U.S. patent number 3,655,135 [Application Number 05/050,511] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-11 for steam outlet head with a dispenser for a fragrance or medicant.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Thermasol, Ltd.. Invention is credited to David Altman, Murray Altman, Seymour E. Altman.
United States Patent |
3,655,135 |
Altman , et al. |
April 11, 1972 |
STEAM OUTLET HEAD WITH A DISPENSER FOR A FRAGRANCE OR MEDICANT
Abstract
A steam outlet head is disclosed having inlet and outlet ports
and a connecting interior channel for passage of steam through the
head. A reservoir for a fragrance or medicant is positioned on top
of the head and an orifice connects the reservoir with the channel
to mix the fragrance or medicant with the steam passing through the
head. The orifice is sized and positioned such that the flow of
fragrance or medicant is effected substantially by the flow of
steam through the head.
Inventors: |
Altman; Murray (Scarsdale,
NY), Altman; David (Bronx, NY), Altman; Seymour E.
(Queen's Village, NY) |
Assignee: |
Thermasol, Ltd. (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
21965662 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/050,511 |
Filed: |
June 29, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/310; 239/136;
239/316; 239/318; 239/521 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61H
33/063 (20130101); A47K 5/12 (20130101); A47K
17/00 (20130101); E03C 1/046 (20130101); A61H
2033/044 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47K
5/00 (20060101); A47K 5/12 (20060101); A47K
17/00 (20060101); A61H 33/06 (20060101); E03C
1/04 (20060101); E03C 1/046 (20060101); A61H
33/04 (20060101); A62c 005/02 (); B05b
007/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/310,314,315,316X,317,318X,521X,523,379,135,136X,37,434
;4/145,146 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. For use with a steam generating unit for supplying steam to a
steam bath enclosure, a steam outlet head for dispersing steam and
a fragrant or medicant substance comprising a body having an inlet
port and a downwardly directed outlet port, the inlet port being
adapted to receive steam from the steam generating unit, a channel
connecting said ports for passage of steam through said body, a
front face on the outlet side of said body forming an abutment
aligned with said channel, a reservoir for said substance on said
body and in heat exchange therewith, the reservoir being exposed to
the surrounding atmosphere, an orifice connecting said reservoir
with said channel for passage of said substance form the reservoir
to the channel for mixture with and dispersion by said steam, the
orifice having a size which precludes passage of the substance
through the orifice by gravity, the channel size and steam supply
providing a steam velocity adjacent the orifice to effect passage
of the substance through the orifice to the channel.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said orifice has a
first end at said reservoir and a second end at said channel, said
second end being displaced longitudinally with respect to said
first end in the direction flow of steam through said channel.
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said orifice is
positioned toward said inlet port.
4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said outlet port
has an opening extending over an angle of at least 180.degree.
.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said reservoir is a
recess formed in the top of said body.
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said reservoir
includes a reservoir wall extending above the top of said body.
7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said orifice has a
diameter between 0.03125 and 0.04125 inch.
8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 7 wherein said supply
pressure is approximately 0.125 p.s.i.g. and wherein said interior
channel has a diameter of about 0.500 inch.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to steam bath equipment
and, more particularly, to steam outlet devices which disperse a
fragrance or medicant throughout a steam bath enclosure.
Steam bath installations have long been popular in health clubs,
gymnasiums, and resorts. Recently, simple and efficient
professional installation of compact steam units has made the steam
bath available for use in homes, apartments and offices. Because of
the compact design of equipment, conventional home bathtub and
shower stall facilities can be adapted relatively inexpensively for
use also as a steam bath. One example of this type of steam bath
facility is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,007,178, issued to M. Altman
et al., on Nov. 7, 1961.
In a typical residential installation, the steam bath system has a
compact steam generator which may be mounted in a closet, vanity,
basement or in any other convenient space. In many modern bathroom
installations, the enclosure for the steam bath may be formed by
providing sliding doors from the edge of the bathtub to the
ceiling. Steam, supplied by the steam generating unit, is
transmitted by a pipeline to an outlet within the steam enclosure.
A timing device or other switch may be provided to deactivate the
steam generator without the need for the bather to leave the steam
enclosure.
It is desirable in steam bath facilities to be able to disperse a
fragrance or medicant with the steam throughout the enclosure. It
is desirable also to disperse the steam and fragrance or medicant
rapidly and evenly without tending to scald the bather. In the
present invention a steam outlet device is provided for use with
commercial and residential steam baths which is capable of
dispersing a fragrance or medicant automatically with the steam in
a steam bath in an even and rapid manner without scalding of the
bather.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The steam outlet head of the present invention has a central body
portion with inlet and outlet ports and a connection interior
channel to provide for the passage of steam form a supply pipe to
the interior of the steam enclosure. One or more supply outlet
ports are positioned on the underside of the body and extend over a
substantial portion of the underside, preferably an angle greater
than 180.degree., to permit steam to escape from the bottom and
sides of the head. The outlet head is mounted near the floor of the
enclosure and has a front face which directs the steam downwardly
through the outlet port. Since steam rises once it has escaped from
the outlet head the location of the head near the enclosure floor
combined with the openings at the bottom and sides of the head
provide for rapid and effective dispersement of the steam
throughout the enclosure. The steam is directed away from the
bather since it is initially forced downwardly through the outlet
port. In addition, since the steam emerges from around the entire
lower half of the outlet head and rises and surrounds the outlet
head, the bather will not get near enough to touch the head
accidentally and get burned on the hot metal body of the outlet
head.
In accordance with the present invention, the top of the steam head
has a reservoir in which a desired fragrance or medicant can be
placed. The medicant may be helpful to restore free breathing by
clearing blocked sinus passages. In general, the reservoir may be
any size or shape which is suitable to hold the fragrance or
medicant. The fragrance or medicant in the reservoir initially may
be in the form of a gel rather than a liquid but the gel must be
readily meltable by the heat from the steam head into a liquid.
In order to disperse the fragrance or medicant within the steam
enclosure, an orifice is provided in the outlet head between the
reservoir and the interior channel. The orifice is sufficiently
small in size so that the liquid in the reservoir will not flow
into the interior channel by the force of gravity alone. When the
steam is flowing through the outlet head, however, a reduced
pressure on the interior of the channel combined with a capillary
movement in the small orifice causes the liquid to be drawn through
the orifice from the reservoir so that the liquid is dispersed
within the steam in the outlet head. This dispersion is increased
because of the generally turbulent flow of steam caused by the
deflection of the steam downwardly through the outlet port. The
steam and fragrance or medicant mixture is then rapidly dispersed
throughout the steam enclosure by the normal movement of the
expanding steam.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional bathroom shower
facility installed with a steam bath enclosure and the steam outlet
head of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the steam
outlet head of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the first embodiment of the steam outlet
head of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the first embodiment of the steam outlet
head of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an end view of the first embodiment of the steam outlet
head of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 shows a conventional residential steam bath enclosure
installed in a typical modern bathroom shower facility. The
enclosure is defined by the bathtub 10, the walls 12, 14 and 16,
the ceiling 18 and the sliding doors 20 and 22. The enclosure has a
conventional shower outlet 24 and, for convenience, may be supplied
with a suitable seating device such as a bench 26. The enclosure
shown in FIG. 1 is described for illustrative purposes only and it
should be understood that use of the present steam outlet head is
not limited to the type of enclosure shown.
A steam generating unit 30 is shown for simplicity of illustration
hidden beneath the bathroom floor 32. Water is supplied to the
generator 30 through water inlet 34 and steam is passed out of the
generator through outlet 36. Steam is supplied to the steam
enclosure by a conduit 38. A steam outlet head, such as the steam
outlet head 40 of the present invention, is attached at the end of
the steam conduit 38 on the wall 16 within the steam enclosure.
Commonly, the outlet head is positioned near the bottom of the
steam enclosure slightly above the bathtub 10 since steam will
readily rise to fill the entire enclosure. An optional timer
control 41 or other conventional switching devices may be
electrically connected to the steam generator 30 to control the
time when it is in operation. Steam generating units such as unit
30 are commercially available, such as from Thermasol, Ltd., New
York, New York.
A first embodiment of the steam outlet head of the present
invention, which may be used in the illustrative steam bath
enclosure of FIG. 1, is shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5. The steam
outlet head 40 has a body portion 42, an inlet port 44 and an
outlet port 46. An interior channel 48 connects the inlet port 44
with the outlet port 46 to permit steam supplied to inlet port 44
from the supply conduit 38 to pass through the head and into the
steam enclosure.
The outlet port 46 is positioned on the underside of the steam head
40 and has an opening that extends over a substantial portion of
the lower side, preferably through an angle which exceeds
180.degree., to permit rapid distribution of steam within the
enclosure. The outlet port 46 connects with the interior channel 48
to permit steam to escape from both the sides and from the bottom
of the steam head. The body 42 has a front face 50 which deflects
the steam in the channel 48 downward through the outlet port 46 so
that the steam is directed away from the bather. Since the steam
expands and rises when it leaves the outlet port, the entire outlet
head will be surrounded with steam to prevent inadvertent burning
of the bather by the hot metal body of the head.
The inlet port 44 preferably is cylindrical in cross section and
has interior helical threads for ready mating with similar threads
on the supply conduit 38. As shown in the drawings, the body
portion 42 preferably has a hexagonal cross section which is
readily engageable with a wrench to screw the outlet head onto the
supply conduit 38. The cylindrical extension 52 at the rear of the
body 42 provides for replacement of a washer shield between the
rear face of the body 42 and the wall 16 to seal the opening in the
wall through which the conduit enters the steam bath enclosure.
In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4
and 5, a reservoir 54 is formed by a recess in the top of the body
42. The reservoir 54 is suitable for holding a liquid, such as a
desirable fragrance or a medicant that is beneficial for use during
the steam bath. Preferably, the fragrance or medicant at room
temperature is in the form of a gel. The heat of the steam outlet
head 40 during the steam bath would then serve to melt the gel to
form a liquid. A gel is preferable since it will not evaporate, be
diluted by shower water or otherwise wasted when the steam outlet
head is not in use.
An orifice 56 connects the bottom of the reservoir 54 with the
interior channel 48. The orifice 56 is provided to transfer the
liquid fragrance or medicant in the reservoir 54 to the interior
chamber 48 where it mixes with the steam and is carried out through
the outlet port 46. Since the liquid will be mixed directly with
the steam in the channel 48, it will be dispersed quickly and
effectively with the steam throughout the enclosure. The orifice 56
is small enough so that the liquid in the reservoir 54 will not
flow by gravity alone into the chamber 48. When the steam head is
in use, however, the steam pressure within the channel 48 is such
that the liquid is drawn through the orifice 56 and into the
chamber to mix with the steam. In order for the liquid to be drawn
through the orifice 56 the pressure within the channel 48 should be
lower than the atmospheric pressure on the reservoir 54. The steam
supply conditions and the diameter of the channel 48 are chosen
such that the pressure drop across the orifice 56 is sufficient to
draw the liquid through the orifice at the desired rate. The steam
traveling through the channel 48 moves at a relatively high
velocity and escapes rapidly out of the outlet port 46. The
combined effect of the low supply pressure and relatively high
velocity of the steam insures that the liquid is drawn into the
channel 48 for direct mixture with the steam. Furthermore, by
capillary action, the liquid is exposed to the flowing steam and
evaporates into the steam.
It may be noted that some evaporation of the liquid in the
reservoir directly into the steam enclosure will take place because
of the heat of the outlet head. This added effect is desirable to
increase the dispersion of the fragrance or medicant within the
enclosure. The primary cause of the dispersion, however, is the
direct mixture within the channel 48 through orifice 56.
As shown in the drawings, the orifice 56 is positioned toward the
inlet port 44 at the rear of the steam head so that the liquid has
time to mix fully with the steam before it is forced out of the
outlet port 46. The mixture of the liquid with the steam is
enhanced by the fact that the flow of steam near the outlet port 46
will be turbulent because the face 50 forces the steam to change
direction abruptly and move downwardly out of the outlet port 46.
In addition, positioning the orifice 56 toward the rear and away
from the outlet port maximizes the effect of the pressure drop
across the orifice 56 due to the higher velocity of the steam
within the channel 48 away from the outlet port.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown most clearly
in FIG. 3, the orifice 56 is inclined at an angle from the vertical
toward the outlet port 46 and away from the inlet port 44 in the
channel 48. The inclined orifice helps to prevent steam from
dynamically entering the orifice 56 and preventing the liquid form
flowing into the channel 48.
It has been found that the orifice 56 may have a diameter between
0.03125 and 0.04125 inch to prevent any substantial flow of liquid
from the reservoir by the force of gravity alone while providing
for a sufficient rate of flow of liquid when the outlet head is in
use. In addition, with a supply pressure of 0.125 p.s.i.g. the
channel 48 may have a diameter of 0.500 inch to provide the proper
differential pressure at the orifice 56 for the transfer of liquid
from the reservoir 54 when the outlet head is in use.
An alternative embodiment of the steam outlet head of the present
invention is shown in FIG. 6. The outlet head 60, shown in FIG. 6,
is identical to the steam head 40, shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5,
except that a reservoir wall 62 is added around the reservoir
formed at the top of the head and, in place of a single outlet port
46, a plurality of outlet ports 64 are positioned around the lower
portion of the head. The reservoir wall 62 increases the effective
capacity of the reservoir so that a greater amount of liquid
fragrance or medicant may be stored in the reservoir without the
need for refilling the reservoir at relatively frequent intervals.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 with the large reservoir is,
therefore, more suitable for relatively large commercial steam bath
installations wherein the steam head has more continuous use and
serves a greater volume.
As may be appreciated from the discussions above, the steam outlet
head of the present invention provides a simple and efficient
method for dispersing a fragrance or medicant within both
residential and commercial steam bath enclosures without the need
for moveable parts or other complicated apparatus. Since the
fragrance or medicant is mixed directly with the steam, it is
quickly and efficiently dispersed throughout the steam bath
enclosure. In addition, since the steam outlet head has an outlet
port or ports that extend over a wide angle, the steam with the
fragrance or medicant is also dispersed relatively evenly
throughout the enclosure so that the desired effect is produced
evenly and rapidly.
* * * * *