U.S. patent number 3,656,805 [Application Number 04/857,922] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-18 for chair control and support.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Interroyal Corporation. Invention is credited to Carl J. Engstrom.
United States Patent |
3,656,805 |
Engstrom |
April 18, 1972 |
CHAIR CONTROL AND SUPPORT
Abstract
An improved tilt control and support mechanism for a chair seat
assembly utilizing a simplified sturdy construction wherein a
single plate-like element functions to support the seat assembly
and, in cooperation with an adjustable compression spring,
yieldably restrains the tilt movement of the chair seat in a
uniform and controlled manner to permit the occupant to bring the
chair seat to a comfortable tilted rest position and return it to a
substantially horizontal position.
Inventors: |
Engstrom; Carl J. (Michigan
City, IN) |
Assignee: |
Interroyal Corporation (New
York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25327037 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/857,922 |
Filed: |
September 15, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/303.5;
248/578; 297/302.4; 297/302.6; 248/596 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
7/441 (20130101); A47C 7/443 (20130101); A47C
3/026 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
3/02 (20060101); A47C 3/026 (20060101); A47c
003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/300,301,302,303,304
;248/381,379,380 ;85/35 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: McCall; James T.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a chair having a base, a vertical post supported by said base
and a seat assembly, a chair control and support mechanism
comprising;
a. A bracket secured to the underside of said seat assembly,
b. a plate rigidly mounted on the top of the vertical post for
supporting said bracket, said plate and said bracket each formed of
a single sheet of metal downturned side portions,
c. a horizontal pivot bolt extending through the downturned side
portions of said bracket and the downturned side portions of said
plate rearwardly of said vertical post and defining a pivot axis
for achieving relative tilting movement between said bracket and
said plate, and
d. resilient compressible means acting between said bracket and
said plate to yieldably resist said tilting movement.
2. The invention of claim 1 wherein the plate rigidly mounted on
the top of the vertical post has an angle of tilt of about
4.degree. - 8.degree. with the horizontal whereby the forward end
of the plate is higher in elevation than the rear portion of the
plate.
3. The invention of claim 1 wherein the cap of the screw threadably
engaged to the web of the plate rearwardly of the vertical post
acts as a stop to limit the backward tilting movement of the
bracket secured to the underside of the seat assembly.
4. The invention of claim 1 wherein a bumper of resilient material
mounted on the underside of the web portion of the bracket contacts
the web portion of the plate to the rear of the vertical post
mounting so as to limit the backward tilting movement of the
bracket secured to the underside of the seat assembly.
5. The invention of claim 1 wherein the resilient compressible
means acting between said bracket and said plate comprises a
helical spring having a frustoconical configuration, the end of the
spring having the larger diameter compressively the spring having
the larger diameter compressively engaged to the bottom surface of
the web portion of the plate forward of the vertical post mounting,
and the end of the spring having a smaller diameter retained by a
spindle threadably engaged to a bolt, said bolt passing axially
through the spring, the plate, and anchored to the bracket.
6. The invention of claim 1 wherein a bumper of resilient material
interposed between the web portion of the bracket and the web
portion of the plate forward of the vertical post mounting acts to
cushion the bracket stop against the plate as the chair seat is
returned from the tilt position by the action of the compression
spring.
Description
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a chair having a tiltable seat and more
particularly to a chair seat tilt control and support, more
commonly referred to as a chair iron. Specifically, the invention
is concerned with a chair control and support for providing an
adjustable degree of backward tilt to a chair seat assembly wherein
the magnitude of the tilt and the ease with which the tilting
movement is effected, is readily adjustable by the occupant of the
chair by means of a simple single manually controlled member. An
essential feature of the invention resides in the design of the
mechanism wherein it may be used with a chair seat height adjusting
member which permits the chair seat to pivot or turn horizontally
relative to the chair base, as well as with a chair seat height
adjustable support member not incorporating this feature.
Additionally, the chair control embodiment of this invention is
adaptable for use with chairs having a back assembly integrally
formed with, rigidly attached to, the seat assembly or with chairs
designed and constructed with an independent mechanism for
providing controlled back assembly tilt movement.
In contrast to the chair support and control mechanisms of known
design which, for the most part, are of heavy cast iron
construction, complicated in design, expensive, and limited for use
with a specific type of chair furniture, the chair control of this
invention is distinguished by its relatively simple design,
economic and fool-proof construction and broad application to a
wide variety of chair designs.
Accordingly, among the objects of this invention is a chair control
and support mechanism which permits of convenient and economical
manufacture, which combines simple design features with great
strength, and which lends itself to be utilized with a wide variety
of chair designs.
A more specific object of the invention is improvement in known
chair controls of the prior art in regard to strength and price and
in regard to simplicity of design and of manufacturing and assembly
procedures.
A feature of the invention resides in the compactness of the
structure wherein fewer and less complicated parts are employed
than are found in comparable chair controls of the prior art.
An important feature of the invention is the uniform, yieldably
restraining action of the chair control mechanism to safely and
comfortably provided a tilting movement for the chair seat assembly
as it is urged by the occupant from a horizontal position to a
comfortable backward tilt rest attitude.
Another feature of the invention involves the design of the spring
and the spring compression adjustment control whereby selective
adjustment of the yieldable restraint to backward tilt of the chair
seat is attained by a minimal amount of torque applied to a
hand-manipulated spindle.
Still another feature of the invention resides in the provision of
a resilient, adjustable member to limit the backward tilt of the
chair seat and, in cooperation with the compression spring, to
bring the chair seat to a safe, cushioned stop from its backward
tilt motion.
Additionally, the invention features a chair tilt control mechanism
which has the distinct advantage of versatile utility of use with a
chair of the type with back and seat portions rigidly attached and
which move together as a unit into the tilt position or with a
chair wherein the back portion is independently
tilt-adjustable.
Finally, the chair control mechanism of this invention is equally
adaptable to a chair with or without a revolving seat relative to
the base and to chairs with or without independent seat height
adjustments.
Briefly stated, the objects of this invention are accomplished with
a simplified construction which has for its essential elements a
bracket designed to be attached to under side of a chair seat and
pivotly engaged to the depending flanges of a substantially
horizontal plate which is rigidly mounted on a vertical support
post. An adjustable compression spring acting between the bracket
and the plate yieldably opposes the tilting movement of the bracket
about the pivotal axis whereby a safe, limited degree of chair seat
tilt is effected.
These and further objects, features, and advantages of this
invention will become more fully apparent from or be disclosed in
the following detailed description of the construction when taken
in consideration with the figures of the drawing wherein like
reference characters are employed to designate like parts in the
specification and throughout the several views.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the chair control and support
mechanism shown supporting a chair seat assembly in the non-tilt
position and illustrating the method of mounting the chair control
and support device on a vertical adjustable post supported by the
chair base.
FIG. 2 is an end elevation view of the chair control and support
mechanism of FIG. 1 as viewed from the rear of the chair (not
shown).
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the chair control and support
mechanism of FIG. 2 shown in the tilted position partly in
section.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the compression spring assembly.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the engagement of the plate
with the vertical post.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a pivotal axis arrangement detailing
the bushing construction and assembly.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged rear view of a portion of the chair control
and support illustrating the adjustable screw stop assembly partly
in section.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, a chair seat assembly 10 is supported by a
chair control and support mechanism 14 mounted to the top of a
vertical post 16 rising from and supported by a chair pedestal base
12.
The chair control and support mechanism 14, as shown, is comprised
of a bracket 18 secured, as by means of screws or other suitable
fastening means to the underside of the chair seat assembly 10. The
bracket 18 is formed of a single sheet of metal so as to have
downturned side portions 18A and is drilled with a suitable number
of spaced apertures in its web section 18B to accommodate the
screws, bolts or other suitable means for attachment to the under
side of the seat assembly. The downturned side portions of the
bracket serve to greatly increase the structural strength of the
bracket member and are configurated to accommodate a bolt 20 which
extends horizontally between and through the downturned side
portions 18A beneath and transverse to the web section 18B of the
bracket 18 and is disposed adjacent the vertical post 16.
A plate member 22, also formed from a single sheet of metal and
also having downturned side portions 22A, is positioned in spaced
relation within and beneath the bracket 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the
plate 22 has a configuration similar to that of the bracket 18 but
has smaller dimensions whereby a clearance is provided between each
of the outer surfaces of the downturned side portions 22A of the
plate 22 and each of the inner surfaces of the downturned portions
18A of the overlying bracket member 18.
The bolt 20 which extends horizontally through the downturned side
portions 18A of the bracket 18 also extends through the downturned
side portions 22A of the plate 22 and effects a pivotal engagement
of the bracket with the plate.
FIG. 6 depicts the manner in which the two bushings 24 of nylon, or
similar compressive material nor requiring lubrication, about which
the bolt 20 is journaled, are employed to maintain the space
relationship between the downturned side portions 18A of the
bracket 18 and the downturned side portions 22A of the plate 22.
The shank 24A of each of the bushings is tightly fitted into the
aperture in the plate and the flange portion 24B of each bushing
maintains the space relation between the bracket and the plate side
portions and reduces frictional wear of the bracket as it moves
about the defined pivotal axis. The bolt 20 is held in position
with a spring-steel fastener 26 of the "push-on" type. This method
of securing the bolt avoids axial movement and the possibility of
disengagement of the bolt caused by tilting motion of the bracket
which could occur if a threadably engaged nut were used.
The apertures in the side portions of the bracket and the apertures
in the side portions of the plate for accommodating the bolt are
positioned and aligned to provide a space relation between the web
of the plate 22B and the bracket web portion 18B in the general
area above the pivotal axis, thus permitting the bracket tilting
movement about the pivotal axis defined by the bolt 20 as is best
illustrated in FIG. 2.
Again referring to FIG. 1, the plate 22 is shown mounted on the top
of the vertical post 16 at an acute angle with the horizontal.
Preferably the plate is mounted on the vertical post so as to have
an angle of approximately 8.degree. - 10.degree. with the
horizontal. As shown in FIG. 1, the web portion of the plate and
the web portion of the bracket distal from the pivotal axis
converge when the chair seat is in the non-tilting position. As may
readily be seen, the arrangement effects a slight backward pitch to
the bracket (and the chair seat) and positions the chair seat with
a comfortable forward incline of about 4.degree.-5.degree. when in
the non-tilting position.
As shown (FIGS. 1 and 3), the pivotal engagement of the bracket 18
and the plate 22 is immediately rearward of the vertical post 16.
This arrangement provides optimal structural strength to the
mechanism when the chair is occupied and is in an operative tilting
position (FIG. 3) due to the fact the occupant load forces, which
are borne by the pivotal axis, are translated to the vertical post
with a minimum of angular force resolution form the downward
vertical direction.
Since the pivotal axis is not in true vertical alignment with the
vertical post 16, a certain amount of torque or bending moment is
experienced by the plate 22. As shown in FIG. 5, a structural
stable engagement of the plate with the vertical post is effected
to accommodate any operative bending moment of the plate, thereby
assuring a sturdy and safe mechanism. The plate 22, as shown in
FIG. 5, is pierced and broached to receive the vertical post 16 in
a press fit and the connection of the plate to the vertical post is
further strengthened with a circumferential fillet weld 28 about
the post and the collar 30 formed by the downward extending metal
of the broached plate 22.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, the portion of the plate to the
rear of the pivotal axis is of shorter length than the bracket to
allow for the desired full operative tilting movement of the
bracket. As shown in FIG. 7, an adjustable screw 32 with a cap 34
of resilient rubber-like material is threadably engaged to the
plate 22 for limiting the backward tilting movement of the bracket
18 by making contact with the bracket web 18B at the extreme
backward tilt position of the bracket, thus affording a cushioned
stop for the bracket (and the chair seat assembly attached
thereto).
Preferably, the bracket of the chair control and support mechanism
has about a 14.degree. angle of tilt relative to the horizontal
when it contacts the cap 34 of the adjustable screw 32 threadably
engaged to the plate. As may readily be observed, however, a larger
or smaller angle of tilt of the bracket may be effected by a
suitable adjustment of the screw. Alternatively, in place of the
adjustable screw, a fixed bumper of resilient rubber-like material
attached to the plate (or bracket) can be used to limit the
backward tilt of the bracket and bring the bracket to a cushioned
stop.
Resilient means are incorporated in the structure of the invention
and arranged so as to react between the fixed plate member 22 and
the bracket member 18 to oppose the tilting movement of the
bracket. As shown in FIGS, 1 and 3, a helical spring 36 having a
frustoconical configuration is positioned beneath the fixed plate
22 adjacent to the forward end of the plate 22C. One end of the
spring 36 is compressively engaged with the underside of the plate
22 and the lower end of the spring is retained by a spindle 38
which is threadably engaged to the lower end of a bolt 40 anchored
to the bracket 18 and extending axially through the spring whereby
the spring urges the forward portion of the plate and the bracket
into a contact relationship and opposes a tilting motion of the
bracket relative to the fixed plate.
As illustrated in better detail in FIG. 3, the bolt 40 slidably
extends through a slot in the plate and through a circular hole in
the bracket and is anchored to the bracket by means of a short
cross bar member 42 welded to the upper end of the bolt. A shallow
slot or indentation 18C in the upper surface of the bracket
conforming to the cross bar 42 geometry is provided to retain the
short cross bar and thus prevent the bolt 40 from turning when the
spindle is manipulated to adjust the spring compression.
The frustoconical formation of the helical compression spring 36
permits the spring to "nest" when the chair seat (and the bracket)
is tilted backward and thus the use of a shorter length of
compression spring can be employed than if the spring had a helical
formation of uniform diameter throughout. Additionally, the
frustoconical configuration of the spring permits the use of a
smaller diameter spindle collar 38A to retain the spring and thus
minimizes the contact area of spring with spindle assembly. This
arrangement produces small frictional forces which facilitate
operation of the spindle by requiring a relative small amount of
torque to bring about the selected degree of spring compression for
selecting the desired amount of biasing force opposing the tilting
motion.
A safety feature of considerable importance is incorporated in the
structure of this invention by having the bolt 40 securing the
spring 36 and to which the spindle 38 is threadably engaged, swaged
to prevent the spindle from being removed from the end of the
bolt.
A bumper 44 of resilient material is interposed between the forward
portion of the bracket 18D and the forward portion of the plate 22C
(FIG. 3) in order to prevent metal to metal contact when the
bracket is in the non-tilt position. The bumper serves to dampen or
cushion the bracket stop against the forward portion of the plate
as the chair seat is returned from a tilt position by the action of
the compression spring.
The construction of the chair control and support is such that it
may be plated with facility if desired, unlike items of the prior
art whose design was such that it was practically impossible to
plate. Plating, of course, would add not only to the attractiveness
but also the longevity of the chair control.
The chair control and support of this invention is shown in the
preferred embodiment mounted on a vertical post which is both
height adjustable and which provides a swivel action to the chair
control and support. Understandably, the chair control and support
may be mounted on any convenient mechanism, such as a vertical
post, which is not height adjustable and/or not rotated.
Recapitulating, the structural embodiment of the invention
advantageously maximizes the functional capabilities of a select
limited number of components to effect a unique chair control and
support which has the attributes of more effective and safer
utility, greater versatility, and lower cost when compared to chair
irons of known design.
While the foregoing has illustrated and described what is now
contemplated to be the best mode of carrying out the invention, the
constructions are, of course, subject to modification without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it
is not desired to restrict the invention to the particular forms of
construction illustrated and described, but to cover all
modifications that may fall within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *