U.S. patent number 3,660,801 [Application Number 05/105,399] was granted by the patent office on 1972-05-02 for one-piece socket for decorative light.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Noma-World Wide Inc.. Invention is credited to Bernard Paulfus.
United States Patent |
3,660,801 |
Paulfus |
May 2, 1972 |
ONE-PIECE SOCKET FOR DECORATIVE LIGHT
Abstract
A one-piece socket for a decorative light, such as a Christmas
tree light, is provided. The socket is of the pin-tap terminal type
and employs a pair of resilient gripper arms at the base of the
socket which are adapted to flex apart to accommodate an electrical
wire and to retain the wire in firm connection with the pin-tap
terminals when the wire is positioned in a wire receiving channel
defined by the arms. The arms are formed with guide surfaces which
direct the wire into the channel and which also aid in spreading
the arms apart when the wire is forced thereagainst so as to
facilitate the positioning of the wire in the channel. BACKGROUND
OF THE INVENTION Christmas tree lights have often been provided
with sockets of the pin-tap terminal type. Such sockets have a pair
of electrical connectors which are mounted in the socket so as to
engage the Christmas tree light bulb. These connectors have pointed
terminal ends which are positioned at the base of the socket. These
pointed ends are positioned so as to pierce the insulation of an
electrical wire which is threaded through the socket and make
contact with the metal core of the wire and to thereby connect the
bulb into the circuit. Such pin-tap terminals are desirable since
they can be rapidly attached to the electric wire and eliminate the
need for stripping of the wire to expose the metallic wire core,
thereby making it quite easy to attach the wire to the socket.
Typical sockets of this type are shown in the U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,647,246 to Gilbert, 3,251,023 to Schick and 3,372,362 to Schick.
The sockets shown in these patents all employ pin-tap terminals
which connect the electrical wire threaded through the socket to
the light bulb. All of the sockets shown also employ a separate
cap, cover, or base member which is fitted into or otherwise
engages the socket body to capture and hold the wire in position
against the pin-tap connectors. Although such caps, covers, or base
members can hold the wire quite securely in position, the expense
incurred in forming a separate member and in assembling it onto the
socket body is relatively high. Moreover, the fit between the
socket body and the cap, cover, or base member must be quite tight,
thereby requiring that both the socket and mating cap members be
formed to relatively close tolerances, thus increasing the cost of
the assembly. It is desirable to eliminate the need for a cap,
cover, or base member for the socket assembly since this eliminates
the expense of forming and assembling a separate cap, cover, or
base member for the assembly. U.S. Pat. No. 2,692,324 to Carson
shows an electric lamp having a base employing pin terminals and a
pair of resilient arms formed integrally with the base and adapted
to hold an electrical wire in position when connected to the pin
terminals. Carson does not show a socket of the type contemplated
in the patents referred to above since the bulb is not a
replaceable component in Carson's electric lamp. Additionally,
Carson's assembly requires that the arms be pried and held apart
while the wire is inserted into position. With such a construction
it is somewhat more difficult to connect the wire to the assembly
than with many pin-tap connector sockets in which the connection
can be formed as the wire is moved into position by, or with, cap
or cover. In Carson's lamp this cannot be done since the arms of
the lamp must be spread apart before the wire is moved into
position and connected to the pin-tap terminals. STATEMENT OF THE
INVENTION This invention provides a socket for a decorative light
such as a Christmas tree light which has the advantage that the
wire can be connected to the pin-tap terminals in a single
connecting motion and has the further advantage that the socket is
formed all in one piece without the necessity for a cap, a cover,
or a base to hold the wire in position. The construction of the
socket of the invention is simple and relatively inexpensive. The
socket of the invention comprises a unitary socket body having a
central cavity therein adapted to receive and retain an electric
light bulb; the socket body also has a channel formed in the base
thereof for receiving a wire; a pair of connectors are positioned
in the socket with respect to the central cavity so as to engage
the bulb in electrical connection therewith, each of said
connectors having a pin-terminal and projecting into the channel; a
pair of resilient arms are formed integrally with the socket body
and define at least a portion of said channel, said arms being
adapted to flex apart so as to permit a wire to be moved into the
channel and into connection with the pin terminals, and being
further adapted to return to a normal position and to thereby
capture the wire firmly in position; the arms are formed with guide
surfaces at the base end thereof for receiving the wire prior to
its entry into the channel such that upon application of a force
against the surfaces via the wire the arms flex apart permitting
the wire to enter the channel.
Inventors: |
Paulfus; Bernard (Palos Hills,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Noma-World Wide Inc. (Chicago,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22305618 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/105,399 |
Filed: |
January 11, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
439/419 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
21/002 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
21/002 (20060101); H01r 011/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;339/97,99,157,199 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: McGlynn; Joseph H.
Claims
Having regard to the foregoing disclosure, the following is claimed
as the inventive and patentable embodiment thereof:
1. A one-piece socket particularly suited for use in a Christmas
tree light assembly comprising, a socket body having a central
cavity therein adapted to receive and retain an electric light
bulb, said socket body having a channel formed in proximity to the
base thereof for receiving a wire; a pair of connectors positioned
in the socket body with respect to the central cavity so as to
engage the bulb in electrical connection therewith, each of said
connectors having a pin-tap terminal end projecting into the
channel; a pair of resilient gripper arms formed integrally with
the socket body and defining at least a portion of said channel,
said arms being adapted to flex apart so as to permit a wire to be
moved into the channel and into connection with the pin-tap
terminals, and being further adapted to return to a normal position
and to thereby capture and hold the wire firmly in position in
connection with the terminals, said arms being formed with guide
surfaces at the base end thereof for receiving the wire prior to
its entry into the channel and for guiding the wire into the
channel such that upon application of a force against the surfaces
via the wire, the arms flex apart and permit the wire to enter the
channel and contact the pin-tap terminals.
2. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 1, in which the
guide surfaces face each other to define a trough-like region at
the base of the socket.
3. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 2 in which the
trough-like region extends axially in the same direction as the
channel.
4. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 1 in which the guide
surfaces are convexly curved.
5. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 1 in which the guide
surfaces face each other and converge at an apex angle within the
range of from about 15.degree. to about 165.degree. .
6. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 1 in which the guide
surfaces of the gripper arms terminate at a ledge which defines one
boundary of the channel.
7. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 1 made of a plastic
material.
8. A one-piece socket particularly suited for use in a Christmas
tree light assembly, comprising a one-piece plastic body having a
central cylindrical cavity therein adapted to receive an electric
light bulb; means in the cavity for retaining the light bulb in
position therein; a pair of resilient gripper arms formed
integrally with the socket body and extending therefrom said
gripper arms defining, at least in part, a channel in the socket
body through which an electric wire can be threaded, said arms each
having a re-entrant facing portion, each forming closely spaced
ledge portions defining a wall of the channel; each of said gripper
arms also having an outwardly facing convexly curved guide surface,
which surfaces together define a notch-like trough axially aligned
with the channel, said surfaces being adapted to receive and guide
a wire into position in the channel upon application of a force via
the wire toward the channel such that the arms flex outwardly away
from each other to permit the wire to pass between and past the
ledge portions, the gripper arms thereupon returning to their
normal position and said ledge portions thereupon capturing the
wire in the channel; a pair of pin-tap connectors embedded in the
socket body and having pointed terminal ends projecting into the
channel in off-set positions so as to engage both metal cores of
the wire, one of said pin-tap connectors extending into a central
region in the socket body so as to contact the bottom tip of a bulb
and the other of the connectors engaging another portion of the
bulb.
9. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 8 in which the
socket body has a passage connecting the central cavity and the
channel, and in which the connector which engages the bulb tip
extends into this passage.
10. A one-piece socket in accordance with claim 8 including a
retainer member formed on the socket body for engaging a support
such as a branch of a Christmas tree to hold the socket in
position.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view in perspective of the socket of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the socket.
FIG. 3 is a view in cross-section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG.
1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the wire being forced against
the guide surfaces and into the channel of the socket body.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND SPECIFICATION
As noted above, the socket of the invention is formed with a pair
of resilient arms formed integrally therewith at the base of the
socket body. These arms define a space or channel in the socket
body through which the wire is threaded. The arms also capture and
hold the wire firmly in position and in electrical contact with the
pin terminals. The arms can be generally C-shaped or L-shaped in
cross-section, with the wire receiving channel defined by the
central area of the "C" or "L." The arms, as well as the socket
body, preferably are made from a plastic material which not only is
flexible, but also acts as an insulator for the bulb and the wire.
Typically suitable plastic materials are polypropylene,
polyethylene, polyvinylchloride and synthetic rubbers. It is also
possible to make the socket of a conducting material such as a
metal if desired, provided however, the metal is coated or
otherwise insulated.
Materials other than those mentioned above can be used for the
socket, but whatever material is used, it must be sufficiently
resilient to permit the arms to flex apart and together, but at the
same time be strong enough to firmly hold the wire in position
against the pin terminals. The gripper arms should be made thin
enough to readily flex apart, but thick enough to firmly hold the
wire in position. The resilient arms can extend completely across
the width of the socket body or can comprise only a small portion
of the socket body width. However, the arms are always integrally
formed with the socket body so that the socket assembly is all one
piece.
The arms are formed with guide surfaces against which the
electrical wire is forced to move it into the channel. In response
to force applied to the guide surfaces, the arms flex apart to
accommodate the wire in the channel. These surfaces, when together,
generally define a "V," or notch-shaped, or through-like central
region at the base of the socket which extends axially in the same
direction as the wire and as the channel. The guide surfaces can be
flat or curved but preferably are convexly curved, since this the
convex shape aids in the spreading of the arms apart when the wire
is forced against them. The guide surfaces can be formed to an
angle such that the apex of the notch or V-shaped region defines an
angle of as small as 15.degree. . Larger angles are preferred but
the angle should not however exceed 165.degree. since for angles
greater than 165.degree. the guide surfaces will provide little
assistance in spreading the arms apart. Angles within the range of
about 30.degree. to 60.degree. are preferred.
As noted above the arms define a central channel in which the wire
is received and retained. The arms, interiorly of the guide
surfaces are recessed so as to define a ledge which acts as a stop
for the wire when in position to prevent it from being displaced
from its position in contact with the pin-tap terminals.
The socket shown in FIG. 1 has a plastic body 5 formed of
polypropylene. The body has a central cylindrical region 6 formed
with a central cavity 8 for receiving a light bulb. The upper
portion of the socket body 5 has an annular flared skirt 9 and is
formed with an arm 10 extending downwardly therefrom. The arm 10
serves as a clip for holding the socket on the limb of a Christmas
tree. The central cavity 8 of the socket is formed with a series of
protrusions 12 which engage the threads of a light bulb 30 so as to
retain the bulb in position. These protrusions 5 are formed to a
pitch corresponding to that of the threads of the bulb. Beneath the
cylindrical portion 6 of the body a tapered base portion 15 is
formed. This tapered base portion 15 defines a narrowed central
passage 11 extending downwardly from the central cavity 8. The
bottom of the central cavity 8 has a ledge 16 against which the
bulb, when in position as shown in FIG. 3, rests.
A pair of pin tap connectors 18 and 24 are embeded in the plastic
material of the tapered region 15 of the socket body. One of the
pair of pin-tap connectors 18 has a hook-shaped upper end 20 which
protrudes onto the ledge 16 so as to contact the base of the bulb.
The other end of the pin-tap connector 18 is pointed and extends
into a channel 40 formed in the socket body as will be described
more particularly hereinafter. The pointed end is adapted to pierce
the insulation of a wire in the channel and make an electrical
connection with the metal core of the wire. The other of the
pin-tap connectors 24 is generally V-shaped as an arm 26 which
projects centrally into the passage 11 into a central position at
which it engages the tip 27 of the bulb 30 as shown in FIG. 3. The
other end 29 of the pin-tap connector 24 is also formed with a
point as to engage and pierce the insulation of an electrical wire
in the channel and make an electrical connection with the metal
wire core. The pointed ends 22 and 29 are off-set from each other
such that each point engages a different metallic wire core of the
pair of cores of the electrical wire.
The tapered base 15 of the socket body terminates at a pair of
resilient arms 35 formed integrally with the socket body. These
arms are generally hook-like in cross-section and extend across a
major portion of the width of the socket body. The hook-like
portions of the arms 35 face each other so as to define together
the central channel 40 through which the wire can be threaded. The
ends 22 and 29 of the pin-tap connectors project into this channel
into a position so as to engage and pierce the insulation of the
electrical wire (not shown). The exterior sides of these arms 35
are generally flat. However, the arms are formed at the bottom
thereof with guide surfaces 42 which are slightly convexly curved.
The guide surfaces together define a V-shaped notch or trough which
extends axially in the same direction as the wire. The apex angle
of this notch 15 is approximately 45.degree. . The guide surfaces
assist in forcing apart the arms which are flexible and thus,
permit the electrical wire to be pushed past the edge 45 defining
the end of the guide surface 42 and into the channel 40 and thereby
into connection with the terminal ends 22, 29 of the pin-tap
connectors. The guide surface 42 serves as bearing surfaces against
which the wire is forced. When the wire is forced toward the
channel 40, due to the notch or V-shaped configuration of the guide
surfaces, the arms are forced apart as shown in FIG. 4 until the
wire passes beyond the ledge 45 into the channel 40. Once in the
channel 40, the wire is held in place and in connection with the
terminals by the ledge 45.
In operation, in order to connect an electrical wire to the socket
5, it is hereby necessary to place a wire along the notch-shaped
region defined by the guide surface 42 with one core wire of the
pair of core wires on each guide surface. When a force is applied
to the wire toward the channel 40, the guide surfaces 42 urge the
arms 35 apart permitting the wire to enter the channel 40. The wire
becomes pierced and connected to the terminals 22, 29 of the
pin-tap connectors 18, 24 and are retained in position by the ledge
45 on each arm.
Thus, it can be appreciated from the above that the socket of the
invention provides a one-piece socket construction in which no cap
or cover is required since the arms 35 enclose the wire and retain
it in position in the channel 40. Moreover, the wire can be moved
into connected position in one simple motion. Thus, assembly of the
socket is a simple and expeditious matter.
* * * * *