U.S. patent number 3,656,402 [Application Number 05/021,581] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-18 for key cutting device.
Invention is credited to George F. French.
United States Patent |
3,656,402 |
French |
April 18, 1972 |
KEY CUTTING DEVICE
Abstract
A device for duplicating a pattern key from a key blank
including a cutting member, a planar surface mounted adjacent the
cutting member, a guide member adapted for engagement with the
pattern key, key holding means holding the pattern key in parallel
face to face registration with the blank stock key and having a
surface in sliding contact with the planar surface for movement of
the stock key against the cutting member and the pattern key
against the guide member.
Inventors: |
French; George F. (Berkeley,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
21805037 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/021,581 |
Filed: |
March 23, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
409/81 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B23C
3/35 (20130101); B23Q 35/46 (20130101); B23Q
35/104 (20130101); Y10T 409/300952 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B23C
3/00 (20060101); B23C 3/35 (20060101); B23Q
35/00 (20060101); B23Q 35/10 (20060101); B23Q
35/46 (20060101); B23c 001/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;90/13.05,13.2 ;83/413
;76/110 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Weidenfeld; Gil
Claims
I claim:
1. A device for duplicating a pattern key by cutting a key from
blank stock comprising:
a. cutting means including an end mill mounted for rotation and
adapted for connection to a power source;
b. a planar surface mounted adjacent said cutting means;
c. guide means including an elongated pin mounted adjacent and in
axially disposed relation to said end mill and adapted for
engagement with said pattern key;
d. said end mill and pin are dimensionally substantially identical
in cross section;
e. keyholding means holding said pattern key in parallel face to
face registration with said blank stock key and having a surface in
sliding contact with said planar surface for conjoint movement of
said stock key against said cutting means and said pattern key
against said guide means; and
f. said keyholding means including first clamping means adapted for
holding said pattern key, second clamping means adapted for holding
said blank stock key, registering means having a first member
disposed between said first clamping means and a second member
disposed between said second clamping means, each member having a
portion adapted for registration with a shoulder of said pattern
and blank keys respectively.
2. A device as described in claim 1 wherein:
a. said registering means members are connected for joint sliding
movement between first and second positions in relation to said
clamps for holding keys of different widths and;
b. a first manually engageable clamp means for locking said
registering means at infinitely varying points between said first
and second positions.
3. A device as described in claim 1 comprising:
a. said first clamping means including an upper flap ad a center
plate;
b. said second clamping means including a lower flap and said
center plate; and
c. second manually engageable clamp means selectively applying a
variable range of clamping force to said first and second clamps
and permitting independent opening and closing of said clamps in
the lower force range.
4. A device as described in claim 3 comprising:
a. said center plate being formed with a pair of registering
means;
b. said upper and lower flaps each being formed with pivoting
members registering with said registering means in said center
plate and permitting pivoting of said flaps for receiving said
keys.
5. A device as described in claim 4 including:
a. spring means biasing said upper and lower flaps toward said
center plate and permitting independent opening of said clamps by
manually pivoting said flaps about said pivoting members.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
All presently known devices for making duplicates of standard keys
clamp the pattern and blank keys in side by side relation. Because
of the distance between the keys, no visual alignment comparison is
possible and therefore very accurate clamping means are required.
In addition, slight misalignments results in miscut keys.
Most key making devices employ a cutter wheel to cut the new key
from blank stock which, in time, becomes worn thereby changing the
diameter of the cutter wheel. Unless periodic adjustment is made to
compensate for this progressive wear in the cutter wheel, the depth
of the cut in the blank will not conform to the depth of cut in the
pattern key resulting in miscut and unusable keys.
Because of the manner in which present devices clamp the keys,
i.e., side by side; there is no way to check the accuracy of the
cuts in the blank with the pattern key except by unclamping the two
keys from the device. If the cuts are imperfect, the keys must be
placed back in the machine, registered, reclamped, and recut.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The gist of the present invention is the use of an end mill in
combination with a novel clamping means which clamps the pattern
and blank keys in face to face relation.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device which
will virtually eliminate the miscutting of keys because the face to
face positioning of the keys permits instant visual comparison
before the keys are unclamped.
A further object is to provide a device which can cut a key more
quickly than present devices; requires no deburring and requires no
mechanical adjustment even if the cutting member becomes dulled by
long use.
A further object is to provide a device which is virtually trouble
free and will cut a substantially greater number of keys than
present devices before the need to replace the cutting member
occurs.
Another object is to provide a keyholder which will accept a wide
range of key widths and single or double-sided keys without the
need for separate key rests, blocks or other adapters.
Still another object is to provide a safe, compact device which is
constructed from a few rugged and inexpensive parts.
A still further object is to provide a device which does not
require any special training to operate or the wearing of any
protecting equipment during the making of keys.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the device made in accordance with the
present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the device shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the device shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the key holding member shown in FIG. 1
made in accordance with the present invention and shown on an
enlarged scale.
FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of the key holder shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a side elevation of the device shown in FIG. 4 with
portions in cross section taken substantially along the line
6--6.
FIG. 7 is an end elevation of the device shown in FIG. 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The invention is a device for duplicating a pattern key 2 by
cutting a key from blank stock 3 which consists briefly of cutting
means 4, a planar surface 6 mounted adjacent the cutting means and
adapted for engagement with the pattern key, keyholding means 8
holding the pattern key in parallel face to face registration with
the blank stock key and having a surface 9 in sliding contact with
the planar surface for conjoint movement of the stock key against
the cutting means and the pattern key against the guide means.
The cutting means includes an end mill mounted for rotation and
connected to an electric motor 11 connected to a frame 12. The end
mill is shown mounted vertically with the mill above the motor, but
the reverse position of the mill and motor could be used.
The device is constructed with a base 13 having walls 14 supporting
a table 16. The table and its top surface are dimensioned to permit
the keyholder to rest thereon in all positions while the operator
is cutting a key.
The guide means and cutting means are mounted in axially disposed
relation to each other with only a slight separation between their
ends to prevent contact. The guide means, as here shown, is an
elongated pin which is dimensionally substantially identical in
cross section to the end mill. The pin depends from a support 17
having an upstanding portion 18 which serves as a guard for the end
mill and a cantilevered portion 19 which holds the guide pin and
serves as a guard protecting the end of the cutting means. One
purpose of pedestal 21 is to prevent nearly all portions of the key
holder except that vise portion from coming in contact accidentally
with the end mill.
The keyholding means consists of a first clamping means adapted for
holding the pattern key, a second clamping means adapted for
holding the blank stock key, registering means having a first
member 22 disposed between the first clamping means and a second
member 23 disposed between the second clamping means, each member
having a portion adapted for registration with a shoulder 26 of the
pattern key and a shoulder 27 of the blank key.
The first clamping means includes an upper flap 28 and a center
plate 29. The second clamping means includes a lower flap 31 and
the same center plate. Several ways could be provided for applying
the clamping force, with the preferred embodiment being shown in
the drawings. The top and bottom flaps are formed with openings 32
and 33 with the opening in the bottom flap being threaded to
receive a threaded end 34 of a shaft 36 which passes through an
opening 37 in the center plate. A second manually engageable thumb
screw 38 is connected to the shaft and bearing means 39 may be
inserted between an annular face 41 on the handle and the top
surface of the top flap to permit easier turning of the handle to
apply a relatively greater clamping force. The pattern key is held
between a jaw face 42 on the upper flap and the center plate, and
the blank stock key is held between a jaw face 43 and the center
plate. The center plate should be thick enough to provide
convenient separation between the keys.
A feature of the present invention is the ability of the key holder
to handle keys of different widths. This is accomplished by
providing an adjustment in the first and second registering
members. Preferably, the members are connected, or as here shown,
the members are actually a single sheet of metal bent in a U-form.
The members straddle the center plate and slide thereon.
Longitudinal sliding is maintained by providing the key holder with
a pair of legs 46 and 47. Elongated slots 44 and 45 in the members
permit passage of the shaft of the clamp and sliding movement of
the members. As here shown, the center plate is formed with a
channel shape thereby providing the legs. The sides of the
registering members slidably mate with the inside faces 48 and 49
of the legs.
Infinitely varying locking between first and second positions in
the registering means is obtained by providing a first manually
engageable clamp means here consisting of a finger engageable knob
50 at the end of a threaded bolt 51 which passes through openings
52 and 53 in the registering members and slotted opening 54 in the
center plate to a threaded nut 55 preferably connected to the lower
edge of the lower member. When the knob is turned, a land 56 on the
underside of the knob presses down on the upper registering member
while the lower registering member is pulled upwardly in frictional
engagement with the center plate.
Another feature of the present invention is the ability of the
holding member to hold one key in clamped position while the other
clamp is operated to receive and hold a second key. This function
is accomplished by a unique combination of pivots (which also serve
as a registering means) and a single spring. The construction is
best shown in FIG. 6. The center plate is formed with a pair of
registering means which are here shown as a pair of openings 61 and
62. The upper and lower flaps each are formed with pivoting
members, here shown as rivets with half round heads 63, 64, 66 and
67 which register with the openings in the center plate. The half
round heads hold the upper and lower flaps away from the surface of
the center plate and permit the flaps to pivot so as to open and
close the jaws of the clamps. The half round heads and openings in
the center plate are placed so that they also perform the function
of aligning the faces of the clamp jaws. This alignment of the face
jaws is important for clamping of the keys but it also thrusts the
face of the upper flange slightly forwardly of the lower flap so
that when the keyholder is not holding any keys, the upper flap
will come in contact with the guide pin thereby preventing the
forward edge of the lower flap, which is typically made of ductile
iron, from accidentally coming in contact with the end mill,
typically rotating at 5,000 rpm, and dulling the cutting edges.
Spring means 71 mounted coaxially on the shaft of the manually
engageable thumb-screw handle between the annular face on the
handle and the top of the top flap biases the upper and lower flaps
toward the center plate and permits independent opening of the
clamps while holding a key in the other clamp.
Because the upper and lower vise flaps swing in an arc while
pivoting, it is necessary to form the openings in the upper flap,
the registering members and the center plate, larger than the shaft
of the manually engageable handle so that the shaft will not bind
on the sides of the openings. To facilitate pivoting, a protrusion
76 is formed integrally with the lower flap with a slanted pressure
point 77 and a similar protrustion 78 and slanted pressure point 79
is formed on the upper flap.
In order to check the accuracy of the cuts, a register post means
is provided which consists of a linear edge 81 adjacent the planar
surface and mounted parallel to the axis of the cutting means. This
linear edge is here formed as a protrusion on a stub shaft 82 which
may be lowered by registering the linear edge with a gap 83 in a
washer 84 and pulling on pin 86.
In operation, the thumb screw is loosened and a blank key is
inserted in the lower jaws by squeezing the lower vise flap toward
the center plate with, e.g., the right index finger on the pressure
point of the lower flap and the right thumb on top of the center
plate. This causes the lower flap to rock on heads 63 and 64,
pulling the shaft downwardly against the bias of spring 61. Upon
release of pressure, the spring holds the key firmly in the jaws of
the clamp. The shoulder of the blank key should be brought into
registration with the side 90 or 91 of the registration member and
the back of the key 92 should fit snugly against the front edge 93
of the registration member.
The original or pattern key is then inserted between the upper flap
and center plate by squeezing the upper vise flap at the pressure
point. The upper flap rocks on pivot points 66 and 67 and
compresses the spring 71. When the pressure is released the spring
biases the upper jaws against the pattern key holding it firmly in
place. Adjustment of the pattern key to register the key shoulder
against edges 96 or 97 and the key 98 against register edge 99 may
be accomplished against the spring pressure. When the two keys are
in perfect alignment, the thumb screw is further tightened and the
blank key is ready to be cut.
The motor is turned on as by flipping switch handle 101, the key
holder is slid across the planar surface. To prevent scratching of
the surface, the sliding surfaces of the key holder may be coated
or fitted with plastic shoes here shown as U-shaped members 9
frictionally fit on the legs 46 and 47. The pattern key is brought
into contact with the guide pin 7 and made to move through and to
the bottom of each successive cut in the original key. The end mill
simultaneously cuts corresponding cuts in the blank.
After the blank key is cut, the accuracy of the cuts may be
visually checked without removing either key from the keyholder by
merely holding the keys up to the eye and comparing the pattern key
with the newly cut key. Very small miscuts are instantly apparent
by this eye comparison.
Another comparison can be made by merely sliding the key holder
across the planar surface to the register post means. The pattern
key is brought into contact with the linear edge 81 and the
relation of the cuts in the new key with the linear edge is
compared. If there is good registration of the new cuts with the
linear edge at all points the key is perfectly cut. Should some
misalignment occur, or a cut is not completed or perfectly made,
the operator can re-make the cut without removing either key from
the key holder.
* * * * *