U.S. patent number 3,662,929 [Application Number 05/050,834] was granted by the patent office on 1972-05-16 for device for displacing a substance in response to forces generated by a fluid under pressure.
Invention is credited to Samuel Francis Sims.
United States Patent |
3,662,929 |
Sims |
May 16, 1972 |
DEVICE FOR DISPLACING A SUBSTANCE IN RESPONSE TO FORCES GENERATED
BY A FLUID UNDER PRESSURE
Abstract
A device for forcing a substance to be displaced from a
containing enclosure using the forces generated by a fluid under
pressure. The fluid under pressure enters an enclosure, a portion
of whose surface is formed by a flexible membrane. The flexible
membrane forms a common surface between the enclosure in which the
fluid under pressure is held and the containing enclosure in which
the substance to be displaced is held so that forces generated on
the membrane by the fluid under pressure are applied to the
substance to be displaced. As the fluid under pressure flows into
the enclosure the membrane deflects and forces the substance to be
displaced from the containing enclosure. An embodiment of this
invention is disclosed in which the flexible membrane expands
within the interior of a rigid container thus forcing the substance
within the container to be displaced. Another embodiment of this
invention is disclosed in which the fluid under pressure enters a
rigid container and causes the flexible membrane within the
container to collapse thus forcing the substance to be displaced
out of the containing enclosure a portion of whose surface is
formed by the flexible membrane.
Inventors: |
Sims; Samuel Francis (Alhambra,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
21967745 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/050,834 |
Filed: |
June 29, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/386.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B
43/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F04B
43/10 (20060101); F04B 43/00 (20060101); B67d
005/54 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/131,214,335,386.5,389 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Kocovsky; Thomas E.
Claims
I claim:
1. A device for displacing a substance in response to forces
generated by a fluid under pressure, comprising:
a conduit having a first end with an opening and a second end with
an opening,
means attached to the first end of the conduit for connecting the
conduit to a source of fluid under pressure,
an expandable container having an opening, the opening of said
expandable container being connected to the second end of the
conduit so that the fluid under pressure may pass through the
conduit and enter the interior of the expandable container causing
the container to expand,
a container having a top, a side, and a substantially flat bottom
surface, said container also having an opening in its top,
a cover having a top surface and a bottom surface, said cover
having a shape which at least covers the opening in the top of the
container, said cover also having a first hole and a second hole,
the holes being located centrally on the cover, the second hole
having the conduit inserted within it, the periphery of the second
hole being attached to the exterior of the conduit so that a
leakproof seal is formed between the exterior of the conduit and
the periphery of the second hole, and so that the first end of the
conduit extends above the top surface of the cover and the second
end of the conduit extends below the bottom surface of the cover
when the top surface of the cover is disposed upwardly,
a hose connection fitting having a longitudinal bore, said hose
connection fitting being connected to the periphery of the first
hole in the cover and extending above the top surface of the cover,
said fitting providing a passageway for the substance to be
displaced,
an exhaust hose having a first end and a second end, the first end
of said exhaust hose being attached to the hose connection fitting
so that the substance to be displaced exiting from the hose fitting
will pass into the interior of the exhaust hose,
a valve connected to the second end of the exhaust hose to control
the flow of the substance to be displaced, sad valve forming the
first opening of the second enclosure,
a perforated conduit which is supported in an upright position by
the bottom surface and the side of the container so that the
substance to be displaced may pass from the bottom of the container
to the top of the container after the expandable container has
expanded to such an extent that there are no longer any openings
between the expandable container and the side of the container
through which the substance to be displaced could reach the top of
the container,
a gasket which fits between the bottom surface of the cover and the
periphery of the opening in the top of the container, said gasket
having an outline which conforms generally to the periphery of the
opening in the top of the container so that a seal is formed around
the periphery of the opening in the top of the container when the
cover is held forcibly against the top of the container,
a flexible flap attached to a portion of the gasket adjacent the
first hole in the cover, said flap extending to a point so that the
flap covers the first hole when a portion of the expandable
container comes into contact with the flap thus preventing the
fluid under pressure from forcing the expandable member into the
first hole and also establishing pressure within the container
which prevents the further entry of fluid under pressure into the
expandable container and also prevents the fluid under pressure
from leakage from the region where the expandable container is
connected to the conduit, and
means for forcibly holding the cover against the top of the
container so that a substantially equal compressive force is
applied to points on the gasket.
2. A device for displacing a substance in response to forces
generated by a fluid under pressure as recited in claim 1 wherein
the cover, comprises:
a plate having a portion which extends beyond the side of the
container, said plate having a hole in the portion which extends
beyond the side of the container.
3. A device for displacing a substance in response to forces
generated by a fluid under pressure, as recited in claim 2 wherein
the means for forcibly holding the cover against the top of the
container, comprises:
a base plate upon which the bottom surface of the container
rests,
a dowel connected at one end to the base plate and having a portion
near its other end threaded, said threaded end extending through
the hole in the portion of the cover which projects beyond the side
of the container, and
a wing nut threadably attached to the threaded end of the dowel and
exerting a holding force against the top surface of the cover.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates in general to devices for displacing a fluid
from a container and in particular to a device which uses forces
generated by an available fluid under pressure to accomplish the
displacement of the substance.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Many devices for displacing a substance are known in the prior art.
One such device is a pump driven electrically or by an internal
combustion engine or by some other means. One difficulty with a
device of this type is that the necessity of having a prime mover
to drive the pump increases the size and weight of the device
thereby decreasing its portability and usefulness. Another
disadvantage of using a pump to displace a substance is that the
pump is a complex combination of opening and closing ports or of
rapidly rotating elements which are subject to dynamic forces and
wear. It can be seen then that a device using a pump to displace a
substance is likely to be unreliable due to its large number of
moving parts and is also likely to be relatively expensive for the
same reason.
Other devices are available which displace a substance from a
closed container by pressurizing the air above the surface of the
substance in the container and drawing the substance out of the
container through an opening near the bottom of the container. This
type of device suffers from the same limitations as the device
which uses a pump to displace the substance because a compressor is
used to pressurize the air. The compressor has numerous moving
parts and requires a prime mover just as a pump does. This
invention overcomes much of the complexity of the prior art devices
and makes available, at a very low cost, the benefits of being able
to displace a substance from a container without manual effort.
This invention eliminates much of the expense, weight, and
complexity of prior art devices by eliminating the need for a
device which produces fluid pressure from a source of mechanical
energy. This is done by using a source of a fluid under pressure
already available. One source of fluid under pressure which may be
used for this purpose is water pressure. Since the invention
provides a separation between the fluid under pressure and the
substance to be displaced, there are no problems associated with
the mixing of the fluid under pressure and the substance to be
displaced. The invention has essentially one moving part;
therefore, it is much more reliable and simpler to operate than the
prior art devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is a device for displacing a substance in response
to forces generated by a fluid under pressure comprising a first,
hollow enclosure having an interior and an exterior surface, said
first enclosure also having a first opening and a second opening,
the first opening being connected to a source of fluid under
pressure. The invention also comprises a flexible member having an
interior surface and an exterior surface and an opening, said
opening being connected to the second opening of the first hollow
enclosure so that the fluid under pressure is contained by the
interior surface of the first enclosure and the interior surface of
the flexible member. This invention further comprises a second,
hollow enclosure having an interior surface and an exterior
surface, said second enclosure having a first opening and a second
opening, the first opening providing a passageway from a point
interior to the second enclosure to a point exterior to the second
enclosure, the second opening being attached to a portion of the
exterior surface of the first enclosure so that a containing
enclosure, in which the substance to be displaced is contained, is
formed by the exterior surface of the flexible member and the
interior surface of the second enclosure so that the entry of the
fluid under pressure into the enclosure formed by the interior
surfaces of the first enclosure and the flexible member will
displace the substance to be displaced from the containing
enclosure, the substance exiting from the containing enclosure
through the first opening in the second enclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the embodiment of the invention in
which the flexible membrane is expandable. A cross-sectional view
of the same embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2. A
cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention in which the
flexible member is collapsable is shown in FIG. 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIGS. 1 and 2 an embodiment of the invention is shown having a
flexible member which is the expandable container 10 with opening
12. The conduit 14 which may be a hose, has means 15 which may be a
female garden hose connection for attaching the conduit 14 to a
source of fluid under pressure. The conduit 14 is connected to a
first hollow enclosure 16, said enclosure 16 being a conduit, at
the first opening 17 in the conduit 16. The conduit 16 is inserted
within an opening 18 in the cover plate 19, opening 18 being the
second opening of the second hollow enclosure formed by the bottom
surface 20 of cover plate 19 and the interior surface 21 of the
container 22. The cover plate 19 is attached to a portion of the
exterior surface 23 of conduit 16 so that the first opening 17 of
the conduit 16 is above the top surface 24 of the cover plate 19
and the second opening 25 of the conduit 16 is below the bottom
surface 20 of the cover plate 19 when the top surface 24 of cover
plate 19 is disposed upwardly as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The fluid under pressure entering the enclosure formed by the
interior surface 26 of the conduit 16 and the interior surface 27
of the expandable container 10 will displace the substance to be
displaced 28 from the containing enclosure formed by the exterior
surface 30 of the expandable container 10 and the interior surfaces
of the second hollow enclosure formed by the bottom surface 20 of
the cover plate 19 and the interior surface 21 of the container 22.
For purposes of clarity, in FIG. 2 the substance to be displaced 28
is only shown near the bottom of container 22. It is to be
understood that the substance to be displaced 28 will be displaced
from container 22 only after the level of the substance to be
displaced 28 has reached the bottom surface 20 of the cover plate
19. The substance to be displaced 28 exits from the second hollow
enclosure formed by the bottom surface 20 of the cover plate 19 and
the interior surface 21 of the container 22 through the first
opening 32 in the cover plate 19 within which is fastened a
connection port 33 which may be a hose connection fitting. A
conduit 34 is connected to connection port 33 to conduct the
substance to be displaced 28 to its point of utilization. A valve
35 is connected to the end of conduit 34 to control the flow of the
substance to be displaced 28.
As the expandable container 10 becomes filled with fluid under
pressure to the extent that the exterior surface 30 of the
expandable container 10 contacts the interior surface 21 of the
container 22 some provision must be made to allow the portion of
the substance to be displaced 28 below the expandable container 10
to flow between the exterior surface 30 of expandable container 10
and the interior surface 21 of the container 22. Such a provision
is made by perforated conduit 36. A flexible flap 37 is attached to
the gasket 38 in the region 39 adjacent to the first opening 32 in
the cover plate 19 so that when the exterior surface 30 of the
expandable container 10 becomes expanded to the extent that it
comes into contact with flexible flap 37, flexible flap 37 will
cover the opening 32 in the cover plate 19 so that the expandable
container 10 will be prevented from entering the opening 32 and
internal pressure will rise within the enclosure formed by the
bottom surface 20 of cover plate 19 and the interior surface 21 of
the container 22 so that entry of the fluid under pressure into the
expandable container 10 will cease and leakage of the fluid under
pressure from the region 50 where the expandable container 10 is
connected about the periphery of conduit 16 will be prevented.
The bottom surface 20 of cover plate 19 to which gasket 38 is
attached is urged forcibly toward the top surface 40 of the
container 22 by the wing nuts 41, 42, and 43 so that a leakproof
seal is formed between the bottom surface 20 of the cover plate 19
and the top surface 40 of the container 22. The wing nuts 41, 42,
and 43 are threadably attached to dowels 45, 46, and 47 which are
in turn attached to base plate 48 by nuts 50, 51, and 52.
A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. In the
embodiment of FIG. 3 the first hollow enclosure is formed by
container 60 and cover 61. Valve 63 is connected to a source of
fluid under pressure. The fluid under pressure flows from valve 63
into port 64 which is attached to side 65 of container 60, said
port 64 being the first opening of the first enclosure. Fluid under
pressure flowing from port 64 enters the enclosure formed by the
interior surface 66 of container 60, the bottom surface 67 of cover
61, and the interior surface 68 of collapsable member 70.
Collapsable member 70 is connected to the second opening 71 of the
first enclosure in the bottom surface 67 of cover 61 and presses
against gasket 72 so that leakage of the fluid under pressure from
the first enclosure formed by container 60 and cover 61 is
prevented. Leakage of the fluid under pressure from the first
enclosure formed by container 60 and cover 61 is also prevented by
gasket 73 which fits between the bottom surface 67 of the cover 61
and the top surface 74 of the container 60.
The substance to be displaced 75 is contained within the containing
enclosure formed by exterior surface 76 of the collapsable
container 70 and the interior surface 77 of the conduit 78, the
conduit 78 being the second hollow enclosure for the embodiment
shown in FIG. 3. The substance to be displaced 75 is displaced from
the containing enclosure in response to forces applied to the
interior surface 68 of collapsable member 70 by the fluid under
pressure within the first enclosure formed by cover 61 and
container 60. The substance to be displaced flows from the opening
79 in the collapsable member 70 into the second opening 80 of the
conduit 78 and thence through the first opening 81 of the conduit
78.
* * * * *