U.S. patent number 3,654,471 [Application Number 04/874,571] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-04 for reflector device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to A. B. Infrarodteknik. Invention is credited to Hans Erik Nilsson.
United States Patent |
3,654,471 |
Nilsson |
April 4, 1972 |
REFLECTOR DEVICE
Abstract
A device for reflecting electromagnetic radiation from an
elongated radiation source comprising a profiled holder formed as a
body having a cavity that provides a supporting surface for a
reflecting metal strip. The supporting surface is shaped to
partially surround said radiation source and the surface defines a
groove preferably arranged behind the radiation source. The
reflecting metal strip is secured to the holder by stop members
integral with the body of the holder which elastically inflect the
reflecting metal strip against the supporting surface. The width of
the reflecting metal strip is chosen so that the reflecting metal
strip is kept permanently flexed into the groove under elastic
deformation in its mounted position throughout the operating
temperature range.
Inventors: |
Nilsson; Hans Erik (Stockholm,
SW) |
Assignee: |
A. B. Infrarodteknik
(Stockholm, SW)
|
Family
ID: |
20300631 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/874,571 |
Filed: |
November 6, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Nov 13, 1968 [SW] |
|
|
15424/68 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
250/505.1;
362/296.05; 362/296.04; 362/294; 362/320; 392/421; 392/424 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B
5/10 (20130101); F21V 7/10 (20130101); F21V
17/16 (20130101); H05B 3/009 (20130101); F24C
7/065 (20130101); F21Y 2103/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24C
7/06 (20060101); F21V 29/00 (20060101); F21V
7/10 (20060101); F21V 7/00 (20060101); F24C
7/00 (20060101); F21V 29/02 (20060101); F21V
17/00 (20060101); F21V 17/16 (20060101); G02B
5/10 (20060101); H05B 3/00 (20060101); H01j
035/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;250/85
;240/47R,47X,51.11X,51.11R,9A,41.25,41.3,41.5,41.55
;219/352,339,342,343,347,348 ;313/11,17,25 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawrence; James W.
Assistant Examiner: Nelms; D. C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A reflector device for an elongated radiation source comprising
a profiled holder formed as a body having an elongated cavity, said
body having a surface defining said cavity that is shaped to
partially surround said radiation source, said surface having a
reentrant portion defining a longitudinally extending groove
adjacent said cavity, the main axis of the cavity and the
longitudinal axis of said groove being substantially parallel to
each other and with the longitudinal axis of said radiation source,
a radiation reflecting metal strip within said cavity, and stop
members provided at edges of said body adjacent the cavity for
engagement with corresponding edges of said reflecting metal strip,
thereby causing said reflecting metal strip to elastically inflect
against said cavity surface, said reflecting metal strip having a
width which keeps said reflecting metal strip permanently flexed
into the groove under elastic deformation while in a mounted
position.
2. A reflector device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a
source of a cooling medium, cooling channels within said body for
distributing said cooling medium, and means for passing said
cooling medium over said reflecting metal strip, said means
comprising openings in said reflecting metal strip at locations
over the length of the cooling channels where said reflecting metal
strip covers the cooling channels, and a plurality of lugs forced
through the reflecting metal strip at said locations to form
gill-shaped guiding members for the cooling medium emanating
through the openings, said lugs being arranged and directed to
guide the cooling medium to sweep along the surface of the
reflecting metal strip in paths traverse to the longitudinal axis
of the radiation source.
3. A reflector device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a
viscous heat conducting material between the cavity surface and the
reflecting metal strip to increase the heat transfer from the
reflecting metal strip to the body of the holder.
4. A reflector device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said groove and
said reflecting metal strip form a channel for connection to a
source of cooling medium and said body provides a plurality of
parallel channels, a first channel being connected to said source
of cooling medium and remaining channels being connected through
transversal connections with said first channel forming a net of
cooling channels.
5. A reflector device for an elongated radiation source comprising
a profiled holder formed as a body having an elongated cavity, said
body having a surface defining said cavity that is shaped to
partially surround said elongated radiation source, said surface
having a reetrant part defining a longitudinally extending groove
adjacent said cavity, the main axis of the cavity and the
longitudinal axis of said groove being substantially parallel to
each other and with the longitudinal axis of said elongated
radiation source, said profiled holder having outside longitudinal
slits, the cross-section of said slits having a wider inner portion
and a narrower outer portion for interconnecting with adjacent
reflector devices, a radiation reflecting metal strip within said
cavity, stop members integral with said body at parallel edges of
said body adjacent the cavity for engagement with the parallel
edges of said reflecting metal strip thereby causing said
reflecting metal strip to elastically inflect against said cavity
surface, said reflecting metal strip having a width to keep said
reflecting metal strip permanently flexed into the groove under
elastic deformation in its mounted position, a source of cooling
medium, said groove and the reflector strip forming a channel for
connection to said source, a plurality of parallel channels within
said reflector body, one channel being connected to said source and
the remaining channels being connected through transversal
connections to form a net of cooling channels, said channels being
shaped so that said cooling medium is supplied to opposite ends of
the elongated radiation source, said reflecting metal strip
provided with openings over the length of the channels at places
where said strip covers the cooling channels for distributing the
cooling medium over the surface of the reflecting metal strip, a
plurality of lugs forced through said strip at said places to form
gill-shaped guiding members with said strip for the cooling medium
emanating through the openings, said lugs being arranged and
directed to guide the cooling medium to sweep along the surface of
the reflecting strip in paths transversal to the longitudinal axis
of said radiation source, and a viscous heat conducting material
between the supporting surface and the reflector strip for
increasing the heat transfer from the reflector strip to the
reflector body.
Description
Devices for reflection of electromagnetic radiation transmitted
from cylindrical or linear bodies at high temperature and
manufactured by extruded metallic profiles, the reflecting surfaces
of which have been treated and/or coated with reflecting layer and
possibly also with protective layer directly in or on the base
material, are previously known.
Reflectors built up in this way, however, suffer from several
essential drawbacks, resulting in that they cannot be used without
problems together with the modern radiation sources having
temperatures up to 3,000.degree. K and more which are now
available. Here only a few of these drawbacks will be
mentioned:
1. A complicated and expensive procedure for manufacturing the
reflecting surface.
2. At a heavy dirtying of the reflecting surface of the reflector
it is often necessary to replace the whole reflector, as a repair
of the reflector is too expensive and it will often be less
expensive to buy a new reflector.
3. In order to prevent dirtying of the reflector surfaces, the
reflectors are often provided with a glass window, or at higher
thermal loading with a window of quartz. This window is in the
first hand mechanically very fragile and in second hand it is
extremely sensitive for impurities, which due to the high
temperature can easily be burnt into the material, which rapidly
loses its transparency resulting in a lowering of the efficiency of
the reflector.
The present invention refers to a new construction of such a
reflector device for reflection of radiation transmitted from a
cylindric or linear radiation source preferably at high
temperature, disposed so that the main axis of the reflection
surface is substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the
radiation source whereby not only these previously mentioned
drawbacks have been eliminated but furthermore simultaneously other
essential technical effects have been achieved. Besides the
principle construction of the reflector as described more closely
in the following, the invention also refers to a system for cooling
of the reflector body, reflector surface and radiation source.
The reflector device according to the invention, which is
especially, although not limitative, suitable for infrared
radiation devices, is characterized in that the holder is formed as
a body with a supporting surface for a radiation reflecting metal
strip, this body at parallel edges being provided with stopmembers
each for engagement with one of parallel rims of the reflecting
strip which is elastically inflected against the supporting
surface, this supporting surface being provided with at least one
groove for enabling the stripmaterial, held between said
stopmembers to be flexed therein under elastic deformation, the
longitudinal direction of this groove being parallel with the said
main axis.
This device thus consists substantially of a reflector body which
is shaped optically-geometrically in a suitable manner and a
flexible strip adapted to the same reflector body will in this way
serve as a holder both for the electro magnetic radiation source
and the strip. The strip, which is resiliently fastened in the
reflector body, will by its flexibility and resiliency be pressed
against the geometrically shaped surface of the said body. The
flexible metallic strip has such a surface or is possibly coated
such that a reflection, which is well adapted to the radiation
source in question, is produced.
Thus the reflector built up according to the present invention is
in principle composed by a shaped body and a strip element, which
can both be manufactured in continuous processes, and the elements
can be cut to suitable lengths and joined in a simple manner.
Devices manufactured in a running process will be cheaper than
corresponding devices made and treated in another manner.
Furthermore the strips can easily be replaced when required, and,
as this will cost only a small portion of the whole reflector, the
use will be essentially cheaper than in the known devices. As an
example of a combination according to the invention the shaped body
can consist of an extruded aluminum profile and the reflection
strip can consist of a cold-rolled, thin, flexible metal strip
provided with a reflecting layer.
In the reflector device according to the invention, in which the
supporting surface of the body has at least one longitudinal
groove, the reflective metal strip is fastened in the reflector
body such that the heat extension, if any, will press the strip
against the reflector body, whereby the increased pressure will
improve the heat transmission and the cooling of the reflective
metal strip by heat conduction. The groove in the supporting
surface should be such shaped that it will not disturb or only
disturb in a small degree the geometric formation of the reflector
strip against the reflector body and that it can contain the excess
of material flexed into the groove under elastic deformation by the
heat extension due to the fact that the reflector strip has a
higher temperature than the reflector body. Also in the event that
a strip is taken which is wider than the arc length of the
geometrical surface of the reflector body, excessive material of
the reflector strip can be flexed into the groove.
It has been proved in practice that the groove furthermore in a
non-predictable manner enables a rational introducing of the
reflector strip at the mounting or replacement, which, without the
said recess, were impossible to carry through under fulfilment of
the technically important requirement that the reflector strip
shall be effectively pressed against and fill the geometric shape
of the reflector body.
In a further embodiment of the reflector device according to the
invention the longitudinal groove is arranged substantially behind
the radiation source as seen from the main direction of reflected
radiation.
In another embodiment the stopmembers are formed integral with the
said reflector body. Thus two parallel fixed ledges are formed as
stopmembers for the flexible reflective strip.
In using a reflective strip, to be inflected against the shaped
body, the device is thus provided with at least one channel,
defined by the walls of the groove and the strip covering this
groove. According to a further aspect of the invention this channel
can be used as a cooling channel for which it must be adapted for
being connected to a source of cooling medium. In such a device a
gaseous cooling medium can suitably be distributed via a centrally
situated inlet. If desired a number of interconnected parallel
channels can be formed in the strip supporting surface of the body;
in that case the device is provided with a net of channels. A
condition for the placing and shaping of these channels is of
course that they will not appreciably influence the shaping of the
reflector strip in the reflector body, also with regard taken to
the placing of the reflector strip with its resilient contact with
the reflector body.
The radiation source may be a tubular incandescent lamp, consisting
of a quartz tube, which in its center has a helically wound
filament. The electrical lead-out conductors are situated at the
ends of the quartz tube and hermetically sealed thereto at a
foliated portion of the conductors. As quartz and metal have
essentially differing heat expansion coefficients, it is important
to keep their temperature in use as low as possible so as to
increase the life-length of the lamp. According to an embodiment of
the device the aforementioned channel is so shaped that the cooling
medium is applied to the both ends of the radiation source. In the
simpliest way this may be produced thereby that the reflector strip
has its ends close to the ends of the lamps, whereby the cooling
medium will flow over the ends of the lamp.
According to a further aspect of the invention the reflector device
according to the invention is characterized in that the reflector
strip at places where it covers the cooling channel or channels, is
provided with a number of openings all over the length of the
channel for distributing the cooling medium over the reflective
surface of the strip.
Preferably the openings are associated with gill-shaped lugs forced
through the strip, which are arranged and directed so as to guide
the cooling medium to sweep along the surface of the reflecting
strips in paths transversal to the longitudinal axis of the
radiation source.
Cooling medium under pressure escaping from these openings will
then due to known physical laws not only cool the reflector body
and the reflector strip but also the radiation source itself which
is directly and or indirectly influenced by the said cooling
medium. By this aspect of the invention the now heated cooling air
can leave the reflector in its optical opening whereby the escaping
gaseous medium besides the cooling effect on the whole system will
also act as a barrier for dirt, dust or other particles or
substances in the surroundings, which are harmful for the surfaces
of the reflector, and furthermore in such drying processes or other
processes, where the radiator in question is used for vaporization
or release of other substances in the radiated medium, act to
effectively remove these and thereby in the case of drying will
appreciably accelerate the process.
It is also assumed and proved that the cooling effect will be
mainly the same if the reflector body at cooling with a gaseous
medium is provided with a window in its optical opening, which is
transparent for the radiation in question. The ends of the
reflector will of course allow free escape for the cooling
medium.
The said reflector bodies are further shaped such that they can be
joined together to a system of reflectors, without need for any
outer supporting construction elements. The reflector bodies can
for this purpose for example be provided with corresponding
T-shaped grooves or grooves of other shape, which together with a
suitably wedge-shaped profile element adapted to the said grooves
will form a rigid and supporting joint.
By the described invention a reflector is achieved, in which the
optically reflecting surface due to the construction can easily be
replaced when desired. The geometrically shaped surface of the
reflector body can furthermore be provided with thin, but
nevertheless effective thermal insulating layers, which prevent the
heat arising in the reflector strip due to the absorbed radiation
energy to be led further to the reflector body and thus in a
reflector operating at a low power can serve as a safety measure
for the case that the cooling air of some reason should be
interrupted. The thermal insulating layer can also consist of a
thin insulating foil or the like of thin heat-resistant material as
for example ceramic fibre.
For the purpose of better cooling the reflector body can of course
also be provided with cooling flanges extending in the length
direction of the reflector, which flanges increase the heat
transmitting surface.
For achieving even more effective cooling it is also possible that
the reflector body is provided with separate further channels,
through which liquid cooling medium can flow. These channels can
also be made in an extruded aluminum profile, if this form for
realizing the invention is selected.
It is also possible to increase the cooling effect by using a
viscous heat conducting material, such as silicone-compounds
between the supporting surface of the reflector body and the
reflector strip.
Some embodiments of the invention will now be described with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a reflector as seen
perpendicular to its length direction,
FIG. 2 shows a similar view as in FIG. 1 except a reflector strip
of differing structure,
FIG. 3 shows an end part of the reflector device taken along the
lines III--III in FIG. 2, and
FIG. 4 shows a section taken along the lines IV--IV in FIG. 2.
The reflector device in FIG. 1 shows a reflector body 1 in which an
elastically flexible reflective strip 2 is attached.
The reflector strip 2 is held flexed against the supporting surface
between the parallel rims of the body 1, which are provided with
protruding ribs 3 and 4 which form two stopmembers for the strip
2.
The reflector device is also provided with a protective transparent
plate 5.
In this reflector body is also arranged an elongated radiation
source of which the filament is indicated by 6 and the quartz glass
envelope by 7. This source may be formed as a tubular, double-ended
infrared heating lamp.
The reflector body 1 is provided with a cavity of parabolic,
elliptic or any other shape. Its main axis is parallel with the
axis of the elongated light source 6, 7. In this embodiment an
elliptically adapted reflector body, the geometric shape of which
is adapted to the shape of the source 6, 7 is elected. Of this
elliptic surface the foci are arranged at the centre of the
filament 6 and at 8.
The supporting surface of the body 1 is provided with a
longitudinal groove 9, extending all over the length of that body
1.
This groove 9 functions as an expansion groove, in which a part 10
of the strip can be flexed under the influence of elastic
deformation. This can occur as said in the ingress of the
specification if the strip as placed between the stopmembers 3 and
4 is a little oversized, or if the strip is expanding under the
influence of differing heat expansion between the materials of the
body 1 and the strip 2. In all cases the groove 9 functions as a
space enabling a compensation for deformation of the strip 2.
The walls of the groove 9 together with the strip form a channel
which can be connected to a source of cooling medium at a central
duct 11.
The FIG. 2, 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the reflector device
according to the invention, where the same references as in FIG. 1
are used for corresponding elements.
In FIG. 4 the central duct 11 is shown. In the channel 9 two
openings 14 are provided, where the air flow due to connection
strips 16 of the radiation source 6, 7 or in another way is forced
across the lead-in wires 6 of the lamp and to cool these parts of
the lamps.
The reflector strip is furthermore provided with a number of slits
12 formed by forcing a number of lugs 13 through the strip 2. Seen
in the main axis of the reflector body 1 the lugs 13 are
gill-shaped. Due to these slits air flows across the reflector
surface 2, which air inter alia will draw air from the surroundings
of the quartz tube 7 and thus also cause cooling of this tube in a
way as appears especially from FIG. 2 especially. If the window 5
is removed, the cooling air heated by the source 6, 7 can escape
through the optical opening and be used for drying purposes.
In the drawing 15 designates external grooves for enabling adjacent
reflector devices to be joined to a module system. This can be done
by sliding a connection member 17 in the grooves 15 of adjacent
bodies 1 (see FIG. 1). For connection two reflector bodies such
that their main axis become flush a bar 19 is slid in the grooves
15 of adjacent bodies 1.
* * * * *