator need only manipulate the handle
44, as heretofore described.
In order to dispense an additional increased quantity of beverage,
such as for a pitcher, it is necessary for switch 60 to again be
closed by rod 126. After the larger quantity of beverage has been
dispensed, the electronic circuitry resets to the predetermined
time wherein a smaller quantity of fluid corresponding to a
standard glass will be dispensed if the circuit is again
energized.
During the time that the beverage is being dispensed, the operator
may control the flow of beverage manually by pushing the handle 44
back to its resting position. This action moves the finger latch 94
back which allows the bridge return spring 102 to pull the bridge
member 96 to an upright position and thus causes the valve stem 98
to move to a closed position. This feature is of particular
importance since it can prevent the waste of beverage or flooding
the surrounding area should an equipment malfunction occur or a
glass or pitcher become upset or broken during filling or, in
addition, permit the dispensing of a lesser quantity of beverage
than that predetermined by said timing circuitry.
After the operator has obtained the desired quantity of beverage,
if it is required that another glass or pitcher be obtained, the
handle 44 must be returned to its normal position, wherein actuator
106 rests against spring member 104, which causes the opening of
switch 48, which, in turn, causes the timing circuitry to be
de-energized. Thereafter, when the handle 44 is moved forward, the
timing circuit is energized causing the energization of the
solenoid 54 and the timing circuit is reactivated.
In the event that the operator attempts to move the handle forward
in the expectation of obtaining beverage flow through the faucet
when the electronic timing circuitry has been turned OFF, it is
illustrated in FIG. 6 that the finger latch 94 is not in an upright
position as would be caused by the rotation of lifting linkage 92;
and therefore, finger latch 94 is not in a position to engage
bridge member 96 and thereby cause the movement of valve stem 98
and the opening of the faucet.
From the above discussion, it will be readily apparent to those
skilled in the art that the faucet actuating apparatus of the
instant invention also permits the manual dispensing of any
quantity of fluid less than the predetermined quantity controlled
by the timing circuitry by merely manually returning the valve to
closed position when this desired less than predetermined quantity
is dispensed.
THE TRANSDUCER
Referring now to FIG. 7, an improved pressure transducer 25,
finding use with present invention, is depicted. It is important
for the transducer to accurately convert the available pressure to
a signal to be conveyed to the electronic circuitry in order that
the proper amount of beverage be allowed to flow from the faucet
irrespective of the amount of pressure available. The pressure
transducer is placed in the line between the source of gas pressure
and the beverage container. As the pressure in the container
decreases, the pressure transducer 25 responds to this drop in
pressure and sends a signal to the electronic circuitry 35, so that
the time the solenoid 54 of the beverage dispenser 42 is energized
will be increased so that the proper amount of beverage will be
dispensed through faucet 82.
To provide that the transducer be responsive to the output of the
pressure source, the connector tee 23, illustrated in FIG. 1, is
connected to pressure intake means 120 of the transducer 25. The
entrance of pressure causes the movement of the pressure diaphragm
122 upward forcing the pinion rod 124 to rotate on a stabilizing
pin 126, which is attached to the base plate 128 of the pressure
transducer. The movement of the stabilizing pin 126 causes cam 130
to also be moved. Cam 130 is precut to allow the passage of varying
amounts of light depending upon its position, as will now be
explained. By providing cam 130 rotating on an elongated
stabilizing pin 126, it will be readily apparent to those skilled
in the art that a relatively longer movement of the cam between the
light source 134 and the light dependent resistor 132 permits a
greater latitude of response and smoother transition thereof than
would be available from prior art devices having a direct linear
shutter movement such as for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,750 to E.
I. Kazan.
In order to produce a varying electrical output from the transducer
depending on the change in gas pressure, the cam 130 interrupts the
passage of light from light source 134 to light dependent resistor
132. For this reason, it is important that the transducer housing
be light tight. The light source 132, which may be a conventional
light bulb, is inserted into a light cavity of a directional
lightblock on the base plate (not shown). The light dependent
resistor 132, which may also be a photo-resistive cell, varies its
resistance with the amount of light that is received. The output
from the cell 132 is connected to a resistor 136 and then to the
electronic circuitry in a manner which will be set forth below. The
operating level of light source 134 is set by a potentiometer 140
which sets the operating point to maintain the desired light beam.
A cam control spring 142 is connected to the base plate 128 ad to
the cam arm 130-A so as to stabilize the movement of the cam arm
130-A.
Of primary importance, is the compensated pressure range that the
pressure transducer will be operable over. If, for example, it is
desired that 8 ounces of beverage be poured from the faucet, the
pressure transducer will operate through a pressure range from 10
to 60 pounds per square inch and properly signal the electronic
circuitry so that there is no deviation from the predetermined
beverage quantity setting. This feature applies to any fluid under
pressure including the pressure acting on a fluid by virtue of its
relative height with respect to the dispensing faucet or
outlet.
THE ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
In keeping with another important aim of the invention, a compact,
accessible enclosure for the electronic circuitry is provided. A
rearward view of the electronic circuitry housing 35 is illustrated
in FIG. 8 with the cover removed. On the front panel 150, are
mounted a plurality of counters, 152 and 154. One column of
counters represents one faucet actuating apparatus 42. The upper
counter 152 is used to indicate the amount of one quantity of
beverage that has been dispensed through the faucet. The lower
counter 154 is utilized to indicate the amount of another quantity
of beverage that has been dispensed through the faucet. If it is
desired that a plurality of dispensers are to be utilized, then the
front panel 150 has provisions for adding additional cournters. An
upper counter and a lower counter correspond to the different
quantity amounts of beverage, drawn for glasses and pitchers, that
have been poured from one dispenser unit. It is contemplated that
one counter can also be utilized to indicate the total amount of
beverage that has been dispensed through the faucet.
Also mounted on the front panel is a switch 156 which turns on the
regulated power supply, the timing circuitry and a pilot light 158
to show that power is ON. Furthermore, a fuse 160 is shown, which
finds use in the instant circuitry.
Mounted on the base 126 of the electronic circuitry housing 35 is a
transformer 164 utilized for the power supply, and a circuit board
166 containing the power supply components. Also on the base are a
plurality of circuit board connectors 168 which have connector pins
170 mounted therein and which are adapted to receive circuit boards
172.
If it is desired to add additional dispenser units, it is only
required to install additional counters 152 and 154, as previously
discussed, and insert the appropriate timing circuit board 172 into
the circuit board connector 168 mounted on the circuitry housing
35. The power supply is suitable to handle a plurality of timing
circuit boards 172, such as the four depicted in the exemplary
device illustrated in FIG. 8.
In the event of service problems encountered with the timing
circuit, it is a simple expedient to merely remove the circuit
board with the malfunctioning timing circuit from the circuit board
connector and replace it with a new circuit board in order to
restore operation to the system. Mounted on one side of the circuit
board, which is of a standard construction, are a plurality of
electrical components, for example, transistors 174, capacitors
176, resistors 178, diodes 180 and relay 182. The circuit board 172
has conductor foil on both sides of the board and makes contact
with circuit board connector pins 170 on both sides of the
board.
The preferable power supply that is used with the present invention
is energized by a source of voltage, preferably 110 volts, which is
introduced to transformer 164, as shown in FIG. 10, through fuse
160 and switch 156, which are mounted on the front panel 150 of the
electronic circuitry housing 35. The voltage passes through
transformer 164 and results in a lower voltage at the secondary,
preferably in the range of 14 volts. This lower voltage is
rectified to a DC voltage by diodes 202 and 204, which are
connected in a full-wave rectifier arrangement. This voltage is
then filtered at capacitor 206 and is then regulated. The DC
voltage appearing at capacitor 206 turns transistor 208 ON.
Transistor 208 then turns transistor 212 ON. Resistors 210 and 114
are used for biasing.
After series regulator control transistor 212 is turned ON, a
voltage appears at the base 216 of control transistor 218 by means
of voltage divider resistors 220 and 222. Current flow through
transistor 218 is regulated by zener diode 224 which breaks down at
a predetermined voltage point thereby limiting the amount of
current flow through transistor 218 and adding to the stability of
the voltage regulator.
In order to regulate the DC output voltage from the power supply,
transistor 218 is used as a reference amplifier. When the voltage
at the output drops due to an increase in load current
requirements, transistor 218 conducts less thereby allowing
transistor 208 to conduct more which, in turn, allows regulator
transistor 212 to conduct more thus increasing the output voltage
to its proper level. In the event that output voltage becomes too
high, reference amplifier transistor 218 conducts more; and
thereby, transistors 208 and 212 conduct less thus decreasing the
output voltage to its proper level.
To protect against transients across the output XX' and provide
stability to the voltage regulator, capacitor 226 is provided.
Capacitor 228 is utilized to provide additional filtering at the
output XX'.
In accordance with another important aspect of this invention, an
improved electronic timer is utilized, as illustrated in FIG. 11.
Voltage is provided at terminals XX' from the output of the power
supply. As previously discussed, this voltage is a regulated DC
voltage which insures the stability of operation of the timer
circuit.
In order to energize the timer, the handle 44 is moved from its
resting position forward into its pour position so that
micro-switch 48 is closed. A gating circuit, comprised of resistor
240 and 242 and capacitor 244, is utilized to provide a positive
pulse to the gate 246 of silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) 248.
This causes the SCR to conduct and, therefore, energize rotary
solenoid 54. This solenoid is mounted in the faucet actuating
apparatus, as illustrated in FIG. 2. A diode 250 is connected, in
parallel, across solenoid 54 to minimize the possibility of damage
to the SCR when the solenoid, which is an inductive load device, is
de-energized. Energization of SCR 248 causes transistor 252 to be
turned OFF. Concurrently therewith, the current flows through
resistor 253 through capacitor 256, which initially appears as a
short circuit, and then to the base of transistor 254 thereby
turning it ON and energizing counter 152 to indicate that a
predetermined amount of beverage has been poured. Transistor 254
remains ON until capacitor 256 charges through resistor 253 thereby
turning transistor 254 OFF. This causes counter 152 to be
de-energized and thus registers only one count.
When no beverage is being poured and prior to the actuation of
micro-switch 48, the current flow passes through solenoid 54 and,
in turn, through resistors 290 and 292 which form a voltage divider
arrangement to energize transistor 252. This maintains transistor
254 OFF which prevents any indication from being made in the
counter.
In order to determine the energization time of the solenoid 54; and
therefore, the beverage flow time at the faucet actuating apparatus
42, it is necessary to take into account the amount of pressure
available. Accordingly, the pressure transducer 25 measures the
pressure and gives a corresponding output of resistance versus
pressure. As the light received by light dependent resistor 132
from light source 134 changes, the current through transistor 258
changes which, in turn, varies the charging time of capacitor 260.
The degree of conduction that transistor 258 is in while capacitor
260 is charging is dependent upon fixed resistor 268 and variable
resistor 270.
In achieving the timing determination, after capacitor 260 has
charged to a predetermined level, uni-junction transistor 262 turns
ON and discharges the capacitor through resistor 304; and in turn,
a positive trigger pulse is provided to the bases of transistor 264
and 266 turning both of these transistors ON. When capacitor 260
has discharged, the uni-junction transistor 262 turns OFF which
causes the de-energization of solenoid 54, as will be explained.
Resistors 306, 304 and the parameters of the uni-junction
transistor 262 set the level at which the uni-junction transistor
262 will break down and allow discharge of capacitor 260. When
transistor 264 turns ON, it then diverts current flow from SCR 248.
This causes SCR 248 to turn OFF as there is not enough current to
maintain it in conduction. At this time, the solenoid 54 is
maintained energized by the ON condition of transistor 264. When
capacitor 260 discharges, transistor 262 turns OFF thereby turning
transistor 264 OFF which causes the de-energization of solenoid 54.
At this time, transistor 266 is turned ON thereby preventing any
charge from being built up on capacitor 260.
In order to be able to pour enough beverage to fill a larger
container, it is necessary to actuate switch 60, as previously
described. When switch 60 is actuate, the current flow passes
through solenoid 54, resistor 298, and switch 60 and thereby turns
ON transistor 272. As transistor 272 is turned ON, relay 274 is
turned ON and causes the switching of relay switch 276, which
allows current to pass through resistors 300 and 302 thereby
providing a voltage divider arrangement and maintaining transistor
272 in an ON condition after switch 60 is de-actuated. Energization
of relay 274 also causes the switching of relay switches 278, 280
and 282.
The switching of relay switch 278 allows resistors 286 and 288 to
determine the degree of conduction that transistor 258 will be in.
The switching of relay switch 280 allows capacitor 286 to be placed
in the circuit. The switching of relay switch 282 allows the
pitcher counter to be connected into the circuit.
In order to pour the beverage and after switch 60 has been
actuated, the handle 44 of the dispenser unit is then moved forward
thereby closing switch 48 and commencing the timing cycle. This
time, however, when transistor 254 is turned ON, it causes counter
284 to be energized thereby indicating that an amount of beverage
approximating a pitcher has been poured.
As heretofore described, in order to determine the energization
time of the solenoid 54, the pressure transducer 25 measures the
pressure in the connecting line and changes it to a current
represented b the amount of light exposed to light dependent
resistor 134, and this current is utilized to charge capacitor 286.
Capacitor 286 is generally ten times larger than capacitor 260 in
order to give longer time constant. When capacitor 286 has been
sufficiently charged, transistor 262 turns ON, as before, and again
provides a pulse, turning transistors 264 and 266 ON. The turning
ON of transistor 264 causes SCR 248 to cease conduction and
thereafter causes the de-energization of solenoid 54. The turning
ON of transistor 266 causes transistor 272 to turn OFF thereby
de-energizing relay 274 and causing relay switches 276, 278, 280
and 282 to return to their former positions.
It can be readily understood why switch 60 must be actuated each
time it is desired to obtain a larger amount of beverage from the
faucet actuating apparatus, inasmuch as relay 274 is de-energized
at the conclusion of the timing cycle and relay switches 276, 278,
280 and 282 are restored to their initial positions.
To minimize the possibility of damage to transistor 254 when it
switches OFF the inductive load of the counters, diode 294 is
connected, in parallel, across either counter 152 or counter 284,
depending on which one is in the circuit. Diode 296, which is
connected across relay 274, functions similarly.
From the foregoing, those skilled in the art will readily
understand the nature of the invention, its construction and
operation, and the manner in which it achieves and realizes the
objects and the damages as set forth in the foregoing.
The foregoing disclosure is representative of preferred forms of
the invention and is to be interpreted in an illustrative rather
than a limiting sense.
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